4 × 100 metres relay
| Athletics 4 × 100 metres relay | |
|---|---|
 The finish at the Rio 2016 Olympics | |
| World records | |
| Men |  Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 36.84 (2012) |
| Women |  United States (Tianna Bartoletta, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter) 40.82 (2012) |
| Olympic records | |
| Men | Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 36.84 (2012) |
| Women | United States (Tianna Bartoletta, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter) 40.82 (2012) |
| World Championship records | |
| Men | Jamaica (Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt) 37.04 (2011) |
| Women | Jamaica (Veronica Campbell-Brown, Natasha Morrison, Elaine Thompson, Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce) 41.07 (2015) |
The 4 × 100 metres relay or sprint relay is an athletics track event run in lanes over one lap of the track with four runners completing 100 metres each. The first runners must begin in the same stagger as for the individual 400 m race. A relay baton is carried by each runner. Prior to 2018, the baton had to be passed within a 20 m changeover box, preceded by a 10-metre acceleration zone. With a rule change effective November 1, 2017 that zone was modified to include the acceleration zone as part of the passing zone, making the entire zone 30 metres in length. The outgoing runner cannot touch the baton until it has entered the zone, and the incoming runner cannot touch the baton after it has left the zone. The zone is usually marked in yellow, frequently using lines, triangles or chevrons. While the rule book specifies the exact positioning of the marks, the colors and style are only "recommended". While most legacy tracks will still have the older markings, the rule change still uses existing marks.[1] Not all governing body jurisdictions have adopted the rule change.
Transfer of the baton in this race is typically blind. The outgoing runner reaches a straight arm backwards when they enter the changeover box, or when the incoming runner makes a verbal signal. The outgoing runner does not look backwards, and it is the responsibility of the incoming runner to thrust the baton into the outstretched hand, and not let go until the outgoing runner takes hold of it without crossing the changeover box and to stop after the baton is exchanged.[2][3] Runners on the first and third legs typically run on the inside of the lane with the baton in their right hand, while runners on the second and fourth legs take the baton in their left. Polished handovers can compensate for a lack of basic speed to some extent, and disqualification for dropping the baton or failing to transfer it within the box is common, even at the highest level.[4] Relay times are typically 2–3 seconds faster than the sum of best times of individual runners.
The United States men and women historically dominated this event through the 20th century, winning the most Olympic gold medals and the most IAAF world championships. Carl Lewis ran the anchor leg on U.S. relay teams that set six world records from 1983 to 1992, including the first team to break 38 seconds.
The current men's world record stands at 36.84, set by the Jamaican team at the final of the 2012 London Olympic Games on 11 August 2012. As the only team to break 37 seconds to date, Jamaica has been the dominant team in the sport, winning two consecutive Olympic Gold Medals as well as four consecutive World Championships. The previous record of 37.04 seconds was also set by the Jamaican team at the 2011 World Championships.
The fastest electronically timed anchor leg run is 8.65 seconds by Usain Bolt at the 2015 IAAF World Relays,[5] while Bob Hayes was hand-timed as running 8.7 seconds on a cinder track in the 1964 Tokyo Games Final. The Tokyo Games also had electronic timing. While various tall tales claim Hayes ran several 8.5s legs at Tokyo, high speed modern video analysis shows his time to be a more realistic 8.95-9.0 seconds in the final, a much more consistent time relative to his FAT 10.06s 100m world record and more in line with the usual +0.25s-0.3s hand time to FAT conversion.[6]
The women's world record stands at 40.82 seconds, set by the United States in 2012 at the London Olympics. The fastest anchor leg run by a woman is 9.67s by Christine Aaron of France.
According to the IAAF rules, world records in relays can only be set if all team members have the same nationality.
All-time top 10 by country[]
Key to tables:
Not ratified or later rescinded
X = annulled due to doping violation
Men[]
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 36.84 | Nesta Carter, Michael Frater, Yohan Blake, Usain Bolt | Jamaica
|
11 August 2012 | London | [9] |
| 2 | 37.10 | Christian Coleman, Justin Gatlin, Mike Rodgers, Noah Lyles | United States
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
| 37.04 X | Trell Kimmons, Justin Gatlin, Tyson Gay, Ryan Bailey | United States
|
11 August 2012 | London | [11] | |
| 3 | 37.36 | Adam Gemili, Zharnel Hughes, Richard Kilty, Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |  Great Britain
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
| 4 | 37.43 | Shuhei Tada, Kirara Shiraishi, Yoshihide Kiryu, Abdul Hakim Sani Brown |  Japan
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
| 5 | 37.50 | Lorenzo Patta, Marcell Jacobs, Eseosa Desalu, Filippo Tortu |  Italy
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [12] |
| 6 | 37.62 | Darrel Brown, Marc Burns, Emmanuel Callander, Richard Thompson |  Trinidad and Tobago
|
22 August 2009 | Berlin | |
| 7 | 37.64 | Akeem Haynes, Aaron Brown, Brendon Rodney, Andre De Grasse |  Canada
|
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 9 | 37.65 | Thando Dlodlo, Simon Magakwe, Clarence Munyai, Akani Simbine |  South Africa
|
4 October 2019 | Doha | [13] |
| 10 | 37.72 | Rodrigo do Nascimento, Vitor Hugo dos Santos, Derick Silva, Paulo André de Oliveira |  Brazil
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
Women[]
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40.82 | Tianna Madison, Allyson Felix, Bianca Knight, Carmelita Jeter | United States
|
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 2 | 41.02 | Briana Williams, Elaine Thompson-Herah, Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, Shericka Jackson | Jamaica
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [16] |
| 3 | 41.37 | Silke Gladisch-Möller, Sabine Rieger-Günther, Ingrid Auerswald-Lange, Marlies Göhr |  German Democratic Republic
|
6 October 1985 | Canberra | |
| 4 | 41.49 | Olga Bogoslovskaya, Galina Malchugina, Natalya Voronova, Irina Privalova |  Russia
|
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |
| 5 | 41.55 | Asha Philip, Imani Lansiquot, Dina Asher-Smith, Daryll Neita | Great Britain
|
5 August 2021 | Tokyo | [17] |
| 6 | 41.63 | Tatjana Pinto, Lisa Mayer, Gina Lückenkemper, Rebekka Haase |  Germany
|
29 July 2016 | Mannheim | |
| 7 | 41.78 | Patricia Girard, Muriel Hurtis-Houairi, Sylviane Félix, Christine Arron |  France
|
30 August 2003 | Paris | |
| 8 | 41.92 | Savatheda Fynes, Chandra Sturrup, Pauline Davis-Thompson, Debbie Ferguson |  Bahamas
|
29 August 1999 | Sevilla | |
| 9 | 42.00 | Antonina Pobyubko, Natalya Voronova, Marina Zhirova, Elvira Barbashina |  Soviet Union
|
17 August 1985 | Moscow | |
| 10 | 42.03 | Kelly-Ann Baptiste, Michelle-Lee Ahye, Reyare Thomas, Semoy Hackett | Trinidad and Tobago
|
29 August 2015 | Beijing |
All-time top 25[]
Men[]
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 36.84 | Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
11 August 2012 | London | [9] |
| 2 | 37.04 | Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
4 September 2011 | Daegu | |
| 37.04 X | Trell Kimmons Justin Gatlin Tyson Gay Ryan Bailey |
United States
|
11 August 2012 | London | [11] | |
| 3 | 37.10 | Christian Coleman Justin Gatlin Michael Rodgers Noah Lyles |
United States
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
| 4 | 37.27 | Asafa Powell Yohan Blake Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 5 | 37.31 | Steve Mullings Michael Frater Usain Bolt Asafa Powell |
Jamaica
|
22 August 2009 | Berlin | |
| 6 | 37.36 | Nesta Carter Kemar Bailey-Cole Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
18 August 2013 | Moscow | |
| 37.36 | Nesta Carter Asafa Powell Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
29 August 2015 | Beijing | ||
| 37.36 | Adam Gemili Zharnel Hughes Richard Kilty Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Great Britain
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] | |
| 9 | 37.38 | Mike Rodgers Justin Gatlin Tyson Gay Ryan Bailey |
United States
|
2 May 2015 | Nassau | |
| 10 | 37.39 | Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Kemar Bailey-Cole |
Jamaica
|
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 11 | 37.40 | Michael Marsh Leroy Burrell Dennis Mitchell Carl Lewis |
United States
|
8 August 1992 | Barcelona | |
| 37.40 | Jon Drummond Andre Cason Dennis Mitchell Leroy Burrell |
United States
|
21 August 1993 | Stuttgart | ||
| 13 | 37.41 | Nesta Carter Asafa Powell Rasheed Dwyer Nickel Ashmeade |
Jamaica
|
29 August 2015 | Beijing | |
| 14 | 37.43 | Shuhei Tada Kirara Shiraishi Yoshihide Kiryu Abdul Hakim Sani Brown |
Japan
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [10] |
| 15 | 37.45 | Trell Kimmons Wallace Spearmon Tyson Gay Mike Rodgers |
United States
|
19 August 2010 | Zürich | |
| 16 | 37.46 | Jon Drummond Curtis Perry Maurice Greene |
United States
|
7 September 1999 | Berlin | |
| 37.46 | Daniel Bailey Yohan Blake Mario Forsythe Usain Bolt |
 Antigua and Barbuda Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica
|
25 July 2009 | London | ||
| 18 | 37.47 | Chijindu Ujah Adam Gemili Danny Talbot Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Great Britain
|
12 August 2017 | London | [19] |
| 19 | 37.48 | Jon Drummond Andre Cason Dennis Mitchell Leroy Burrell |
United States
|
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |
| 20 | 37.50 | Andre Cason Leroy Burrell Dennis Mitchell Carl Lewis |
United States
|
1 September 1991 | Tokyo | |
| Lorenzo Patta Marcell Jacobs Eseosa Desalu Filippo Tortu |
Italy
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo, Japan | [20] | ||
| 22 | 37.51 | Chijindu Ujah Zharnel Hughes Richard Kilty Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Great Britain
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo, Japan | [21] |
| 23 | 37.52 | Mike Rodgers Justin Gatlin Jaylen Bacon Christian Coleman |
United States
|
12 August 2017 | London | [19] |
| 24 | 37.56 | Adam Gemili Zharnel Hughes Richard Kilty Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Great Britain
|
4 October 2019 | Doha | [22] |
| 25 | 37.58 | Charles Silmon Mike Rodgers Rakieem Salaam Justin Gatlin |
United States
|
19 July 2013 | Monaco | |
| 37.58 | Jason Livermore Kemar Bailey-Cole Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt |
Jamaica
|
2 August 2014 | Glasgow |
Note:
- A USA team ran 37.04 in London in 2012 but the performance was annulled due to use of performance-enhancing drugs by Tyson Gay
- A Jamaican team ran 37.10 in Beijing in 2008 but the performance was annulled due to use of performance-enhancing drugs by Nesta Carter
- A USA team ran 37.38 in the heats in London in 2012 but the performance was retrospectively disqualified following drug test failue by Tyson Gay, even though Gay only ran in the final and not the heat.
Women[]
| Rank | Time | Team | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40.82 | Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix Bianca Knight Carmelita Jeter |
United States
|
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 2 | 41.01 | Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix English Gardner Tori Bowie |
United States
|
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 3 | 41.02 | Briana Williams Elaine Thompson-Herah Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [24] |
| 4 | 41.07 | Veronica Campbell-Brown Natasha Morrison Elaine Thompson Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica
|
29 August 2015 | Beijing | |
| 5 | 41.29 | Carrie Russell Kerron Stewart Schillonie Calvert Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica
|
18 August 2013 | Moscow | |
| 6 | 41.36 | Christania Williams Elaine Thompson Veronica Campbell-Brown Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica
|
19 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | |
| 7 | 41.37 | Silke Gladisch-Möller Sabine Rieger-Günther Ingrid Auerswald-Lange Marlies Göhr |
German Democratic Republic
|
6 October 1985 | Canberra | |
| 8 | 41.41 | Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sherone Simpson Veronica Campbell-Brown Kerron Stewart |
Jamaica
|
10 August 2012 | London | |
| 9 | 41.44 | Natalliah Whyte Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Jonielle Smith Shericka Jackson |
Jamaica
|
5 October 2019 | Doha | [25] |
| 10 | 41.45 | Javianne Oliver Teahna Daniels Jenna Prandini Gabrielle Thomas |
United States
|
6 August 2021 | Tokyo | [26] |
| 11 | 41.47 | Chryste Gaines Marion Jones Inger Miller Gail Devers |
United States
|
9 August 1997 | Athens | |
| 12 | 41.49 | Olga Bogoslovskaya Galina Malchugina Natalya Pomoshchnikova-Voronova Irina Privalova |
Russia
|
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |
| Michelle Finn-Burrell Gwen Torrence Wendy Vereen Gail Devers |
United States
|
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | |||
| 14 | 41.52 | Chryste Gaines Marion Jones Inger Miller Gail Devers |
United States
|
8 August 1997 | Athens | |
| 15 | 41.53 | Silke Gladisch-Möller Marita Koch Ingrid Auerswald-Lange Marlies Göhr |
German Democratic Republic
|
31 July 1983 | Berlin | |
| 16 | 41.55 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Florence Griffith-Joyner Pam Marshall |
United States
|
21 August 1987 | Berlin | |
| Asha Philip Imani Lansiquot Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
Great Britain
|
5 August 2021 | Tokyo | [27] | ||
| 18 | 41.56 | Bianca Knight Allyson Felix Marshevet Myers Carmelita Jeter |
United States
|
4 September 2011 | Daegu | |
| 19 | 41.58 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Florence Griffith-Joyner Pam Marshall |
United States
|
6 September 1987 | Rome | |
| Lauryn Williams Allyson Felix Muna Lee Carmelita Jeter |
United States
|
8 August 2009 | Cottbus | |||
| 21 | 41.60 | Romy Müller Bärbel Wöckel Ingrid Auerswald-Lange Marlies Göhr |
German Democratic Republic
|
1 August 1980 | Moscow | |
| Sherone Simpson Natasha Morrison Elaine Thompson Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce |
Jamaica
|
3 September 2015 | Zürich | |||
| 23 | 41.61 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Chandra Cheeseborough Evelyn Ashford |
United States
|
3 July 1983 | Colorado Springs | |
| 24 | 41.62 | Tatjana Pinto Lisa Mayer Gina Lückenkemper Rebekka Haase |
Germany
|
29 July 2016 | Mannheim | |
| 25 | 41.63 | Alice Brown Diane Williams Chandra Cheeseborough Evelyn Ashford |
United States
|
25 June 1983 | Los Angeles |
Olympic Games medalists[]
Men[]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm |
 Great Britain (GBR)David Jacobs Henry Macintosh Victor d'Arcy Willie Applegarth |
 Sweden (SWE)Ivan Möller Charles Luther Ture Persson Knut Lindberg |
none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp |
 United States (USA)Charley Paddock Jackson Scholz Loren Murchison Morris Kirksey |
 France (FRA)René Lorain René Tirard René Mourlon Émile Ali-Khan |
Sweden (SWE) Agne Holmström William Petersson Sven Malm Nils Sandström |
| 1924 Paris |
United States (USA) Loren Murchison Louis Clarke Frank Hussey Al LeConey |
Great Britain (GBR) Harold Abrahams Walter Rangeley Wilfred Nichol Lancelot Royle |
 Netherlands (NED)Jan de Vries Jaap Boot Harry Broos Rinus van den Berge |
| 1928 Amsterdam |
United States (USA) Frank Wykoff James Quinn Charley Borah Henry Russell |
 Germany (GER)Georg Lammers Richard Corts Hubert Houben Helmut Körnig |
Great Britain (GBR) Cyril Gill Edward Smouha Walter Rangeley Jack London |
| 1932 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Bob Kiesel Emmett Toppino Hector Dyer Frank Wykoff |
Germany (GER) Helmut Körnig Friedrich Hendrix Erich Borchmeyer Arthur Jonath |
 Italy (ITA)Giuseppe Castelli Ruggero Maregatti Gabriele Salviati Edgardo Toetti |
| 1936 Berlin |
United States (USA) Jesse Owens Ralph Metcalfe Foy Draper Frank Wykoff |
Italy (ITA) Orazio Mariani Gianni Caldana Elio Ragni Tullio Gonnelli |
 Germany (GER)Wilhelm Leichum Erich Borchmeyer Erwin Gillmeister Gerd Hornberger |
| 1948 London |
United States (USA) Barney Ewell Lorenzo Wright Harrison Dillard Mel Patton |
Great Britain (GBR) Jack Archer Jack Gregory Alastair McCorquodale Kenneth Jones |
 Italy (ITA)Michele Tito Enrico Perucconi Antonio Siddi Carlo Monti |
| 1952 Helsinki |
United States (USA) Dean Smith Harrison Dillard Lindy Remigino Andy Stanfield |
 Soviet Union (URS)Boris Tokarev Levan Kalyayev Levan Sanadze Vladimir Sukharev |
 Hungary (HUN)László Zarándi Géza Varasdi György Csányi Béla Goldoványi |
| 1956 Melbourne |
United States (USA) Ira Murchison Leamon King Thane Baker Bobby Morrow |
 Soviet Union (URS)Leonid Bartenyev Boris Tokarev Yuriy Konovalov Vladimir Sukharev |
 United Team of Germany (EUA)Lothar Knörzer Leonhard Pohl Heinz Fütterer Manfred Germar |
| 1960 Rome |
 United Team of Germany (EUA)Bernd Cullmann Armin Hary Walter Mahlendorf Martin Lauer |
Soviet Union (URS) Gusman Kosanov Leonid Bartenyev Yuriy Konovalov Edvin Ozolin |
Great Britain (GBR) Peter Radford David Jones David Segal Nick Whitehead |
| 1964 Tokyo |
 United States (USA)Paul Drayton Gerry Ashworth Richard Stebbins Bob Hayes |
 Poland (POL)Andrzej Zieliński Wiesław Maniak Marian Foik Marian Dudziak |
France (FRA) Paul Genevay Bernard Laidebeur Claude Piquemal Jocelyn Delecour |
| 1968 Mexico City |
United States (USA) Charles Greene Mel Pender Ronnie Ray Smith Jim Hines |
 Cuba (CUB)Hermes Ramírez Juan Morales Pablo Montes Enrique Figuerola |
France (FRA) Gérard Fenouil Jocelyn Delecour Claude Piquemal Roger Bambuck |
| 1972 Munich |
United States (USA) Larry Black Robert Taylor Gerald Tinker Eddie Hart |
Soviet Union (URS) Aleksandr Kornelyuk Vladimir Lovetskiy Juris Silovs Valeriy Borzov |
West Germany (FRG) Jobst Hirscht Karlheinz Klotz Gerhard Wucherer Klaus Ehl |
| 1976 Montreal |
United States (USA) Harvey Glance Lam Jones Millard Hampton Steve Riddick |
 East Germany (GDR)Manfred Kokot Jörg Pfeifer Klaus-Dieter Kurrat Alexander Thieme |
Soviet Union (URS) Aleksandr Aksinin Nikolay Kolesnikov Juris Silovs Valeriy Borzov |
| 1980 Moscow |
Soviet Union (URS) Vladimir Muravyov Nikolay Sidorov Aleksandr Aksinin Andrey Prokofyev |
 Poland (POL)Krzysztof Zwoliński Zenon Licznerski Leszek Dunecki Marian Woronin |
 France (FRA)Antoine Richard Pascal Barré Patrick Barré Hermann Panzo |
| 1984 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Sam Graddy Ron Brown Calvin Smith Carl Lewis |
 Jamaica (JAM)Albert Lawrence Greg Meghoo Don Quarrie Ray Stewart |
 Canada (CAN)Ben Johnson Tony Sharpe Desai Williams Sterling Hinds |
| 1988 Seoul |
Soviet Union (URS) Viktor Bryzhin Vladimir Krylov Vladimir Muravyov Vitaliy Savin |
Great Britain (GBR) Elliot Bunney John Regis Mike McFarlane Linford Christie |
France (FRA) Bruno Marie-Rose Daniel Sangouma Gilles Quénéhervé Max Morinière |
| 1992 Barcelona |
United States (USA) Michael Marsh Leroy Burrell Dennis Mitchell Carl Lewis James Jett* |
 Nigeria (NGR)Oluyemi Kayode Chidi Imoh Olapade Adeniken Davidson Ezinwa Osmond Ezinwa* |
Cuba (CUB) Andrés Simón Joel Lamela Joel Isasi Jorge Aguilera |
| 1996 Atlanta |
Canada (CAN) Robert Esmie Glenroy Gilbert Bruny Surin Donovan Bailey Carlton Chambers* |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Tim Harden Michael Marsh Dennis Mitchell Tim Montgomery* |
Brazil (BRA) Arnaldo da Silva Robson da Silva Édson Ribeiro André Domingos |
| 2000 Sydney |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Bernard Williams Brian Lewis Maurice Greene Tim Montgomery* Kenny Brokenburr* |
Brazil (BRA) Vicente de Lima Édson Ribeiro André Domingos Claudinei da Silva Cláudio Roberto Souza |
Cuba (CUB) José Ángel César Luis Alberto Pérez-Rionda Ivan García Freddy Mayola |
| 2004 Athens |
Great Britain (GBR) Jason Gardener Darren Campbell Marlon Devonish Mark Lewis-Francis |
United States (USA) Shawn Crawford Justin Gatlin Coby Miller Maurice Greene Darvis Patton* |
Nigeria (NGR) Olusoji Fasuba Uchenna Emedolu Aaron Egbele Deji Aliu |
| 2008 Beijing |
 Trinidad and Tobago (TRI)Keston Bledman Marc Burns Emmanuel Callender Richard Thompson Aaron Armstrong*[28] |
 Japan (JPN)Naoki Tsukahara Shingo Suetsugu Shinji Takahira Nobuharu Asahara |
Brazil (BRA) Vicente de Lima Sandro Viana Bruno de Barros José Carlos Moreira |
| 2012 London |
Jamaica (JAM) Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Usain Bolt Kemar Bailey-Cole* |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Richard Thompson Marc Burns Emmanuel Callender Keston Bledman |
France (FRA) Jimmy Vicaut Christophe Lemaitre Pierre-Alexis Pessonneaux Ronald Pognon |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro |
Jamaica (JAM) Asafa Powell Yohan Blake Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt Jevaughn Minzie* Kemar Bailey-Cole* |
Japan (JPN) Ryota Yamagata Shōta Iizuka Yoshihide Kiryū Asuka Cambridge |
Canada (CAN) Akeem Haynes Aaron Brown Brendon Rodney Andre De Grasse Bolade Ajomale* |
| 2020 Tokyo |
Italy (ITA) Lorenzo Patta Marcell Jacobs Fausto Desalu Filippo Tortu |
Great Britain (GBR) Chijindu Ujah Zharnel Hughes Richard Kilty Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Canada (CAN) Aaron Brown Jerome Blake Brendon Rodney Andre De Grasse |
Women[]
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam |
 Canada (CAN)Fanny Rosenfeld Ethel Smith Jane Bell Myrtle Cook |
United States (USA) Mary Washburn Jessie Cross Loretta McNeil Betty Robinson |
Germany (GER) Rosa Kellner Leni Schmidt Anni Holdmann Leni Junker |
| 1932 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Mary Carew Evelyn Furtsch Annette Rogers Wilhelmina von Bremen |
Canada (CAN) Mildred Fizzell Lillian Palmer Mary Frizzell Hilda Strike |
Great Britain (GBR) Eileen Hiscock Gwendoline Porter Violet Webb Nellie Halstead |
| 1936 Berlin |
United States (USA) Harriet Bland Annette Rogers Betty Robinson Helen Stephens |
Great Britain (GBR) Eileen Hiscock Violet Olney Audrey Brown Barbara Burke |
 Canada (CAN)Dorothy Brookshaw Jeanette Dolson Hilda Cameron Aileen Meagher |
| 1948 London |
Netherlands (NED) Xenia Stad-de Jong Netti Witziers-Timmer Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs Fanny Blankers-Koen |
 Australia (AUS)Shirley Strickland June Maston Betty McKinnon Joyce King |
Canada (CAN) Viola Myers Nancy Mackay Diane Foster Patricia Jones |
| 1952 Helsinki |
United States (USA) Mae Faggs Barbara Jones Janet Moreau Catherine Hardy |
Germany (GER) Ursula Knab Maria Sander Helga Klein Marga Petersen |
Great Britain (GBR) Sylvia Cheeseman June Foulds Jean Pickering Heather Armitage |
| 1956 Melbourne |
Australia (AUS) Shirley Strickland de la Hunty Norma Croker Fleur Mellor Betty Cuthbert |
Great Britain (GBR) Anne Pashley Jean Scrivens June Foulds Heather Armitage |
United States (USA) Mae Faggs Margaret Matthews Wilma Rudolph Isabelle Daniels |
| 1960 Rome |
United States (USA) Martha Hudson Lucinda Williams Barbara Jones Wilma Rudolph |
United Team of Germany (EUA) Martha Langbein Anni Biechl Brunhilde Hendrix Jutta Heine |
Poland (POL) Teresa Wieczorek Barbara Sobotta Celina Jesionowska Halina Richter |
| 1964 Tokyo |
Poland (POL) Teresa Ciepły Irena Kirszenstein Halina Górecka Ewa Kłobukowska |
United States (USA) Willye White Wyomia Tyus Marilyn White Edith McGuire |
Great Britain (GBR) Janet Simpson Mary Rand Daphne Arden Dorothy Hyman |
| 1968 Mexico City |
United States (USA) Barbara Ferrell Margaret Bailes Mildrette Netter Wyomia Tyus |
Cuba (CUB) Marlene Elejarde Fulgencia Romay Violetta Quesada Miguelina Cobián |
Soviet Union (URS) Lyudmila Zharkova Galina Bukharina Vera Popkova Lyudmila Samotyosova |
| 1972 Munich |
West Germany (FRG) Christiane Krause Ingrid Mickler-Becker Annegret Richter Heide Rosendahl |
East Germany (GDR) Evelin Kaufer Christina Heinich Bärbel Struppert Renate Stecher |
Cuba (CUB) Marlene Elejarde Carmen Valdés Fulgencia Romay Silvia Chivás |
| 1976 Montreal |
East Germany (GDR) Marlies Oelsner Renate Stecher Carla Bodendorf Bärbel Eckert |
West Germany (FRG) Elvira Possekel Inge Helten Annegret Richter Annegret Kroniger |
Soviet Union (URS) Tatyana Prorochenko Lyudmila Maslakova Nadezhda Besfamilnaya Vera Anisimova |
| 1980 Moscow |
East Germany (GDR) Romy Müller Bärbel Wöckel Ingrid Auerswald Marlies Göhr |
Soviet Union (URS) Vera Komisova Lyudmila Maslakova Vera Anisimova Natalya Bochina |
Great Britain (GBR) Heather Oakes Kathy Smallwood-Cook Beverley Goddard Sonia Lannaman |
| 1984 Los Angeles |
United States (USA) Alice Brown Jeanette Bolden Chandra Cheeseborough Evelyn Ashford |
Canada (CAN) Angela Bailey Marita Payne Angella Taylor-Issajenko France Gareau |
Great Britain (GBR) Simmone Jacobs Kathy Smallwood-Cook Beverley Callander Heather Oakes |
| 1988 Seoul |
United States (USA) Alice Brown Sheila Echols Florence Griffith Joyner Evelyn Ashford Dannette Young* |
East Germany (GDR) Silke Möller Kerstin Behrendt Ingrid Auerswald Marlies Göhr |
Soviet Union (URS) Lyudmila Kondratyeva Galina Malchugina Marina Zhirova Natalya Pomoschnikova Maia Azarashvili* |
| 1992 Barcelona |
United States (USA) Evelyn Ashford Esther Jones Carlette Guidry Gwen Torrence Michelle Finn* |
Unified Team (EUN) Olga Bogoslovskaya Galina Malchugina Marina Trandenkova Irina Privalova |
Nigeria (NGR) Beatrice Utondu Faith Idehen Christy Opara-Thompson Mary Onyali-Omagbemi |
| 1996 Atlanta |
United States (USA) Gail Devers Inger Miller Chryste Gaines Gwen Torrence Carlette Guidry* |
 Bahamas (BAH)Eldece Clarke Chandra Sturrup Savatheda Fynes Pauline Davis-Thompson Debbie Ferguson* |
Jamaica (JAM) Michelle Freeman Juliet Cuthbert Nikole Mitchell Merlene Ottey Gillian Russell* Andria Lloyd* |
| 2000 Sydney |
Bahamas (BAH) Savatheda Fynes Chandra Sturrup Pauline Davis-Thompson Debbie Ferguson Eldece Clarke-Lewis* |
Jamaica (JAM) Tayna Lawrence Veronica Campbell Beverly McDonald Merlene Ottey Merlene Frazer* |
United States (USA) Chryste Gaines Torri Edwards Nanceen Perry Passion Richardson* |
| 2004 Athens |
Jamaica (JAM) Tayna Lawrence Sherone Simpson Aleen Bailey Veronica Campbell Beverly McDonald* |
 Russia (RUS)Olga Stulneva Yuliya Tabakova Irina Khabarova Larisa Kruglova |
France (FRA) Véronique Mang Muriel Hurtis-Houairi Sylviane Félix Christine Arron |
| 2008 Beijing |
 Belgium (BEL)Kim Gevaert Élodie Ouédraogo Hanna Mariën Olivia Borlée |
Nigeria (NGR) Halimat Ismaila Oludamola Osayomi Agnes Osazuwa Gloria Kemasuode Ene Franca Idoko* |
Brazil (BRA) Rosemar Coelho Neto Lucimar de Moura Thaissa Presti Rosângela Santos |
| 2012 London |
United States (USA) Tianna Madison Allyson Felix Bianca Knight Carmelita Jeter Jeneba Tarmoh* Lauryn Williams* |
Jamaica (JAM) Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sherone Simpson Veronica Campbell-Brown Kerron Stewart Samantha Henry-Robinson* Schillonie Calvert* |
 Ukraine (UKR)Olesya Povh Khrystyna Stuy Mariya Ryemyen Yelyzaveta Bryzhina |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro |
United States (USA) Tianna Bartoletta Allyson Felix English Gardner Tori Bowie Morolake Akinosun* |
Jamaica (JAM) Christania Williams Elaine Thompson Veronica Campbell-Brown Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Simone Facey* Shashalee Forbes* |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Desirèe Henry Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
| 2020 Tokyo |
Jamaica (JAM) Briana Williams Elaine Thompson-Herah Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Shericka Jackson |
United States (USA) Javianne Oliver Teahna Daniels Jenna Prandini Gabrielle Thomas |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Imani Lansiquot Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
Note: * Indicates athletes who ran in preliminary rounds and also received medals.
- nb Note: Marion Jones was stripped of all her Olympic medal.
- In 2008 the Russian team of Evgeniya Polyakova, Aleksandra Fedoriva, Yulia Gushchina and Yuliya Chermoshanskaya were awarded the gold medals, however, these were rescinded in 2016 following disqualification of Chermoshanskaya for use of performance-enhancing drugs.[29]
World Championships medalists[]
Men[]
| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 Helsinki () |
United States (USA) Emmit King Willie Gault Calvin Smith Carl Lewis |
Italy (ITA) Stefano Tilli Carlo Simionato Pierfrancesco Pavoni Pietro Mennea |
Soviet Union (URS) Andrey Prokofyev Nikolay Sidorov Vladimir Muravyov Viktor Bryzhin |
| 1987 Rome () |
United States (USA) Lee McRae Lee Vernon McNeill Harvey Glance Carl Lewis |
Soviet Union (URS) Aleksandr Yevgenyev Viktor Bryzhin Vladimir Muravyov Vladimir Krylov |
Jamaica (JAM) John Mair Andrew Smith Clive Wright Ray Stewart |
| 1991 Tokyo () |
United States (USA) Andre Cason Leroy Burrell Dennis Mitchell Carl Lewis |
France (FRA) Max Morinière Daniel Sangouma Jean-Charles Trouabal Bruno Marie-Rose |
Great Britain (GBR) Tony Jarrett John Regis Darren Braithwaite Linford Christie |
| 1993 Stuttgart () |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Andre Cason Dennis Mitchell Leroy Burrell Calvin Smith* |
Great Britain (GBR) Colin Jackson Tony Jarrett John Regis Linford Christie Jason John* Darren Braithwaite* |
Canada (CAN) Robert Esmie Glenroy Gilbert Bruny Surin Atlee Mahorn |
| 1995 Gothenburg () |
Canada (CAN) Donovan Bailey Robert Esmie Glenroy Gilbert Bruny Surin |
 Australia (AUS)Paul Henderson Tim Jackson Steve Brimacombe Damien Marsh |
Italy (ITA) Giovanni Puggioni Ezio Madonia Angelo Cipolloni Sandro Floris |
| 1997 Athens () |
Canada (CAN) Robert Esmie Glenroy Gilbert Bruny Surin Donovan Bailey Carlton Chambers* |
 Nigeria (NGR)Osmond Ezinwa Olapade Adeniken Francis Obikwelu Davidson Ezinwa |
Great Britain (GBR) Darren Braithwaite Darren Campbell Douglas Walker Julian Golding Dwain Chambers* |
| 1999 Seville () [4x100m dq1] |
United States (USA) Jon Drummond Tim Montgomery Brian Lewis Maurice Greene |
Great Britain (GBR) Jason Gardener Darren Campbell Marlon Devonish Dwain Chambers Allyn Condon* |
Brazil (BRA) Raphael de Oliveira Claudinei da Silva Édson Ribeiro André Domingos |
| 2001 Edmonton () [4x100m dq2] |
South Africa (RSA) Morné Nagel Corné du Plessis Lee-Roy Newton Matthew Quinn |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Marc Burns Ato Boldon Jacey Harper Darrel Brown |
Australia (AUS) Matt Shirvington Paul Di Bella Steve Brimacombe Adam Basil |
| 2003 Saint-Denis () [4x100m dq3] |
United States (USA) John Capel Bernard Williams Darvis Patton Joshua J. Johnson |
Brazil (BRA) Vicente de Lima Édson Ribeiro André Domingos Cláudio Roberto Souza |
 Netherlands (NED)Timothy Beck Troy Douglas Patrick van Balkom Caimin Douglas Guus Hoogmoed* |
| 2005 Helsinki () |
France (FRA) Ladji Doucouré Ronald Pognon Eddy De Lépine Lueyi Dovy Oudéré Kankarafou* |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Kevon Pierre Marc Burns Jacey Harper Darrel Brown |
Great Britain (GBR) Jason Gardener Marlon Devonish Christian Malcolm Mark Lewis-Francis |
| 2007 Osaka () |
United States (USA) Darvis Patton Wallace Spearmon Tyson Gay Leroy Dixon Rodney Martin* |
Jamaica (JAM) Marvin Anderson Usain Bolt Nesta Carter Asafa Powell Dwight Thomas* Steve Mullings* |
Great Britain (GBR) Christian Malcolm Craig Pickering Marlon Devonish Mark Lewis-Francis |
| 2009 Berlin () |
Jamaica (JAM) Steve Mullings Michael Frater Usain Bolt Asafa Powell Dwight Thomas* Lerone Clarke* |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Darrel Brown Marc Burns Emmanuel Callender Richard Thompson Keston Bledman* |
Great Britain (GBR) Simeon Williamson Tyrone Edgar Marlon Devonish Harry Aikines-Aryeetey |
| 2011 Daegu () |
Jamaica (JAM) Nesta Carter Michael Frater Yohan Blake Usain Bolt Dexter Lee* |
France (FRA) Teddy Tinmar Christophe Lemaitre Yannick Lesourd Jimmy Vicaut |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN)Jason Rogers Kim Collins Antoine Adams Brijesh Lawrence |
| 2013 Moscow () |
Jamaica (JAM) Nesta Carter Kemar Bailey-Cole Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt Warren Weir* Oshane Bailey* |
United States (USA) Charles Silmon Mike Rodgers Mookie Salaam Justin Gatlin |
Canada (CAN) Gavin Smellie Aaron Brown Dontae Richards-Kwok Justyn Warner |
| 2015 Beijing () |
Jamaica (JAM) Nesta Carter Asafa Powell Nickel Ashmeade Usain Bolt Rasheed Dwyer* |
 China (CHN)Mo Youxue Xie Zhenye Su Bingtian Zhang Peimeng |
Canada (CAN) Aaron Brown Andre De Grasse Brendon Rodney Justyn Warner |
| 2017 London () |
Great Britain (GBR) Chijindu Ujah Adam Gemili Danny Talbot Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
United States (USA) Mike Rodgers Justin Gatlin Jaylen Bacon Christian Coleman BeeJay Lee* |
Japan (JPN) Shuhei Tada Shōta Iizuka Yoshihide Kiryū Kenji Fujimitsu Asuka Cambridge* |
| 2019 Doha () |
United States (USA) Christian Coleman Justin Gatlin Mike Rodgers Noah Lyles Cravon Gillespie* |
Great Britain (GBR) Adam Gemili Zharnel Hughes Richard Kilty Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake |
Japan (JPN) Shuhei Tada Kirara Shiraishi Yoshihide Kiryū Abdul Hakim Sani Brown Yuki Koike* |
Note * Indicates athletes who ran only in the preliminary round and also received medals.
- 4x100m dq1 The Nigerian team of Innocent Asonze, Francis Obikwelu, Daniel Effiong and Deji Aliu originally finished third in the 1999 World Championship, but were disqualified after Asonze was found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
- 4x100m dq2 The United States team of Mickey Grimes, Bernard Williams, Dennis Mitchell and Tim Montgomery originally won the 2001 World Championship in a time of 37.96 seconds, but were disqualified after Montgomery admitted to drug use as a result of the BALCO scandal in 2005.
- 4x100m dq3 The British team of Christian Malcolm, Darren Campbell, Marlon Devonish and Dwain Chambers originally finished second in the 2003 World Championship, but were disqualified after Chambers was found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
Women[]
| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 Helsinki |
East Germany (GDR) Silke Gladisch Marita Koch Ingrid Auerswald Marlies Oelsner-Göhr |
Great Britain (GBR) Joan Baptiste Kathy Cook Beverley Callender Shirley Thomas |
Jamaica (JAM) Leleith Hodges Jacqueline Pusey Juliet Cuthbert Merlene Ottey |
| 1987 Rome |
United States (USA) Alice Brown Diane Williams Florence Griffith-Joyner Pam Marshall |
East Germany (GDR) Silke Möller Cornelia Oschkenat Kerstin Behrendt Marlies Göhr |
Soviet Union (URS) Irina Slyusar Natalya Pomoshchnikova Natalya German Olga Antonova |
| 1991 Tokyo |
Jamaica (JAM) Dahlia Duhaney Juliet Cuthbert Beverly McDonald Merlene Ottey Merlene Frazer* |
Soviet Union (URS) Natalya Kovtun Galina Malchugina Yelena Vinogradova Irina Privalova |
Germany (GER) Grit Breuer Katrin Krabbe Sabine Richter Heike Drechsler |
| 1993 Stuttgart |
Russia (RUS) Olga Bogoslovskaya Galina Malchugina Natalya Pomoshchnikova-Voronova Irina Privalova Marina Trandenkova* |
United States (USA) Michelle Finn Gwen Torrence Wendy Vereen Gail Devers Sheila Echols* |
Jamaica (JAM) Michelle Freeman Juliet Campbell Nikole Mitchell Merlene Ottey Dahlia Duhaney* |
| 1995 Gothenburg |
United States (USA) Celena Mondie-Milner Carlette Guidry Chryste Gaines Gwen Torrence D'Andre Hill* |
Jamaica (JAM) Dahlia Duhaney Juliet Cuthbert Beverly McDonald Merlene Ottey Michelle Freeman* |
Germany (GER) Melanie Paschke Silke Lichtenhagen Silke-Beate Knoll Gabriele Becker |
| 1997 Athens |
United States (USA) Chryste Gaines Marion Jones Inger Miller Gail Devers |
Jamaica (JAM) Beverly McDonald Merlene Frazer Juliet Cuthbert Beverly Grant |
France (FRA) Patricia Girard-Léno Christine Arron Delphine Combe Sylviane Félix Frédérique Bangué* |
| 1999 Seville |
Bahamas (BAH) Savatheda Fynes Chandra Sturrup Pauline Davis-Thompson Debbie Ferguson Eldece Clarke-Lewis* |
France (FRA) Patricia Girard Muriel Hurtis Katia Benth Christine Arron Fabé Dia* |
Jamaica (JAM) Aleen Bailey Merlene Frazer, Beverly McDonald Peta-Gaye Dowdie |
| 2001 Edmontondq1 |
Germany (GER) Melanie Paschke Gabi Rockmeier Birgit Rockmeier Marion Wagner |
France (FRA) Sylviane Félix Frédérique Bangué Muriel Hurtis Odiah Sidibé |
Jamaica (JAM) Juliet Campbell Merlene Frazer Beverly McDonald Astia Walker Elva Goulbourne* |
| 2003 Saint-Denis |
France (FRA) Patricia Girard-Léno Muriel Hurtis Sylviane Félix Christine Arron |
United States (USA) Angela Williams Chryste Gaines Inger Miller Torri Edwards Lauryn Williams* |
Russia (RUS) Olga Fyodorova Yuliya Tabakova Marina Kislova Larisa Kruglova |
| 2005 Helsinki |
United States (USA) Angela Daigle Muna Lee Me'Lisa Barber Lauryn Williams |
Jamaica (JAM) Danielle Browning Sherone Simpson Aleen Bailey Veronica Campbell Beverly McDonald* |
 Belarus (BLR)Yulia Nestsiarenka Natallia Solohub Alena Newmyarzhytskaya Aksana Drahun |
| 2007 Osaka |
United States (USA) Lauryn Williams Allyson Felix Mikele Barber Torri Edwards Carmelita Jeter* Mechelle Lewis* |
Jamaica (JAM) Sheri-Ann Brooks Kerron Stewart Simone Facey Veronica Campbell Shelly-Ann Fraser* |
 Belgium (BEL)Olivia Borlée Hanna Mariën Élodie Ouédraogo Kim Gevaert |
| 2009 Berlin |
Jamaica (JAM) Simone Facey Shelly-Ann Fraser Aleen Bailey Kerron Stewart |
Bahamas (BAH) Sheniqua Ferguson Chandra Sturrup Christine Amertil Debbie Ferguson-McKenzie |
Germany (GER) Marion Wagner Anne Möllinger Cathleen Tschirch Verena Sailer |
| 2011 Daegu |
United States (USA) Bianca Knight Allyson Felix Marshevet Myers Carmelita Jeter Shalonda Solomon* Alexandria Anderson* |
Jamaica (JAM) Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Kerron Stewart Sherone Simpson Veronica Campbell-Brown Jura Levy* |
 Ukraine (UKR)Olesya Povh Nataliya Pohrebnyak Mariya Ryemyen Hrystyna Stuy |
| 2013 Moscow |
Jamaica (JAM) Carrie Russell Kerron Stewart Schillonie Calvert Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sheri-Ann Brooks* |
United States (USA) Jeneba Tarmoh Alexandria Anderson English Gardner Octavious Freeman |
Great Britain (GBR) Dina Asher-Smith Ashleigh Nelson Annabelle Lewis Hayley Jones |
| 2015 Beijing |
Jamaica (JAM) Veronica Campbell-Brown Natasha Morrison Elaine Thompson Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Sherone Simpson* Kerron Stewart* |
United States (USA) English Gardner Allyson Felix Jenna Prandini Jasmine Todd |
Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Kelly-Ann Baptiste Michelle-Lee Ahye Reyare Thomas Semoy Hackett Khalifa St. Fort* |
| 2017 London |
United States (USA) Aaliyah Brown Allyson Felix Morolake Akinosun Tori Bowie Ariana Washington* |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Desirèe Henry Dina Asher-Smith Daryll Neita |
Jamaica (JAM) Jura Levy Natasha Morrison Simone Facey Sashalee Forbes Christania Williams* |
| 2019 Doha |
Jamaica (JAM) Natalliah Whyte Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Jonielle Smith Shericka Jackson Natasha Morrison* |
Great Britain (GBR) Asha Philip Dina Asher-Smith Ashleigh Nelson Daryll Neita Imani-Lara Lansiquot* |
United States (USA) Dezerea Bryant Teahna Daniels Morolake Akinosun Kiara Parker |
Note * Indicates athletes who ran only in the preliminary round and also received medals.
- dq1 The United States team of Kelli White, Chryste Gaines, Inger Miller, and Marion Jones originally won the 2001 World Championship in a time of 41.71 seconds, but were disqualified after Jones and White were found to have used performance-enhancing drugs.
See also[]
- Men's 4 × 100 metres relay world record progression
- Women's 4 × 100 metres relay world record progression
- Italy national relays team at the international athletics championships
- List of fastest anchor legs
Notes and references[]
- ^ "Library | World Athletics | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- ^ Price, Satchel. "How do track relay handoffs work?". SB Nation. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Keys to secure a smooth baton handoff". Human Kinetics. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ Ellis, Aaron. "Why Do Baton Drops Happen So Often in Professional Relay Races?". Huffington post. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Men's 4x100m relay". alltime-athletics.com. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- ^ "Bob Hayes". ESPN. Archived from the original on 9 March 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- ^ "All-time men's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
- ^ a b "All-time men's best 4×100m Relay". alltime-athletics.com. 27 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ^ a b "The XXX Olympic Games - 4x100 metres Relay Men Final - Results". IAAF. 11 August 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g "4×100m Relay Men − Final − Results" (PDF). IAAF. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- ^ a b "4x100 Metres Relay Results". IAAF. 11 August 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
- ^ "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ 2019 Heats
- ^ "All-time women's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 24 August 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
- ^ a b "All-time women's best 4×100m Relay". alltime-athletics.com. 21 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ^ "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- ^ "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). olympics.com. 5 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ "All-time men's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ^ a b "4×100m Relay Results" (PDF). IAAF. 12 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ^ "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ "Men's 4×100m Relay Final Result" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ "4×100m Relay Round 1 Results" (PDF). IAAF. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- ^ "All-time women's best 4 × 100m Relay". IAAF. 19 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
- ^ "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- ^ "4×400m Relay Women − Final − Results" (PDF). IAAF. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
- ^ "Women's 4×400m Relay Final Results" (PDF). olympics.com. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
- ^ "Women's 4×100m Relay Round 1 Results Summary" (PDF). olympics.com. 5 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
- ^ On 25 January 2017, the Jamaican team was stripped of the gold medal due to Nesta Carter testing positive for the prohibited substance methylhexaneamine. The IOC requested that the IAAF modify the results, and, after CAS dismissed the appeal of Jamaican sprinter, the medals were redistributed accordingly. Trinidad and Tobago team was advanced to gold, Japan to silver, and Brazil to bronze.
- ^ IOC sanctions Yulia Chermoshanskaya for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008
External links[]
Categories:
- 4 × 100 metres relay
- Events in track and field
- Track relay races
- Summer Olympic disciplines in athletics