Global Innovation Index

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Global Innovation Index
Global Innovation Index 2021 cover page.jpg
LanguageEnglish, French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, German, Korean, Portuguese, Japanese
Publication details
History2007–present
Publisher
FrequencyAnnual
LicenseCC BY 4.0
ISO 4Find out here
Indexing
ISSN2263-3693
Links
Framework showing the elements of the Index

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation. It was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. Until 2021 it was published by the World Intellectual Property Organization, in partnership with Cornell University, INSEAD, and other organisations and institutions,[2]: 333 [3] and based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the International Telecommunication Union, the World Bank and the World Economic Forum.[1]: 203 


History[]

The index was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203  a British magazine. It was created by Soumitra Dutta.[4]

Methodology[]

The index is computed by taking a simple average of the scores in two sub-indices, the Innovation Input Index and Innovation Output Index, which are composed of five and two pillars respectively. Each of these pillars describe an attribute of innovation, and comprise up to five indicators, and their score is calculated by the weighted average method.[5]

Since its inception in 2007, an increasing number of governments systematically analyze their annual GII results and design policy responses to improve their performance.[6][7][8][9][10] The index is mentioned in a resolution on science, technology and innovation for sustainable development adopted on 19 December 2019 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.[11]

The index has been criticized for giving excessive significance attributed to factors that aren’t integral to innovation. For instance, “Ease of Paying Taxes“, “Electricity Output“(half-weightage) and “Ease of Protecting Minority Investors” are factors alongside “Ease of Getting Credit” and “Venture Capital Deals“.[12]

Themes[]

Every two years the GII covers a theme related to innovation which goes beyond the innovation rankings. In 2020, the theme was “Who will finance innovation?” shedding light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of existing mechanisms and pointing to progress and remaining challenges. Previous GII themes covered health innovation, environmental innovation, agricultural and food innovation, and others.[13]

Ranking[]

The top 50 ranking for 2021:[14]

Country/Territory Income Group

Rank

Region Region Rank
1 Switzerland 1 Europe 1
2 Sweden 2 Europe 2
3 United States 3 Northern America 1
4 United Kingdom 4 Europe 3
5 South Korea 5 East Asia 1
6 Netherlands 6 Europe 4
7 Finland 7 Europe 5
8 Singapore 8 Southeast Asia 1
9 Denmark 9 Europe 6
10 Germany 10 Europe 7
11 France 11 Europe 8
12 China 12 East Asia 2
13 Japan 13 East Asia 3
14 Hong Kong 14 East Asia 4
15 Israel 15 Western Asia 1
16 Canada 16 Northern America 2
17 Iceland 17 Europe 9
18 Austria 18 Europe 10
19 Ireland 19 Europe 11
20 Norway 20 Europe 12
21 Estonia 21 Europe 13
22 Belgium 22 Europe 14
23 Luxembourg 23 Europe 15
24 Czech Republic 24 Europe 16
25 Australia 25 Oceania 1
26 New Zealand 26 Oceania 2
27 Malta 27 Europe 17
28 Cyprus 28 Western Asia 2
29 Italy 29 Europe 18
30 Spain 30 Europe 19
31 Portugal 31 Europe 20
32 Slovenia 32 Europe 21
33 United Arab Emirates 33 Western Asia 3
34 Hungary 34 Europe 22
35 Bulgaria 35 Europe 23
36 Malaysia 36 Southeast Asia 2
37 Slovakia 37 Europe 24
38 Latvia 38 Europe 25
39 Lithuania 39 Europe 26
40 Poland 40 Europe 27
41 Turkey 41 Western Asia 4
42 Croatia 42 Europe 28
43 Thailand 43 Southeast Asia 3
44 Vietnam 44 Southeast Asia 4
45 Russia 45 Europe 29
46 India 46 South Asia 1
47 Greece 47 Europe 30
48 Romania 48 Europe 31
49 Ukraine 49 Europe 32
50 Montenegro 50 Europe 33

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Jean-Eric Aubert (editor) (2010). Innovation Policy: A Guide for Developing Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. ISBN 9780821382691.
  2. ^ Charles H. Matthews, Ralph Brueggemann (2015). Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Competency Framework. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415742528.
  3. ^ "UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  4. ^ "2021-2022 Academic Partners for the Global Innovation Index". Portulans Institute. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  5. ^ Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (editors) (2015). Global Innovation Index Report 2015. Fontainebleau; Ithaca; Geneva: INSEAD, Cornell and WIPO. ISBN 9782952221085. Archived 18 February 2016.
  6. ^ The Philippine Innovation Act declares the GII as a measure of innovation: https://neda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/RA-11293-or-the-Philippine-Innovation-Act.pdf. This document in html format is here: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2019/ra_11293_2019.html
  7. ^ In July 2021, the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters under the Prime Minister's Office in Japan decided on the Intellectual Property Promotion Plan 2021, setting forth a plan of annual action related to intellectual property for all ministries and agencies. In the first part of the plan, WIPO's GII is cited (p.5):https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/kettei/chizaikeikaku20210713.pdf
  8. ^ The GII is also cited throughout the official Malaysian Government report, the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK12): https://rmke12.epu.gov.my/en.
  9. ^ The Vietnamese Government makes reference to the GII in its resolution No. 01/NQ-CP dated January 2021 on solutions for implementation of socio economic development plan in 2021: https://english.luatvietnam.vn/resolution-no-01-nq-cp-dated-january-01-2021-of-the-government-on-major-tasks-and-solutions-guiding-the-realization-of-the-socio-economic-developmen-196535-Doc1.html
  10. ^ "UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  11. ^ A/RES/74/229: Seventy-fourth session: Agenda item 20 (b): Globalization and interdependence: science, technology and innovation for sustainable development: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2019. Accessed December 2021.
  12. ^ Dašić, Predrag; Dašić, Jovan; Antanasković, Dejan; Pavićević, Nina (2020). Karabegović, Isak (ed.). "Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Global Innovation Index (GII) of Serbia". New Technologies, Development and Application III. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 128: 515–521. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46817-0_59. ISBN 978-3-030-46817-0. S2CID 218917874.
  13. ^ https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=129
  14. ^ Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin, Lorena Rivera León, Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (editors) (2021). Global Innovation Index 2021. Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization. ISBN 9789280533071.
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Further reading[]

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