1862

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
  • 18th century
  • 19th century
  • 20th century
Decades:
Years:
  • 1859
  • 1860
  • 1861
  • 1862
  • 1863
  • 1864
  • 1865
1862 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1862
MDCCCLXII
Ab urbe condita2615
Armenian calendar1311
ԹՎ ՌՅԺԱ
Assyrian calendar6612
Bahá'í calendar18–19
Balinese saka calendar1783–1784
Bengali calendar1269
Berber calendar2812
British Regnal year25 Vict. 1 – 26 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar2406
Burmese calendar1224
Byzantine calendar7370–7371
Chinese calendar辛酉(Metal Rooster)
4558 or 4498
    — to —
壬戌年 (Water Dog)
4559 or 4499
Coptic calendar1578–1579
Discordian calendar3028
Ethiopian calendar1854–1855
Hebrew calendar5622–5623
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1918–1919
 - Shaka Samvat1783–1784
 - Kali Yuga4962–4963
Holocene calendar11862
Igbo calendar862–863
Iranian calendar1240–1241
Islamic calendar1278–1279
Japanese calendarBunkyū 2
(文久2年)
Javanese calendar1790–1791
Julian calendarGregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar4195
Minguo calendar50 before ROC
民前50年
Nanakshahi calendar394
Thai solar calendar2404–2405
Tibetan calendar阴金鸡年
(female Iron-Rooster)
1988 or 1607 or 835
    — to —
阳水狗年
(male Water-Dog)
1989 or 1608 or 836

1862 (MDCCCLXII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1862nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 862nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 62nd year of the 19th century, and the 3rd year of the 1860s decade. As of the start of 1862, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events[]

January–March[]

January 30: USS Monitor.
  • January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria.
  • January 6French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico.
  • January 16Hartley Colliery disaster in north-east England: 204 men are trapped and die underground, when the only shaft becomes blocked.
  • January 30American Civil War: The first U.S. ironclad warship, USS Monitor, is launched.
  • January 31Alvan Graham Clark makes the first observation of Sirius B, a white dwarf star, through an eighteen-inch telescope at Northwestern University.
February 6: Battle of Fort Henry.
  • February 1 – American Civil War: Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time in the Atlantic Monthly.
  • February 2 – The first railway is opened in New Zealand, by the Dun Mountain Copper Mining Company.
  • February 6American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant gives the United States its first victory of the war, by capturing Fort Henry, Tennessee.
  • February 1116American Civil War: Battle of Fort Donelson – General Ulysses S. Grant attacks Fort Donelson, Tennessee, capturing it on the last day.
  • February 20
  • February 21American Civil War: Battle of Valverde – Confederate forces defeat Union troops near Fort Craig, in New Mexico Territory:
  • February 22American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is officially inaugurated in Richmond, Virginia, to a 6-year term as president of the Confederate States of America.
  • March 6 – An ammunition warehouse explosion in San Andres Chalchicomula, Mexico, kills between 1,400 and 2,280 during the Second French intervention in Mexico.[1]
  • March 7American Civil War: Battle of Pea Ridge – The Confederates are shut out of Missouri.
  • March 8American Civil War: Ironclad CSS Virginia (formerly USS Merrimack) is launched at Hampton Roads, Virginia; the Battle of Hampton Roads starts the same day.
  • March 13
    • American Civil War: The U.S. federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.
    • A smallpox epidemic in San Francisco spreads to British Columbia.[2]
  • March 2628American Civil War: Battle of Glorieta Pass – In New Mexico, Union forces succeed in stopping the Confederate invasion of New Mexico Territory.
  • March 31Victor Hugo's epic French historical novel Les Misérables begins publication in Brussels.

April–June[]

  • April 1Second French intervention in Mexico: The Spanish and the British end their alliance with France.
  • April 5American Civil War: Battle of Yorktown – The battle begins when Union Army forces under General George B. McClellan close in on the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
  • April 67American Civil War: Battle of Shiloh – The Union Army, under General Ulysses S. Grant, defeats the Confederates near Shiloh, Tennessee.
  • April 12American Civil War: Great Locomotive Chase (Andrews' Raid) – Union volunteers steal Confederate steam railroad locomotive The General (which will still exist in the 21st century) in an attempt to sabotage the rail network.
  • April 13 – The government of Vietnam is forced to cede the territories of Biên Hòa, Gia Định and Định Tường to France.
  • April 22 – Global financial group UBS is founded in Switzerland as the Bank in Winterthur.[3]
  • April 25American Civil War: Capture of New Orleans – Forces under Union Admiral David Farragut occupy the Confederate city of New Orleans, securing access to the Mississippi River.
  • April 26American Civil War: Siege of Fort Macon – The besieged Confederate garrison at Fort Macon, North Carolina surrenders.
  • May 1November 1 – The 1862 International Exhibition is held at South Kensington in London; it is particularly noteworthy for an exhibit from Japan, influential in the development of Anglo-Japanese style.[4]
  • May 2 – The California State Normal School (later San Jose State University) is created by an Act of the California Legislature.
  • May 5Second French intervention in Mexico: Battle of Puebla – Mexican General Ignacio Zaragoza defeats the French Army; commemorated each year as Cinco de Mayo (Spanish for Fifth of May).
  • May 11American Civil War: Ironclad CSS Virginia is scuttled in the James River northwest of Norfolk, Virginia.
  • May 15 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the U.S. Bureau of Agriculture (later renamed U.S. Department of Agriculture).
  • May 20 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act into law.
  • May 24Westminster Bridge is opened across the Thames in London. This new bridge, designed by Thomas Page, replaces the old bridge.
  • June 1American Civil War: Battle of Fair Oaks – Both sides claim victory.
  • June 4American Civil War: Confederate troops evacuate Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River, leaving the way clear for U.S. Army troops to capture Memphis, Tennessee.
  • June 5Treaty of Saigon: Emperor Tự Đức of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam cedes Saigon, Côn Sơn Island and three southern provinces of what is to become known as Cochinchina (Biên Hòa, Gia Định and Định Tường) to become part of the French colonial empire. Guerilla leader Trương Định refuses to recognise the treaty.
  • June 6American Civil War: First Battle of Memphis – U.S. Army troops capture Memphis, Tennessee, from the Confederate States.
  • June 8American Civil War: Battle of Cross Keys – Confederate troops under General Stonewall Jackson save the Army of Northern Virginia from a U.S. Army attack on the James Peninsula that is led by General George B. McClellan.
  • June 12 – John Winter Robinson, the Secretary of State of Kansas, is convicted and removed from office as the result of a bond scandal, becoming the first state executive official to be impeached and removed from office in American history.
  • June 26American Civil War: Battle of Mechanicsville – Confederate General Robert E. Lee defeats the troops of General George B. McClellan in the first of the Seven Days Battles.

July–September[]

  • July 1
    • The Bureau of Internal Revenue, the forerunner of the Internal Revenue Service, is established in the United States.
    • Princess Alice, the second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine.
    • U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs into law the Pacific Railroad Acts, authorizing construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad.[5]
    • The Russian State Library is founded, as The Library of the Moscow Public Museum.
  • July 2 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Morrill Land-Grant Act into law, creating a system of land-grant colleges, to teach agricultural and mechanical sciences across the United States.
  • July 4 – Charles Dodgson (better known as Lewis Carroll) extemporises the story that becomes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, for ten-year-old Alice Liddell and her sisters, on a rowboat trip on The Isis from Oxford to Godstow.
Diagram of US Federal Government and American Union. Published: 1862, July 15.
  • July 16American Civil War: David Farragut becomes the first rear admiral in the U.S. Navy.
  • July 18Dent Blanche, one of the highest summits in the Alps, is first ascended.
  • July 23American Civil War: Henry Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
  • August 5American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge – Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.
  • August 6American Civil War: Confederate ironclad CSS Arkansas is scuttled on the Mississippi River after suffering damage in a battle with USS Essex, near Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
  • August 9American Civil War: Battle of Cedar Mountain – At Cedar Mountain, Virginia, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson narrowly defeats Union forces under General John Pope.
  • August 14 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln meets with a group of prominent African-Americans, the first time an American President has done so. He suggests that Black people should migrate to Africa or to Central America, but this advice is rejected.
  • August 17 – The Dakota War of 1862 begins in Minnesota, as Dakota Sioux attack white settlements along the Minnesota River. They are overwhelmed by the U.S. Army six weeks later.
  • August 19Dakota War of 1862: During an uprising in Minnesota, Dakota warriors decide not to attack heavily defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.
  • August 21 – The Vienna Stadtpark opens its gates.
  • August 2830American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run – Confederate forces inflict a crushing defeat on Union General John Pope.
  • August 2930American Civil War: Battle of Richmond, Kentucky – Confederate forces, led by General Edmund Kirby Smith, inflict a crushing defeat on Union General William "Bull" Nelson.
  • September 1American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly – Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.
  • September 2American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George B. McClellan to full command, after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run.
  • September 5American Civil War: In the Confederacy's first invasion of the North, General Robert E. Lee leads 55,000 men of the Army of Northern Virginia across the Potomac River at White's Ford near Leesburg, Virginia, into Maryland.
  • September 10Francisco Solano López is appointed second President of Paraguay.
  • September 17American Civil War
    • Battle of Antietam: Union forces strategically defeat Confederate troops at Sharpsburg, Maryland, in the bloodiest day in U.S. history, with over 22,000 casualties.
    • The Allegheny Arsenal explosion results in the single largest civilian disaster during the war.
  • September 19American Civil War: Battle of Iuka – Union troops under Major General William Rosecrans defeat a Confederate force commanded by Major General Sterling Price at Iuka, Mississippi.
  • September 22
    • Otto von Bismarck becomes Minister President of Prussia, following refusal by the country's Landtag to accept the military budget.
    • American Civil War: The preliminary announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation is made by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
  • September 29 – New Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck delivers his Blood and Iron (Blut und Eisen) speech to the Prussian Landtag.

October–December[]

December 13: Battle of Fredericksburg.
  • October 8American Civil War: Battle of PerryvilleUnion Army forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky, by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
  • October 9 – The Transvaal Civil War breaks out, following Stephanus Schoeman’s unconstitutional ousting of the acting President of the Executive Council of the South African Republic.[6]
  • October 11American Civil War: In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J. E. B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the North.
  • October 23Otto is deposed as King of Greece.
  • October 24Ramón Castilla loses the Presidency of Peru for a second time.
  • October 25 – In the Granadine Confederation (modern-day Colombia), rebel troops of the southern states defeat government forces.
  • November 4Richard Jordan Gatling patents the Gatling gun in the United States.
  • November 5
    • American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln removes George B. McClellan as commander of the Union Army.
    • American Indian Wars: In Minnesota, more than 300 Santee Sioux are found guilty of rape and murder of white settlers, and are sentenced to hang.
  • November 14American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln approves the plan by General Ambrose Burnside to capture the Confederate capital city of Richmond, Virginia. This plan leads to a disastrous Union defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13.
  • November 28
    • American Civil War: Battle of Cane HillUnion Army troops, led by General John Blunt, push back Confederate troops, commanded by General John Marmaduke, into the northwestern Boston Mountains of Arkansas.
    • Notts County F.C. is founded in Nottingham, England, making it (by the 21st century) the world's oldest professional Association football team.
  • December – Peruvian slave raiders land on Easter Island, beginning a decade of the destruction of the society and population on the island.
  • December 1 – In his State of the Union address, President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the necessity of ending slavery, as he ordered ten weeks earlier in his Emancipation Proclamation.
Dec. 30: Monitor sinks.
  • December 2 – The first United States Navy hospital ships enter service.
  • December 12American Civil War: Yazoo Pass Expedition – Union ironclad gunboat USS Cairo is sunk by a remotely-detonated "torpedo" (naval mine) while clearing mines from the Yazoo River, the first armored ship sunk by mine.
  • December 13American Civil War: Battle of Fredericksburg – The Union Army suffers massive casualties and abandons its attempts to capture the Confederate capital city of Richmond, Virginia.
  • December 17American Civil War: General Order No. 11, which expels all Jews from his military district, is issued by General Ulysses S. Grant. This order is rescinded just a few weeks later.
  • December 26 – William D. Duley hangs 38 Dakota Sioux Indians in Minnesota.
  • December 2629American Civil War: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou – Another victory for the Confederate Army, outnumbered two to one, results in six times as many Union casualties, defeating several assaults commanded by Union general William T. Sherman.
  • December 30USS Monitor sinks in a storm in the Atlantic, off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.
  • December 31American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union, thus dividing Virginia into two. Meanwhile, the Battle of Stones River opens near Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
American Civil War in 1862

Date unknown[]

  • Anglo-Indian teacher Anna Leonowens accepts an offer made by the Siamese consul in Singapore, Tan Kim Ching, to teach the wives and children of Mongkut, the King of Siam.
  • Donald McIntyre builds a settlement in northwest Queensland (Australia) which becomes the town of Julia Creek (named after his niece).
  • Iwai Fumisuke Shoten (岩井文助商店), predecessor of Japanese conglomerate Sojitz, is founded in Osaka.[citation needed]
  • Japanese construction company Satō Kōgyō is founded in Toyama as Satō-gumi.[7]

Births[]

January–March[]

David Hilbert
Edith Wharton
  • January 9Carrie Clark Ward, American silent film actress (d. 1926)
  • January 14Carrie Derick, Canadian botanist and geneticist (d. 1941)
  • January 15Loie Fuller, American dancer (d. 1928)
  • January 23David Hilbert, German mathematician (d. 1943)
  • January 24Edith Wharton, American fiction writer (d. 1937)
  • January 29Frederick Delius, English composer (d. 1934)
  • January 30Walter Damrosch, German-born American orchestral conductor (d. 1950)
  • February 3James Clark McReynolds, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1946)
  • February 4
    • Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, 13th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1953)
    • George Ernest Morrison, Australian adventurer, journalist (d. 1920)
  • February 7Bernard Maybeck, American Arts and Crafts architect (d. 1957)
  • February 8Ferdinand Ferber, French Army captain, aviation pioneer (d. 1909)
  • February 17Edward German, English composer (d. 1936)
  • March 4Robert Emden, Swiss astrophysicist, meteorologist (d. 1940)
  • March 8George Frederick Phillips, Canadian-born American military hero (d. 1904)
  • March 13Jane Delano, American founder of the American Red Cross Nursing Service (d. 1919)
  • March 14Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist, meteorologist (d. 1951)
  • March 17Silvio Gesell, German economist (d. 1930)
  • March 25George Sutherland, American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1942)
  • March 28Aristide Briand, French politician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1932)
  • March 29Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-born American painter (d. 1947)

April–June[]

  • April 2Nicholas Murray Butler, American president of Columbia University, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1947)
  • April 6Georges Darien, French writer (d. 1921)
  • April 11
  • April 26Edmund C. Tarbell, American Impressionist painter (d. 1938)
  • April 27Rudolph Schildkraut, Ottoman-born Austrian actor (d. 1930)
  • May 15Arthur Schnitzler, Austrian dramatist, narrator (d. 1931)
  • May 27John Kendrick Bangs, American author, satirist (d. 1922)
  • June 5Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1930)
  • June 7Philipp Lenard, Hungarian–German physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 1947)
  • June 10John de Robeck, British admiral (d. 1928)
  • June 21Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai prince, historian (d. 1943)
  • June 27May Irwin, Canadian actress, singer (d. 1938)

July–September[]

Gustav Klimt
Claude Debussy
Ida B. Wells
Andrew Fisher
Billy Hughes
  • July 2
    • William Henry Bragg, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
    • Christopher Cradock, British admiral (d. 1914)
  • July 8Josephine White Bates, Canadian-born American author (d. 1934)
  • July 14
    • Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (d. 1945)
    • Gustav Klimt, Austrian artist (d. 1918)
  • July 15Ernest Troubridge, British admiral (d. 1926)
  • July 16Ida B. Wells, American journalist, suffragist, and anti-lynching crusader (d. 1931)
  • July 24Percy FitzPatrick, South African author, politician and mining financier (d. 1931)
  • August 5Joseph Merrick (the Elephant Man), English sufferer from deformities (d. 1890)
  • August 16Amos Alonzo Stagg, American football player, coach (d. 1965)
  • August 21Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (d. 1911)
  • August 22Claude Debussy, French composer (d. 1918)
  • August 24Zonia Baber, American geographer and geologist (d. 1956)
  • August 26Herbert Booth, English-born Salvationist, third son of William and Catherine Booth (d. 1926)
  • August 29
    • Andrew Fisher, 5th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1928)
    • Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature laureate (d. 1949)
  • September 7Edgar Speyer, American-born international financier and philanthropist (d. 1932)
  • September 11
    • Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy, British general, 12th Governor General of Canada (d. 1935)
    • Hawley Harvey Crippen, American-born medical practitioner, uxoricide (hanged 1910)
    • O. Henry, born William Sydney Porter, American short-story writer (d. 1910)
  • September 12Carl Eytel, German-American artist working in Palm Springs, California (d. 1925)
  • September 19Arvid Lindman, Swedish admiral, industrialist, and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1936)
  • September 22Anastasios Charalambis, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1949)
  • September 23Denis Auguste Duchêne, French general (d. 1950)
  • September 25Billy Hughes, 7th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1952)
  • September 27Louis Botha, Boer general, first Prime Minister of South Africa (d. 1919)

October–December[]

Gerhart Hauptmann
  • October 3Johnny Briggs, English cricketer (d. 1902)
  • October 12Theodor Boveri, German biologist (d. 1915)
  • October 18Mehmet Esat Bülkat, Ottoman general (d. 1952)
  • October 19Auguste Lumière, French inventor (d. 1954)
  • October 26Hilma af Klint, Swedish abstract painter (d. 1944)
  • October 27Hugh Evan-Thomas, British admiral (d. 1928)
  • November 5Annie Laurie Wilson James, American journalist focused on horses (unknown year of death)
  • November 14George Washington Vanderbilt II, American businessman (d. 1914)
  • November 15Gerhart Hauptmann, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1946)
  • November 16Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (d. 1944)
  • November 19Billy Sunday, American baseball player, evangelist and prohibitionist (d. 1935)
  • November 23Ernest Guglielminetti, Swiss physician (d. 1943)
  • November 24Konrad Krafft von Dellmensingen, Bavarian general (d. 1953)
  • December 5
    • William Walker Atkinson, American spiritual writer (d. 1932)
    • John Henry Leech, English entomologist (d. 1900)
  • December 8Georges Feydeau, French playwright (d. 1921)
  • December 12J. Bruce Ismay, English shipping magnate, White Star Line (d. 1937)
  • December 15Adrien Loir, French biologist, bacteriologist (d. 1941)
  • December 25Wilhelm Weinberg, German physician (d. 1937)

Date unknown[]

  • Al Herpin (The Man Who Never Slept), notable French-born American insomniac (d. 1947)
  • Jessie King, Scottish author (unknown year of death)
  • Antoinette Kinney, American state senator (d. 1945)

Deaths[]

January–June[]

Samuel Colt
John Tyler
  • January 10Samuel Colt, American firearms inventor (b. 1814)
  • January 18John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (b. 1790)
  • January 20Harriet Auber, English poet (b. 1773)
  • February 3Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist, astronomer and mathematician (b. 1774)
  • February 7
  • February 20
    • Francisco Balagtas, Filipino poet (b. 1788)
    • William Wallace "Willie" Lincoln, third son of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln (b. 1850)
  • February 21Justinus Kerner, German physician (b. 1786)
  • February 24Bernhard Severin Ingemann, Danish novelist, poet (b. 1789)
  • March 22Manuel Robles Pezuela, former President of Mexico (executed) (b. 1817)
  • April 6Albert Sidney Johnston, American Confederate general (b. 1803)
  • April 10W. H. L. Wallace, American Civil War Union general (b. 1821)
  • April 19Louis P. Harvey, Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1820)
  • April 30 - Jameson Adams, British Antarctic explorer (b. 1880)
  • May 6Henry David Thoreau, American author, philosopher (b. 1817)
  • May 16Edward Gibbon Wakefield, English theorist of colonization (b. 1796)
  • May 21John Drew Sr., Irish-American actor, manager (b. 1827)
  • May 25Juana Azurduy de Padilla, South American guerrilla military leader (b. c. 1781)
  • May 29Franciszek Mirecki, Polish composer, music conductor, and music teacher (b. 1791)
  • June 17Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning, English Viceroy of India (b. 1812)
  • June 20Barbu Catargiu, 1st Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1807)

July–December[]

Judith Montefiore
Martin Van Buren
  • July 23José María Bocanegra, 3rd President of Mexico (b. 1787)
  • July 24Martin Van Buren, 79, 8th President of the United States (b. 1782)
  • August 18Simon Fraser, Canadian explorer (b. 1776)
  • August 20Javiera Carrera, Chilean independence fighter (b. 1771)
  • September 3Shusaku Honinbo, Japanese Go player (b. 1829)
  • September 6John Sumner, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1780)
  • September 10Carlos Antonio López, president of Paraguay (b. 1792)
  • September 14Charles Lennox Richardson, English merchant murdered in Japan (b. 1834)
  • September 24
  • October 8James Walker, Scottish engineer (b. 1781)
  • October 15Hans Daniel Ludwig Friedrich Hassenpflug, German statesman (b. 1794)
  • November 7Bahadur Shah II, 19th and Last mughal emperor (b. 1775)
  • November 13Ludwig Uhland, German poet (b. 1787)
  • November 17Mary Whitwell Hale, American school founder (b. 1810)
  • December 13Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb, American Confederate general (killed during the battle of Fredericksburg) (b. 1823)
  • December 18Barbara Fritchie, American Civil War patriot (b. 1766)

References[]

  1. ^ Miguel Galindo y Galindo (October 21, 2019). Catástrofe de Chalchicomula (PDF). Secretaria de Fomento. pp. 233–237. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  2. ^ "The Spirit of Pestilence". University of Victoria. March 30, 2002. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
  3. ^ "Our history". UBS. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  4. ^ Halen, Widar (1990). Christopher Dresser. Phaidon. p. 34. ISBN 0-7148-2952-8.
  5. ^ "An Act to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes Archived May 27, 2016, at the Wayback Machine 12 Stat. 489, July 1, 1862
  6. ^ Stormvoël van die Noorde by O JO Ferreira; Jan Viljoen – ‘n Transvaalse Wesgrenspionier (unpublished MA dissertation); documents and notes from the Jack Seale collection.
  7. ^ ja:佐藤工業#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved 2020-07-16.
Retrieved from ""