Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

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Countries which the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintains diplomatic relations with

The Sovereign Military Order of Malta is a sovereign entity maintaining diplomatic relations with 112 sovereign states (including the Holy See).[1] Additionally, it has observer status or representation at multiple intergovernmental organisations.[2] The Order has non-diplomatic official relations with five more states: France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg and Canada.[1] The Order exchanges ambassadors with the European Union and the State of Palestine.[1][2]

Embassy of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in Ljubljana, Slovenia

At least five[clarification needed] other states maintain no relations with and do not recognize the passports of the Order: Netherlands, Finland, Sweden and Iceland.[3][4]

Bilateral relations[]

Diplomatic relations[]

# Name Diplomatic relations established[5] Notes
1  Afghanistan 2000
2  Albania 1994
3  Angola 13 December 2005
4  Antigua and Barbuda 10 October 2009
5  Argentina 1949
6  Armenia 1998
7  Austria 1957
8  Bahamas 11 November 2008
9  Belarus 1996
10  Belize 2000
11  Benin 1972
12  Bolivia 1962
13  Bosnia and Herzegovina 1997
14  Brazil 1952
15  Bulgaria 1994
16  Burkina Faso 1973
17  Cambodia 1993
18  Cameroon 1961
19  Cape Verde 1996
20  Central African Republic 1981
21  Chad 1989
22  Chile 1956
23  Colombia 1957
24  Comoros 1981
25  Congo 1992
26  Democratic Republic of Congo 1984
27  Costa Rica 1958
28  Croatia 22 December 1992[6]
29  Cuba 1960
30  Cyprus 6 June 2012[7]
31  Czech Republic 1990
32  Dominican Republic 1957
33  Ecuador 1954[5] On 10 February 2012, President Rafael Correa issued a decree to withdraw recognition and initiate the process of canceling relations,[8] starting from May.[1][5] Later on, the relations restored by President Lenín Moreno on 24 September 2019.[9]
34  Egypt 1980
35  El Salvador 1951
36  Equatorial Guinea 1996
37  Eritrea 1999
38  Estonia 11 March 2020 [10]
39  Ethiopia 1970
–  European Union 1987 Ambassador level relations.[2]
40  Gabon 1963
41  Georgia 1998
42  Germany 15 November 2017 Official relations at the level of delegation started in 1956,[5] then Diplomatic relations in 2017.[11]
43  Greece 4 December 2021[12]
44  Grenada 6 November 2015 [13]
45  Guatemala 1959
46  Guinea 1986
47  Guinea-Bissau 1997
48  Guyana 1999
49  Haiti 1947
50   Holy See 1930 formerly relations from 1113[5]—[when?].
51  Honduras 1959
52  Hungary 1990 formerly relations from 1923[5]—[when?].
53  Italy 1956 formerly relations from 1884-02-20[5]—[when?] and from 1935[5]—[when?].
54  Ivory Coast 1972
55  Jordan 29 June 2003
56  Kazakhstan 1998
57  Kenya 14 September 2007
58  Kiribati 2002
59  Latvia 1995
60  Lebanon 1954
61  Lesotho 7 December 2021[14]
62  Liberia 1959
63  Liechtenstein 1994
64  Lithuania 1997
65  Madagascar 1990
66  Mali 1986
67  Malta 1966
68  Marshall Islands 2002
69  Mauritania 1977
70  Mauritius 1977
71  Micronesia 12 November 1997[15]
72  Moldova 5 May 2001[16]
73  Monaco 1957 Before 2009[specify] relations with Monaco were maintained through a diplomatic special mission,[17] but afterwards they were regularized.[1]
74  Montenegro 5 September 2006
75  Morocco 1986
76  Mozambique 1997
77  Namibia 2009
78  Nauru 5 October 2018
79  Nicaragua 1953
80  Niger 1970
81  North Macedonia 1996
–  State of Palestine September 2011 Ambassador level relations.[1]
82  Panama 1948
83  Paraguay 1952
84  Peru 1954
85  Philippines 1965
86  Poland 9 July 1990[18]
87  Portugal 1951
88  Romania 24 May 1991[19]
89  Russia 7 August 1992[20] Relations with the Russian Federation are maintained through a diplomatic special mission.[1]
90  Saint Lucia 1999
91  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1997
92  San Marino 1969
93  Sao Tome and Principe 1997
94  Senegal 1965
95  Serbia 2001
96  Seychelles 1992
97  Sierra Leone 2008
98  Slovakia 1990
99  Slovenia 1992
100  Somalia 1961
101  Spain 1937
102  Sudan 1993
103  South Sudan 14 November 2014 [21]
104  Suriname 1999
105  Tajikistan 2001
106  Thailand 1984
107  Timor-Leste 18 September 2006
108  Togo 1973
109  Turkmenistan 30 October 2007
110  Ukraine 9 February 2008
111  Uruguay 1965
112  Venezuela 1970

Official relations[]

Name Official relations established Region Notes
 Belgium 1960 Europe
 Canada 4 June 2008 Americas
 France 1982 Europe formerly relations from 1924-08-28[5]—[when?]. France does not recognise the SMOM as a subject of international law.[22]
 Luxembourg 1995 Europe
  Switzerland 1960 Europe

Unofficial relations[]

The Order of Malta has unofficial relations with the Republic of China through the Embassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See in Rome (Italy).[23]

Countries without established relations[]

Countries with which the Order currently has no established relations:

  • Europe: Andorra, Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway
  • Africa: Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Djibouti, Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland
  • Asia: People's Republic of China, Mongolia (accepts its stamps),[24] North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Israel, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan
  • Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Vanuatu, Palau, Tuvalu, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands, Niue
  • The Americas: United States, Mexico, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Dominica, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago

Intergovernmental organizations[]

The Order of Malta has observer status at the following organizations:[2]

Organization observer since Notes
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 1962[5]
Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations 1983[5]
International Atomic Energy Agency 1983[5]
United Nations General Assembly 24 August 1994[5]
International Fund for Agricultural Development
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
World Food Programme
World Health Organization

The Order of Malta has delegations or representations to the following organizations:[2]

Organization participates since Notes
Council of Europe 1975[5]
International Institute for the Unification of Private Law 1984[5]
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission
Inter-American Development Bank
International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property
International Committee of Military Medicine
International Committee of the Red Cross
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
International Institute of Humanitarian Law
International Organization for Migration
Latin Union

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Sovereign Order of Malta. "Bilateral relations". Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d e Sovereign Order of Malta. "Multilateral relations". Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  3. ^ "SMOM Bilateral relations with countries". Orderofmalta.int. Retrieved 2018-02-21.
  4. ^ "Council of the European Union - Schengen Visa Working Party - Table of travel documents". Archived from the original on 2012-01-14. Retrieved 2011-11-29.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Diplomatic Relation of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta" (DOC). Worldstatesmen.org. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  6. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-08-13. Retrieved 2011-12-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ "Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Sovereign Order of Malta formally established". Orderofmalta.int. 6 June 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  8. ^ "La Orden Soberana de Malta". Elcomercio.com. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  9. ^ "A renewed friendship between Ecuador and the Order of Malta". Order of Malta. 24 September 2019.
  10. ^ "Estonia and Sovereign Order of Malta establish diplomatic relations". Order of Malta. 11 March 2020.
  11. ^ "Official Visit of the German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, for the opening of diplomatic relations between Germany and the Order of Malta". Orderofmalta.int. 15 November 2017. Retrieved 2017-11-15.
  12. ^ "Sovereign Order of Malta announces opening of diplomatic relations with Hellenic Republic". 4 December 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
  13. ^ "Establishment of diplomatic relations with Grenada". Orderofmalta.int. 12 November 2015. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  14. ^ "Order of Malta's mission to the UN in New York announces opening of diplomatic ties with the Kingdom of Lesotho". 7 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  15. ^ "FSM Diplomatic Relations List". Fsmgov.org. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  16. ^ Primul Ambasador al Republicii Moldova pe lângă Ordinul Suveran Militar de Malta – decorat cu o înaltă distincție (foto) (in Romanian).
  17. ^ [1][dead link]
  18. ^ "Odpowiedź na zapytanie w sprawie stanu stosunków dyplomatycznych utrzymywanych przez Rzeczpospolitą Polską z Suwerennym Zakonem Rycerskim Szpitalników im. Jana Jerozolimskiego, zwanym Zakonem Maltańskim". Orka2.sejm.gov.pl. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  19. ^ Ordinul Suveran de Malta în România (in Romanian).
  20. ^ "Мальтийские Игры". Hist.ru. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  21. ^ "The Order of Malta strengthens its action in South Sudan three years after the birth of the nation". Orderofmalta.int. 17 November 2014. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  22. ^ "The Sovereignty of the Order of Malta". Heraldica.org. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
  23. ^ "Donation to the Holy Family Hospital from the Republic of China (Taiwan)". orderofmalta.int. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  24. ^ "Associate Countries". Orderofmalta.int. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
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