Foreign relations of Guinea
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 Guinea portal
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The foreign relations of Guinea, including those with its West African neighbors, have improved steadily since 1985.[1]
Diplomatic history[]
Guinea re-established relations with France and West Germany in 1975, and with neighboring Ivory Coast and Senegal in 1978.[citation needed] Guinea has been active in efforts toward regional integration and cooperation, especially regarding the Organisation of African Unity and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).[citation needed]
Guinea has participated in both diplomatic and military efforts to resolve conflicts in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea-Bissau, and contributed contingents of troops to peacekeeping operations in all three countries as part of ECOMOG, the Military Observer Group of ECOWAS.[2] In the 1990s, Guinea hosted almost a million refugees fleeing the civil wars in Sierra Leone and Liberia.[3] As of 2004, Guinea maintained a policy of unrestricted admission to refugees.[3]
Guinea is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the United States military (as covered under Article 98).[4]
2009 ambassador recall[]
On 5 May 2009, President Moussa Dadis Camara, who seized power in a bloodless coup which followed the 22 December 2008 death of President Lansana Conté, announced the recall of 30 of Guinea's ambassadors to other countries.[5] The order was made by a presidential decree on state television and was the first major diplomatic move made by the new leader.[5]
The decision affected ambassadors to the United States, South Korea, the People's Republic of China, France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Egypt, South Africa, Italy, Japan, Brazil, Cuba, Switzerland, Serbia, Malaysia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Senegal, Nigeria, Libya, Ghana, Algeria, Morocco, Gabon, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau, comprising almost all of Guinea's foreign embassies.[5][6][7] The Guinean representatives to the European Union, the United Nations and the African Union were also affected.[5][6]
No reason was stated for the recall.[6] The Tocqueville Connection states: "Most of the ambassadors were appointed by former prime minister Lansana Kouyaté, in office from February 2007 until May 2008,"[6] raising the possibility that the recall was an attempt on the part of Camara to distance himself from the previous government.
In late March 2009, the Guinean ambassador to Serbia faced expulsion for personal involvement in cigarette smuggling (1,000 packs of cigarettes were found in his BMW) but avoided arrest due to diplomatic immunity (although he was declared as persona non grata).[8]
2021 coup d'etat[]
The September 5, 2021 coup d'etat brought swift condemnation and threats of sanctions from the United Nations, the African Union, the West African regional bloc ECOWAS (which suspended Guinea), and close allies of Guinea -- as well as the United States -- among others.[9][10][11] China, uncharacteristically, also openly opposed the coup.[12]
Bilateral relations[]
| Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Armenia |
1992 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992. |
 Azerbaijan
|
11 March 1992[13] | |
 Canada |
March 1962 | |
 China |
14 October 1959 | See China–Guinea relations
The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 14, 1959, making Guinea the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to establish formal relations with China.[16] China has become heavily dependent upon Guinea for bauxite (aluminum ore) -- Guinea's principal export -- consuming half of it.[12] |
 France |
1958 | |
 Malaysia |
| |
 Indonesia |
1963 |
|
 Israel |
2016 | See Guinea–Israel relations
Diplomatic relations between Guinea and Israel were discontinued in 1967. They resumed in June 2016.[21] |
 Mexico |
25 January 1962 | |
 North Korea |
8 October 1958 |
|
 South Korea |
28 August 2006 |
|
 Spain |
See Guinea–Spain relations | |
 Turkey |
1960[25] | |
 United States |
See Guinea – United States relations
Guinea became the first French African colony to gain independence, on 2 October 1958, at the cost of the immediate cessation of all French assistance. After a temporary suspension due to nationwide political unrest in early 2007, the Peace Corps program in Guinea resumed operations at the end of July. Prior to the suspension, Peace Corps had more than 100 volunteers throughout the country, and the program is gradually increasing its numbers again. Volunteers work in four project areas: secondary education, environment/agro-forestry, public health and HIV/AIDS prevention, and small enterprise development. Guinea has also had a strong Crisis Corps program through the last few years. The U.S. "condemned" Guinea's "2008 military coup d��etat," -- but had "close relations" with Guinea before the coup, and after "Guinea’s presidential elections in 2010" -- in support of "democratic reform."[27] However, the U.S. State Department immediately condemned the September 5, 2021 coup d'etat, warning against "violence and any extra-constitutional measures, [which] could limit the ability of the United States and Guinea’s other international partners to support the country..."[9][10]
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 Vietnam |
9 October 1958 |
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See also[]
References[]
- ^ Background Note: Guinea, US Department of State, February 2009
- ^ ECOMOG: peacekeeper or participant?, BBC News Online, February 11, 1998
- ^ Jump up to: a b Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "UNHCR Global Report 2004 - Guinea". UNHCR. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
- ^ Status of US Bilateral Immunity Agreements (BIAs). Coalition of the International Criminal Court
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Sillah, Alhassan (6 May 2009). "Guinea recalls 30 ambassadors, from US to China". Seattle Times. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Guinea junta recalls 30 ambassadors". The Tocqueville Connection. 2009-05-06. Archived from the original on 12 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ "World Digest". Hometown Annapolis. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ Ambasador Gvineje švercovao cigarete
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Guinea coup leader bars foreign travel for government officials," Reuters News Service, retrieved September 6, 2021
- ^ Jump up to: a b "On the Military Seizure of Power in Guinea," September 5, 2021, United States Department of State, retrieved September 6, 2021
- ^ "West African leaders suspend Guinea from Ecowas following coup," September 9, 2021, BBC News, retrieved September 9, 2021
- ^ Jump up to: a b "China Is OK With Interfering in Guinea’s Internal Affairs,", September 8, 2021, Foreign Policy retrieved September 9, 2021
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Guinea". mfa.gov.az. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ Embassy of Canada in Senegal
- ^ Embassy of Guinea in Canada
- ^ http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/focac/183525.htm
- ^ Embassy of Franc in Guinea
- ^ Embassy of Guinea in France
- ^ "几内亚大使馆". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Thailand. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
- ^ "Guinea" (in Indonesian). Indonesian embassy in Dakar, Senegal. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
- ^ http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/2016/Pages/MFA-Dir-Gen-Gold-visits-the-Republic-of-Guinea-22-August-2016.aspx
- ^ Accreditation of Guinea to Mexico
- ^ Embassy of Mexico in Nigeria
- ^ http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070824/1_24450.jsp?menu=m_30_50
- ^ "Relations between Turkey and Guinea". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Relations between Turkey and Guinea".
- ^ "U.S. Relations With Guinea," October 30, 2018, United States Department of State, retrieved September 6, 2021
- ^ Embassy of Guinea in the United States
- ^ Embassy of the United States in Guinea
- ^ "Tài liệu cơ bản về nước Cộng hòa Ghi-nê (Ghi-nê Cô-na-cơ-ri) và quan hệ với Việt Nam".
- Foreign relations of Guinea