Chrysosporium

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Chrysosporium
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Eurotiomycetes
Order: Onygenales
Family: Onygenaceae
Genus: Chrysosporium
Corda (1833)
Type species
Chrysosporium corii
Corda (1833)
Synonyms[1]
  • Aleurophora (1916)
  • Atrichophyton & (1919)
  • Blastomyces Costantin & Rolland (1889)
  • Emmonsia Cif. & (1959)
  • Rhinocladiella Kamyschko (1960)
  • Rhinocladiopsis Kamyschko (1961)

Chrysosporium is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae.[2]

Chrysosporium colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, one-celled () are produced directly on vegetative hyphae by non-specialized cells. Conidia are typically pyriform to clavate with truncate bases (6 to 7 by 3.5 to 4 um) and are formed either intercalary (arthroconidia), laterally (often on pedicels), or terminally.

Clinical significance[]

Species of Chrysosporium are occasionally isolated from skin and nail scrapings, especially from feet, but, because they are common soil saprotrophs, they are usually considered as contaminants. There are about 22 species of Chrysosporium, several are with some also being , and cultures may closely resemble some dermatophytes, especially Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and some strains may also resemble cultures of Histoplasma and Blastomyces.

Chrysosporium has been identified as an emerging infectious disease, first in Canada affecting reptiles at around 1995.[3] It infected eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus).[4] By 2011, it had affected northern copperheads (Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen), timber rattlesnakes, black rat snakes, black racer snakes and eastern garter snakes in New Jersey.[3]

Species[]

  • (Sacc. & Marchal) Dominik (1968)
  • F.Liu & L.Cai (2018)
  • Scharapov (1978)
  • Scharapov (1974)
  • Skou (1992)
  • Oorschot (1980)
  • Beguin & Larcher (2005)
  • Tripathi & Kushwaha (2005)
  • Y.W.Zhang, Y.F.Han & Z.Q.Liang (2017)
  • Kushwaha & S.C.Agarwal (1977)
  • Hubka, Mallátová, Čmoková & M.Kolařík (2016)
  • Sigler, Guarro & Punsola (1986)
  • K.Matsush. & Matsush. (1996)
  • Sigler, J.W.Carmich. & H.S.Whitney (1982)
  • P.Vidal & Guarro (2000)
  • Apinis & B.M.Clark (1974)
  • (Varsavsky & Ajello) Oorschot (1980)
  • Skou (1992)
  • P.C.Jain, Deshmukh & S.C.Agarwal (1993)
  • Yan W.Zhang, Y.F.Han & Z.Q.Liang (2016)
  • Sharapov (1978)
  • Skou (1992)
  • Skou (1992)
  • Yan W.Zhang, Y.F.Han & Z.Q.Liang (2016)
  • J.W.Carmich. (1962)
  • Y.W.Zhang, Y.F.Han & Z.Q.Liang (2017)
  • Dominik (1965)
  • Scharapov (1974)
  • Z.Li, G.P.Zeng, J.Ren, X.Zou & Y.F.Han (2017)
  • Z.Q.Liang, J.D.Liang & Y.F.Han (2009)
  • Scharapov (1978)
  • Garg (1966)
  • Stchigel, Cano, Mac Cormack & Guarro (2013)
  • Skou (1992)
  • Sigler (1986)
  • (Ehrenb.) J.W.Carmich. (1962)
  • Skou (1992)
  • P.Vidal & Guarro (2002)
  • Stchigel, Cano, Archuby & Guarro (2013)
  • (Link) J.J.Taylor (1970)
  • (Bonord.) Dominik (1968)
  • (Corda) Oorschot & Stalpers (1980)
  • J.J.Taylor (1970)
  • Oorschot (1980)
  • Skou (1992)
  • Y.F.Han, J.D.Liang & Z.Q.Liang (2013)
  • Apinis & R.G.Rees (1977)
  • Yan W.Zhang, Y.F.Han, J.D.Liang & Z.Q.Liang (2013)
  • (Harz) Dominik (1968)
  • Dominik (1968)
  • Dominik (1968)
  • Yan W. Zhang, Wan H.Chen, X.Zou, Y.F.Han & Z.Q.Liang (2016)
  • Cano & Guarro (1994)
  • Z.Q.Liang (1991)
  • A.Nováková & M. Kolařík (2010)
  • (Sacc.) Dominik (1968)
  • Negroni, Negr. Bonv., R. Freire & Pomina (1963)
  • P.Vidal & Guarro (2002)
  • (Fiedl.) Oorschot & Samson (1980)
  • Oorschot (1980)
  • J.W.Carmich. (1962)
  • Dominik (1968)
  • P.Vidal, Guarro & Ulfig (1999)
  • Oorschot & Piont. (1985)
  • Al-Musallam & C.S.Tan (1989)

References[]

  1. ^ "Synonymy: Chrysosporium Corda, in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., 3 Abt. (Pilze Deutschl.) 3(13): 85 (1833)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
  2. ^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
  3. ^ a b Michele S. Byers (February 14, 2013). "Fungus is killing off our snakes". The Messenger-Gazette.
  4. ^ Allender, M. C.; Dreslik, M.; Wylie, S.; Phillips, C.; Wylie, D. B.; Maddox, C.; Delaney, M. A.; Kinsel, M. J. (2011). "Chrysosporium sp. Infection in Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnakes". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 17 (12): 2383–2384. doi:10.3201/eid1712.110240. PMC 3311193. PMID 22172594.


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