1701

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This article is about the year 1701. For the number, see 1701 (number). For other uses, see 1701 (disambiguation).
Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
  • 17th century
  • 18th century
  • 19th century
Decades:
  • 1680s
  • 1690s
  • 1700s
  • 1710s
  • 1720s
Years:
  • 1698
  • 1699
  • 1700
  • 1701
  • 1702
  • 1703
  • 1704
1701 by topic
Arts and science
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  • Births
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1701 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1701
MDCCI
Ab urbe condita2454
Armenian calendar1150
ԹՎ ՌՃԾ
Assyrian calendar6451
Balinese saka calendar1622–1623
Bengali calendar1108
Berber calendar2651
English Regnal year13 Will. 3 – 14 Will. 3
Buddhist calendar2245
Burmese calendar1063
Byzantine calendar7209–7210
Chinese calendar庚辰年 (Metal Dragon)
4397 or 4337
    — to —
辛巳年 (Metal Snake)
4398 or 4338
Coptic calendar1417–1418
Discordian calendar2867
Ethiopian calendar1693–1694
Hebrew calendar5461–5462
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1757–1758
 - Shaka Samvat1622–1623
 - Kali Yuga4801–4802
Holocene calendar11701
Igbo calendar701–702
Iranian calendar1079–1080
Islamic calendar1112–1113
Japanese calendarGenroku 14
(元禄１４年)
Javanese calendar1624–1625
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4034
Minguo calendar211 before ROC
民前211年
Nanakshahi calendar233
Thai solar calendar2243–2244
Tibetan calendar阳金龙年
(male Iron-Dragon)
1827 or 1446 or 674
    — to —
阴金蛇年
(female Iron-Snake)
1828 or 1447 or 675
January 18: Frederick I proclaims the Kingdom of Prussia, crowning himself King.
July 9: Crossing of the Düna.

1701 (MDCCI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1701st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 701st year of the 2nd millennium, the 1st year of the 18th century, and the 2nd year of the 1700s decade. As of the start of 1701, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Tuesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

Events[]

January–March[]

  • January 12 – Parts of the Netherlands adopt the Gregorian calendar.
  • January 18 – The electorate of Brandenburg-Prussia becomes the Kingdom of Prussia, as Elector Frederick III is proclaimed King Frederick I. Prussia remains part of the Holy Roman Empire. It consists of Brandenburg, Pomerania and East Prussia. Berlin is the capital.[1]
  • January 28 – The Chinese storm Dartsedo.
  • February 17 (February 6, 1700 O.S.) – The 5th Parliament of King William III is assembled. Future Prime Minister Robert Walpole enters the Parliament of England, and soon makes his name as a spokesman for Whig policy.
  • March 8 – Mecklenburg-Strelitz is created as a north German duchy.
  • March 9 – Safavid troops retreat from Basra, ending a three year occupation.[2]

April–June[]

  • April 21 – In Japan, the young daimyō Asano Naganori is ordered to commit seppuku (ritual suicide). A group of 47 samurai of his service begin planning to avenge his death.
  • May 23 – After being convicted of murdering William Moore, and for piracy, Captain William Kidd is hanged in London.
  • June 24 – The Act of Settlement 1701 is passed by the Parliament of England, to exclude the Catholic Stuarts from the British monarchy. Under its terms, King William III, childless, will be succeeded by Queen Mary II's sister Princess Anne and her descendants. If Anne should have no descendants, she will be succeeded by Sophia of Hanover and her descendants (hence the Hanoverian Succession in 1714).

July–September[]

  • July 9 –
    • The Battle of Carpi, the first skirmish in the War of the Spanish Succession, takes place in Italy when French troops under the command of Nicolas Catinat are attacked Austrian forces led by Prince Eugene of Savoy. [3]
    • Crossing of the Düna: Following his victories over Denmark and Russia in 1700, Charles XII of Sweden escalates the conflict in the Great Northern War by an invasion of Poland. The Swedish defeat the army of Saxony (then in personal union with Poland) at the River Dvina.
  • July 24 – A French emporium named Fort Ponchartrain is founded along the west side of the Detroit River in North America, and later becomes the site of the city of Detroit.
  • August 4 – The Great Peace of Montreal is signed, ending 100 years of war between the Iroquois Confederacy and New France, and its Huron and Algonquian allies. Formerly allied with the English, the treaty assures the Iroquois will be neutral, if France and England ever resume hostilities.
  • September 16 – Deposed King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) dies in exile, at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye in France. His supporters, the Jacobites, turn to his son James Francis Edward Stuart (later called "The Old Pretender"), whom they recognise as James VIII and III. Louis XIV of France, the Papal States and Spain also recognise him as the rightful heir.[4]

October–December[]

  • October 9 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
  • November 2 – King Philip V of Spain marries for the first time, to 13-year-old Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy, who serves as Queen Consort until her death from tuberculosis at the age of 25.
  • November 11 (O.S., November 22 N.S.) – The House of Commons of England is dissolved by King William III and new elections are called for all 531 seats. [5]
  • December 29 (O.S., January 9, 1702 N.S.) – The Battle of Erastfer takes place near what is now Erastvere in Estonia, as a large Russian force commanded by Boris Sheremetev invades Swedish Livonia and overwhelms a smaller force led by Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach in the first significant Russian victory in the Great Northern War.

Date unknown[]

  • English agriculturalist Jethro Tull invents a drill for planting seeds in rows.
  • The Philharmonic Society (Academia Philharmonicorum) is established in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Births[]

Antonio Alcalde Barriga born 14 March
William Emerson (mathematician) born 14 May
Karl Wilhelm von Dieskau born 9 August
Maurus Xaverius Herbst born 14 September
Anna Magdalena Bach born 22 September
Ignatius of Laconi born 10 December

January–March[]

  • January 4 – Count Palatine William of Gelnhausen, Imperial Field Marshal (d. 1760)
  • January 6 – Georg Ludwig von Bar, German (d. 1767)
  • January 14 – Thomas Edwards, silversmith active in colonial Boston (d. 1755)
  • January 17 – William Lubbock, British divine (d. 1754)
  • January 18 – Johann Jakob Moser, German jurist (d. 1785)
  • January 23 – Anne Antoine, Comte d'Aché, French naval officer who became vice admiral (d. 1780)
  • January 26 – François Dominique de Barberie de Saint-Contest, French Foreign Minister (d. 1754)
  • January 27 – Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (d. 1790)
  • January 28
    • Thomas Amory, English dissenting tutor and minister and poet from Taunton (d. 1774)
    • Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (d. 1774)
  • February 1 – Johan Agrell, late German/Swedish baroque composer (d. 1765)
  • February 7 – Christian Ludwig Gersten, German scientist (d. 1762)
  • February 8 – Johann Baptist Martinelli, Austrian architect (d. 1754)
  • February 11 – Carlo Lodi, Italian painter of the late-Baroque period in Bologna (d. 1765)
  • February 14 – Enrique Flórez, Spanish historian (d. 1773)
  • February 24 – François-Joseph Hunauld, French anatomist born in Châteaubriant (d. 1742)
  • February 25 – Thomas Adam, Church of England clergyman and religious writer (d. 1784)
  • February 28 – Jacek Rybiński, Cisterian and the last abbot of the Oliwa monastery (d. 1782)
  • March 1 – Johann Jakob Breitinger, Swiss philologist and author (d. 1776)
  • March 2 – Lewis Morris, Welsh hydrographer (d. 1765)
  • March 6 – Louis-René de Caradeuc de La Chalotais, French jurist on the so-called "Brittany affair" (d. 1785)
  • March 7 – Philip Hawkins, MP (d. 1738)
  • March 11 – Joseph Leeson, 1st Earl of Milltown, Irish politician (d. 1783)
  • March 12 – Johann Friedrich Cotta, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1779)
  • March 14 – Antonio Alcalde Barriga, Spanish Roman Catholic prelate; member from the Order of Preachers; Bishop of Guadalajara (d. 1792)
  • March 15 – John Carmichael, 3rd Earl of Hyndford (d. 1767)
  • March 16 – Daniel Lorenz Salthenius, Swedish theologian (d. 1750)[6]
  • March 18 – Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish merchant and philanthropist (d. 1776)
  • March 21 – Jacques Bridaine, French Catholic preacher and missionary (d. 1767)
  • March 25 – John Goffe, Colonial American soldier (d. 1786)

April–June[]

  • April 9 – Giambattista Nolli, Italian architect (d. 1756)
  • April 25 – John Bristow, English merchant, politician (d. 1768)
  • April 27
    • Sebastian Redford, English Jesuit (d. 1763)
    • Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia from 1730 (d. 1773)
  • April 28 – Françoise Basseporte, French painter (d. 1780)
  • May 14 – William Emerson, English mathematician (d. 1782)
  • May 18 – Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, English aristocrat, philanthropist and cricket patron (d. 1750)
  • May 24
  • May 26 – Jean-Joseph Rallier des Ourmes, French mathematician (d. 1771)
  • May 28 – Giuseppe Antonio Pujati, Italian physician (d. 1760)
  • May 29 – Georg Friedrich Strass, Alsatian jeweler and inventor of the rhinestone (d. 1773)
  • June 2 – Thomas Townshend, British politician (d. 1780)
  • June 4
    • Nicolai Eigtved, Danish architect (d. 1754)
    • Theodoor Verhaegen, sculptor from the Southern Netherlands (d. 1759)
  • June 9 – Carl Hieronimus Gustmeyer, Danish merchant (d. 1756)
  • June 11 – David Carnegie, 5th Earl of Northesk, son of David Carnegie (d. 1741)
  • June 17
  • June 19 – François Rebel, French composer (d. 1775)
  • June 21 – Otto Magnus von Schwerin, Prussian general in the army of Frederick the Great (d. 1777)
  • June 22 – Nicolai Eigtved, Danish architect (d. 1754)
  • June 27 – Paul Jacques Malouin, French chemist and physicist (d. 1778)

July–September[]

October–December[]

Deaths[]

William Kidd died 23 May
Madeleine de Scudéry died 2 June
Anna Stanisławska died 2 June
Edmé Boursault died 15 September
James II of England died 16 September
Stanislaus Papczyński died 17 September

References[]

  1. ^ "Historical Events for Year 1701 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
  2. ^ Matthee, Rudi (2006b). "Iraq iv. Relations in the Safavid period". Encyclopaedia Iranica (Vol. XIII, Fasc. 5 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 6). New York. pp. 556–561.
  3. ^ Dennis Showalter, Early Modern Wars 1500–1775 (Amber Books Ltd., 2013)
  4. ^ "What Happened in 1701; History-Page.com". History-page.com. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  5. ^ A.M. Sullivan, ed., Ridgway's Parliamentary Manual for the Year 1884 (William Ridgway, 1884) p. 100
  6. ^ Naragon, Steve (2016). "Salthenius, Daniel Lorenz (1701–50)". In Klemme, Heiner F.; Kuehn, Manfred (eds.). The Bloomsbury dictionary of eighteenth-century German philosophers. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 645-6. ISBN 9781474256001.
  7. ^ Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History Volume 13 Western Europe (1700-1800). BRILL. September 16, 2019. p. 482. ISBN 978-90-04-40283-6.
  8. ^ Anthony Hamilton (Count); Charles II (King of England); Thomas Blount; Walter Scott (1846). Memoirs of the Court of Charles the Second. H. G. Bohn. p. 373.
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