1558
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1558 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1558 MDLVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2311 |
| Armenian calendar | 1007 ԹՎ ՌԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6308 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1479–1480 |
| Bengali calendar | 965 |
| Berber calendar | 2508 |
| English Regnal year | 4 Ph. & M. – 1 Eliz. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2102 |
| Burmese calendar | 920 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7066–7067 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 4254 or 4194 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 4255 or 4195 |
| Coptic calendar | 1274–1275 |
| Discordian calendar | 2724 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1550–1551 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5318–5319 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1614–1615 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1479–1480 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4658–4659 |
| Holocene calendar | 11558 |
| Igbo calendar | 558–559 |
| Iranian calendar | 936–937 |
| Islamic calendar | 965–966 |
| Japanese calendar | Kōji 4 / Eiroku 1 (永禄元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1477–1478 |
| Julian calendar | 1558 MDLVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3891 |
| Minguo calendar | 354 before ROC 民前354年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 90 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2100–2101 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) 1684 or 1303 or 531 — to — 阳土马年 (male Earth-Horse) 1685 or 1304 or 532 |
Year 1558 (MDLVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1558th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 558th year of the 2nd millennium, the 58th year of the 16th century, and the 9th year of the 1550s decade.
Events[]
January–June[]
- January 7 – French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais, the last continental possession of the Kingdom of England.
- January 9 – Geneva becomes independent from the Canton of Bern.
- January 22 – The Livonian War begins.
- February 2 – The University of Jena is founded in Thuringia, Germany.
- February 5 – Arauco War: Pedro de Avendaño, with sixty men, captures Caupolicán (the Mapuche Gran Toqui), who is leading their first revolt against the Spanish Empire (near Antihuala), encamped with a small band of followers.
- March 8 – The city of Pori (Swedish: Björneborg) was founded by Duke John on the shores of the Gulf of Bothnia.[1]
- April 24 – Mary, Queen of Scots, marries Francis, Dauphin of France, at Notre Dame de Paris.
July–December[]
- July 13 – Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Lamoral, Count of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes.
- July 18 – The city of Tartu, capital of the Bishopric of Dorpat (in modern-day Estonia) surrenders to Russia.
- October 17 – Postal history of Poland: King Sigismund II Augustus appoints an Italian merchant living in Kraków to organise a consolidated postal service in Poland, the origin of Poczta Polska.
- November 17 – The Elizabethan era begins in England: Catholic Queen Mary dies, and is succeeded by her younger Protestant half-sister Elizabeth, who will rule for 44 years.
Unknown[]
- John Knox's attack on female rulers, The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women, is published anonymously from Geneva.[2]
- English explorer Anthony Jenkinson travels from Moscow to Astrakhan and Bukhara.[3] He is the first Englishman to note that the Amu Darya changed course, to start flowing into the Aral Sea.[4]
- Queen Elizabeth I of England grants rest and refreshment to pilgrims and travellers who pass by the Holy Well Spring at Malvern in England.
Ongoing[]
Births[]
Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria
- January or February – Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter (d. 1617)
- January 16 – Jakobea of Baden, Margravine of Baden by birth, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by marriage (d. 1597)
- January 29 – Paul Hentzner, German lawyer (d. 1623)
- March 7 – Johann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1576–1592) (d. 1592)
- April 30 – Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger, Polish noble (d. 1629)
- June 15 – Margrave Andrew of Burgau, German nobleman, Cardinal, Bishop of Constance and Brixen (d. 1600)
- July 9 – David Origanus, German astronomer (d. 1628)
- July 11 – Robert Greene, English dramatist (d. 1592)
- August 2 – Herman van den Bergh, Dutch soldier in the Eighty Years' War (d. 1611)
- August 8 – George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, English noble (d. 1605)
- August 19 – François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (d. 1614)
- September 9 – Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur, French soldier (d. 1602)
- September 24 – Ralph Eure, 3rd Baron Eure, English politician (d. 1617)
- October 12 – Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria (d. 1618)
- October 24 – Szymon Szymonowic, Polish writer (d. 1629)
- October 30 – Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force, Marshal of France (d. 1652)
- November 27 – Mingyi Swa, Crown Prince of Burma (d. 1593)
- December 3 – Gregorio Pagani, Italian painter (d. 1605)
- December 8 – François de La Rochefoucauld, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1645)
- December 9 – André du Laurens, French physician (d. 1609)
- date unknown
- Meir Lublin, Polish rabbi (d. 1616)
- Kōriki Masanaga, Japanese military commander (d. 1599)
- Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1580)
- Olivier van Noort, first Dutchman to circumnavigate the world (d. 1627)
- Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (d. 1586)
- Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia (1593–1601) (d. 1601)
- Thomas Kyd, English playwright (d. 1594)
- Françoise de Cezelli, French war hero (d. 1615)
- probable - Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons, French merchant (d. 1628)
Deaths[]
Emperor Charles V
- January 28 – Jacob Micyllus, German humanist (b. 1503)
- February 25 – Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France (b. 1498)
- February 27
- Johann Faber of Heilbronn, controversial Catholic preacher (b. 1504)
- Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, German noblewoman (b. 1524)
- March 6 – Luca Gaurico, Italian astrologer (b. 1475)
- March 24 – Anna van Egmont, Countess of Egmond and Buren (b. c. 1533)
- March 25 – Marcos de Niza, French Franciscan explorer (b. c. 1495)
- April 2 – Wolfgang of the Palatinate, Count Palatine of Neumarkt (b. 1494)
- April 15 – Hurrem Sultan, Ruthenian-born wife of Suleiman the Magnificent (b. c. 1500)
- April 20 – Johannes Bugenhagen, German reformer (b. 1485)
- April 26 – Jean Fernel, French physician (b. 1497)[5]
- May 17 – Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Portuguese poet (b. 1485)
- May 19 – Juan Téllez-Girón, 4th Count of Ureña, Spanish count (b. 1494)
- May 25 – Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen (1525–1540) (b. 1510)[6]
- May 31 – Philip Hoby, English politician (b. 1505)
- June 28 – Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche, English courtier (b. 1506)
- July 17 – George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard (b. 1498)
- August 11 – Justus Menius, German Lutheran pastor (b. 1499)[7]
- September 21 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1500)[8]
- October – Mellin de Saint-Gelais, French poet (b. c. 1491)
- October 18 – Maria of Austria, queen of Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (b. 1505)
- October 21 – J. C. Scaliger, Italian scholar (b. 1484)[9]
- November 1
- Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham, English noble (b. 1501)
- Erhard Schnepf, German theologian (b. 1495)
- November 15 – Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis, Scottish politician and judge (b. 1515)
- November 17
- (bur.) Hugh Aston, English composer (b. 1485)
- Queen Mary I of England (b. 1516)[10]
- Reginald Pole, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1500)
- December 7 – Johann Forster, German theologian (b. 1496)
- December 16 – Thomas Cheney, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. c. 1485)
- December 19 – Cornelius Grapheus, Flemish writer (b. 1482)
- December 28 – Hermann Finck, German composer (b. 1527)
- date unknown
References[]
- ^ J. W. Ruuth (1958). "Kaupungin perustamiskirje". Porin kaupungin historia II (in Finnish). City of Pori. p. 269.
- ^ Lillian S. Robinson (1985). Monstrous Regiment: The Lady Knight in Sixteenth-century Epic. Garland Pub. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-8240-6709-0.
- ^ Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 247. ISBN 0-671-74919-6.
- ^ Sykes, Percy (1921). A History of Persia. London: Macmillan and Company. p. 64.
- ^ BONO, JAMES J.; SCHMITT, CHARLES B. (1979). "AN UNKNOWN LETTER OF JACQUES DALÉCHAMPS TO JEAN FERNEL: LOCAL AUTONOMY VERSUS CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT" (PDF). Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 53 (1): 100–127. ISSN 0007-5140.
- ^ Wilson, Katharina M. (1991). An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers. Taylor & Francis. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-8240-8547-6.
- ^ Friedrich Bente (2005). Historical Introductions to the Lutheran Confessions: As Contained in the Book of Concord of 1580. Concordia Publishing House. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-7586-0921-2.
- ^ "Charles V | Accomplishments, Reign, Abdication, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Vernon Hall (December 2007). Life of Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558): Transactions, APS. American Philosophical Society. p. 158. ISBN 978-1-4223-7704-8.
- ^ Jane Resh Thomas (1998). Behind the Mask: The Life of Queen Elizabeth I. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 73. ISBN 0-395-69120-6.
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