1998

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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Decades:
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Years:
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1998 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1998
MCMXCVIII
Ab urbe condita2751
Armenian calendar1447
ԹՎ ՌՆԽԷ
Assyrian calendar6748
Bahá'í calendar154–155
Balinese saka calendar1919–1920
Bengali calendar1405
Berber calendar2948
British Regnal year46 Eliz. 2 – 47 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar2542
Burmese calendar1360
Byzantine calendar7506–7507
Chinese calendar丁丑(Fire Ox)
4694 or 4634
    — to —
戊寅年 (Earth Tiger)
4695 or 4635
Coptic calendar1714–1715
Discordian calendar3164
Ethiopian calendar1990–1991
Hebrew calendar5758–5759
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat2054–2055
 - Shaka Samvat1919–1920
 - Kali Yuga5098–5099
Holocene calendar11998
Igbo calendar998–999
Iranian calendar1376–1377
Islamic calendar1418–1419
Japanese calendarHeisei 10
(平成10年)
Javanese calendar1930–1931
Juche calendar87
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4331
Minguo calendarROC 87
民國87年
Nanakshahi calendar530
Thai solar calendar2541
Tibetan calendar阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
2124 or 1743 or 971
    — to —
阳土虎年
(male Earth-Tiger)
2125 or 1744 or 972
Unix time883612800 – 915148799

1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1998th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 998th year of the 2nd millennium, the 98th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1990s decade.

1998 was designated as the International Year of the Ocean.[1]

Events[]

January[]

  • January 2 – Russia begins to circulate new rubles to stem inflation and promote confidence.
  • January 4Wilaya of Relizane massacres of 4 January 1998 in Algeria: over 170 are killed in 3 remote villages.
  • January 6 – The Lunar Prospector spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently shadowed craters near the Moon's poles.
  • January 8Ramzi Yousef is sentenced to life in prison for planning the first World Trade Center bombing in 1993.
  • January 11 – Over 100 people are killed in the Sidi-Hamed massacre in Algeria.
  • January 12 – Nineteen European nations agree to forbid human cloning.
  • January 17 – The Drudge Report breaks the story about U.S. President Bill Clinton's alleged affair with Monica Lewinsky, which would lead to the House of Representatives' impeachment of him.
New rubles

February[]

  • February 3Cavalese cable car disaster: a United States military pilot causes the deaths of 20 people near Trento, Italy, when his low-flying EA-6B Prowler severs the cable of a cable-car.
  • February 4 – The 5.9 Mw Afghanistan earthquake shakes the Takhar Province with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong). With up to 4,000 killed, and 818 injured, damage is considered extreme.
  • February 722 – The 1998 Winter Olympics are held in Nagano, Japan.
  • February 20Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi President Saddam Hussein negotiates a deal with U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan, allowing weapons inspectors to return to Baghdad, preventing military action by the United States and Britain.
  • February 28
    • A massacre in Likoshane, FR Yugoslavia starts the Kosovo War.
    • A study led by Andrew Wakefield is published in The Lancet suggesting an alleged link between MMR vaccine and autism. Now known to be full of data manipulation, the study was instantly controversial and fueled the nascent anti-vaccination movement. Despite subsequent large epidemiological research found no link between vaccines and autism,[2][3][4][5] the study contributed – in the following years and decades – to a sharp drop in vaccination rates and the resurgence of measles in several countries.[6] The study, fully retracted in 2010, was later characterised as "perhaps the most damaging medical hoax of the 20th Century".[5]

March[]

  • March 1Titanic becomes the first film to gross US$1 billion.
  • March 2 – Data sent from the Galileo probe indicates that Jupiter's moon Europa has a liquid ocean under a thick crust of ice.
  • March 5NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water in polar craters to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.
  • March 111998 Danish general election: Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen is re-elected.
  • March 13 – The High-Z Supernova Search Team becomes the first team to publish evidence that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate.
  • March 23 – The 70th Academy Awards ceremony, hosted for the 6th time by Billy Crystal, is held at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. Titanic wins 11 Oscars including Best Picture.
  • March 26Oued Bouaicha massacre in Algeria: 52 people are killed with axes and knives; 32 of the killed are babies under the age of two.

April[]

Akashi Kaikyō Bridge
  • April 5 – In Japan, the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge linking Shikoku with Honshū and costing about US$3.6 billion, opens to traffic, becoming the largest suspension bridge in the world.
  • April 6Pakistan tests medium-range missiles capable of hitting India.
  • April 10Good Friday Agreement: 1 hour after the end of the talks deadline, the Belfast Agreement is signed between the Irish and British governments and most Northern Ireland political parties, with the notable exception of the Democratic Unionist Party.
  • April 20 – The alleged date the German Red Army Faction (created 1970) is dissolved.
  • April 23 – The Yugoslav Army ambushes a group of Kosovo Liberation Army fighters attempting to smuggle weapons from Albania into Kosovo, killing 19.

May[]

  • May 11
    • India conducts three underground nuclear tests in Pokhran, including one thermonuclear device.
    • The first euro coins are minted in Pessac, France. Because the final specifications for the coins were not finished in 1998, they will have to be melted and minted again in 1999.
  • May 12 - Trisakti shootings: Indonesian soldiers open fire on unarmed protesters, killing 4 people.
  • May 1314Riots directed against Chinese Indonesians break out in Indonesia, killing around 1,000 people.[7][8][9][10][11]
  • May 19
    • The Galaxy IV communications satellite fails, leaving 80–90% of the world's pagers without service.
    • The wreck of the aircraft carrier USS Yorktown, sunk during the Battle of Midway in 1942, is found near Midway Atoll by a team led by former US Navy officer Robert D. Ballard.
On May 21st, Suharto resigns its post as President of Indonesia, ending his 32-year New Order dictatorship in Indonesia.
  • May 21Suharto (elected 1967) resigns after 31 years as President of Indonesia, effectively ending the New Order period. It is his 7th consecutive re-election by the Indonesian Parliament (MPR). Suharto's hand-picked Vice President, B. J. Habibie, becomes Indonesia's third president.
  • May 22 - Expo '98 (1998 Lisbon World Exposition) in Portugal opened doors to 30 September 1998. The theme of the fair was "The Oceans, a Heritage for the Future".
  • May 24 – timeanddate.com first appears.
  • May 28Nuclear testing: In response to a series of Indian nuclear tests, Pakistan explodes five nuclear devices of its own in the Chaghai hills of Baluchistan, codenamed Chagai-I, prompting the United States, Japan and other nations to impose economic sanctions. Pakistan celebrates Youm-e-Takbir annually.
  • May 30
    • A 6.5 magnitude earthquake hits northern Afghanistan, killing up to 5,000.
    • A second nuclear test, codenamed Chagai-II, is conducted and supervised by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC).

June[]

President Joseph Estrada
  • June 1European Central Bank established, replacing the European Monetary Institute.
  • June 3Eschede train disaster: an Intercity-Express high-speed train derails between Hanover and Hamburg, Germany, causing 101 deaths.[citation needed]
  • June 7
    • Former Brigadier-General Ansumane Mané seizes control over military barracks in Bissau, marking the beginning of the Guinea-Bissau Civil War (1998–99).
    • James Byrd Jr. is beaten and dragged to death by three white men in Jasper, Texas.[citation needed]
  • June 10July 12 – The 1998 FIFA World Cup in France: France beats Brazil 3–0 in the FIFA World Cup Final.
  • June 10 – The Organisation of African Unity passes a resolution which states that its members will no longer comply with punitive sanctions applied by the UN Security Council against Libya.
  • June 27Kuala Lumpur International Airport officially opened, becoming the new international gateway into Malaysia.
  • June 30Philippine Vice President Joseph Estrada is sworn in as the 13th President of the Philippines.

July[]

  • July 5 – Japan launches a probe to Mars, joining the United States and Russia as an outer space-exploring nation.
  • July 6 – The new Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok opens, while the old Kai Tak Airport closes.
  • July 17
    • At a conference in Rome, 120 countries vote to create a permanent International Criminal Court to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
    • In Saint Petersburg, Nicholas II of Russia and his family are buried in St. Catherine Chapel, 80 years after he and his family were killed by the Bolsheviks in 1918.
    • The 7.0 Mw Papua New Guinea earthquake shakes the region near Aitape with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). This submarine earthquake triggered a landslide that caused a destructive tsunami, leaving more than 2,100 dead and thousands injured.
  • July 21September 5 – The 1998 Sydney water crisis involved the suspected contamination by the microscopic pathogens cryptosporidium and giardia of the water supply system of Greater Metropolitan Sydney.[12]
  • July 24 – Russell Eugene Weston Jr. enters the United States Capitol Building and opens fire, killing two members of the United States Capitol Police, Jacob Chestnut and John Gibson.

August[]

Aug. 7: Nairobi Embassy bombing.
  • August 4 – The Second Congo War begins; 5.4 million people die before it ends in 2003, making it the bloodiest war, to date, since World War II.
  • August 7
    • Yangtze River Floods: in China the Yangtze river breaks through the main bank; before this, from August 1–5, peripheral levees collapsed consecutively in Jiayu County Baizhou Bay. The death toll exceeds 12,000, with many thousands more injured.
    • 1998 U.S. embassy bombings: the bombings of the United States embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya, kill 224 people and injure over 4,500; they are linked to terrorist Osama bin Laden, an exile of Saudi Arabia.
  • August 15 – The Omagh bombing is carried out in Northern Ireland by the Real Irish Republican Army. Shortly after these events, the group would call a ceasefire in response, signaling an end to the 30+ year conflict known as the Troubles.
  • August 22 – An annular solar eclipse is visible in Sumatra, Borneo and Pacific. The Moon was 10.6 days past perigee and 5.2 days before apogee.
  • August 26Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama wins the Libertadores Cup after a 2–1 win against Barcelona S.C..
  • August 30 – The First Google Doodle celebrates Burning Man.

September[]

Canadian Coast Guard Vessel Henry Hudson searches for Swissair Flight 111 debris
  • September 2
    • A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 airliner (Swissair Flight 111) crashes near Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia, after taking off from New York City en route to Geneva; all 229 people on board are killed.
    • A United Nations court finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide, marking the first time that the 1948 law banning genocide is enforced.
  • September 2Anwar Ibrahim was sacked from Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia position by Mahathir Mohamad. He later charged as sodomy trial in court.
  • September 4Google, Inc. is founded in Menlo Park, California, by Stanford University PhD candidates Larry Page and Sergey Brin.[13]
  • September 5 – The Government of North Korea adopts a military dictatorship on its 50th anniversary.
  • September 8St. Louis Cardinals first baseman Mark McGwire hits his 62nd home run of the season, thus breaking the single season record of 61 which had been held by Roger Maris since 1961.
  • September 10 – At midnight, a shooting occurs aboard an Akula-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the Russian Navy docked in the northern Russian port city of Severomorsk.
  • September 111998 Commonwealth Games was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • September 12 – The Cuban Five intelligence agents are arrested in Miami, and convicted of espionage. The agents claim they were not spying against the United States Government but against the Cuban exile community in Miami.
  • September 19 - Great human being * September 24Iranian President Mohammad Khatami retracts a fatwa against Satanic Verses author Salman Rushdie that was in force since 1989 stating that the Iranian government will "neither support nor hinder assassination operations on Rushdie".

October[]

  • October 1Europol is established when the Europol Convention signed by all of its member states comes into force.
  • October 31998 Australian federal election: John Howard's Liberal/National Coalition Government is re-elected with a substantially reduced majority, defeating the Labor Party led by Kim Beazley.[14]
  • October 6Matthew Shepard, a gay University of Wyoming student, is beaten and left for dead outside of Laramie, Wyoming. The subsequent media coverage, followed by his death on October 12, opens a larger conversation on homophobia in the United States.
  • October 10Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet: General Augusto Pinochet, Chilean dictator from 1973 to 1990, is indicted for human rights violations he committed in Chile by Spanish magistrate Baltasar Garzón. 6 days later British police place him under house arrest during his medical treatment in the UK. This is a leading case in the law of universal jurisdiction.
  • October 171998 Jesse pipeline explosion: An oil pipeline explosion in Jesse, Nigeria results in 1,082 deaths.
  • October 29
    • Hurricane Mitch makes landfall in Central America, killing an estimated 11,000 people.
    • STS-95: Former astronaut John Glenn returns to space, as a payload specialist.

November[]

  • November 11Tencent, a multinational technology company, is founded in Shenzhen, China.[page needed]
  • November 17Voyager 1 overtakes Pioneer 10 as the most distant man-made object from the Solar System, at a distance of 69.419 AU (1.03849×1010 km).
  • November 20 – A Russian Proton rocket is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, carrying the first segment of the International Space Station, the 21-ton Zarya Module.
  • November 24 – A declassified report by Swiss International Olympic Committee official Marc Hodler reveals that bribes had been used to bring the 2002 Winter Olympics to Salt Lake City during bidding process in 1995. The IOC, the Salt Lake Organizing Committee, the United States Olympic Committee and the United States Department of Justice immediately launch an investigation into the scandal.

December[]

STS-88 maneuvering towards the Zarya module of the International Space Station
  • December 4 – The Space Shuttle Endeavour launches the first American component to the International Space Station, the 25,600 pounds (11,600 kg) Unity module on STS-88. It docks with Zarya two days later.
  • December 6Hugo Chávez, politician and former member of the Venezuelan military, is elected President of Venezuela.
  • December 14 – The Yugoslav Army ambushes a column of 140 Kosovo Liberation Army militants attempting to smuggle arms from Albania into Kosovo, killing 36.
  • December 16Iraq disarmament crisis: U.S. President Bill Clinton orders airstrikes on Iraq. UNSCOM withdraws all weapons inspectors from Iraq.
  • December 19 – The U.S. House of Representatives forwards articles of impeachment against President Clinton to the Senate, making him the second president to be impeached in the nation's history.
  • December 29Khmer Rouge leaders apologize for the post-Vietnam War genocide in Cambodia that killed more than one million people in the 1970s.
  • December 31
    • The first leap second since June 30, 1997, occurs.
    • In the Eurozone, the currency rates of this day are fixed permanently.

Date unknown[]

  • Ibrahim Hanna, the last native speaker of Mlahsô, dies in Qamishli, Syria, making the language effectively extinct. Also, the last native speaker of related Bijil Neo-Aramaic, Mrs. Rahel Avraham, dies in Jerusalem.[15]
  • In Australia, The Wiggles re-release three videos after the video release of The Wiggles Movie, including Yummy Yummy, Wiggle Time, and Wiggledance!.[16] However, Yummy Yummy and Wiggle Time contains new footage, as they have been re-recorded, Wiggledance! cuts out the song "Vini Vini".

Births[]

Births
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January[]

XXXTentacion
  • January 1Sara Ahmed, Egyptian weightlifter
  • January 2Timothy Fosu-Mensah, Dutch footballer
  • January 3Patrick Cutrone, Italian footballer[17]
  • January 4Liza Soberano, Filipino actress and singer
  • January 9Kerris Dorsey, American actress and singer
  • January 11
  • January 12Juan Foyth, Argentine footballer
  • January 13Gabrielle Daleman, Canadian figure skater
  • January 17Anthony Zambrano, Colombian sprinter
  • January 18
  • January 20Frances Tiafoe, American tennis player
  • January 23
    • XXXTentacion, American rapper (d. 2018)
    • Cole Custer, NASCAR Driver
  • January 28Ariel Winter, American actress and voice actress
  • January 31
    • Amadou Haidara, Malian footballer
    • Bradie Tennell, American figure skater

February[]

Khalid
  • February 3Yang Hao, Chinese diver
  • February 4
    • Scott Jones, English paralympic athlete
    • Malik Monk, American basketball player
  • February 8Rui Hachimura, Japanese basketball player
  • February 11Khalid, American singer and songwriter
  • February 14Sander Berge, Norwegian footballer
  • February 15
    • Zachary Gordon, American actor
    • George Russell, British racing driver
  • February 24Mariel Pamintuan, Filipino actress
  • February 24Ismaïla Sarr, Senegalese footballer
  • February 27Elisa Balsamo, Italian cyclist

March[]

Jayson Tatum
  • March 3Jayson Tatum, American basketball player
  • March 4Obi Toppin, American basketball player
  • March 5Merih Demiral, Turkish footballer
  • March 7Amanda Gorman, American poet and activist
  • March 10Justin Herbert, American football quarterback
  • March 13Jack Harlow, American rapper
  • March 18
    • Zane Waddell, South African swimmer
    • Abigail Cowen, American actress
  • March 19Sakura Miyawaki, Japanese singer, former member of IZ*ONE
  • March 22Paola Andino, Puerto-Rican-American actress
  • March 25Vergil Ortiz Jr., American professional boxer
  • March 26
    • Daria Grushina, Russian ski jumper
    • Satoko Miyahara, Japanese figure skater
  • March 30
  • March 31Anna Seidel, German short track speed skater

April[]

Peyton List
Elle Fanning
  • April 3Paris Jackson, American actress and model
  • April 6
    • Peyton List, American actress and model
    • Spencer List, American actor
  • April 8Renan Lodi, Brazilian footballer
  • April 9Elle Fanning, American actress and model
  • April 10
    • Anna Pogorilaya, Russian figure skater
    • Fedor Chalov, Russian footballer
  • April 15Dorsa Derakhshani, Iranian chess player
  • April 19Patrik Laine, Finnish ice hockey player
  • April 21Jarrett Allen, American basketball player
  • April 24Ryan Newman, American actress and model
  • April 26Jan-Krzysztof Duda, Polish chess grandmaster
  • April 30Olivia DeJonge, Australian actress

May[]

Markelle Fultz
Jimmy Donaldson
  • May 2Jonathan Ikoné, French footballer
  • May 5
  • May 7
    • Jimmy Donaldson, American YouTuber
    • Dani Olmo, Spanish footballer
  • May 12Mohamed Bamba, American basketball player
  • May 18Polina Edmunds, American figure skater
  • May 19Alex Král, Czech footballer
  • May 23
    • Salwa Eid Naser, Bahraini track and field sprinter
    • Steve Lacy, American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer
  • May 28Dahyun, South Korean singer, rapper, and dancer
  • May 29
    • Markelle Fultz, American basketball player
    • Lucía Gil, Spanish singer and actress

June[]

Houssem Aouar
  • June 1Aleksandra Soldatova, Russian rhythmic gymnast
  • June 5
    • Yulia Lipnitskaya, former Russian figure skater
    • Maxim Burov, Russian freestyle skier
  • June 11Charlie Tahan, American actor
  • June 15Alexander Samarin, Russian figure skater
  • June 16
    • Ritsu Doan, Japanese footballer
    • Lauren Taylor, American actress and singer
  • June 19
    • Suzu Hirose, Japanese actress and model
    • Atticus Shaffer, American actor
  • June 23Josip Brekalo, Croatian footballer
  • June 24Pierre-Luc Dubois, Canadian ice hockey player
  • June 25Kyle Chalmers, Australian swimmer
  • June 29Michael Porter Jr., American basketball player
  • June 30Houssem Aouar, French footballer

July[]

Jaden Smith
Maya Hawke
  • July 3Pedro Piquet, Brazilian racing driver
  • July 7Dylan Sprayberry, American actor
  • July 8
    • Maya Hawke, American actress and model
    • Jaden Smith, American rapper, singer, songwriter, and actor
    • Daria Spiridonova, Russian artistic gymnast
  • July 9Robert Capron, American actor
  • July 10
    • Kimia Alizadeh, Iranian taekwondo athlete
    • Haley Pullos, American actress
  • July 12Shai Gilgeous-Alexander, Canadian basketball player
  • July 16Rina Matsuno, Japanese singer, model, and actress (d. 2017)
  • July 17 – Don Felipe de Marichalar y Borbón, Spanish noble
  • July 18
  • July 21Kim Magnus, South Korean Olympic cross-country skier
  • July 22
  • July 23Deandre Ayton, Bahamian basketball player
  • July 24Bindi Irwin, Australian television personality and conservationist
  • July 28Frank Ntilikina, French basketball player
  • July 30Gery-Nikol, Bulgarian singer
  • July 31Rico Rodriguez, American actor


August[]

Shawn Mendes
Stefanos Tsitsipas
China Anne McClain
  • August 2Giarnni Regini-Moran, British artistic gymnast
  • August 3Cozi Zuehlsdorff, American actress, pianist, and singer
  • August 4Lil Skies, American rapper
  • August 5
  • August 8
    • Shawn Mendes, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • Ryan Garcia, American professional boxer
  • August 9
    • Jorrit Croon, Dutch hockey player
    • Panagiotis Retsos, Greek footballer
  • August 10
  • August 11Juan Miguel Echevarría, Cuban long jumper
  • August 12
    • Stefanos Tsitsipas, Greek tennis player
    • Rudy Pankow, American actor
  • August 13
    • Arina Averina, Russian rhythmic gymnast
    • Dina Averina, Russian rhythmic gymnast
    • Carter Hart, Canadian ice hockey goaltender
  • August 18
    • Tenshin Nasukawa, Japanese kickboxer and mixed martial artist
    • Clairo, American singer-songwriter
  • August 24Marc Hirschi, Swiss cyclist
  • August 25
    • Abraham Mateo, Spanish singer and actor
    • China Anne McClain, American actress and singer[18]
  • August 27Kevin Huerter, American basketball player
  • August 28Weston McKennie, American footballer

September[]

Trae Young
  • September 5Matteo Rizzo, Italian figure skater
  • September 10Sheck Wes, American rapper
  • September 17Richard Wang, Canadian chess champion
  • September 18Christian Pulisic, American soccer player
  • September 19Trae Young, American basketball player
  • September 20Rashid Khan, Afghan cricket player
  • September 21
  • September 28
  • September 30Trevi Moran, American recording artist, singer and YouTube personality

October[]

Trent Alexander-Arnold
  • October 1Jehan Daruvala, Indian racing driver
  • October 5Exequiel Palacios, Argentinian footballer
  • October 7Trent Alexander-Arnold, English footballer
  • October 9
  • October 10
    • Nash Aguas, Filipino actor
    • Fabio Di Giannantonio, Italian motorcycle racer
  • October 17Erin Kellyman, British actress
  • October 22
    • Ianis Hagi, Romanian footballer
    • Roddy Ricch, American rapper
  • October 23Amandla Stenberg, American actress and singer
  • October 25
    • Lee Know, Korean vocalist
    • Juan Soto, Dominican baseball outfielder
  • October 27Dayot Upamecano, French footballer
  • October 28
    • Nolan Gould, American actor
    • Perrine Laffont, French mogul skier[19]
  • October 29
    • Maria Kharenkova, Russian artistic gymnast
    • Lance Stroll, Canadian racing driver

November[]

Sofia Kenin
  • November 1Marie-Antoinette Katoto, French footballer
  • November 2Elkie, South Korean based singer and actress
  • November 3Maddison Elliott, Australian paralympic swimmer[20]
  • November 4Achraf Hakimi, Moroccan footballer
  • November 12Elias Pettersson, Swedish ice hockey player
  • November 14Sofia Kenin, American tennis player[21]
  • November 15Hinako Shibuno, Japanese golfer
  • November 17
    • Devin Haney, American professional boxer
    • Kara Hayward, American actress
  • November 23Bradley Steven Perry, American actor
  • November 29Ayumu Hirano, Japanese snowboarder

December[]

Kylian Mbappe
  • December 2Juice Wrld, American rapper and singer (d. 2019)[22]
  • December 4Si Yajie, Chinese diver
  • December 5Conan Gray, American singer
  • December 6Joe Fraser, British artistic gymnast
  • December 8
    • Owen Teague, American actor
    • Matthew Wilson, Australian swimmer
    • Tanner Buchanan, American actor
  • December 14
  • December 16Zhou Jieqiong, Chinese singer
  • December 17Martin Ødegaard, Norwegian footballer
  • December 18Simona Quadarella, Italian swimmer
  • December 19Frans Jeppsson Wall, Swedish singer
  • December 20Kylian Mbappé, French football player
  • December 22
    • G Hannelius, American actress and singer
    • Casper Ruud, Norwegian tennis player
  • December 24Nikita Howarth, New Zealand paralympic swimmer
  • December 28Jared Gilman, American actor
  • December 29
    • Paris Berelc, American actress and model
    • Victor Osimhen, Nigerian footballer
    • Kaz Grala, American Race Car Driver
  • December 30

Deaths[]

Deaths
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January[]

Sonny Bono
Vladimir Prelog
  • January 1
    • Åke Seyffarth, Swedish speed skater (b. 1919)
    • Helen Wills, American tennis player (b. 1905)
  • January 4
    • Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia, Italian film director (b. 1894)
    • Mae Questel, American actress (b. 1908)
  • January 5Sonny Bono, American singer, actor, and politician (b. 1935)
  • January 6Georgy Sviridov, Soviet and Russian composer (b. 1915)
  • January 7Vladimir Prelog, Croatian chemist (b. 1906)
  • January 8Michael Tippett, English composer (b. 1905)
  • January 9Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist (b. 1918)
  • January 11Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (b. 1926)
  • January 15
    • Duncan McNaughton, Canadian Olympic athlete (b. 1910)
    • Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician and economist (b. 1898)
    • Junior Wells, American harmonica player (b. 1934)
  • January 19Carl Perkins, American guitarist (b. 1932)
  • January 21Jack Lord, American actor (b. 1920)
  • January 23
    • Hilla Limann, President of Ghana (b. 1934)
    • Alfredo Ormando, Italian writer (b. 1958)
  • January 26Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese musician and educator (b. 1898)
  • January 28Shotaro Ishinomori, Japanese manga artist (b. 1938)

February[]

George H. Hitchings
  • February 2
    • Haroun Tazieff, French volcanologist and geologist (b. 1914)
    • Raymond Cattell, British and American psychologist (b. 1905)
  • February 3Karla Faye Tucker, American convicted murderer (b. 1959)
  • February 6
    • Falco, Austrian rock musician (b. 1957)
    • Carl Wilson, American musician, singer, and songwriter (b. 1946)
    • Nazim al-Kudsi, 26th Prime Minister of Syria and 14th President of Syria (b. 1906)
  • February 8
    • Halldór Laxness, Icelandic writer (b. 1902)
    • Enoch Powell, British politician (b. 1912)
    • Julian Simon, American economist and author (b. 1932)
  • February 9Maurice Schumann, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1911)
  • February 17Ernst Jünger, German military hero, philosopher and entomologist (b. 1895)
  • February 23Philip Abbott, American actor (b. 1924)
  • February 24Henny Youngman, English-born comedian (b. 1906)
  • February 26Theodore Schultz, American economist (b. 1902)
  • February 27
    • George H. Hitchings, American scientist (b. 1905)
    • J. T. Walsh, American actor (b. 1943)
  • February 28Dermot Morgan, Irish actor and comedian (b. 1952)

March[]

Lloyd Bridges
Benjamin Spock
  • March 1Jean Marie Balland, French cardinal (b. 1934)
  • March 5Donald Woods, Canadian-American actor (b. 1906)
  • March 7
    • Josep Escolà, Spanish footballer (b. 1914)
    • Adem Jashari, Kosovo-Albanian militant separatist (b. 1955)
  • March 10Lloyd Bridges, American actor (b. 1913)
  • March 12
    • Judge Dread, English musician (b. 1945)
    • Beatrice Wood, American artist and ceramicist (b. 1893)
  • March 13
    • Bill Reid, Canadian artist (b. 1920)
    • Hans von Ohain, German physicist (b. 1911)
  • March 15
    • Benjamin Spock, American rower, pediatrician, and author (b. 1903)
    • Dušan Pašek, Slovak ice hockey player (b. 1960)
    • Tim Maia, Brazilian musician, songwriter and businessman (b. 1942)
  • March 16Derek Barton, British chemist (b. 1918)
  • March 25Daniel Massey, English actor (b. 1933)
  • March 27Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche, Austrian auto designer and businessman (b. 1909)
  • March 31Bella Abzug, American lawyer, feminist activist, and politician (b. 1920)

April[]

Pol Pot
Octavio Paz
Konstantinos Karamanlis
  • April 1
    • Gene Evans, American actor (b. 1920)
    • Rozz Williams, American singer (b. 1963)
  • April 3
    • Charles Lang, American cinematographer (b. 1901)
    • Rob Pilatus, German singer and dancer (b. 1965)
    • Wolf Vostell, German painter and sculptor (b. 1932)
  • April 5Cozy Powell, English rock drummer (b. 1947)
  • April 6
    • Rudy Dhaenens, Belgian road bicycle racer (b. 1961)
    • Wendy O. Williams, American singer (b. 1949)
    • Tammy Wynette, American singer (b. 1942)
  • April 11Rodney Harvey, American actor and model (b. 1967)
  • April 13Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and skysurfing pioneer (b. 1960)
  • April 15Pol Pot, 30th Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea and Cambodian Khmer Rouge leader (b. 1925)
  • April 16
  • April 17Linda McCartney, American photographer and musician (b. 1941)
  • April 18Terry Sanford, American politician (b. 1917)
  • April 19Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer (b. 1914)
  • April 21Jean-François Lyotard, French philosopher, sociologist, and literary theorist (b. 1924)
  • April 23
    • Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek politician (b. 1907)
    • James Earl Ray, American assassin (b. 1928)
  • April 25Christian Mortensen, Danish supercentenarian (b. 1882)
  • April 27
    • Carlos Castaneda, American anthropologist and author (b. 1925)
    • Anne Desclos, French writer (b. 1907)
  • April 30Nizar Qabbani, Syrian diplomat, poet and publisher (b. 1923)

May[]

Frank Sinatra
Barry Goldwater
  • May 1Eldridge Cleaver, American political activist and writer (b. 1935)
  • May 2
    • Justin Fashanu, British footballer (b. 1961)
    • Hide, Japanese musician (b. 1964)
    • Maidie Norman, American actress (b. 1912)
  • May 3
    • Gene Raymond, American actor (b. 1908)
    • Gojko Šušak, Croatian politician (b. 1945)
  • May 5Frithjof Schuon, Swiss author, poet and painter (b. 1907)
  • May 6
    • Chatichai Choonhavan, 17th Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1920)
    • Erich Mende, German politician (b. 1916)
  • May 7
    • Allan McLeod Cormack, South African–born physicist (b. 1924)
    • Eddie Rabbitt, American musician (b. 1941)
  • May 8Johannes Kotkas, Estonian heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestler (b. 1915)
  • May 9Alice Faye, American actress and singer (b. 1915)
  • May 10Clara Rockmore, American musician (b. 1911)
  • May 14
    • Marjory Stoneman Douglas, American conservationist and writer (b. 1890)
    • Frank Sinatra, American actor and singer (b. 1915)
  • May 15Naim Talu, 15th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1919)
  • May 19Sōsuke Uno, 47th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1922)
  • May 21Douglas Fowley, American actor (b. 1911)
  • May 22John Derek, American actor and film director (b. 1926)
  • May 28Phil Hartman, Canadian-American actor, writer, and comedian (b. 1948)
  • May 29
    • Orlando Anderson, American criminal and gangster (b. 1974)
    • Barry Goldwater, American politician (b. 1909)

June[]

  • June 2Junkyard Dog, American pro wrestler (b. 1952)
  • June 5Jeanette Nolan, American actress (b. 1911)
  • June 8Sani Abacha, 10th President of Nigeria (b. 1943)
  • June 9Lois Mailou Jones, African-American artist (b. 1905)
  • June 10Hammond Innes, English author (b. 1914)
  • June 11Dame Catherine Cookson, English author (b. 1906)
  • June 13Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (b. 1911)
  • June 20Conrad Schumann, East German border guard (b. 1942)
  • June 23Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish-American actress (b. 1911)
  • June 25Lounès Matoub, Algerian Berber singer (b. 1956)

July[]

Alan Shepard
  • July 3Danielle Bunten Berry, American software developer (b. 1949)
  • July 6Roy Rogers, American singer and actor (b. 1911)
  • July 8Lilí Álvarez, Spanish tennis player, author, and feminist (b. 1905
  • July 14Nguyễn Ngọc Loan, South Vietnamese general (b. 1930)
  • July 17Joseph Maher, Irish-born American actor (b. 1933)
  • July 21
    • Alan Shepard, American astronaut (b. 1923)
    • Robert Young, American actor (b. 1907)
  • July 22Hermann Prey, German bass-baritone (b. 1929)
  • July 27Binnie Barnes, British-born American actress (b. 1903)
  • July 29Jerome Robbins, American choreographer and director (b. 1918)
  • July 30Buffalo Bob Smith, American children's television host (b. 1917)

August[]

Todor Zhivkov
E. G. Marshall
Frederick Reines
  • August 1Eva Bartok, Hungarian actress (b. 1927)
  • August 2
    • Otto Bumbel, Brazilian professional football manager (b. 1914)
    • Shari Lewis, American ventriloquist (b. 1933)
  • August 3
    • Reizo Koike, Japanese swimmer (b. 1915)
    • Alfred Schnittke, Russian-born composer (b. 1934)
  • August 4Yury Artyukhin, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1930)
  • August 5
    • Otto Kretschmer, German U-boat commander (b. 1912)
    • Todor Zhivkov, 6th President of Bulgaria (b. 1911)
  • August 6André Weil, French mathematician (b. 1906)
  • August 8László Szabó, Hungarian chess grandmaster (b. 1917)
  • August 9Frankie Ruiz, American salsa singer and songwriter (b. 1958)
  • August 13
    • Nino Ferrer, French singer (b. 1934)
    • Julien Green, French-born American writer (b. 1900)
  • August 17
  • August 18Persis Khambatta, Indian actress and model (b. 1948)
  • August 19Vasily Arkhipov, Soviet Navy officer (b. 1926)
  • August 24E. G. Marshall, American actor (b. 1914)
  • August 25Lewis F. Powell Jr., American Supreme Court Justice (b. 1907)
  • August 26
    • Wade Dominguez, American actor, model, singer, and dancer (b. 1966)
    • Frederick Reines, American physicist (b. 1918)

September[]

Akira Kurosawa
Florence Griffith Joyner
  • September 2
    • Jackie Blanchflower, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1933)
    • Allen Drury, American writer (b. 1918)
  • September 5
    • Willem Drees Jr., Dutch politician (b. 1922)
    • Leo Penn, American actor and director (b. 1921)
  • September 6Akira Kurosawa, Japanese screenwriter, producer, and director (b. 1910)
  • September 8Leonid Kinskey, Russian-born actor (b. 1903)
  • September 9Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (b. 1943)
  • September 11Dane Clark, American actor (b. 1912)
  • September 13George Wallace, American politician (b. 1919)
  • September 14
  • September 15Fred Alderman, American sprint runner (b. 1905)
  • September 19Patricia Hayes, British character actress and comedian (b. 1909)
  • September 20Muriel Humphrey Brown, American politician (b. 1912)
  • September 21Florence Griffith Joyner, American athlete (b. 1959)
  • September 23Mary Frann, American actress (b. 1943)
  • September 26Betty Carter, American jazz singer (b. 1929)
  • September 30
    • Bruno Munari, Italian-born industrial designer (b. 1907)
    • Robert Lewis Taylor, American author (b. 1912)

October[]

Gene Autry
Roddy McDowall
  • October 2
    • Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and sports team owner (b. 1907)
    • Olin J. Eggen, American astronomer (b. 1919)
    • Olivier Gendebien, Belgian race car driver (b. 1924)
  • October 3Roddy McDowall, British-born American actor (b. 1928)
  • October 6Rolan Bykov, Soviet and Russian actor, director and producer (b. 1929)
  • October 9Ian Johnson, Australian cricketer (b. 1917)
  • October 10Clark Clifford, American lawyer and politician (b. 1906)
  • October 11Richard Denning, American actor (b. 1914)
  • October 12Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (b. 1976)
  • October 16Jon Postel, American Internet pioneer (b. 1943)
  • October 17Joan Hickson, British actress (b. 1906)
  • October 22Eric Ambler, British writer (b. 1909)
  • October 24Pino Dordoni, Italian athlete (b. 1926)
  • October 26Kenkichi Iwasawa, Japanese mathematician (b. 1917)
  • October 27Reidar Kvammen, Norwegian footballer (b. 1914)
  • October 28
    • Tommy Flowers, English engineer (b. 1905)
    • James Goldman, American writer (b. 1927)
  • October 29Ted Hughes, English poet (b. 1930)
  • October 30Apo Lazaridès, French cyclist (b. 1925)

November[]

Jean Marais
Stokely Carmichael
Esther Rolle
  • November 3Bob Kane, American comic book creator (b. 1915)
  • November 5Momoko Kōchi, Japanese actress (b. 1932)
  • November 6
  • November 8Jean Marais, French actor (b. 1913)
  • November 10
    • Jean Leray, French mathematician (b. 1906)
    • Mary Millar, British actress and singer (b. 1936)
  • November 13
    • Edwige Feuillère, French actress (b. 1907)
    • Valerie Hobson, English actress (b. 1917)
    • Red Holzman, American basketball coach (b. 1920)
    • Hendrik Timmer, Dutch sportsman (b. 1904)
  • November 15
    • Stokely Carmichael, Trinidadian-American civil rights activist (b. 1941)
    • Ludvík Daněk, Czechoslovak discus thrower (b. 1937)
  • November 17
    • Efim Geller, Soviet chess player and grandmaster (b. 1925)
    • Esther Rolle, American actress (b. 1920)
  • November 19
    • Louis Dumont, French anthropologist (b. 1911)
    • Alan J. Pakula, American film director (b. 1928)
  • November 20
    • Roland Alphonso, Jamaican musician (b. 1931)
    • Galina Starovoytova, Soviet dissident (b. 1946)
  • November 22Stu Ungar, American professional poker player (b. 1953)
  • November 25Flip Wilson, American actor and comedian (b. 1933)

December[]

Irene Hervey
Alan Hodgkin
  • December 1Freddie Young, American cinematographer (b. 1902)
  • December 2Mikio Oda, Japanese athlete (b. 1905)
  • December 6César Baldaccini, French sculptor (b. 1921)
  • December 7Martin Rodbell, American scientist (b. 1925)
  • December 8Michael Craze, British actor (b 1942)
  • December 9Archie Moore, American professional boxer (b. 1916)
  • December 12Lawton Chiles, American politician (b. 1930)
  • December 14Norman Fell, American actor (b. 1924)
  • December 16William Gaddis, American writer (b. 1922)
  • December 18Lev Dyomin, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1926)
  • December 20
    • Irene Hervey, American actress (b. 1909)
    • Alan Hodgkin, British scientist (b. 1914)
  • December 23
    • David Manners, Canadian-American actor (b. 1900)
    • Michelle Thomas, American actress and comedian (b. 1968)
  • December 25
    • Richard Paul, American actor (b. 1940)
    • John Pulman, English snooker player (b. 1923)
  • December 29Don Taylor, American actor and film director (b. 1920)
  • December 30Keisuke Kinoshita, Japanese film director (b. 1912)

Nobel Prizes[]

Nobel medal.png
  • PhysicsRobert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Störmer, Daniel Chee Tsui
  • ChemistryWalter Kohn, John Pople
  • MedicineRobert F. Furchgott, Louis J. Ignarro, Ferid Murad
  • LiteratureJosé Saramago
  • PeaceJohn Hume and David Trimble
  • Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred NobelAmartya Sen

Fields Medal[]

  • Richard Ewen Borcherds, William Timothy Gowers, Maxim Kontsevich, Curtis T. McMullen

References[]

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  2. ^ "Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. August 22, 2008. Archived from the original on April 7, 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2008.
  3. ^ Institute of Medicine (US) Immunization Safety Review Committee (May 17, 2004). Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autism. Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.17226/10997. ISBN 978-0-309-09237-1. PMID 20669467. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2007.
  4. ^ "MMR The facts". NHS Immunisation Information. 2004. Archived from the original on January 7, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Flaherty DK (October 2011). "The vaccine-autism connection: a public health crisis caused by unethical medical practices and fraudulent science". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 45 (10): 1302–4. doi:10.1345/aph.1Q318. PMID 21917556. S2CID 39479569.
  6. ^ Boseley, Sarah (August 21, 2018). "Resurgence of deadly measles blamed on low MMR vaccination rates". The Guardian. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  7. ^ "Inside Indonesia – Digest 86 – Towards a mapping of 'at risk' groups in Indonesia". serve.com. Archived from the original on September 20, 2000.
  8. ^ "[INDONESIA-L] DIGEST - The May Riot". ohiou.edu. Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  9. ^ "ASIET NetNews Number 20 – June 1-7, 1998". asia-pacific-solidarity.net. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  10. ^ Donald L. Horowitz (2013). Constitutional Change and Democracy in Indonesia. Cambridge University Press. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-107-35524-8.
  11. ^ Collins 2002 Archived February 13, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, p. 597.
  12. ^ McClennan, Peter (December 1998). Sydney Water Inquiry: Final Report (PDF). 2 (Fifth Report ed.). Sydney: NSW Premier's Department. ISBN 0-7313-3073-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 15, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
  13. ^ "The History Of Google – Searching The World" (notes), Matt Jacks, January 10, 2005, webpage: WAH-HGoogle Archived April 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  14. ^ "1998 Federal Election".
  15. ^ "Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic". endangeredlanguages.com. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 23, 2017.
  16. ^ "Powerhouse Museum – The Wiggles Videography". Powerhouse Museum. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
  17. ^ "Patrick Cutrone". UEFA.com. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  18. ^ "Disney Channel Bio – China Anne McClain". Disney Channel Medianet. Archived from the original on November 28, 2011.
  19. ^ "Laffont, Perrine". FIS. Retrieved March 1, 2020.
  20. ^ "Maddison Elliott". Australia: Australian Paralympic Committee. 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.
  21. ^ "Sonya Kenin Biography". Sonya Kenin. Retrieved August 30, 2020.
  22. ^ Coscarelli, Joe; Garcia, Sandra E. (December 8, 2019). "Juice WRLD, Rising Rap Artist, Dies at 21". The New York Times. Retrieved December 9, 2019.

External links[]

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