Languages of Chile

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A Mapuche woman in traditional dress

The Republic of Chile is an overwhelmingly Spanish-speaking country, with the exceptions of isolated native, who also speak Spanish as a first language and immigrant communities. According to Ethnologue, Chile has nine living languages and seven extinct.^[1]

Spanish[]

Of the 18 million Chileans, 99% speak Chilean Spanish as their mother tongue.^[1] Chilean Spanish includes different slangs and coloquial language, which is sometimes difficult for speakers of the Castilian variant of Spanish to understand. It has similarities to Andalusian Spanish in pronunciation but it does have a lot of local vocabulary.

Native languages[]

Mapudungun[]

Less than one million Mapuche live in Chile, of whom 114,000 speak Mapudungun.^[1] Huilliche dialect or Chesungun is a divergent variety of Mapudungun that had 2,000 speakers in 1982, living in the Los Ríos and Los Lagos regions. As most of those speakers were elderly, it is possible that there are no existing speakers today.^[1]

Quechua[]

Chilean Quechua has 8,200 speakers in the far northeast high plains. It is believed to possibly be identical to South Bolivian Quechua or at the very least highly intelligible to those that speak it.^[1]

Other languages[]

• Central Aymará has 935 speakers in Putre and Arica Province.^[1]
• Kawésqar has only 7 remaining speakers.^[1]
• Rapa Nui has approx. 1,000 speakers on Easter Island.^[2]
• Yámana has Cristina Calderón as a sole speaker and will likely become extinct soon.^[3]

Extinct languages[]

Some indigenous languages of Chile now extinct are Diaguita, Kunza and Selk'nam.^[1]

German[]

Although it is estimated that 500,000 to 550,000 Chileans have some German ancestry, the number who speak German has been in decline since the end of World War II. In the 1980s it was estimated that some 35,000 German Chileans spoke German,^[1] but today it is spoken only by some 20,000, most of them living in Los Ríos and Los Lagos Region.^[4]

English[]

Large numbers of Chileans, especially those from higher levels of socio-economic classes speak or understand English to some degree. British schools are common and some have long histories that derive from English migrants in the 19th century.^{[citation needed]}

Chilean Sign Language[]

According to the World Federation of the Deaf 2008 survey report for South America, Chile's official number of deaf citizens is 66,500.^[5] The number who master Chilean Sign Language is uncertain, but if it follows the general norm of one in four deaf persons having learnt sign language^{[citation needed]}, the number of sign language users in Chile should be around 16,000.

Notes[]

External links[]

• Ethnologue: Chile
• Chilean Slang… from A to Z – This is Chile
• Chilean Expressions – This is Chile