List of English by-elections (1689–1700)

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This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in England held between 1689 and 1700, with the names of the previous incumbent and the victor in the by-election.

In the absence of a comprehensive and reliable source, for party and factional alignments in this period, no attempt is made to define them in this article. The House of Commons: 1690-1715 and The House of Commons: 1660-1690 provides some guidance to the complex and shifting political relationships, but it is significant that the compilers of those works make no attempt to produce a definitive list of each members allegiances.

Dates[]

During this period England counted its legal year as beginning on 25 March. For the purposes of this list the year is considered to have started on 1 January.

By-elections[]

The c/u column denotes whether the by-election was a contested poll or an unopposed return. If the winner was re-elected, at the next general election and any intermediate by-elections, this is indicated by an * following the c or u. In a few cases the winner was elected at the next general election but had not been re-elected in a by-election after the one noted. In those cases no * symbol is used.

Convention Parliament of 1689 (1689–1690)[]

Date Constituency c/u Former Incumbent Winner Cause
30 January 1689 Malmesbury u Thomas Tollemache Chose to sit for Westmorland
31 January 1689 Bere Alston u Sir John Maynard Sir John Holt Chose to sit for Plymouth
4 February 1689 Monmouth u John Arnold John Williams Chose to sit for Southwark
8 February 1689 Great Marlow u Sir John Borlase Death
8 February 1689 Higham Ferrers u Lewis Watson Chose to sit for Carmarthenshire
14 February 1689 Thetford c* Sir Henry Hobart Chose to sit for Norfolk
15 February 1689 Richmond u Death
16 February 1689 Scarborough u* William Harbord Chose to sit for Launceston
19 February 1689 Hampshire c Lord William Powlett Thomas Jervoise Chose to sit for Winchester
25 March 1689 Old Sarum c* Void Election
c Thomas Pitt John Hawles
6 April 1689 Tregony u Charles Boscawen Robert Harley Death
18 April 1689 Derbyshire u Sir John Gell Sir Philip Gell Death
2 May 1689 Wareham u Death
7 May 1689 Beverley u Sir John Hotham Sir John Hotham Death
8 May 1689 Tamworth u Henry Sydney Henry Boyle Elevated to the peerage
14 May 1689 City of London c Sir William Ashhurst Death
14 May 1689 Nottinghamshire u Lord Houghton John White Succeeded to a peerage
21 May 1689 Bere Alston u Sir John Holt Sir John Trevor Appointed Lord Chief Justice
22 May 1689 Abingdon c John Southby Void Election
John Southby Sir John Stonhouse By-election results reversed on petition 8 January 1690.
23 May 1689 New Windsor c Sir Christopher Wren Sir Algernon May Void Election
28 May 1689 Ipswich c* Peyton Ventris Sir Charles Blois Appointed Puisne Justice of the Common Pleas
28 May 1689 Lincoln u* Sir Henry Monson Sir Edward Hussey Discharged from sitting as a non-juror.
30 May 1689 Salisbury c* Giles Eyre Thomas Pitt Appointed Puisne Justice of the King's Bench
6 June 1689 Exeter c* Henry Pollexfen Appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
11 June 1689 Hereford c* Sir William Gregory Henry Cornewall Appointed Puisne Justice of the King's Bench
13 June 1689 Northamptonshire u Sir Thomas Samwell Death
20 June 1689 Thetford u William Harbord John Trenchard Chose to sit for Launceston
25 June 1689 Newport (I.o.W.) u Death
10 July 1689 Plymouth c* Arthur Herbert John Granville Elevated to the peerage
15 July 1689 Higham Ferrers u* Lewis Watson Succeeded to a peerage
25 July 1689 Appleby u* William Cheyne Death
9 August 1689 Hastings c* John Ashburnham John Beaumont Elevated to the peerage
18 September 1689 Mitchell c(*) The Viscount Fanshawe Discharged from sitting as a non-juror
By-election results reversed on petition 17 December 1689.
19 September 1689 Dartmouth c(*) Death
By-election results reversed on petition 28 November 1689.
26 September 1689 Stockbridge c Death
21 November 1689 Lancaster c* Curwen Rawlinson Roger Kirkby Death
25 November 1689 Southampton c(*) Death
Sir Charles Wyndham By-election results reversed on petition 31 December 1689.
9 December 1689 Bletchingley u Death
9 December 1689 Dorchester c Gerard Napier Thomas Chafin Death
14 December 1689 Great Marlow u* Sir William Whitelock Death
23 December 1689 Westmorland u Goodwin Wharton Death
28 December 1689 Peterborough u* William Brownlow Death
28 December 1689 Stockbridge c Thomas Neale Void Election
17 January 1690 Wells u Thomas Wyndham Death

(1690–1695)[]

Date Constituency c/u Former Incumbent Winner Cause
9 April 1690 St Mawes u* Henry Seymour Chose to sit for Totnes
10 April 1690 Taunton u* Sir William Portman Death
26 April 1690 Plympton Erle c Sir George Treby Void Election
John Pollexfen
30 April 1690 Penryn u Sidney Godolphin Chose to sit for Devon
8 May 1690 Boston u* Lord Willoughby de Eresby Peregrine Bertie Elevated to the House of Lords through a writ in acceleration
17 May 1690 Bishop's Castle u Death
26 May 1690 Thetford u William Harbord Baptist May Chose to sit for Launceston
25 September 1690 Minehead u* Chose to sit for Somerset
8 October 1690 Amersham u William Montagu Death
10 October 1690 Bath c The Viscount Fitzhardinge Joseph Langton Death
14 October 1690 Sudbury u* Sir Thomas Barnardiston Death
16 October 1690 East Retford u* Evelyn Pierrepont Richard Taylor Succeeded to a peerage
18 October 1690 Minehead u* Francis Luttrell Alexander Luttrell Death
20 October 1690 Callington u Death
4 November 1690 Plymouth u John Maynard Death
5 December 1690 Preston c Lord Willoughby de Eresby Elevated to the House of Lords through a writ in acceleration
9 December 1690 Chippenham c(*) Sir Basil Firebrace Death
16 December 1690 Newport (Cornwall) c* The Viscount Newhaven Chose to sit for Harwich
14 January 1691 Ludlow c William Gower Void Election
Thomas Hanmer Silius Titus
6 April 1691 Aylesbury c Sir Thomas Lee Death
20 April 1691 Hindon u Thomas Chafin The Viscount Fitzhardinge Death
20 April 1691 Tiverton u Sir Anthony Keck Death
4 May 1691 Stockbridge c Thomas Jervoise Death
22 May 1691 Weymouth and Melcombe Regis u* Nicholas Gould Thomas Freke Death
5 June 1691 Weobley c(*) John Birch Thomas Foley Death (Two MPs elected due to a Double Return)
John Birch
Thomas Foley Thomas Foley Foley declared elected 12 November 1691
John Birch
26 October 1691 Chipping Wycombe u* William Jephson Charles Godfrey Death
27 October 1691 Nottinghamshire u* William Sacheverell John White Death
27 October 1691 Rochester u Francis Clerke Caleb Banks Death
30 October 1691 Ripon u* Sir Edmund Jennings Death
30 October 1691 Saltash u Narcissus Luttrell Death
31 October 1691 Calne c Henry Bayntun Death
6 November 1691 Dunwich c(*) Sir Philip Skippon John Bence Death (Two MPs elected due to a Double Return)
John Bence John Bence Bence declared elected 8 December 1691
9 November 1691 Westminster c* William Pulteney Sir Stephen Fox Death
16 November 1691 Hampshire u Richard Norton Death
16 November 1691 Kent u Sir Vere Fane Sir Thomas Roberts Succeeded to a peerage
18 November 1691 Montgomery Boroughs u* Price Devereux Death
14 December 1691 Chippenham c Sir Basil Firebrace Sir Basil Firebrace Void Election
Sir Basil Firebrace Thomas Tollemache By-election results reversed on petition 22 January 1692
15 December 1691 Bere Alston u John Smith Chose to sit for Tavistock
18 December 1691 Newton u Sir John Chicheley Death
2 January 1692 Bramber u* Harry Mordaunt Death
8 January 1692 Newcastle-under-Lyme u* Sir William Leveson Gower Sir John Leveson Gower Death
11 January 1692 Whitchurch u* Death
3 February 1692 Malmesbury u Sir James Long Death
24 February 1692 Bridgwater c Henry Bull Death
28 April 1692 Scarborough u John Hungerford Death
23 May 1692 Carlisle u William Lowther Death
9 November 1692 Plympton Erle u* Sir George Treby Sir Thomas Trevor Appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
11 November 1692 Saltash u Sir John Carew Michael Hill Death
12 November 1692 Colchester u* Isaac Rebow Death
14 November 1692 Tewkesbury c* Sir Henry Capell Sir Francis Winnington Elevated to the peerage
15 November 1692 Launceston c* William Harbord Lord Hyde Death
21 November 1692 Cambridge University c* Sir Robert Sawyer Henry Boyle Death
24 November 1692 Grampound u John Buller Death
24 November 1692 Morpeth u* Viscount Morpeth Succeeded to a peerage
29 November 1692 Radnorshire u* Richard Williams John Jeffreys Death
13 December 1692 Newport (I.o.W.) u Sir Robert Holmes Richard Leveson Death
14 December 1692 Totnes u Sir John Fowell Thomas Coulson Death
6 January 1693 Newark c* Death
9 January 1693 Hampshire u* Death
10 January 1693 Essex c Henry Mildmay John Lamotte Honywood Death
18 January 1693 East Grinstead u Death
8 February 1693 Herefordshire u* Sir Edward Harley Death
2 March 1693 City of London c* Sir William Turner Sir John Fleet Death
21 April 1693 Knaresborough u* William Stockdale Death
20 November 1693 Bath u* Sir William Bassett William Blathwayt Death
20 November 1693 Stockbridge c Richard Whithed Anthony Rowe Death
20 November 1693 New Windsor u* Sir William Scawen Death
28 November 1693 Bodmin u* Sir John Cutler Russell Robartes Death
30 November 1693 Clitheroe c* Fitton Gerard Death
5 December 1693 Worcester c(*) Sir John Somers Samuel Swift Appointed Lord Keeper
Samuel Swift Charles Cocks By-election results reversed on petition 7 February 1694
7 December 1693 Maldon c* Death
7 December 1693 Staffordshire u Walter Chetwynd Sir Walter Bagot Death
11 December 1693 Cardigan Boroughs u* Hector Phillips Death
11 December 1693 Scarborough c* The Viscount of Irvine Death
21 December 1693 Cambridgeshire c* Sir Levinus Bennet The Lord Cutts Death
23 December 1693 Huntingdonshire u Robert Montagu John Proby Death
20 January 1694 Arundel c* Lord Walden Death
Lord Walden By-election results reversed on petition 22 February 1694
24 January 1694 Wigan c Death
6 February 1694 Lancashire u* Viscount Brandon Sir Ralph Assheton Succeeded to a peerage
9 February 1694 Rye u* John Darell Thomas Frewen Death
23 February 1694 Clitheroe c(*) Fitton Gerard Fitton Gerard Void Election (Two MPs elected due to a Double Return)
Christopher Lister
Fitton Gerard Fitton Gerard Gerard declared elected 17 April 1694
Christopher Lister
23 February 1694 Essex c* John Lamotte Honywood Sir Charles Barrington Death
23 February 1694 Okehampton u* Henry Northleigh Death
9 March 1694 Northampton u* Sir Thomas Samwell Sir Justinian Isham Death
16 March 1694 Tregony u Sir John Tremayne The Earl of Kildare Death
31 March 1694 Bury St Edmunds u* John Hervey Death
April 1694 Bossiney c Sir Peter Colleton Death
14 May 1694 Bere Alston u* Sir John Fagg Sir Robert Fagg Death
19 November 1694 Bewdley u* Henry Herbert Salwey Winnington Elevated to the peerage
19 November 1694 Chippenham c Thomas Tollemache Richard Long Death
19 November 1694 Colchester u Death
19 November 1694 Great Bedwyn u* The Viscount Falkland Death
21 November 1694 Stafford u* Jonathan Cope Thomas Foley Death
23 November 1694 Stockbridge u Anthony Rowe George Pitt Void Election
26 November 1694 Carlisle u William Lowther James Lowther Death
3 December 1694 Norwich u Death
4 December 1694 Liverpool c(*) Viscount Colchester Succeeded to a peerage
By-election results reversed on petition 11 January 1695
6 December 1694 Stamford u* Philip Bertie Death
13 December 1694 Appleby u Charles Boyle Sir John Walter Succeeded to a peerage
16 December 1694 Rutland u Sir Thomas Mackworth Death
19 December 1694 Cardiganshire u* John Vaughan Death
16 January 1695 Ludgershall c* John Richmond Webb Death
24 January 1695 Marlborough c* Death
26 February 1695 East Grinstead u The Earl of Orrery Death
14 March 1695 Bishop's Castle c* William Oakeley Death. Two MPs elected due to a Double Return. Parliament was dissolved before the election was decided.
c Henry Newton
2 April 1695 Yarmouth c* Sir John Trevor Henry Holmes Expulsion
15 April 1695 Scarborough u* John Hungerford Sir Charles Hotham Expulsion
8 May 1695 Newark c* Lord Savile Succeeded to a peerage
21 May 1695 Poole u* Sir John Trenchard Lord Ashley Death

(1695–1698)[]

Date Constituency c/u Former Incumbent Winner Cause
2 December 1695 Newport (I.o.W.) u The Lord Cutts Sir Henry Colt Chose to sit for Cambridgeshire
3 December 1695 Hedon u* Sir William Trumbull Hugh Bethell Chose to sit for Oxford
u Lord Spencer Thomas Frankland Chose to sit for Tiverton
9 December 1695 Nottingham u* Charles Hutchinson Death
10 December 1695 Bere Alston u Sir Rowland Gwynne Sir Henry Hobart Chose to sit for Norfolk
11 December 1695 Gloucestershire u Sir John Guise Death
19 December 1695 Portsmouth c Edward Russell Matthew Aylmer Chose to sit for Cambridgeshire (Two MPs elected due to a Double Return.)
c* John Gibson
8 January 1696 Middlesex c Edward Russell Sir John Bucknall Chose to sit for Cambridgeshire
10 January 1696 Thetford u* Sir Joseph Williamson Chose to sit for Rochester
1 February 1696 Portsmouth c* John Gibson John Gibson By-election voided due to a Double Return
Matthew Aylmer
17 February 1696 Maidstone u Sir Thomas Taylor Thomas Rider Death
24 February 1696 Buckinghamshire c* Thomas Wharton William Cheyne Succeeded to a peerage
28 March 1696 Chipping Wycombe u Death
1 April 1696 Camelford u Ambrose Manaton Sidney Wortley Montagu Chose to sit for Tavistock
September 1696 Aldborough c Death
28 October 1696 Queenborough u* Caleb Banks Thomas King Death
2 November 1696 Winchelsea u Robert Austen Sir George Chute Death
5 November 1696 Gatton c Sir John Thompson Elevated to the peerage
6 November 1696 Cambridge u* John Pepys Death
10 November 1696 Ipswich u* Sir John Barker Richard Phillips Death
10 November 1696 Tavistock c* Ambrose Manaton Sir Francis Drake Death
12 November 1696 Liskeard u* Sir Bourchier Wrey Death
12 November 1696 Westmorland u* Sir John Lowther Elevated to the peerage
21 November 1696 St Mawes c Henry Seymour Portman Death
27 November 1696 New Romney u* Sir William Twysden Sir Charles Sedley Chose to sit for Appleby
1 December 1696 Malmesbury u Goodwin Wharton Sir Thomas Skipwith Chose to sit for Cockermouth
31 December 1696 Buckinghamshire c Sir Richard Atkins Death
10 February 1697 Caernarvonshire u* Sir William Williams Thomas Bulkeley Death
17 February 1697 Breconshire c Sir Edward Williams Death
25 February 1697 Lancaster u Fitton Gerard Death
4 March 1697 Orford u Sir John Duke Death
6 March 1697 Mitchell c Death
c* Thomas Vyvyan Chose to sit for Fowey
8 April 1697 Flint Boroughs c Death
14 December 1697 Eye u* Joseph Jekyll Death
14 December 1697 Huntingdon u* Death
15 December 1697 Dover c* Matthew Aylmer Death
17 December 1697 Buckingham u* Sir Richard Temple Sir Richard Temple Death
17 December 1697 Cambridgeshire c* Edward Russell Sir Rushout Cullen Elevated to the peerage
18 December 1697 Grantham c* Sir John Brownlow Sir John Thorold Death
22 December 1697 Bridport c* Death
22 December 1697 Hindon c Henry Lee Death
23 December 1697 Appleby u* Sir William Twysden Sir John Walter Death
28 December 1697 Northallerton u* Thomas Lascelles Death
30 December 1697 Hertfordshire c* Sir Thomas Blount Ralph Freman Death
12 January 1698 Chester u Roger Whitley Death
17 January 1698 Aldborough u Void Election
21 February 1698 Downton u Charles Duncombe Maurice Bocland Expulsion
2 March 1698 Weymouth and Melcombe Regis u* Expulsion
11 March 1698 Evesham c* Sir James Rushout Death
16 March 1698 Saltash u Death
18 March 1698 Bedford u* Death
29 March 1698 Whitchurch u* Richard Wollaston Death
11 April 1698 Sandwich c* Death
23 May 1698 Downton u* John Eyre Death
30 May 1698 Lymington u John Burrard Death
3 June 1698 Eye u* Charles Cornwallis Spencer Compton Succeeded to a peerage
4 June 1698 Huntingdonshire u Heneage Montagu Death

3rd Parliament of William III (1698–1700)[]

Date Constituency c/u Former Incumbent Winner Cause
22 December 1698 Buckingham c* Edmund Denton Death
30 December 1698 Bere Alston u Sir Rowland Gwynne James Montagu Chose to sit for Breconshire
31 December 1698 Seaford u Sir William Thomas William Campion Chose to sit for Sussex
2 January 1699 Amersham u The Viscount Newhaven Chose to sit for Buckinghamshire
2 January 1699 Stockbridge u* George Pitt Chose to sit for Wareham
9 January 1699 Newport (I.o.W.) c The Lord Cutts Henry Greenhill Chose to sit for Cambridgeshire
11 January 1699 Totnes u Sir Edward Seymour Francis Gwyn Chose to sit for Exeter
14 January 1699 Droitwich u* Thomas Foley Thomas Foley Chose to sit for Stafford
16 January 1699 Grampound u* Chose to sit for St Germans
16 January 1699 Penryn c* James Vernon Alexander Pendarves Chose to sit for Westminster
16 January 1699 Thetford c Sir Joseph Williamson Chose to sit for Rochester
17 January 1699 East Looe u* Charles Trelawny Sir Henry Seymour Chose to sit for Plymouth
21 January 1699 Chipping Wycombe c John Archdale Refused to take the oaths
23 January 1699 Rye u* Sir John Austen Sir Robert Austen Death
25 January 1699 Saltash u* Chose to sit for Cornwall
26 January 1699 Cricklade u* Charles Fox Sir Stephen Fox Chose to sit for Salisbury
27 January 1699 Newport (Cornwall) c* Chose to sit for Saltash
6 February 1699 Sudbury c Sir Thomas Barnardiston Death
22 February 1699 Aylesbury c Sir Thomas Lee Robert Dormer Void Election
23 February 1699 Banbury u Expulsion (Commissioner of Stamp Duties)
23 February 1699 Shaftesbury u* Expulsion (Commissioner of Stamp Duties)
24 February 1699 Bramber u Sir Henry Furnese Expulsion (Director of the East India Company)
25 February 1699 Harwich u Samuel Atkinson Sir Thomas Middleton Expulsion (Commissioner of Hawkers and Pedlars)
7 March 1699 Whitchurch u* Richard Wollaston Richard Wollaston Expulsion (Receiver-General of Taxes in Heretfordshire)
14 March 1699 Maldon u Death
1 April 1699 Bramber u John Asgill Death
8 April 1699 Huntingdonshire u* Death
26 April 1699 Corfe Castle c* Void Election
9 May 1699 Bridgnorth u* Sir William Whitmore Death
10 May 1699 Somerset u Sir Edward Phelips Death
16 May 1699 Devon u Francis Courtenay Death
28 November 1699 Bridgwater u Sir Francis Warre Death
28 November 1699 Newcastle-under-Lyme c* Death
29 November 1699 Nottingham c Richard Slater Death
29 November 1699 Oxfordshire c Lord Norreys Sir Robert Dashwood Succeeded to a peerage
30 November 1699 Great Grimsby c* Sir Edward Ayscough Death
4 December 1699 Warwick u Algernon Greville Death
8 December 1699 Hereford u Paul Foley Samuel Pytts Death
12 December 1699 Shropshire u* Death
16 December 1699 Dartmouth c* Death (Two MPs elected due to a Double Return. Results voided 12 February 1700. No by-election held.)
c Rowland Holt
20 December 1699 Glamorganshire u* Bussy Mansel Thomas Mansel Death
27 December 1699 Southampton c* Sir Benjamin Newland Roger Mompesson Death
4 January 1700 St Germans u* Henry Fleming Death
29 January 1700 Dunwich u* Sir Robert Rich Sir Charles Blois Death
1 February 1700 Pontefract c* Void Election
8 February 1700 Thetford c Void Election
16 February 1700 Sudbury u* Sir Gervase Elwes Death

References[]

  • List of MPs since 1660
  • The House of Commons 1660-1690, edited by Basil Duke Henning (Published for the History of Parliament Trust by Secker & Warburg 1983) ISBN 0436192748
  • The House of Commons 1690-1715, edited by David Hayton (Cambridge University Press 2002) ISBN 0521772214

External links[]

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