Benazepril

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Benazepril
Benazepril structure.svg
Benazepril-3D-balls.png
Clinical data
Pronunciation/bəˈnæzəprɪl/
Trade namesLotensin, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa692011
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding96.7%
MetabolismLiver glucuronidation
Elimination half-life10-11 hours
ExcretionKidney and biliary
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H28N2O5
Molar mass424.497 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  

Benazepril, sold under the brand name Lotensin among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease.[1] It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1] Versions are available as the combinations benazepril/hydrochlorothiazide and benazepril/amlodipine.[1]

Common side effects include feeling tired, dizziness, cough, and light-headedness with standing.[1] Serious side effects may include kidney problems, low blood pressure, high blood potassium, and angioedema.[1] Use in pregnancy may harm the baby, while use when breastfeeding may be safe.[2] It is an ACE inhibitor and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.[1]

Benazepril was patented in 1981 and came into medical use in 1990. It was created by the chemist Mahesh Desai[3] It is available as a generic medication.[1] In 2018, it was the 118th most commonly prescribed medication in the US, with more than 5 million prescriptions.[4][5]

Medical uses[]

It is useful for high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease.[1] It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure.[1] Other reasonable initial options include angiotensin II receptor antagonists, calcium-channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics.[1]

Side effects[]

The most common side effects patients experience are a headache or a chronic cough. The chronic cough develops in about 20% of patients treated,[6] and those patients that experience it find it develops after a few months of use. Anaphylaxis, angioedema, and elevation of potassium levels are more serious side effects that can also occur.

Contraindications[]

Benazepril should be discontinued during pregnancy and in women planning to become pregnant, as it can harm the fetus.[7]

Dosage forms[]

It is also available in combination with hydrochlorothiazide, under the trade name Lotensin HCT, and with amlodipine (Lotrel).

Veterinary use[]

Under the brand names Fortekor (Novartis) and VetACE (Jurox Animal Health),[citation needed] benazepril is used to treat congestive heart failure in dogs[8][9] and chronic kidney failure in cats and dogs.[10]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k "Benazepril Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Benazepril Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  3. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 468. ISBN 9783527607495.
  4. ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  5. ^ "Benazepril Hydrochloride - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  6. ^ Dykewicz, Mark S. (April 2004). "Cough and Angioedema From Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: New Insights Into Mechanisms and Management". Medscape. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  7. ^ "Lotensin package insert" (PDF). FDA. 2011. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
  8. ^ King JN, Mauron C, Kaiser G (December 1995). "Pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of benazepril, benazeprilat, and inhibition of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after single and repeated administrations to dogs". Am. J. Vet. Res. 56 (12): 1620–8. PMID 8599524.
  9. ^ O'Grady MR, O'Sullivan ML, Minors SL, Horne R (2009). "Efficacy of benazepril hydrochloride to delay the progression of occult dilated cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers". J. Vet. Intern. Med. 23 (5): 977–83. doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0346.x. PMID 19572914.
  10. ^ "Fortekor Flavor Tabs (5 mg) (Canada) for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2020-12-09.

External links[]

  • "Benazepril". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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