October

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This article is about the month. For other uses, see October (disambiguation).
"Oct." redirects here. For other uses, see Oct.
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Maple leaf in October.

October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the sixth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name (from the Latin and Greek ôctō meaning "eight") after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. In Ancient Rome, one of three Mundus patet would take place on October 5, Meditrinalia October 11, Augustalia on October 12, October Horse on October 15, and Armilustrium on October 19. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. Among the Anglo-Saxons, it was known as Ƿinterfylleþ, because at this full moon (fylleþ) winter was supposed to begin.[1]

October is commonly associated with the season of spring in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, and autumn in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa.

October symbols[]

The calendula
  • An opal armband. Opal is the birthstone for October.
    An opal armband. Opal is the birthstone for October.
    Cut tourmaline
    Cut tourmaline
    October's birthstones are the tourmaline and opal.[2]
  • Its birth flower is the calendula.[3]
  • The zodiac signs for this month are Libra (until October 22) and Scorpio (from October 23 onwards).[4][5]
  • The French word octobre is shortened to 8bre.[6]

October observances[]

This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.

Non-Gregorian observances: 2020 dates[]

(All Baha'i, Islamic, and Jewish observances begin at the sundown prior to the date listed, and end at sundown of the date in question unless otherwise noted.)

Month-long observances[]

  • Black History Month in the United Kingdom
  • In Catholic Church tradition, October is the Month of the Holy Rosary.[7]
  • Breast Cancer Awareness Month
  • Health Literacy Month[8]
  • International Walk to School Month
  • Medical Ultrasound Awareness Month[9]
  • Rett Syndrome Awareness Month[10]
  • World Blindness Awareness Month[11]
  • World Menopause Month
  • Vegetarian Awareness Month[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]

United States[]

The last two to three weeks in October (and, occasionally, the first week of November) are normally the only time of the year during which all of the "Big Four" major professional sports leagues in the U.S. and Canada schedule games; the National Basketball Association begins its preseason and about two weeks later starts the regular season, the National Hockey League is about one month into its regular season, the National Football League is about halfway through its regular season, and Major League Baseball is in its postseason with the League Championship Series and World Series. There have been 19 occasions in which all four leagues have played games on the same day (an occurrence popularly termed a "sports equinox"), with the most recent of these taking place on October 27, 2019.[19] Additionally, the Canadian Football League is typically nearing the end of its regular season during this period, while Major League Soccer is beginning the MLS Cup Playoffs.

United States, Health-related[]
  • American Pharmacist Month[23]
  • Celebrating All of October Dwarfism/Little People/Short Stature/Skeletal Dysplasia Awareness https://www.littlepeopleoftheworld.org/dwarfism-awareness [24]
  • Dwarfism/Little People Awareness Month [25]
  • Eczema Awareness Month [26]
  • National Dental Hygiene Month[27]
  • National Healthy Lung Month[28]
  • National Infertility Awareness Month[29]
  • Liver Awareness Month[30]
  • National Lupus Erythematosus Awareness Month[31]
  • National Physical Therapy Month[32]
  • National Spina Bifida Awareness Month[33]
  • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Awareness Month [34] (United States)
United States, Culinary[]

Movable observances, 2021 dates[]

  • Oktoberfest celebrations (varies globally based on area)
  • World College Radio Day: October 2
  • Astronomy Day: October 5
  • World Cerebral Palsy Day: October 6
  • Earth Science Week: October 10-16
  • See also Movable Western Christian observances
  • See also Movable Eastern Christian observances

First Thursday: October 7[]

First Friday: October 1[]

First Sunday: October 3[]

  • Daylight saving time begins (Australia)
  • Father's Day (Luxembourg)
  • Grandparents Day (Queensland, Australia, United Kingdom)
  • Teachers' Day (Belarus, Latvia, Ukraine)

First Full Week: October 3–9[]

Week of October 9: October 3–9[]

Week of October 10: October 10-16[]

First Monday: October 4[]

First Tuesday: October 5[]

First Wednesday: October 6[]

Second Thursday: October 7[]

Second Friday: October 8[]

  • Arbor Day (Namibia)
  • World Egg Day

Second Saturday: October 9[]

  • International Migratory Bird Day (Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean)
  • Home Movie Day (International observance)
  • National Tree Planting Day (Mongolia)

Second Sunday: October 10[]

  • National Grandparents Day (Germany, Hong Kong)

Second Monday: October 11[]

Second Tuesday: October 12[]

  • Ada Lovelace Day

Second Wednesday: October 13[]

Wednesday of second full week in October: October 13[]

Third Thursday: October 21[]

  • International Credit Union Day

Third Saturday: October 16[]

  • Sweetest Day (United States)

Third Sunday: October 17[]

Third Monday: October 18[]

Fourth Saturday: October 24[]

Last Sunday: October 31[]

Week of Fourth Wednesday: October 24–30[]

Fourth Monday: October 25[]

  • Labour Day (New Zealand)

Last Monday: October 25[]

Fourth Wednesday: October 27[]

Last Friday: October 29[]

  • National Bandanna Day (Australia)
  • Nevada Day (Nevada, United States) (though the state was actually admitted on October 31, 1864)
  • Teacher's Day (Australia) (If the last Friday is on October 31, this holiday is moved to November 7)

Fixed observances[]

October, from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
A shop in Derry decorated for Halloween
Halloween pumpkins

Miscellaneous[]

  • Eric Whitacre composed a piece based on this month, titled October.
  • Neil Gaiman wrote a story personifying the month, titled "October in the Chair", for his 2006 collection Fragile Things.
  • Ray Bradbury published a collection of short stories titled The October Country in 1955.

External links[]

  1. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "October" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ "Gemstone Leaflet" (PDF). Jewelers of America. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-22. Retrieved Jan 22, 2012.
  3. ^ SHG Resources. "Birth Months, Flowers, and Gemstones". SHG Resources. Archived from the original on 2012-09-11. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  4. ^ The Earth passes the junction of the signs at 22:59 UT/GMT October 22, 2020, and will pass it again at 04:51 UT/GMT October 23, 2021.
  5. ^ "Astrology Calendar", yourzodiacsign. Signs in UT/GMT for 1950–2030.
  6. ^ "To Benjamin Franklin from Alexandre Pochard, 11 October 1776". Montreal Le 11 8bre. 1776.
  7. ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Special Devotions For Months". Newadvent.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  8. ^ "Health Literacy Month – Finding the Right Words for Better Health". www.healthliteracymonth.org.
  9. ^ "SDMS Medical Ultrasound Awareness Month". www.sdms.org.
  10. ^ "Home - Rettsyndrome.org". www.rettsyndrome.org. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2016-10-07.
  11. ^ [1] Archived February 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Hultin G. Why Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month? Food & Nutrition, October 7, 2014, Accessed November 14, 2018
  13. ^ Vegetarian Awareness Month: Celebrating Meatless Mindfulness, Oldways website, September 28, 2017, Accessed November 14, 2018
  14. ^ World Vegetarian Day, October 1. North American Vegetarian Society (the North American WVD sponsor explains that “World Vegetarian Day [on] October 1st is the annual kick-off of Vegetarian Awareness Month”, accessed November 14, 2018
  15. ^ Palmer S. World Vegetarian Awareness Month. Vegan Outreach website, October 2, 2017, Accessed November 14, 2018
  16. ^ October is National Vegetarian Awareness Month. Fix.com. October 1, 2014, Accessed November 14, 2018
  17. ^ Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month. Fruits & Veggies: More Matters. Monday, October 14, 2013, at 4:00 am. Accessed November 14, 2018
  18. ^ Gerber J. 9 Easy Wasys to Celebrate Vegetarian Awareness Month. Care2. October 1, 2012. Accessed November 14, 2018
  19. ^ "Which games to pick for Sunday's 'Sports Equinox'". ESPN.com. October 27, 2019. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  20. ^ "American Archives Month". National Archives. 2017-06-22. Retrieved 2018-09-25.
  21. ^ "October is Adopt a Shelter Dog Month". ASPCA. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  22. ^ http://www.staysafeonline.info/content/about-ncsam Archived October 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ "American Pharmacists Month 2011". Pharmacist.com. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  24. ^ [1=https://www.littlepeopleoftheworld.org/dwarfism-awareness "Little People of the World"] Check |url= value (help).
  25. ^ "Little People of America".
  26. ^ "Eczema Awareness Month – National Eczema Association". National Eczema Association.
  27. ^ "ADHA – October is National Dental Hygiene Month". Adha.org. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  28. ^ "Healthy Lung Month – Lung problems". 5 October 2012.
  29. ^ "Observing Infertility Awareness Month". Library.adoption.com. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  30. ^ "Liver Awareness Month". www.liverfoundation.org.
  31. ^ [2] Archived November 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ APTA | National Physical Therapy Month Archived January 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  33. ^ "Spina Bifida Association – Spina Bifida Association". Sbaa.org. Archived from the original on 2007-10-14. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  34. ^ "October is SIDS Awareness Month". www.nichd.nih.gov.
  35. ^ "National Pizza Month". Pizza.com. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  36. ^ "Popcorn Poppin' Month". Popcorn.org. Retrieved 2012-10-24.
  37. ^ "October is National Pork Month". ThePigSite. 2007-10-02.
  38. ^ "NOAA Fisheries Celebrates National Seafood Month". NOAA.gov. 2017-10-01. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
  39. ^ Szoó, Attila (26 October 2020). ""Brussels should pay attention to the Szeklers" – Day of Szekler Autonomy". Transylvania Now.
  40. ^ "Diversity – UMUC". www.umuc.edu.
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