Ciudad Real (Congress of Deputies constituency)

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Ciudad Real
Congress of Deputies
Electoral Constituency
SpanishCongressDistricts(CiudadReal).png
Location of Ciudad Real within Spain
ProvinceCiudad Real
Autonomous communityCastilla–La Mancha
PopulationRed Arrow Down.svg495,761 (2019)[1]
ElectorateRed Arrow Down.svg395,785 (Nov 2019)
Major settlementsCiudad Real, Puertollano, Alcázar de San Juan
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats5
Member(s)
  •   PSOE (2)
  •   PP (2)
  •   Vox (1)

Ciudad Real is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects five deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Ciudad Real. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system[]

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[3]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[4] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.[3][5][6] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[5][6]

Deputies[]

Deputies 1977–present
Key to parties
  PSOE
  Cs
  UCD
  PP
  CP
  AP
  Vox
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
2 3
1st 1979
2 3
2nd 1982
3 2
3rd 1986
3 2
4th 1989
3 2
5th 1993
3 2
6th 1996
2 3
7th 2000
2 3
8th 2004
3 2
9th 2008
2 3
10th 2011
2 3
11th 2015
2 3
12th 2016
2 3
13th 2019 (Apr)
2 1 1 1
14th 2019 (Nov)
2 2 1

Elections[]

November 2019 general election[]

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 92,046 34.27 ±0.00 2 ±0
People's Party (PP) 74,835 27.86 +4.19 2 +1
Vox (Vox) 56,050 20.87 +7.15 1 ±0
United We Can (PodemosIU) 22,250 8.28 –0.89 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 18,337 6.83 –10.43 0 –1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,788 0.67 –0.13 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 484 0.18 New 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen GroupPCASTC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 447 0.17 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,357 0.88 +0.04
Total 268,594 5 ±0
Valid votes 268,594 98.58 ±0.00
Invalid votes 3,876 1.42 ±0.00
Votes cast / turnout 272,470 68.84 –6.35
Abstentions 123,315 31.16 +6.35
Registered voters 395,785
Sources[8]

April 2019 general election[]

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 100,720 34.27 +5.02 2 ±0
People's Party (PP) 69,559 23.67 –19.86 1 –2
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 50,733 17.26 +5.40 1 +1
Vox (Vox) 40,313 13.72 New 1 +1
United We Can (PodemosIUEquo) 26,952 9.17 –4.26 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,360 0.80 –0.04 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen GroupPCASTC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 529 0.18 +0.02 0 ±0
European Retirees Social Democratic Party–Centre Unity (PDSJE–UdeC) 277 0.09 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,464 0.84 +0.15
Total 293,907 5 ±0
Valid votes 293,907 98.58 –0.27
Invalid votes 4,241 1.42 +0.27
Votes cast / turnout 298,148 75.19 +4.63
Abstentions 98,362 24.81 –4.63
Registered voters 396,510
Sources[9]

2016 general election[]

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 121,622 43.53 +5.15 3 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 81,728 29.25 –1.86 2 ±0
United We Can (PodemosIUEquo)1 37,510 13.43 –2.38 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 33,126 11.86 –0.48 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,334 0.84 +0.18 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 679 0.24 –0.31 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 458 0.16 +0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,939 0.69 –0.08
Total 279,396 5 ±0
Valid votes 279,396 98.85 ±0.00
Invalid votes 3,238 1.15 ±0.00
Votes cast / turnout 282,634 70.56 –3.84
Abstentions 117,918 29.44 +3.84
Registered voters 400,552
Sources[10]
Footnotes:

2015 general election[]

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 113,451 38.38 –16.85 3 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 91,959 31.11 –0.86 2 ±0
We Can (Podemos) 36,879 12.48 New 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 36,477 12.34 New 0 ±0
United LeftPopular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 9,834 3.33 –2.07 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,949 0.66 +0.38 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,625 0.55 –3.84 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 560 0.19 New 0 ±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 386 0.13 New 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 174 0.06 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,282 0.77 –0.58
Total 295,576 5 ±0
Valid votes 295,576 98.85 +0.26
Invalid votes 3,427 1.15 –0.26
Votes cast / turnout 299,003 74.40 –0.36
Abstentions 102,882 25.60 +0.36
Registered voters 401,885
Sources[11]

2011 general election[]

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 164,776 55.23 +7.45 3 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 95,375 31.97 –14.80 2 ±0
United Left of Castilla–La ManchaThe Greens: Plural Left (IUCLM–LV) 16,116 5.40 +2.78 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 13,106 4.39 +3.57 0 ±0
Equo (Equo) 1,517 0.51 New 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 1,225 0.41 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 836 0.28 +0.17 0 ±0
Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD) 469 0.16 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 423 0.14 +0.09 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 381 0.13 +0.05 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 101 0.03 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,016 1.35 +0.31
Total 298,341 5 ±0
Valid votes 298,341 98.59 –0.67
Invalid votes 4,264 1.41 +0.67
Votes cast / turnout 302,605 74.76 –3.78
Abstentions 102,159 25.24 +3.78
Registered voters 404,764
Sources[12]

2008 general election[]

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 148,363 47.78 +1.21 3 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 145,225 46.77 –1.35 2 –1
United Left–Alternative (IU) 8,137 2.62 –0.18 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,546 0.82 New 0 ±0
The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 784 0.25 New 0 ±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 353 0.11 New 0 ±0
Social Democratic Party (PSD) 295 0.10 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 249 0.08 New 0 ±0
Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 238 0.08 –0.08 0 ±0
Castilian Unity (UdCa) 198 0.06 –0.14 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 183 0.06 +0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 145 0.05 –0.01 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 118 0.04 New 0 ±0
Commoners' Land (TC) 113 0.04 –0.04 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 83 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Alternative (AES) 80 0.03 New 0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 56 0.02 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 54 0.02 –0.07 0 ±0
Spain 2000 (E–2000) 43 0.01 New 0 ±0
Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC) 19 0.01 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,243 1.04 –0.50
Total 310,525 5 ±0
Valid votes 310,525 99.26 +0.18
Invalid votes 2,328 0.74 –0.18
Votes cast / turnout 312,853 78.54 –0.03
Abstentions 85,490 21.46 +0.12
Registered voters 398,343
Sources[13]

2004 general election[]

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 147,271 48.12 +5.56 3 +1
People's Party (PP) 142,508 46.57 –5.12 2 –1
United Left–Left of Castilla–La Mancha (IU–ICAM) 8,581 2.80 –0.92 0 ±0
Castilian Unity (UdCa) 601 0.20 New 0 ±0
Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 485 0.16 New 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 351 0.11 –0.02 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 288 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 247 0.08 –0.08 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 192 0.06 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 141 0.05 New 0 ±0
Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 140 0.05 +0.01 0 ±0
The Phalanx (FE) 132 0.04 –0.04 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 128 0.04 New 0 ±0
Republican Left (IR) 108 0.04 New 0 ±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR) 85 0.03 New 0 ±0
Authentic Phalanx (FA) 62 0.02 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,721 1.54 +0.29
Total 306,041 5 ±0
Valid votes 306,041 99.08 –0.13
Invalid votes 2,856 0.92 +0.13
Votes cast / turnout 308,897 78.57 +3.81
Abstentions 84,263 21.43 –3.81
Registered voters 393,160
Sources[14]

2000 general election[]

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 150,842 51.69 +6.66 3 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' PartyProgressives (PSOE–p) 124,180 42.56 –2.66 2 –1
United Left (IU) 10,843 3.72 –4.46 0 ±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 552 0.19 New 0 ±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 459 0.16 +0.11 0 ±0
Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS) 384 0.13 –0.14 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 339 0.12 +0.03 0 ±0
The Phalanx (FE) 241 0.08 New 0 ±0
Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000) 184 0.06 New 0 ±0
Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 120 0.04 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,655 1.25 +0.41
Total 291,799 5 ±0
Valid votes 291,799 99.21 –0.15
Invalid votes 2,323 0.79 +0.15
Votes cast / turnout 294,122 74.76 –7.51
Abstentions 99,297 25.24 +7.51
Registered voters 393,419
Sources[15]

1996 general election[]

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 142,101 45.22 –3.79 3 ±0
People's Party (PP) 141,494 45.03 +5.28 2 ±0
United Left–Left of Castilla–La Mancha (IU–ICAM) 25,689 8.18 +0.89 0 ±0
Centrist Union (UC) 862 0.27 –1.86 0 ±0
Regionalist Party of Castilla–La Mancha (PRCM) 788 0.25 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 290 0.09 +0.05 0 ±0
Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) 208 0.07 New 0 ±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 149 0.05 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,632 0.84 +0.15
Total 314,213 5 ±0
Valid votes 314,213 99.36 +0.03
Invalid votes 2,015 0.64 –0.03
Votes cast / turnout 316,228 82.27 +1.44
Abstentions 68,129 17.73 –1.44
Registered voters 384,357
Sources[16]

1993 general election[]

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 146,867 49.01 –3.35 3 ±0
People's Party (PP) 119,123 39.75 +9.78 2 ±0
United Left (IU) 21,856 7.29 +0.98 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 6,383 2.13 –5.80 0 ±0
The Greens (Verdes) 1,481 0.49 –0.26 0 ±0
The Ecologists (LE) 717 0.24 –0.25 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos GroupEuropean Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 550 0.18 –0.62 0 ±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 187 0.06 New 0 ±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 162 0.05 New 0 ±0
Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)1 154 0.05 –0.02 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 121 0.04 –0.02 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,055 0.69 +0.15
Total 299,656 5 ±0
Valid votes 299,656 99.33 +0.24
Invalid votes 2,033 0.67 –0.24
Votes cast / turnout 301,689 80.83 +5.73
Abstentions 71,549 19.17 –5.73
Registered voters 373,238
Sources[17]
Footnotes:

1989 general election[]

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 143,416 52.36 +0.78 3 ±0
People's Party (PP)1 82,074 29.97 –2.05 2 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 21,717 7.93 –1.42 0 ±0
United Left (IU) 17,285 6.31 +2.66 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 2,193 0.80 New 0 ±0
The Greens–Green List (LV–LV) 2,063 0.75 New 0 ±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 1,351 0.49 New 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 948 0.35 +0.05 0 ±0
Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2 501 0.18 –0.42 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 388 0.14 New 0 ±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)3 195 0.07 –0.06 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 168 0.06 New 0 ±0
Centrist Unity–Democratic Spanish Party (PED) 105 0.04 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,480 0.54 –0.05
Total 273,884 5 ±0
Valid votes 273,884 99.09 +0.57
Invalid votes 2,505 0.91 –0.57
Votes cast / turnout 276,389 75.10 +1.69
Abstentions 91,655 24.90 –1.69
Registered voters 368,044
Sources[18]
Footnotes:

1986 general election[]

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 138,568 51.58 –2.38 3 ±0
People's Coalition (APPDPPL)1 86,031 32.02 +3.81 2 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 25,128 9.35 +7.37 0 ±0
United Left (IU)2 9,793 3.65 +0.93 0 ±0
Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 2,161 0.80 New 0 ±0
Communists' Unity Board (MUC) 1,625 0.60 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1,568 0.58 +0.29 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 814 0.30 –0.12 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 604 0.22 +0.17 0 ±0
Republican Popular Unity (UPR) 422 0.16 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 344 0.13 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,582 0.59 +0.21
Total 268,640 5 ±0
Valid votes 268,640 98.52 +0.33
Invalid votes 4,034 1.48 –0.33
Votes cast / turnout 272,674 73.41 –10.02
Abstentions 98,769 26.59 +10.02
Registered voters 371,443
Sources[19]
Footnotes:

1982 general election[]

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 151,168 53.96 +14.59 3 +1
People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (APPDP)1 79,037 28.21 +23.43 2 +2
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 29,443 10.51 –30.87 0 –3
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 7,627 2.72 –5.14 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 5,543 1.98 New 0 ±0
New Force (FN)2 3,222 1.15 –2.95 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,182 0.42 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 809 0.29 New 0 ±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 402 0.14 New 0 ±0
Spanish Solidarity (SE) 236 0.08 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 154 0.05 New 0 ±0
Communist League–Internationalist Socialist Workers' Coalition (LC (COSI)) 149 0.05 New 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 140 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,062 0.38 +0.19
Total 280,174 5 ±0
Valid votes 280,174 98.19 –0.85
Invalid votes 5,152 1.81 +0.85
Votes cast / turnout 285,326 83.43 +15.18
Abstentions 56,683 16.57 –15.18
Registered voters 342,009
Sources[20]
Footnotes:

1979 general election[]

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 100,896 41.38 +0.13 3 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 95,996 39.37 +1.78 2 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 19,171 7.86 +1.59 0 ±0
Democratic Coalition (CD)2 11,659 4.78 –7.84 0 ±0
National Union (UN)3 10,004 4.10 +2.86 0 ±0
Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)4 2,238 0.92 +0.44 0 ±0
Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT) 1,296 0.53 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 910 0.37 New 0 ±0
Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR) 840 0.34 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party (PC) 388 0.16 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 453 0.19 –0.02
Total 243,851 5 ±0
Valid votes 243,851 99.04 +0.22
Invalid votes 2,352 0.96 –0.22
Votes cast / turnout 246,003 68.25 –12.61
Abstentions 114,544 31.75 +12.61
Registered voters 360,747
Sources[21]
Footnotes:

1977 general election[]

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Ciudad Real
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 102,362 41.25 n/a 3 n/a
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 79,715 32.12 n/a 2 n/a
People's Alliance (AP) 31,310 12.62 n/a 0 n/a
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 15,562 6.27 n/a 0 n/a
People's Socialist PartySocialist Unity (PSP–US) 13,582 5.47 n/a 0 n/a
National Alliance July 18 (AN18) 3,085 1.24 n/a 0 n/a
Democratic Left Front (FDI) 1,203 0.48 n/a 0 n/a
Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 811 0.33 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots 512 0.21 n/a
Total 248,142 5 n/a
Valid votes 248,142 98.82 n/a
Invalid votes 2,973 1.18 n/a
Votes cast / turnout 251,115 80.86 n/a
Abstentions 59,432 19.14 n/a
Registered voters 310,547
Sources[22]

References[]

  1. ^ "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. ^ "Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política". Law No. 1 of 4 January 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  3. ^ a b "Constitución Española". Act of 29 December 1978. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  4. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  5. ^ a b "Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales". Royal Decree-Law No. 20 of 18 March 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  6. ^ a b "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  7. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 2017-07-30. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2019. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  9. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. April 2019. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  10. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 2016. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. December 2015. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  12. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2011. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  13. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2008. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2004. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  15. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2000. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  16. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1996. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  17. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1993. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  18. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1989. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  19. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1986. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1982. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  21. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1979. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  22. ^ "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1977. Ciudad Real". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.

Coordinates: 39°00′N 4°00′W / 39.000°N 4.000°W / 39.000; -4.000

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