Hymenopterida
| Hymenopterida | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male small skipper (Thymelicus sylvestris) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| (unranked): | Eumetabola |
| (unranked): | Endopterygota |
| Superorder: | Hymenopterida |
| Orders | |
| |
Hymenopterida is a superorder of insects, comprising Hymenoptera and the orders of Panorpida (Mecoptera, Siphonaptera, Diptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera).[1] The superorder is a member of Endopterygota and most closely related to the orders of Neuropterida and Coleopterida (Coleoptera and Strepsiptera).
Evolution[]
The cladogram based on a 2008 DNA and protein analysis, shows the internal relationships of the superorder as a clade of Hymenoptera and the orders of Panorpida. [2][3][4][5]
| Hymenopterida |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also[]
- Hymenoptera Genome Database
- Insects in literature (ant, bee, wasp)
- Worker policing
References[]
- ^ Weaver J.S.I. The Evolution And Classification Of Trichoptera, With A Revision Of The Lepidostomatidae And A North American Synopsis Of This Family. Degree: Ph.D. Degree Year: 1983 Institute: Clemson University
- ^ Whiting, Michael F.; Whiting, Alison S.; Hastriter, Michael W.; Dittmar, Katharina (2008). "A molecular phylogeny of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera): origins and host associations". Cladistics. 24 (5): 677–707. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.731.5211. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00211.x. S2CID 33808144.
- ^ Yeates, David K.; Wiegmann, Brian. "Endopterygota Insects with complete metamorphosis". Tree of Life. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- ^ Whiting, Michael F. (2002). "Mecoptera is paraphyletic: multiple genes and phylogeny of Mecoptera and Siphonaptera". Zoologica Scripta. 31 (1): 93–104. doi:10.1046/j.0300-3256.2001.00095.x. S2CID 56100681. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05.
- ^ Wiegmann, Brian; Yeates, David K. (2012). The Evolutionary Biology of Flies. Columbia University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-231-50170-5.
External links[]
Data related to Hymenopterida at Wikispecies
| Topics |
|  |
|---|---|---|
| Groups |
| |
| In culture | ||
| Pioneers, works |
| |
- Hymenoptera
- Cenozoic insects
- Extant Triassic first appearances
- Insect superorders
- Mesozoic insects
- Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
- Triassic insects