List of countries by English-speaking population

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Percentage of English speakers by country and dependency as of 2014.
  90–100%
  60–90%
  40–60%
  20–40%
  0.1–20%
  No data (Antarctica, Northern Cyprus, Cabo Verde, New Caledonia, and North Korea)

The following is a list of English-speaking population by country, including information on both native speakers and second-language speakers.

List[]

This list may be sorted by column by clicking on the column header.

Some numbers have been calculated by Wikipedia editors by mixing data from different sources; figures not attributed to sources and given with a date should be treated with caution.

Also note that in most sources, the results shown are of people who say that they can speak English, while that was not verified; which means the actual number of English speakers could be higher or lower (because of certain people who over- or underestimate their English skills).
Country Eligible population Total English speakers As first language As an additional language[1] Notes
No. % No. % No. %
 United States 331,002,651 (2020) 307,170,460 (2020) 92.79 258,513,070 (2020) 78.10 48,657,390 14.7 Figures are from the 2011–2015 American Community Survey 5-year estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau for persons age 5 and older. Total English speakers are those who either spoke English at home (i.e. as first language), or reported speaking another language at home but could speak English "very well" or "well" (i.e. as an additional language).[2]
 India 1,368,737,436 (2011) 194,086,968 (2012) 14.18 (2012) 821,245 0.06 166,438,472 12.16 2001 Census figures for population and first, second, and third languages. English as a first language is only spoken by 821,245 people, as a second language by 105,455,385, and as a third language by 60,983,087.[3][4]
 Pakistan 208,800,150 (2020) 102,312,073 (2020) 49% [5] 302,760 0.145 18,792,013 9 Official language and spoken amongst a wide proportion of the Pakistani Population – 49% as a second language (other estimates).[6][7][8][9][10]
 Nigeria 206,200,000 (2020) 178,198,040 (2020) 86.42 37,157,240 18.02 141,040,800 68.4 English is the most widespread language in the country due to the many different languages spoken. English is the first or second language for most citizens.[citation needed]
 Philippines 110,000,000 64,025,890 58.2 36,935 0.04 63,988,955 63.72 Total population: Census 2010. Proportion of total speakers: Census 2000, text above Figure 7. 63.71% of the then 66.7 million people aged 5 years or more could speak English.[11] Proportion of native speakers: Census 1995, as quoted by Andrew Gonzalez in "The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 19 (5&6), 487–525, p. 492: .04% of the then 68.4 million people were native speakers of English. (1998).[12] "Six out of 10 people aged 5 and over can speak English (63.71%)."[13]
 United Kingdom 64,000,000 62,912,000 98.3 59,072,000 92.3 3,840,000 6 Source: Data from the 2011 census for England and Wales.[14] Additional English speaker figures are for usual residents aged 3 years and over with a main language other than English who can speak English "very well" or "well".
 Germany 80,600,000 45,400,000 56 300,000 0.34 45,100,000 56 Native speakers: Statistisches Bundesamt (cited here).
Non-native speakers: Eurobarometer report 2012
Does not include foreign military personnel based in Germany.
 France 65,350,000 23,000,000 39 23,000,000 39 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Canada 37,138,500 30,480,750 83.06 20,193,335 54.37 10,287,415 28.69 Source: [1]. The 2016 count reported that 23,757,525 people were able to conduct a conversation in English but not French, while 6,216,065 were able to converse in both English and French. The census also asked for the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual: 52% or 19,460,850 reported English as their sole mother tongue, 165,320 reported both English and French as mother tongues, 533,265 reported English and a non-official language as mother tongues, and 33,900 reported English, French and a non-official language as mother tongues.
 Australia 23,401,892 21,715,910 92.80 17,020,421 72.74 4,695,489 20.06 Source: 2016 Census.[15] The 2016 census data is subject to multiple interpretations. The data noted that 17,020,421 persons out of 23,401,892 total only spoke English, and a further 4,695,489 spoke English either "Very Well", "Well" or "Not Well". A further 193,036 person were listed as speaking English "Not At All". However, 1,492,941 persons provided incomplete information; 1,440,493 provided no language or proficiency details and 52,448 gave no information on proficiency.
 Italy 59,619,290 17,000,000 34 17,000,000 34 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Uruguay 3,500,000 840,000 24 840,000 24.0 Source: 2019 National Statistics Institute poll.[16]
 Bangladesh 165,323,100 (2020) 19,838,772 (2020) 12 709,873 0.43 16,398,158 9.90 [17]
 Egypt 83,289,500 28,101,325 35 28,101,325 35 Source: Euromonitor International Report 2011 [18]
 Thailand 63,038,247 17,121,187 27.16 17,121,187 27.16 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Netherlands 16,770,000 15,250,000 90.90 15,250,000 90.9 Source: Eurobarometer report 2016
   Nepal 29,890,686 10,700,866 35.8 20,000 0.07 876,720 Source: Census. (date not verified)[citation needed]
 South Africa 52,981,991 16,424,417 31 4,930,510 9.31 11,493,907 22 Native speakers from 2011 Census.[19]
Non-native speakers: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Poland 38,501,000 14,300,000 37 100,000 0.26 14,200,000 36.88 Source: Central Statistical Office,[20] Additional language speakers are people age 18–69, who reported English Language as their first of second best foreign language, Central Statistical Office [21] Native language counted as those who speak English at home.
 Turkey 80,200,256 12,000,000 17 12,000,000 17 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006
 Zimbabwe 14,439,000 11,850,710 82.07 505,365 3.52 11,530,710 79.86 [22][23][24]
 Iraq 31,700,000 11,095,000 35 11,000,000 Source: Euromonitor International report (2011)
 Sri Lanka 21,803,000 13,517,860 62 3,270,450 15 10,247,410 47 English being the first language of approximately more than 3 million people. 15% Sri Lankan only spoke English. [25][26]
 Spain 47,190,000 10,400,000 22 10,400,000 22 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 China 1,432,035,200 10,000,000 0.9 10,000,000 <1 Figures are for English users in mainland China only (i.e. excluding Hong Kong where English is an official language and Macau). The often-cited figure of 300 million is for "learners."[27]
 Brazil 205,000,000 10,542,000 5 292,000 0.14 10,250,000 5 Source: British council (2012) and EF. Only 5% of Brazilians have a proficient grasp of English as a second or foreign additional language and an additional 6% have a very rudimentary knowledge.
 Sweden 10,377,771 9,236,000 89 9,236,000 89 Source: Statistics Sweden, 2021
 Kenya 43,013,431 8,100,000 18.83 7,900,000 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Cameroon 19,740,000 7,500,000 38 7,500,000 38 Euromonitor International Report (2009)
 Malaysia 27,170,000 15,580,000 62.57 380,000 1.4 15,200,000 61.1 EF English Proficiency Index[28]
 Russia 148,312,535 17,574,303 11.85 2,516 <0.1 17,571,787 11.85 Source: Composition by Nationality and Language Ability, Citizenship, Tables 4.5 and 4.1, . The "total" figure is the number of residents who reported English as one of the languages they knew. The "first language" figure is the number of residents who reported "American" or "English" as their nationality. The "additional languages" figure is the difference. More than 17 million schoolgoers studied English as a foreign language in 2008–2009.
 Belgium 10,584,534 6,250,000 60 6,250,000 60 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006 Note that the Belgian population is divided in two distinct linguistic regions: The Belgian Dutch-speaking Flanders, and the Belgian French-speaking Wallonia (note that the region of Brussels also has a majority of native French speakers). Like in the Netherlands, a high percentage of Flemish people speak English fluently, and in Wallonia, a lower percentage of people speak English (as it is the case in France), which brings down the total percentage.
 Israel 7,303,000 6,205,000 84.97 100,000 1.37 6,105,000 83.6 Source: Ethnologue (2005)[29] English is widely spoken, both by the Jewish majority and by minority ethnic groups.[30][31]
 Austria 8,415,000 6,150,000 73 6,150,000 73 [32][33]
 Romania 19,043,767 5,900,000 31 5,900,000 31 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Greece 10,787,690 5,500,000 51 5,500,000 51 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Sierra Leone 5,866,000 4,900,000 83.53 500,000 8.52 4,400,000 75 Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Mexico 120,664,000 15,686,262 12.9 15,686,262 12.9 Consulta Mitofsky-Tracking Poll Roy Campos: Las Lenguas Extranjeras en México, January 2013;[34] and II Conteo de Población y Vivienda, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI).[35]
 Denmark 5,543,000 4,770,000 86 4,770,000 86 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
  Switzerland 7,637,300 4,680,000 61.28 73,400 0.96 4,606,600 60.32 Figure for speakers of English as "main language", according to Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2008[36] Source for number of non-native English speakers is 1999 publication by Prof. François Grin cited here: http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/countries/uk/language.html
 Morocco 32,770,900 4,587,926 14 4,587,926 14 Source: Euromonitor International report 2011
 Norway 5,136,700 4,500,000 90 4,500,000 90 Source: http://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2014/03/norwegian-english-fusion-language/[unreliable source]
 Ukraine 40,044,238 7,207,962 18 7,207,962 18 Source: EF English Proficiency Index [2]
 Republic of Ireland 4,422,100 4,350,000 98.37 4,112,100 93.22 237,900 5.38 Source: Eurobarometer report 2006; Central Statistics Office [3]; Travbla [37]
 Singapore 5,607,300 4,218,737 83.10 1,873,302 33.41 2,345,435 41.83 Source: 2015 Census. Second language speaker figure only includes those literate in English aged 15 or more and does not include third language proficiency. General Household Survey 2015 "Language Spoken at Home Among Residents Aged 5 Years and Over"
 Ghana 27,000,000 18,000,000 66.67 18,000,000 66.67 Source: 2010 Ghanaian Census[38]
 Tanzania 40,454,000 4,000,000 9.89 4,000,000 9.89 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 New Zealand 4,275,100 4,181,902 97.82 3,673,623 85.93 508,279 11.89 There were 4,027,947 responses to 2006 Census: Language spoken. 3,673,679 gave English as a response, 81,936 had no English but another language. The balance of 272,382 were; no language (too young) 75,195, no response 196,221, response unidentifiable 588, response outside scope 378. Hence it is most meaningful to express the English-speaking per cent without including the figures for these 272,382. This gives 97.8% English-speaking, 2.2% non-English-speaking (3,673,679 and 81,936 divided by 3,755,565)
Crystal (2003), p. 109, gives figures of 3,700,000 native speakers and 150,000 second language speakers.
 Finland 5,410,000 3,800,000 70 3,800,000 70 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Portugal 10,623,000 2,900,000 27 2,900,000 27 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Papua New Guinea 6,331,000 3,150,000 49.76 150,000 2.37 3,000,000 47.38 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Liberia 3,750,000 3,100,000 82.67 600,000 16 2,500,000 66.67 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Jordan 6,598,000 2,969,370 45 2,969,370 45 Source: Euromonitor International report (2011)
 Jamaica 2,714,000 2,650,000 97.64 45,900 1.69 50,000 45 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Algeria 35,954,000 2,516,780 7 2,516,780 7 Source: Euromonitor International report (2011)
 Uganda 30,884,000 2,500,000 8.09 2,500,000 8.09 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Hong Kong 6,808,433 3,136,784 46.07 238,288 3.5 2,898,496 42.57 According to 2011 population census, Hong Kong has approximately 3.1 million speakers, of whom 238,288 regard English as their "usual" language.[39]
 Czechia 10,562,214 2,850,000 27 2,850,000 27 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Argentina 42,192,500 2,752,681 6.52 Source:.[40] Percentage of people who state they have a high level of English. Another 19.49% and 16.23% of people said they had an intermediate and low level, respectively, of English.
 Yemen 24,800,000 2,232,000 9 2,232,000 9 Source: Euromonitor International report 2011
 Croatia 4,555,000 2,600,000 60.00 3,950,000 87.8 Source: Eurobarometer report 2019
 Colombia 47,661,368 2,012,950 4.22 75,600 0.16 1,937,350 4.06 Total was estimated by multiplying projected population for 2014 (DANE) by percentage of Colombian population that speaks English 4.09%[41] then 63,600 was added to that figure which is the total of American and British residents. Figures for native speakers are as follows: 60,000 U.S. citizens that reside in Colombia[42] 12,000 are Colombian Raizal from San Andrés and Isla de Providencia where they speak San Andrés–Providencia Creole[43] 3,600 British expatriates[44]
 Hungary 9,982,000 2,000,000 20 2,000,000 20 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Puerto Rico 3,991,000 1,940,000 48.61 100,000 2.51 1,840,000 46.1 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Zambia 11,922,000 1,910,000 16.02 110,000 0.92 1,800,000 15.1 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Bulgaria 7,640,238 1,900,000 25 2,605 0.03 1,902,605 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012 and 2011 Census[45]
 Kazakhstan 12,156,705 1,874,583 15.4 602 1,873,981 15.42 Number of those who understand spoken English, from these 1.9 million: 311,435 (2.6%/16.6%) can only read, 931,444 (7.7%/49.6%) can read and write in English. The number of native speakers is the sum of Americans and Englishmen "by nationality". (Census 2009)
 Lebanon 4,265,600 1,706,000 40 1,706,000 40 Source: Euromonitor International report (2011)
 Chile 16,634,603 1,585,027 9.53 Source: 2012 Census.[46]
 Rwanda 10,137,400 1,520,610 15 1,520,610 15 Source: Euromonitor International report 2009
 Slovakia 5,397,036 1,400,000 26 1,400,000 26 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Trinidad and Tobago 1,305,000 1,145,000 87.74 1,145,000 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Slovenia 2,050,000 1,210,000 59 1,210,000 59 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Lithuania 3,053,800 1,160,000 38 1,160,000 38 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Latvia 2,070,371 950,000 46 950,000 46 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Guyana 751,000 680,000 90.55 650,000 86.55 30,000 4 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Botswana 1,639,833 630,000 38.42 630,000 38.42 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Estonia 1,294,236 650,000 50 650,000 50 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Cyprus 839,000 610,000 73 610,000 73 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Panama 4,176,869 584,762 14
 Malawi 13,931,831 540,209 3.88 209 <0.1 540,000 3.87 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109 and Kayambizinthu.[47]
 Lesotho 1,795,000 500,000 27.86 500,000 27.86 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Suriname 470,784 410,000 87.09 260,000 55.23 150,000 32 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Malta 453,000 400,000 89 48,000 10.6 352,000 77.7 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Namibia 1,820,916 314,000 17.24 14,000 0.77 300,000 16.48 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Luxembourg 509,000 290,000 56 290,000 56 Source: Eurobarometer report 2012
 Bahamas 330,549 288,000 87.13 260,000 78.66 28,000 8.47 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Barbados 279,000 275,000 98.57 262,000 93.91 13,000 4.66 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Belize 301,270 246,000 81.65 190,000 63.07 56,000 18.59 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Madagascar 23,042,300 4,147,614 18 4,147,614 18 The main languages are French and Malagasy.[citation needed]
 Costa Rica 4,910,526 400,415 8.2 400,415 8.2 Source: Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2017 http://www.inec.go.cr/sistema-de-consultas
 Mauritius 1,264,866 202,000 15.97 2,000 0.16 200,000 15.81 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Vanuatu 215,446 180,000 83.55 60,000 27.85 120,000 55.7 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Fiji 853,445 176,000 20.62 6,000 0.7 170,000 19.92 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Solomon Islands 552,438 175,000 31.68 10,000 1.81 165,000 29.87 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Guam 173,456 158,000 91.09 58,000 33.44 100,000 57.65 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Brunei 381,371 144,000 39.07 10,000 2.62 134,000 35.14 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 120,000 114,000 95 114,000 95 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 U.S. Virgin Islands 108,448 113,000 95.97 98,000 90.37 15,000 13.83 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Grenada 110,000 100,000 90.91 100,000 90.91 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Samoa 188,540 94,000 49.86 1,000 0.53 93,000 49.33 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Isle of Man 80,058 80,000 99.93 80,000 99.93
 Republic of China(Taiwan) 30% Source: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2002/04/25/0000133292 (1% fluent, 1% "so-so", 28% "some English", 60% "not at all", 10% unaccounted for)
 Myanmar 53,900,000 2,400,000 4.45 2,400,000 4.45 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Saint Lucia 165,000 71,000 43.03 31,000 18.79 40,000 24.24 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Northern Mariana Islands 84,000 70,000 83.33 5,000 5.95 65,000 77.38 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Antigua and Barbuda 85,000 68,000 80 66,000 77.65 2,000 2.35 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 American Samoa 57,345 45,933 80.1 1,791 3.12 44,142 76.98 Source: The World Factbook – American Samoa
 Federated States of Micronesia 111,000 64,000 57.66 4,000 3.6 60,000 54.05 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Bermuda 65,000 63,000 96.92 63,000 96.92 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Dominica 67,000 63,000 94.03 3,000 4.48 60,000 89.55 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Marshall Islands 59,000 58,000 98.33 500 <1 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Eswatini 1,141,000 50,000 4.38 50,000 4.38 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Aruba 104,000 44,000 42.31 9,000 8.65 35,000 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 The Gambia 1,709,000 40,000 2.34 40,000 2.34 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 50,000 39,000 78 39,000 78 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Cayman Islands 47,000 36,000 76.6 36,000 76.6 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Seychelles 87,000 33,000 37.93 3,000 3.45 30,000 34.48 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Gibraltar 28,875 28,875 100 28,000 96.97 875 3.03 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Tonga 100,000 30,000 30 30,000 30 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Kiribati 95,000 23,000 24.21 23,000 24.21 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 British Virgin Islands 23,000 20,000 86.96 20,000 86.96 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Palau 20,000 18,500 92.5 500 2.5 18,000 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Andorra 81,222 17,869 22 17,869 22 Source Census: Linguistic knowledge 2004.
 Anguilla 13,000 12,000 92.31 12,000 92.31 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Nauru 12,000 11,600 96.67 900 7.5 10,700 89.17 English is spoken as the language of government and commerce.
 Cook Islands 20,200 4,000 19.8 1,000 4.95 3,000 14.85 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Montserrat 5,900 4,000 67.8 4,000 67.8 Source: Crystal (2003), p. 109. Note this includes speakers of an English creole.
 Japan 125,770,000 18,826,121 15 18,826,121 15 [48]
 Cambodia 15,766,292 3,500,000 22.2 3,500,000 22.2 Source: Quote of a Ministry of Education spokesman [49]
World 7,794,798,739 1,179,874,130 15.14 336,358,172 4.32 838,676,510 10.76
  • European Union The European Union is a supranational union composed of 27 member states. The total English-speaking population of the European Union and the United Kingdom combined (2012) is 256,876,220[50] (out of a total population of 500,000,000,[51] i.e. 51%) including 65,478,252 native speakers and 191,397,968 non-native speakers, and would be ranked 2nd if it were included. English native speakers amount to 13% of the whole population of the EU and the UK, while the percentage of people that speak English "well enough in order to be able to have a conversation", either as first (32%), second (11%) or third (3%) foreign language, was 38%.
  • When taken from this list and added together, the total number of English speakers in the world adds up to around 1,200,000,000. Likewise, the total number of native English speakers adds up to around 350,000,000. This implies that there are approximately 850,000,000 people who speak English as an additional language.

See also[]

Non-English speaking populations:

Notes[]

  1. ^ Statistics on second language speakers are inevitably not precise; partly because there is no widely agreed definition of second language speakers – there is no differentiation between countries where English is the lingua franca and those where it is not.
  2. ^ "Age by Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and over: 2011–2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  3. ^ S, Rukmini. "Sanskrit and English: there's no competition".
  4. ^ http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/popu1.aspx
  5. ^ Leitner, Gerhard; Hashim, Azirah; Wolf, Hans-Georg (11 January 2016). Communicating with Asia: The Future of English as a Global Language. ISBN 9781107062610.
  6. ^ "Here's how Pakistan ranks among world's English speaking countries". The Express Tribune.
  7. ^ "English — more than a subject". Dawn.
  8. ^ "Mapped: The world by English-speaking population". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  9. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  10. ^ "Which Countries Have the Most English Speakers? – K International". www.k-international.com. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  11. ^ Before mistakenly correcting the percentage again, please note that there are fewer people aged 5 years or more in any country than there are people in that country, because some people are toddlers or infants. In other words, no, the numbers will not automatically add up. 63.71% is what the cited source, text above Figure 7 Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, a report from the 2000 census, really says. This multiplied by the 2010 census's total population over 5 produces the number in the chart. The 2010 number comes from Philippines in Figures, 2013, Chapter 5, Demography Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, table 5.1 or 5.6
  12. ^ From mid-2009 to late 2013 this entry overstated the number of native speakers by roughly 100fold, and inflated the number of total speakers, on the alleged basis of material in "Philippines". Ethnologue. 19 February 1999. Retrieved 16 October 2013.. In fact, Ethnologue as of 24 December 2013 simply repeats the number of native speakers, 20,000, reported in Crystal 2003, on the basis of an old (pre-1995) census, and does not address total speakers at all. This attempt to correct these errors in turn perpetrates both error and original research, by applying the old percentages listed above, 63.71% of people over 5 as total speakers in 2000, and .04% of people as native speakers in 1995, to the 2010 totals from Philippines in Figures, 2013, Chapter 5, Demography Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, tables 5.1 and 5.6. Andrew Gonzalez died in 2006; someone else's attention to the 2010 census figures, which appear not to be online and may not have been printed yet in adequate detail, is needed to produce reliable, more or less current, numbers.
  13. ^ "Educational Characteristics of the Filipinos". 2000 Census of population and Housing. 18 March 2005. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  14. ^ "2011 Census: Quick Statistics for England and Wales, March 2011". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
  15. ^ "Census 2016, Proficiency in Spoken English/Language by Age by Sex". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  16. ^ "'Encuesta Telefónica de Idiomas' ETI 2019, page 24". www.ine.gub.uy. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  17. ^ Md Khaled Bin Chowdhury (9 March 2018). "Bangla Rules in All Domains of National Life". Daily Sun. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019.
  18. ^ "The Benefits of the English Language for Individuals and Societies: Quantitative Indicators from Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia and Yemen" (PDF). Britishcouncil.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  19. ^ Census 2011: Census in brief (PDF). Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 30. ISBN 9780621413885. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2015.
  20. ^ Human Capital in Poland in 2014, figure 15,52
  21. ^ Demographics Yearbook of Poland: 2014, Table 1, 32,44,190,
  22. ^ "Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) - Zimbabwe | Data". data.worldbank.org.
  23. ^ https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR254/FR254.pdf
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References[]

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