List of Indian Nobel laureates

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The Nobel Prize

First instituted in 1901, as of 2018 the Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of 904 individuals (852 men and 52 women) and 24 organizations.[1] Among the recipients, 12 are Indians (five Indian citizens and seven of Indian ancestry or residency). Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian citizen to be awarded and also first Asian to be awarded in 1913. Mother Teresa is the only woman among the list of recipients.[2] Sri Aurobindo, the Indian poet, philosopher, nationalist and developer of Integral yoga, was nominated unsuccessfully for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1943 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950.[3][4]

On 1 December 1999, the Norwegian Nobel Committee confirmed that Mahatma Gandhi was nominated unsuccessfully for the Peace Prize five times (from 1937 to 1939, in 1947 and a few days before he was assassinated in January 1948).[5] In 2006, Geir Lundestad, the Secretary of Norwegian Nobel Committee, cited it as "the greatest omission in our 106-year history".[6][7][8]

Nobel prize winners in India[]

Citizens of British India[]

The following are the Nobel laureates who were citizens of British India at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize.

Year Laureate Field Rationale Ref.
1913 Portrait of Rabindranath Tagore taken in 1909 Rabindranath Tagore Literature "Because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West" [9]
1930 Portrait of Sir CV Raman C. V. Raman Physics "For his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him" [10]

Citizens of the Republic of India[]

The following are the Nobel laureates who were citizens of the Republic of India at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize.

Year Laureate Field Rationale Ref.
1979 Portrait of Mother Teresa captured in 1994 Mother Teresa
[a] 		Peace "In recognition of [her] work in bringing help to suffering humanity" [11]
1998 Picture of Amartya Sen Amartya Sen Economics "For his contributions to welfare economics" [12]
2014 Photograph of Kailash Satyarthi Kailash Satyarthi
[b] 		Peace "For their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education" [13]

Overseas citizens of Indian origin[]

The following are the Nobel laureates of Indian origin who were born in India but subsequently non-citizens of India. However, they are still often included in the list of Indian Nobel laureates.

Year Laureate Nationality Field Rationale Ref.
1968 Picture of Har Gobind Khorana Har Gobind Khorana[c]  United States
(born in Raipur, British India) 		Physiology or Medicine "For their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis" [14]
1983 Picture of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar[d]  United States
(born in Lahore, British India) 		Physics "For his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars" [15]
2009 Venki Ramakrishnan Venki Ramakrishnan[e]  United Kingdom
 United States (born in Chidambaram, India) 		Chemistry "For Structure and function of the ribosome,macromolecular crystallography" [16]
2019 Abhijit Banerjee FT Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award 2011 (cropped) Abhijit Banerjee[f]  United States
(born in Calcutta, India) 		Economics "For their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty" [17]

Indian Nobel Laureates of foreign origin[]

The following are the Nobel laureates of foreign origin who were either born in India or were residents in India when they became recipients of the Nobel Prize but were not Indian citizens.

Year Laureate Country of residence Field Rationale Ref.
1902 Portrait of Ronald Ross Ronald Ross  United Kingdom
(born in Almora, British India) 		Physiology or Medicine "For his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it" [18]
1907 Portrait of Rudyard Kipling Rudyard Kipling  United Kingdom
(born in Bombay, British India) 		Literature "In consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world-famous author" [19]
1989 Picture of Dalai Lama 14th Dalai Lama  India
(born in Taktser, Tibet) 		Peace "For his consistent resistance to the use of violence in his people’s struggle to regain their liberty" [20]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Born in Skopje, Ottoman Empire
  2. ^ Shared with Malala Yousafzai
  3. ^ Shared with Robert W. Holley and Marshall W. Nirenberg
  4. ^ Shared with William Alfred Fowler
  5. ^ Shared with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada Yonath
  6. ^ Shared with Esther Duflo, his wife and Michael Kremer.

References[]

  1. ^ Media, Nobel (22 November 2018). "Nobel Prize facts". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  2. ^ "From 1913 to 2014: Indian Nobel Prize winners". The Hindu. 10 October 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  3. ^ Rajinder Singh (September 2012). "Aurobindo Gosh's Nobel nomination". Science and Culture. p. 442. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  4. ^ Media, Nobel (22 November 2018). "Aurobindo Ghosh Nomination archive". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  5. ^ Levinovitz, Agneta Wallin (2001). The Nobel Prize: The First 100 Years. London: Imperial College Press, London. pp. 181–186. ISBN 9789810246655.
  6. ^ Tønnesson, Øyvind (1 December 1999). "Mahatma Gandhi, the Missing Laureate". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  7. ^ Ghosh, Avijit (17 October 2006). "We missed Mahatma Gandhi". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
  8. ^ Wolchover, Natalie (10 May 2011). "No Peace for Gandhi". NBCNews. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
  9. ^ "Rabindranath Tagore". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  10. ^ "C V Raman". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 September 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  11. ^ "Mother Teresa Agnes". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  12. ^ "Amartya Sen". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  13. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2014". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  14. ^ "H. Gobind Khorana". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  15. ^ "Subramanyan Chandrasekhar". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 7 November 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  17. ^ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2019". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  18. ^ "Ronald Ross". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 15 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  19. ^ "Rudyard Kipling". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 June 2017. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  20. ^ "Dalai Lama 14th". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 April 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2018.

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