Jalayirid Sultanate

Jalayirid Sultanate
1335–1432
Flag attributed to Persia and the city of Saldania by the Book of All Kingdoms possibly belonged to Jalayirids
Division of Ilkhanate territory
Capital	Baghdad (until 1358 and 1388–1411) Tabriz (1358–1388) Basra (1411–1432)
Common languages	Persian (official, poetry)[1][2] Mongolian (government)[3] Arabic (diplomatic)[3]
Government	Monarchy
History
• Established	1335
• Disestablished	1432
Preceded by Succeeded by Ilkhanate Kara Koyunlu
Today part of	Iran Iraq Syria

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Jalairid coinage, Baghdad, 1382-1387.

The Jalayirid Sultanate was a Persianate^[4] Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over Iraq and western Persia after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s.^[5] It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep") Turkmen. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Kara Koyunlu in 1432.

Government[]

The Jalayirid administration was modeled after Ilkhanate protocols, with documents in Persian and Mongolian.^[3] Its diplomatic correspondence also copied the Ilkhanate's, using a red ink square seal with Islamic phrases in Arabic.^[3]

Rulers[]

Family tree[]

See also[]

• Chupanids

References[]

Sources[]

• Jackson, Peter (2008). "Jalayerids". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4. pp. 415–419.
• Wing, Patrick (2016). The Jalayirids: Dynastic State Formation in the Mongol Middle East. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–256. ISBN 9781474402262.

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