Fuyu County, Heilongjiang
Fuyu County
富裕县 | |
|---|---|
  Fuyu Location in Heilongjiang | |
| Coordinates: 47°48′N 124°28′E / 47.800°N 124.467°ECoordinates: 47°48′N 124°28′E / 47.800°N 124.467°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Heilongjiang |
| Prefecture-level city | Qiqihar |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Fuyu (Chinese: 富裕; pinyin: Fùyù) is a county of western Heilongjiang province, China, under the administration of Qiqihar City,[1] the downtown of which is 65 kilometres (40 mi) to the southwest.[citation needed] Various economic crops and the milk are produced in the fertile land.[citation needed] The county has an area of 4,335 square kilometres (1,674 sq mi), and a population of 300,000 inhabitants.[citation needed]
Toponymy[]
Fuyu County is named after the nearby , which derives from a Jurchen word for waterlogged depression.[1] The county's name been transcribed into Chinese in a number of different ways, such as Wuyur (Chinese: 乌裕尔; pinyin: Wūyù'ěr), Huyur (Chinese: 呼裕尔; pinyin: Hūyù‘ěr), Huyur (Chinese: 瑚裕尔; pinyin: Húyù'ěr), and Wuyur (Chinese: 乌雨尔; pinyin: Wūyǔ'ěr).[1]
History[]
The area of present-day Fuyu County was once inhabited by the Sushen.[1]
The area also once belonged to the kingdom of Buyeo, and later .[1]
The area would later be inhabited by the Heishui Mohe.[1]
The Liao dynasty then conquered the area, and placed it under , which was then administered by .[1]
Under the Jin dynasty, the area was administered as .[1]
Following the Jin dynasty, the area was ruled by the Yuan dynasty.[1]
Under the Ming dynasty, which followed the Yuan, the area was administered as part of the Nurgan Regional Military Commission.[1]
During the Qing dynasty, the area was administered as part of Qiqihar.[1] In 1685, Qing settlers established a settlement in contemporary , known as Dalaiketun (Chinese: 大来克屯; pinyin: Dàláikètún).[1] Towards the end of the Qing dynasty, the region was put under the administration of and .[1]
On March 19, 1929, the Republic of China reorganized the area as , an .[1]
On October 1, 1933, the puppet state of Manchukuo established Fuyu County.[1] Since then, the county has changed provinces numerous times, and has changed prefecture a number of times, until December 15, 1984, when it was placed under Qiqihar, which is has remained since.[1]
Administrative divisions[]
Fuyu County is divided into six towns, three townships, and one ethnic township.[2]
The county's six towns are , , , , , and .[2]
The county's three townships are , , and .[2]
The county's sole ethnic township is .[2]
Climate[]
Fuyu has a cold, monsoon-influenced, humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with four distinct seasons. It has long, bitterly cold, dry winters and very warm, rainy summers.
| hideClimate data for Fuyu County, Heilongjiang (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
7.9 (46.2) |
21.8 (71.2) |
28.9 (84.0) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.3 (100.9) |
38.1 (100.6) |
35.5 (95.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
38.3 (100.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −14.3 (6.3) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
1.4 (34.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
27.6 (81.7) |
25.8 (78.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
10.2 (50.4) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −20.7 (−5.3) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
5.6 (42.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.4 (72.3) |
20.4 (68.7) |
13.5 (56.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −26 (−15) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.4 (59.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
−22.3 (−8.1) |
−3 (27) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −40.3 (−40.5) |
−36.5 (−33.7) |
−31.2 (−24.2) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
9.2 (48.6) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−37.5 (−35.5) |
−40.3 (−40.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) |
1.7 (0.07) |
4.8 (0.19) |
18.7 (0.74) |
31.9 (1.26) |
67.6 (2.66) |
126.6 (4.98) |
101.0 (3.98) |
58.8 (2.31) |
20.8 (0.82) |
4.9 (0.19) |
3.5 (0.14) |
442.3 (17.42) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 5.8 | 7.7 | 12.2 | 13.8 | 11.7 | 9.6 | 5.9 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 88.2 |
| Source: Weather China | |||||||||||||
Demographics[]
Ethnic groups[]
The county is home to 17 different ethnic groups: Han Chinese, Manchu, Daur, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Buyi, Korean, Xibe, Yao, Ewenki, Oroqen, and Uygur.[3] Much of the county's ethnic minorities live in villages clustered together, such as Manchus living in the village of Sanjiazi (Chinese: 三家子; Romanized Manchu: Ilan Boo), Kyrgyz living in Wujiazi (Chinese: 五家子), Daurs living in Dengke (Chinese: 登科) and other villages, and Mongols living in Daxiaoquanzi (Chinese: 大小泉子).[3]
Manchu[]
Fuyu County is home to approximately 7,000 Manchu people, most of whom live in the villages of Damagang (Chinese: 大马岗), Xiaomagang (Chinese: 小马岗), and Dagaoliang (Chinese: 大高粱).[3] The town of hosts an annual Manchu sports festival, which includes horse racing, wrestling, archery, a competition in the traditional Manchu sport of pearl ball (Chinese: 珍珠球), and other events.[3]
Daur[]
Fuyu County's government estimates that there are approximately 6,000 Daur people living in the county, and that the county's Daur population migrated to the area during the 1750s.[3]
Villages in Fuyu County with large amounts of Daur people include Dengke (Chinese: 登科) Dongji (Chinese: 东极), Dahazhou (Chinese: 大哈洲), Liangchufang (Chinese: 两出房), Shiwuli (Chinese: 十五里), Dongtaha (Chinese: 东塔哈), Xiaogaoliang (Chinese: 小高粱), Xitaha (Chinese: 西塔哈), Kumu (Chinese: 库木), Jiqibao (Chinese: 吉期堡) and Fufeng (Chinese: 富丰).[3]
Mongol[]
Fuyu County is home to over 2,000 Mongols, who are predominately Oirats.[3] The county's Mongol population is largely concentrated in the villages of Daquanzi (Chinese: 大泉子), Xiaoquanzi (Chinese: 小泉子), Chenjiazi (Chinese: 陈家子), Bajiazi (Chinese: 八家子), and Sanjianfang (Chinese: 三间房).[3]
Fuyu Kyrgyz[]
The largely Kyrgyz village of Wujiazi is the largest concentration of Kyrgyz people in China, outside of Xinjiang.[3] Of the 653 people who live in the village, 219 (33.54%) are Kyrgyz.[3] Fuyu County as a whole has 1,400 Kyrgyz people.[3] The Fuyu Kyrgyz are a separate from the other Kyrgyz ethnic group (see the Fuyu Kyrgyz language classification), but usually listed as Kyrgyz by the authorities.
Languages[]
Sanjiazi (三家子; Romanized Manchu: Ilan Boo) in Fuyu County is one of the few villages whose elderly inhabitants are considered to being the last native speakers of Manchu.[3][4] The village's school offers courses in Manchu.[3]
The Fuyu Kyrgyz language is spoken in Fuyu County. It is not a variety of Kyrgyz, but is closer to the Siberian modern Khakas and the ancient language of the Yenisei Kyrgyz.[citation needed]
See also[]
- Aihui District, home to the village of Dawujia, which also boasts native Manchu speakers
- Daur people
- Kyrgyz in China
- Manchu people
- Sanjiazi
External links[]
- Official website of Fuyu County Government
- 51yala.com map of Fuyu County (in Chinese)
- onegreen.net map of Fuyu County (in Chinese)
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p 富裕县历史沿革 [Fuyu County Organizational History]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2012-11-08. Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2021-02-14.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d 2020年统计用区划代码（富裕县） [2020 Statistical Division Codes (Fuyu County)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2021-02-14.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m 民俗宗教 [Folklore and Religion] (in Chinese). Fuyu County People's Government. Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2021-02-14.
- ^ "A Sanjiazi trip report". Archived from the original on 2010-03-15. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
- Qiqihar
- Heilongjiang