3 (New York City Subway service)

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"3" train symbol
Seventh Avenue Express
New Lots ShenanigansR62 (3) Train.jpg
A New Lots Avenue bound 3 train of R62s entering Van Siclen Avenue
Map of the "3" train
Northern endHarlem–148th Street
Southern endNew Lots Avenue (daytime)
Times Square–42nd Street (late nights)
Stations34
9 (late night service)
Rolling stock260 R62s (26 trains)[1]
(Rolling stock assignments subject to change)
DepotLivonia Yard
Started serviceNovember 23, 1904; 116 years ago (1904-11-23)
Route map

Legend
Down arrow  3 
Harlem–148th Street
145th Street (first 5 cars only)
135th Street
125th Street
116th Street
Central Park North–110th Street
"1" train Uptown & the Bronx via Broadway-7th Avenue
96th Street
bypassed local section
86th Street
79th Street
72nd Street
bypassed local section
Times Square–42nd Street
Up arrow  3  nights
34th Street–Penn Station MTA NYC logo.svg NJ Transit Amtrak
bypassed local section
14th Street Port Authority Trans-Hudson
bypassed local section
Chambers Street
"1" train Downtown via Broadway-7th Avenue
Park Place
Fulton Street
Wall Street
Clark Street
Borough Hall
Disabled access
northbound only
for 4 and ​5 trains
Hoyt Street
Nevins Street
Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center MTA NYC logo.svg
Bergen Street
Grand Army Plaza
Eastern Parkway–Brooklyn Museum
Franklin Avenue–Medgar Evers College
Nostrand Avenue
Kingston Avenue
Crown Heights–Utica Avenue
Up arrow  4  ( 5  limited)
Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road
Saratoga Avenue
Rockaway Avenue
Junius Street
Pennsylvania Avenue
Van Siclen Avenue
New Lots Avenue
Up arrow  3 
( 2  ​​ 4  5  limited)
Legend

Lines used by the "3" train
Other services sharing tracks with the "3" train
Unused lines, connections, or service patterns
 3 
Termini of services

Cross-platform interchange

Platforms on different levels

The 3 Seventh Avenue Express[2] is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored red since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.[3]

The 3 operates at all times. Daytime service operates between 148th Street in Harlem, Manhattan and New Lots Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn, making express stops in Manhattan and all stops in Brooklyn. Late night service short turns at Times Square–42nd Street in Midtown Manhattan.

The 3 train formerly ran to City Hall or South Ferry in Manhattan, and was later rerouted to Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College in Brooklyn. In 1983, it was rerouted to New Lots Avenue.

Service history[]

Early history[]

R12 IRT 3.gif
Rollsign used on the ends of R12 through R36 cars
3 (1967-1979 New York City Subway bullet).svg
1967–1979 bullet

On November 23, 1904, the IRT Lenox Avenue Line opened between 96th Street and 145th Street. 3 trains ran between 145th Street and City Hall, making all stops.[4]

On July 1, 1918, the entire IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line was completed. 3 trains were rerouted south of 42nd Street from the IRT Lexington Avenue Line to this new line. They now made all stops to South Ferry.[4]

As of 1934, 3 service operated between 145th Street and South Ferry except late nights, when service operated between 145th Street and 96th Street, making local stops.[citation needed]

Under the New York City Transit Authority[]

On January 3, 1955, late night two-car shuttle service between 145th Street and 96th Street, between 12:12 and 6:57 a.m. was discontinued due to low ridership. As a result, 145th Street was closed overnight. In addition, some 3 trains started running express in Manhattan during rush hours.[5] These trains were extended to Flatbush Avenue; a few layups and put-ins ran to New Lots Avenue.[4] However, from December 20, 1957, 3 trains were rerouted to New Lots Avenue during rush hours. On February 6, 1959, all trains except late nights made express stops in Manhattan as part of the "West Side Improvement" and ran to Flatbush Avenue.[4]

Starting April 8, 1960, 3 trains were rerouted from Flatbush Avenue to New Lots Avenue, and weekday evening service between 9 p.m. and 1 a.m. was cut to a shuttle between 145th Street and 135th Street. Before the change, 3 trains had run between 145th Street and Flatbush Avenue between about 5:30 a.m. and 12:45 a.m. on weekdays and Saturdays, and from about 7:15 a.m. to 12:45 a.m. on Sundays. This service had been supplemented by additional service to and from New Lots Avenue.[6][7]

However, on April 18, 1965, 3 service started to run to Flatbush Avenue again.[4] On October 17, 1965, weekend evening service was also cut to a shuttle between 145th Street and 135th Street.

On May 13, 1968, trains were extended to the newly completed 148th Street–Lenox Terminal.[8] Later that year, on November 12, late night shuttle service was implemented between 148th Street and 135th Street.[9] On May 23, 1976, the current practice of starting Sunday service late (9 or 10 a.m.) began.[4]

On July 10, 1983, the 2 and 3 trains swapped terminal in Brooklyn, with 2 trains terminating at Flatbush Avenue and 3 trains terminating at New Lots Avenue. These changes were made to reduce non-revenue subway car mileage, to provide a dedicated fleet for each service, and to provide an easily accessible inspection yard for each service. The change allowed the 2 to be dedicated to 239th Street Yard and allowed the 3 to be assigned to Livonia Yard. With the rerouting of 3 trains, train lengths along the New Lots Line were reduced from 10 cars to 9 cars, within acceptable crowding levels, and train lengths along the Nostrand Avenue Line were increased from 9 to 10 cars, reducing crowding.[10][11]

Beginning on August 5, 1990, late-night shuttles between 148th Street and 135th Street were discontinued and replaced by shuttle buses. On September 4, 1994, late-night shuttles between 148th Street and 135th Street were resumed, but were discontinued again on September 10, 1995.[12] This was a cost-saving measure due to low ridership.[13]

From March 2[14] to October 12, 1998, the IRT Lenox Avenue Line was rehabilitated. Most 3 service was rerouted to 137th Street–City College.[15]

Recent history[]

After September 11, 2001, the 3 service became a local in Manhattan. After a few switching delays at 96th Street, service was changed on September 19, 2001. It ran in Manhattan as an express between Harlem–148th Street and 14th Street and was replaced by 1 service in Brooklyn. Service returned to New Lots Avenue on September 15, 2002.[4]

On July 27, 2008, late night 3 service was restored, operating express between 148th Street and Times Square–42nd Street. In addition, late morning weekday service was increased from running every 6 to 8 minutes to running every 5 to 7 minutes to reduce crowding on the 2. These increases were made as part of an $8.9 million package of systemwide service enhancements.[16][17]

As a result of planned repairs to Hurricane Sandy-related damage in the Clark Street Tube, on weekends from June 17, 2017 to June 24, 2018, the 3 operated only in Manhattan between Harlem-148th Street and 14th Street with 4 trains providing service in Brooklyn.[18][19]

On November 17, 2019, New York City Transit cut weekday evening 3, 4 and 5 service in order to accommodate planned subway work. This change, which was approved by the MTA Board on June 27, 2019, started late night 3 service to Times Square an hour earlier, at 10:30 p.m. instead of 11:30 p.m. To replace 3 service, 4 service was extended to New Lots Avenue. These changes in service were expected to save the agency $900,000 annually.[20][21]

Route[]

Service pattern[]

The following table shows the lines used by the 3, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[22]

hideLine From To Tracks Times
all ex. nights late nights
IRT Lenox Avenue Line (full line) Harlem–148th Street Central Park North–110th Street all    
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line 96th Street Times Square–42nd Street express
34th Street–Penn Station Chambers Street  
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, Brooklyn Branch Park Place Borough Hall all
IRT Eastern Parkway Line (full line) Hoyt Street Crown Heights–Utica Avenue local
IRT New Lots Line (full line) Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road New Lots Avenue all

Stations[]

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.[2]

hideStation service legend
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops weekdays only Stops weekdays only
Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only
Station closed Station closed
Stops rush hours in peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service)
Stops rush hours in reverse-peak direction only Stops rush hours in the reverse-peak direction only (limited service)
Time period details
Disabled access Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
Disabled access ↑ Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
Disabled access ↓
Aiga elevator.svg Elevator access to mezzanine only
hide3 service Stations Disabled access Subway transfers Connections/Notes
Manhattan
Lenox Avenue Line
Stops all times Harlem–148th Street
Stops all times 145th Street Access to and from first five cars of southbound trains, and from first five cars of northbound trains only; no northbound entry.
Some southbound a.m. rush hour trips begin at this station
Stops all times 135th Street Disabled access 2 all times
Stops all times 125th Street 2 all times M60 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
Stops all times 116th Street 2 all times
Stops all times Central Park North–110th Street 2 all times
Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line
Stops all times 96th Street Disabled access 1 all times2 all times
Stops all times 72nd Street Disabled access 1 all times2 all times
Stops all times Times Square–42nd Street Disabled access 1 all times ���2 all times
7 all times <7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction​ (IRT Flushing Line)
A all timesC all except late nightsE all times (IND Eighth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal)
N all timesQ all timesR all except late nightsW weekdays only (BMT Broadway Line)
S all except late nights (42nd Street Shuttle)
B Weekday rush hours, middays and early eveningsD all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM Weekday rush hours, middays and early evenings (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Bryant Park, daytime only)
Port Authority Bus Terminal
M34A Select Bus Service
Stops all times except late nights 34th Street–Penn Station Disabled access 1 all times2 all times M34 / M34A Select Bus Service
Amtrak, LIRR and NJ Transit at Pennsylvania Station
Stops all times except late nights 14th Street 1 all times2 all times
F all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM Weekday rush hours, middays and early evenings (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 14th Street)
L all times (BMT Canarsie Line at Sixth Avenue)
PATH at 14th Street
M14A/D Select Bus Service
Stops all times except late nights Chambers Street Disabled access 1 all times2 all times
Brooklyn branch
Stops all times except late nights Park Place Elevator access to mezzanine only 2 all times
A all timesC all except late nights (IND Eighth Avenue Line at Chambers Street)
E all times (IND Eighth Avenue Line at World Trade Center)
R all except late nightsW weekdays only (BMT Broadway Line at Cortlandt Street)
PATH at World Trade Center
Stops all times except late nights Fulton Street Disabled access 2 all times
4 all times5 all except late nights (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)
A all timesC all except late nights (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
J all timesZ rush hours, peak direction (BMT Nassau Street Line)
PATH at World Trade Center
Stops all times except late nights Wall Street 2 all times M15 Select Bus Service
Staten Island Ferry at Whitehall Terminal
Brooklyn
Stops all times except late nights Clark Street Elevator access to mezzanine only 2 all times NYC Ferry: East River and South Brooklyn routes (at Old Fulton Street and Furman Street)
Stops all times except late nights Borough Hall Disabled access 2 all times
4 all times5 weekdays only (IRT Eastern Parkway Line)
R all timesW limited rush hour service only (BMT Fourth Avenue Line at Court Street)
Eastern Parkway Line
Stops all times except late nights Hoyt Street 2 all times
Stops all times except late nights Nevins Street 2 all times ​​4 all times5 weekdays only
Stops all times except late nights Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center Disabled access 2 all times ​​4 all times5 weekdays only
B Weekday rush hours, middays and early eveningsQ all times (BMT Brighton Line)
D all timesN all timesQ limited rush hour service onlyR all timesW limited rush hour service only (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)
LIRR Atlantic Branch at Atlantic Terminal
Stops all times except late nights Bergen Street 2 all times ​​4 limited rush hour service only
Stops all times except late nights Grand Army Plaza 2 all times ​​4 limited rush hour service only
Stops all times except late nights Eastern Parkway–Brooklyn Museum Disabled access 2 all times ​​4 limited rush hour service only
Stops all times except late nights Franklin Avenue–Medgar Evers College 2 all times ​​4 all times5 weekdays only
S all times (BMT Franklin Avenue Line at Botanic Garden)
Stops all times except late nights Nostrand Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service only5 one weekday a.m. rush hour trip in the northbound direction only B44 Select Bus Service
Stops all times except late nights Kingston Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service only5 one weekday a.m. rush hour trip in the northbound direction only
Stops all times except late nights Crown Heights–Utica Avenue Disabled access 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 all times5 limited rush hour service only B46 Select Bus Service
New Lots Line
Stops all times except late nights Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only B15 bus to JFK Int'l Airport
Stops all times except late nights Saratoga Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only
Stops all times except late nights Rockaway Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only
Stops all times except late nights Junius Street 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only
Out-of-system transfer with MetroCard/OMNY:
L all times (BMT Canarsie Line at Livonia Avenue)
Stops all times except late nights Pennsylvania Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only
Stops all times except late nights Van Siclen Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only
Stops all times except late nights New Lots Avenue 2 limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak direction ​​4 limited rush hour service in the peak direction5 limited a.m. rush hour service in the northbound direction only B15 bus to JFK Int'l Airport

References[]

  1. ^ "Subdivision 'A' Car Assignments: Cars Required April 27, 2020" (PDF). The Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 63 (6): 14. July 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b "3 Subway Timetable, Effective September 13, 2020". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved December 9, 2020.
  3. ^ "Mta.info | Line Colors".
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "NYCT Line by Line History". erictb.info. Retrieved October 23, 2016.
  5. ^ "Subway Cut Is Explained By Official". New York Amsterdam News. December 18, 1954 – via Proquest.
  6. ^ Friedlander, Alex; Lonto, Arthur; Raudenbush, Henry (April 1960). "A Summary of Services on the IRT Division, NYCTA" (PDF). New York Division Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 3 (1): 3.
  7. ^ "IRT Changes in Service -- April 8, 1960" (PDF). New York Division Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 3 (1): 3. April 1960.
  8. ^ "IRT Passengers Get New 148th St. Station". The New York Times. May 14, 1968. p. 95. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  9. ^ Another Transit Improvement... Line 3 (7 Ave. Lenox Shuttle) All Night Service, New York City Transit Authority, 1968, retrieved June 30, 2021
  10. ^ "New IRT Schedules - Increased Service to Flatbush Avenue". New York Division Bulletin. July 1983.
  11. ^ "Notice of Public Hearing". New York Amsterdam News. February 26, 1983. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  12. ^ "Coming Transit Reductions: What They Mean for You," The New York Times, August 20, 1995, p. CY10
  13. ^ Bleyer, Jennifer (July 17, 2005). "In a City That Never Sleeps, Two Stations That Doze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  14. ^ Christian, Nichole M. (March 3, 1998). "Subway Line Repairs Start With Confusion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
  15. ^ "About NYC Transit - History". October 19, 2002. Archived from the original on October 19, 2002. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  16. ^ "Service Enhancements on 3 Line" (Press release). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
  17. ^ Neuman, William (June 19, 2008). "Subway Service Increase to Be Less Than Hoped". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  18. ^ "Transit & Bus Committee Meeting December 2016" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 12, 2016. pp. PDF-169 to PDF-175. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 10, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  19. ^ "Clark St Tunnel Reconstruction Weekend Service Changes". web.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 8, 2017. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
  20. ^ "Transit and Bus Committee Meeting June 2019" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 24, 2019. p. 94-97. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  21. ^ "5 Subway Timetable Effective November 17, 2019". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 17, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  22. ^ "Subway Service Guide" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.

External links[]

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