OMNY

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

OMNY
OMNY logo.svg
LocationNew York City, United States
LaunchedMay 31, 2019
PredecessorMetroCard
Technology
  • Contactless payment
OperatorCubic Transportation Systems
ManagerMetropolitan Transportation Authority
CurrencyUnited States dollar
Validity
  • MTA bus routes
  • New York City Subway
  • Staten Island Railway
Websiteomny.info

OMNY (/ɒmˈni/ [OM-nee], short for One Metro New York) is a contactless fare payment system, currently being implemented for use on public transit in New York City and the surrounding area. When OMNY is completely rolled out, it will replace the MetroCard on the New York City Subway, the Staten Island Railway, PATH trains, MTA buses, Bee-Line buses, and NICE buses. OMNY will also expand beyond the current scope of the MetroCard to the Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North Railroad. As of December 31, 2020, OMNY is available on all MTA buses and at all subway stations.

The MetroCard, a magnetic stripe card, was first introduced in 1993 and was used to pay fares on MTA subways and buses, as well as on other networks such as the PATH train. Two limited contactless-payment trials were conducted around the New York City area in 2006 and in 2010. However, formal planning for a full replacement of the MetroCard did not start until 2016.

The OMNY system is designed by San Diego-based Cubic Transportation Systems, using technology licensed from Transport for London's Oyster card. OMNY began its public rollout in May 2019, with contactless bank cards and mobile payments accepted at select subway stations and on buses in Staten Island. The Staten Island Railway received OMNY readers in December 2019, and rollout on the New York City Subway and on MTA buses was completed on December 31, 2020, after having been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The MTA expects to begin offering OMNY contactless cards in 2021, along with reduced-fare and time-based fare options. Full deployment to other NYC-area transit systems is expected by 2023, after which MetroCard will be completely phased out.

Predecessors[]

Previous fare media[]

Contactless trial on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, 2007

Subway tokens had been used as the MTA subway and bus systems' form of fare payment since the 1950s. MetroCards made by Cubic Transportation Systems started to replace the tokens in 1992; the MetroCards used magnetic stripes to encode the fare payment. By 2003, the MetroCard was the exclusive method of fare payment systemwide.[1]

Payment system trials[]

MasterCard and Citibank funded a trial of contactless payments, branded as PayPass. The trial was conducted at 25 subway stations, mostly on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line,[a] beginning in July 2006. The trial was limited to select Citibank cardholders, but it proved popular enough to be extended past its original end date of December 2006.[2][3][4][5]

In light of the success of the first contactless payment trial in 2006, another trial was conducted from June to November 2010.[6][7] The 2010 trial initially only supported MasterCard-branded cards, expanding to Visa PayWave cards in August.[8][9] The 2010 trial eventually expanded to include multiple Manhattan bus routes, two New Jersey Transit bus routes, and most PATH stations.[b]

Proposal[]

OMNY readers at Canal Street, 2019

In 2016, the MTA announced that it would begin designing a new contactless fare payment system to replace the MetroCard.[10][11][12] The replacement system was initially planned for partial implementation in 2018 and full implementation by 2022.[13] In October 2017, the MTA started installing eTix-compatible electronic ticketing turnstiles in 14 stations in Manhattan. The eTix system, already used on the Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North Railroad, allows passengers to pay their fares using their phones. The system would originally be for MTA employees only.[14]

On October 23, 2017, it was announced that the MetroCard would be phased out and replaced by a contactless fare payment system also by Cubic, with fare payment being made using Android Pay, Apple Pay, Samsung Pay, debit/credit cards with near-field communication enabled, or radio-frequency identification cards.[15][16] The announcement called for a phased rollout, culminating in the discontinuation of the MetroCard by 2023.[16] The replacement fare system was criticized because the new turnstiles could be hacked, thereby leaving credit card and phone information vulnerable to theft.[17] The payment system would use technology licensed from Transport for London's Oyster card.[18]

Rollout[]

Staten Island buses were among the first to utilize OMNY readers[19]

In June 2018, the MTA revised the timeline for implementation of the then-unnamed new payment system. The first stage of implementation would take place in May 2019. In the second stage, all subway stations would receive OMNY readers by October 2020, in preparation for the third stage, which involved the launch of a prepaid OMNY card by February 2021.[20][21]:13 The fourth stage involved the installation of OMNY vending machines by March 2022,[21]:13 and the MetroCard would be discontinued in 2023.[22]

Initially, there were disagreements about what the payment system should be called; some executives wanted a "traditional" name that resembled the MetroCard's name, while others wanted more unusual names. Possible names included "MetroTap", "Tony", "Liberty" and "Pretzel". The name "OMNY" was eventually chosen as being "modern and universal".[23][24] The OMNY name was announced in February 2019.[25][26][27] "OMNY" is an acronym of "One Metro New York," intended to signify its eventual broad acceptance across the New York metropolitan area.[27]

An internal trial launched in March 2019, involving over 1,100 MTA employees and 300 other participants. Over 1,200 readers were installed in subway stations and buses for the public trial, and the OMNY.info website was created.[21]:14–15[28] Weeks before the beginning of the public launch, $85.4 million had been spent on the project, out of a total budget of $644.7 million.[21]:14 The budget had risen to $677 million by June 2020 and to $732 million by November 2020.[29]:37 The budget was $772 million by June 2021.[30]:83

Buses and rapid transit[]

At a presentation in May 2019, the MTA's Capital Program Oversight Committee specified the following items to be implemented at an unspecified future date: launch a mobile app, add OMNY readers to Access-a-Ride paratransit vehicles, and add readers on Select Bus Service buses to support all-door boarding.[21]:17 However, the committee expressed concerns that some bank cards would not be accepted, and that OMNY transactions could take longer than MetroCard transactions, increasing crowding at turnstiles.[21]:21'All-door boarding at Select Bus Service routes with OMNY was to begin sometime in early 2020.[31]

OMNY launched to the public on May 31, 2019, on Staten Island buses and at 16 subway stations.[c] At first, OMNY only supported single-ride fares paid with contactless bank cards; mobile payments such as Apple Pay and Google Pay were also accepted, and free transfers between OMNY-enabled routes were available with the same transfer restrictions placed upon the MetroCard.[32][33][34] In June and July 2019, Mastercard offered "Fareback Fridays" to promote the system, where it would refund up to two rides made using OMNY on Fridays.[35][36] The OMNY system reached one million uses within its first 10 weeks and two million uses within 16 weeks.[37]:58 On one day in June, 18,000 taps were recorded from bank cards issued in 82 countries.[38]

In November 2019, the MTA announced its first expansion. Over the following month, 48 additional stations would be outfitted with OMNY readers the following month, thereby bringing the system to all five boroughs,[d] and by January 2020 the system would then be expanded to Manhattan bus routes.[37]:57 Furthermore, the MTA would begin launching pilot programs on Select Bus Service, the city's bus rapid transit system, and add self-service features.[37]:60 By then, over 3 million riders with bank cards from 111 countries had used OMNY.[39][40][41][37]:58 According to an internal MTA report, these riders had used over 460,000 unique payment methods between them, or about 2,000 new payment methods per day.[37]:58 With the implementation of OMNY on the Staten Island Railway in December 2019, public transit in Staten Island became fully OMNY-compatible.[42] The next month, MTA officials announced that OMNY had seen its 5-millionth use, and also that it would expand to 60 more subway stations by the end of the month.[d] In addition, the MTA launched a marketing campaign for OMNY.[43][44] After another expansion the next month, there were over 180 OMNY-equipped stations and OMNY had been used over 7 million times.[45] This grew to 10 million uses by the time yet another expansion was announced in March.[46]

No new OMNY installations were added from March to June 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.[47] The pandemic delayed the target date for which OMNY would be implemented at all subway stations and MTA bus routes, which was pushed back from October to December 2020.[48][42] The COVID-19 pandemic also pushed back the implementation of fare cards on the New York City Transit system from February to September 2021, and that of in-system vending machines from March 2022 to February 2023.[29]:29 OMNY installation in Manhattan was completed in July 2020.[29]:29 By that September, two-thirds of subway stations were OMNY-equipped; this included all stations in the Bronx, Manhattan, and Staten Island, as well as buses in the latter two boroughs.[49][50] As of November 2020, there were 3,900 active OMNY readers. OMNY infrastructure was also installed in 2,666 buses, representing 44.9% of the total, with 6,400 OMNY readers installed.[29]:29 By December, OMNY had been rolled out to 458 subway stations, representing 97% of the total, and OMNY had been used 30 million times.[51] On December 31, 2020, the MTA announced that OMNY was active and available on all MTA buses and at all subway stations.[52][53][54] Unlimited ride options are not available but are planned for 2021.[55][56]

PATH and commuter rail[]

As of 2019, the MTA also plans to use OMNY in the Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North Railroad over "the next several years".[57] In June 2019, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey announced it was in talks with the MTA to implement OMNY on the PATH by 2022.[58] There are no plans for OMNY to be used on NJ Transit, which plans to implement a new fare payment system with a different contractor.[59]

Plans for OMNY installation on the LIRR and Metro-North were still being revised as of November 2020.[29]:31 The COVID-19 pandemic had pushed back the implementation of fare cards on the commuter railroads from February 2021 to June 2022, and that of in-system vending machines from March 2022 to June 2023.[29]:29 As of June 2021, there were delays in the commuter railroads' mobile ticketing system as well as vending machines. According to the MTA's independent engineering consultant, this could potentially delay full rollout of OMNY for six months from the original projected completion date of July 2023.[30]:82

Timeline[]

This list shows when direct entry by OMNY reader became possible on each bus line and subway segment. A green row indicates when a subway line fully implemented OMNY.

Line Stations Primary services Date
IRT Eastern Parkway Line Borough Hall/Court Street, Nevins Street, Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center "2" train​"3" train​"4" train​"5" train May 2019[32][33]
IRT Lexington Avenue Line Bowling Green to Grand Central–42nd Street "4" train​"5" train​"6" train"6" express train
Staten Island local and express bus routes
BMT Fourth Avenue Line 86th Street/4th Avenue "R" train December 2019[39][40]
BMT/IND Archer Avenue lines Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport "E" train​​"J" train​"Z" train
IND Eighth Avenue Line 34th Street–Penn Station "A" train​"C" train​"E" train
IRT 42nd Street Shuttle Times Square and Grand Central[e] 42nd Street Shuttle
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line South Ferry/Whitehall Street to 59th Street–Columbus Circle "1" train​"2" train​"3" train
IRT Jerome Avenue Line 138th Street–Grand Concourse to Woodlawn "4" train
IRT Lexington Avenue Line Lexington Avenue/51st–53rd Streets to 125th Street "4" train​"5" train​"6" train"6" express train
Staten Island Railway St. George and Tompkinsville[f] NYCS-bull-trans-SIR-Std.svg
IND Sixth Avenue Line 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center to Broadway–Lafayette Street "B" train​"D" train​"F" train"F" express train​"M" train January 2020[44]
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line 66th Street–Lincoln Center to Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street "1" train​"2" train​"3" train
IND Eighth Avenue Line Inwood–207th Street to High Street "A" train​"B" train​"C" train​"D" train​"E" train
Multiple Jay Street–MetroTech "A" train​"C" train​"F" train"F" express train​​"R" train
Seventh Avenue "B" train​"D" train​"E" train
IRT White Plains Road Line Third Avenue–149th Street to Wakefield–241st Street "2" train​"5" train February 2020[45][61][62]
IRT Pelham Line Third Avenue–138th Street to Pelham Bay Park "6" train"6" express train​
Manhattan bus routes March 2020[46][63]
IND Fulton Street Line Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets to Euclid Avenue "A" train​"C" train
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line Wall Street and Clark Street "2" train​"3" train
IRT Dyre Avenue Line Morris Park to Eastchester–Dyre Avenue "5" train
IRT Eastern Parkway Line Hoyt Street "2" train​"3" train
IRT Flushing Line Mets–Willets Point and Flushing–Main Street "7" train"7" express train​
IRT Lenox Avenue Line Central Park North–110th Street to Harlem–148th Street "2" train​"3" train
BMT Astoria Line Queensboro Plaza to Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard "N" train​"W" train June 2020[47]
BMT Broadway Line 49th Street to Fifth Avenue–59th Street "N" train​"Q" train​"R" train​"W" train
BMT Franklin Avenue Line Prospect Park to Park Place Franklin Avenue Shuttle
IND Rockaway Line
Howard Beach–JFK Airport
 "A" train
IND Sixth Avenue Line York Street "F" train"F" express train​
IRT Flushing Line 34th Street–Hudson Yards to 111th Street "7" train"7" express train​
63rd Street lines
Lexington Avenue–63rd Street
 "F" train"F" express train​​"Q" train By the end of June 2020[64]
IND Second Avenue Line 72nd Street to 96th Street "Q" train
IND Concourse Line 155th Street to Norwood–205th Street "B" train​"D" train July 2020[g]
IND Queens Boulevard Line
Fifth Avenue/53rd Street to Grand Avenue–Newtown
 "E" train​"F" train"F" express train​"M" train​"R" train
IRT Eastern Parkway Line
Hoyt Street to Crown Heights–Utica Avenue[g]
 "2" train​"3" train​"4" train​"5" train
IRT New Lots Line Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road to New Lots Avenue "3" train
IRT Nostrand Avenue Line President Street to Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College "2" train​"5" train
Manhattan local bus routes
IND 63rd Street Line Roosevelt Island and 21st Street–Queensbridge "F" train"F" express train​ August 2020[66]
BMT Canarsie Line
Third Avenue to Bedford Avenue
 "L" train
IND Queens Boulevard Line Woodhaven Boulevard to Jamaica–179th Street "E" train​"F" train"F" express train​"M" train​"R" train
BMT/IND Archer Avenue lines Jamaica–Van Wyck and Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer "E" train​​"J" train​"Z" train
BMT Nassau Street Line Broad Street and Bowery "J" train​"Z" train
IND Sixth Avenue Line Second Avenue to East Broadway, Grand Street, and 57th Street "B" train​"D" train​"F" train"F" express train​"M" train
BMT Canarsie Line Lorimer Street to Canarsie-Rockaway Parkway "L" train September 2020[67]
BMT Jamaica Line Marcy Avenue to 121st Street "J" train"M" train"Z" train​
IND Culver Line
Bergen Street to Smith–Ninth Streets
 "F" train"F" express train​"G" train
BMT Myrtle Avenue Line Central Avenue to Metropolitan Avenue "M" train October 2020[68]
Multiple
DeKalb Avenue
 "B" train​​"Q" train​​"R" train
IND Crosstown Line 21st Street to Fulton Street "G" train
IND Culver Line Fourth Avenue/Ninth Street to Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue "F" train"F" express train​"G" train
BMT Brighton Line
Seventh Avenue to Avenue J
 "B" train​"Q" train
Bronx local bus routes
BMT Brighton Line Avenue M to Ocean Parkway "B" train​"Q" train November 2020[69]
IND Fulton Street Line Grant Avenue to Ozone Park–Lefferts Boulevard "A" train
IND Rockaway Line Aqueduct Racetrack to Far Rockaway–Mott Avenue "A" train
Beach 90th Street to Rockaway Park–Beach 116th Street Rockaway Park Shuttle
BMT Fourth Avenue Line Union Street to Bay Ridge-95th Street "D" train​​"N" train​​"R" train
BMT West End Line
Ninth Avenue to 79th Street, Bay 50th Street
 "D" train
IRT Eastern Parkway Line Eastern Parkway–Brooklyn Museum "2" train​​"3" train December 2020[52][53]
BMT West End Line 18th Avenue to 25th Avenue "D" train
BMT Sea Beach Line 8th Avenue to 86th Street "N" train​"Q" train
Queens and Brooklyn bus routes

Transfers[]

Free transfers are allowed between MTA subways and most buses, if boarded within two hours. In order to allow for operation on vehicles disconnected from the MTA communications network, MetroCards store information about the transfer on the card itself.[70] Third-party digital wallets, debit cards, credit cards generally cannot store transit-specific information on the consumer card or device. OMNY solves this problem by only charging riders once a day,[71] after vehicles have had a chance to return to base and download boarding data. Though the second entry may display to the rider that the full fare is being charged, as long as the same device was used within the two-hour window, it is discounted when calculating the amount to actually be paid.[71]

Concerns[]

The oversight group Surveillance Technology Oversight Project (STOP) has stated concerns about the lack of privacy regulation in the OMNY system, specifically that trip data may be used by the New York City Police Department for police surveillance or might be shared with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to track undocumented immigrants.[72][73][74]

In February 2020, the MTA warned that some customers using Apple Pay's Express Transit feature might be accidentally double-charged if they were using a MetroCard. This occurred when riders unintentionally had their phones in proximity to the OMNY readers. At that point, the issue was relatively rare, having been reported 30 times.[75]

See also[]

  • New York City transit fares

Notes[]

  1. ^ The following subway stations participated in the 2006 trial:
  2. ^ The following bus routes and subway stations participated in the 2010 trial:
    • the IRT Lexington Avenue Line (4, ​5, ​6, and <6> trains) from 138th Street–Grand Concourse or Third Avenue–138th Street stations in the Bronx to Borough Hall station in Brooklyn,
    • the M14, M23, M79, M86, M101, M102, M103 New York City Transit local bus routes, and the BxM7 MTA Bus express bus route,
    • most of the PATH train stations (except for Christopher Street and 9th Street),
    • #6 (Ocean Avenue – Journal Square), #80 (Newark Avenue), and #87 (King Drive) New Jersey Transit bus routes.
    • A new route service was added at an unknown date: one was able to use the Newark Liberty International Airport's AirTrain monorail system to terminals A, B, and C and the long-term parking areas of the airport. However, this was only good for going to the airport, away from the Newark Liberty International Airport Station, and did not apply when leaving the airport, towards the station.
    Two options were available during this second trial for fare payment:
    • "pay-as-you-go" RFID card scan at select turnstiles or locations; or,
    • pre-funded fares via a pilot website called the "NY/NJ Transit Trial" for multiple and unlimited ride discounts. Pre-funded fares ceased to be available on the trial website on October 16, 2010, and the free trial ended on November 30, 2010.
  3. ^ All stations on the 4, ​5, ​6, and <6> trains between Grand Central–42nd Street and Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center were in the initial OMNY pilot.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b See § Timeline for a list of additional stations.
  5. ^ De facto implementation, as OMNY has been implemented on all stations that include this line.
  6. ^ These are the only two Staten Island Railway stations with turnstiles.[60]
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b In July 2020, all stations in the Bronx were equipped with OMNY. The only line where this had not been installed yet was the Concourse Line.[65] The entire A Division (numbered routes) was equipped with OMNY readers, except for the Eastern Parkway–Brooklyn Museum of the IRT Eastern Parkway Line, which was undergoing renovations at the time.[50]

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