Lyon tramway

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lyon tramway
Lyon tcl logo-tram-full.svg
814 TCL Alstom Citadis T1 Pont Raymond Barre Halle Tony Garnier.JPG
Overview
Native nameTramway de Lyon
LocaleLyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Transit typeLight rail/tram
Number of lines8 (T1-T7 & Rhônexpress)[1][2]
Number of stations88 (T1-T5)[1]
4 (Rhônexpress)[2]
Annual ridership95,000,000 (2017)[citation needed]
Operation
Began operation2001[1]
Operator(s)TCL (T1-T6)
Rhônexpress (Rhônexpress)
Technical
System length66.3 km (41.2 mi) (T1-T5)[1]
22 km (14 mi) (Rhônexpress)[2]
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
hideSystem map
Map of Lyon rail public transit network
Public transport in Lyon
Networks
Railway stations
Airports
  • v
  • t

The Lyon tramway (French: Tramway de Lyon) comprises eight lines, seven lines operated by TCL and one by Rhônexpress in the city of Lyon in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. The original tramway network in Lyon was developed in 1879, and the modern network was built in 2001.[1]

Lines T1 and T2 opened in January 2001; T3 opened in December 2006; line T4 opened in April 2009; line Rhônexpress (airport connector) opened in August 2010; line T5 opened in November 2012; line T6 opened in November 2019 and line T7 opened in February 2021. The tramway system complements the Lyon Metro and forms an integral part of the public transportation system (TCL) in Lyon. The network of 7 tram lines (T1-T7) operated by TCL runs 66.3 kilometres (41.2 mi);[1] the single line operated by Rhônexpress runs for 22 kilometres (14 mi)[2] (including approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) shared with the T3 tram line[2]). The network is currently served by 73 Alstom Citadis 302 and 28 Alstom Citadis 402 trams.

Line T1 extends from Debourg to La Doua - IUT Feyssine via Perrache, Gare Part-Dieu - Vivier Merle and Charpennes. Line T2 runs from Hôtel de Région - Montrochet to Saint-Priest - Bel-Air via Perrache, Jean Macé, Grange Blanche and Porte des Alpes. Line T3 goes from Gare Part-Dieu - Villette to Meyzieu Z.I. (on weekends) and Meyzieu Les Panettes (on weekdays) via Vaulx-en-Velin - La Soie. Line T4 runs from La Doua - Gaston Berger to Hôpital Feyzin Vénissieux via Charpennes, Gare Part-Dieu - Villette, Jet d'Eau and Gare de Vénissieux. Line T5 runs from Grange Blanche to Eurexpo. Line T6 runs from Debourg to Hôpitaux Est - Pinel via Beauvisage - CISL, Mermoz - Pinel and Desgenettes. Line T7 links Vaulx-en-Velin - La Soie to Décines - OL Vallée.

History: the original network (1879 - 1957)[]

Tram station at Place Carnot at the beginning of the 20th century

The first steam-driven tram line, the number 12, linked Lyon and Vénissieux in 1888. The network was electrified between 1893 and 1899. Extensions to the suburbs were built until 1914. This was the height of the network - high quality service, low price, high frequency and high profitability for shareholders. The inflation between World War I and World War II made the network unprofitable. Beginning in the 1930s, tramways were progressively replaced with trolleybuses and later buses. A modernization plan, including underground sections in the city centre, planned in the 1940s was rapidly abandoned. The last urban tram ran on line 4 in January 1956 and the last suburban tram, the "Train bleu" in Neuville-sur-Saône, was abandoned in June 1957.

Original OTL network[]

The first tram network was built and operated by the Compagnie des Omnibus et tramways de Lyon (OTL), founded in 1879. It consisted of ten 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (standard gauge), horse-drawn lines with a total length of 44 km serving Lyon, Villeurbanne, La Mulatière et Oullins .

In 1894, new electric trams were in service with these lines:

The first line to open was line 5, from Place Bellecour to Vaise along the Saône river, competing with riverboats. Lines 1 and 7 followed the approximate routes of the current metro lines D and A, respectively. The network was gradually extended, by the OTL and by acquisitions of competing operators, between 1894 and 1914.

OTL extensions[]

Tram from Line 12

La Société du Tramway d'Écully[]

1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) (Metre gauge) lines to the northwest, acquired by the OTL in 1894.

La Compagnie Lyonnaise des Tramways (CLT)[]

Metre gauge, steam powered lines on the left bank of the Rhône river. Became the Nouvelle Compagnie Lyonnaise des Tramways (NLT) in 1902, then acquired by the OTL in 1906.

La Compagnie du Fourvière Ouest Lyonnais (FOL)[]

Fourvière and Saint-Just funiculars and trams in the west plateau. Acquired by the OTL in 1910.

La Compagnie du Tramway de Caluire (CTC)[]

Acquired by the OTL in 1914. Originally metric gauge, converted to standard gauge in 1925.

Tramway de l'Ouest du Dauphiné[]

This company reach Lyon in 1909.The meter gauge line leading to the east suburb was used on 6 km after being electrified in 1925.

The current network (since 2001)[]

Following a decline in the 1950s and 1960s, public transit in Lyon was revived in the 1970s with the opening of the Lyon Metro. In 1996 a decision was made to build a new tram network to complement the metro. The first two lines were opened on 2 January 2001: Line T1 from Perrache to IUT - Feyssine via Part-Dieu and Charpennes and line T2 from Perrache to Porte des Alpes via Jean Macé and Grange Blanche. Line T2 was extended to Saint-Priest - Bel Air on 27 October 2003 and line T1 was extended to Montrochet on 15 September 2005, then again to Debourg on 19 February 2014. Line T3 (codenamed LEA) was opened on 4 December 2006 along the former Chemin de Fer de l'Est Lyonnais tracks from Gare Part-Dieu - Villette to Meyzieu - ZI. Line T4 opened on 20 April 2009, running from Jet d'Eau - Mendès France to Hôpital Feyzin Vénissieux, and was extended to La Doua on 29 August 2013. Line T5 opened on 17 November 2012, running from Grange Blanche to Eurexpo.

Line T1[]

Line 1

Operates from 04:40 to 00:35, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Saint-Priest - Porte des Alpes.

Line T2[]

Line 2

Operates from 04:55 to 00:34, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Saint-Priest - Porte des Alpes.

  • Hôtel de Région - Montrochet (connection: tram T1)
  • Sainte-Blandine (connection: tram T1)
  • Place des Archives (connection: tram T1)
  • Perrache (connections: SNCF, metro A, tram T1)
  • Centre Berthelot
  • Jean Macé (connections: SNCF, metro B)
  • Garibaldi - Berthelot
  • Route de Vienne
  • Jet d'Eau - Mendès France (connection: tram T4)
  • Villon (connection: tram T4 nearby)
  • Bachut - Mairie du 8ème
  • Jean XXIII - Maryse Bastié
  • Grange Blanche (connections: metro D, tram T5)
  • Ambroise Paré (connection: tram T5)
  • Desgenettes (connections: tram T5, tram T6)
  • Essarts - Iris (connection: tram T5)
  • Boutasse - Camille Rousset (connection: tram T5)
  • Hôtel de Ville - Bron (connection: tram T5)
  • Les Alizés (connection: tram T5)
  • Rebufer
  • Parilly Université - Hippodrome
  • Europe - Université
  • Porte des Alpes
  • Parc Technologique
  • Hauts de Feuilly
  • Salvador Allende
  • Alfred de Vigny
  • Saint-Priest - Hôtel de Ville
  • Esplanade des Arts
  • Jules Ferry
  • Cordière
  • Saint-Priest - Bel Air

Line T2 has been extended from Perrache to Hôtel de Région - Montrochet on 24 March 2021, sharing the track of line T1.

Line T3[]

Line 3

Operates from 04:32 to 00:06, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Meyzieu.

Codenamed "LEA" (Ligne de l'Est de l'Agglomération), Line T3 runs along a portion of the former CFEL (Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est de Lyon) train line which extended from the Gare de l'Est de Lyon to Saint-Genix-d'Aoste (via Crémieu, et Montalieu).[3]

Line T3, which is 14.6 km long, runs largely on ballasted railroad track. It takes 23 minutes to go from Gare Part-Dieu - Villette to Meyzieu - ZI, and runs at a maximum speed of 70 km/h (60 km/h at intersections, of which 26 are equipped with crossing gates). 7 km run near residential areas and are equipped with a noise barrier.

Line T4[]

Operates from 04:39 to 00:45, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Saint-Priest - Porte des Alpes.

  • IUT - Feyssine (7.30am to 9am only, as of November 2013)
  • Croix-Luizet (7.30am to 9am only, as of November 2013)
  • INSA - Einstein (7.30am to 9am only, as of November 2013)
  • - Gaston Berger (connection: tram T1)
  • Université Lyon 1 (connection: tram T1)
  • Condorcet (connection: tram T1)
  • Le Tonkin (connection: tram T1)
  • Charpennes - Charles Hernu (connections: metro A, metro B, tram T1)
  • Collège Bellecombe (connection: tram T1)
  • Thiers - Lafayette (connection: tram T1)
  • Gare Part-Dieu - Villette (connections: SNCF, tram T3, Rhônexpress) (connections at Gare Part-Dieu - Vivier Merle with walking distance: tram T1, metro B)
  • Archives Départementales
  • Manufacture - Montluc
  • Lycée Colbert
  • Jet d'Eau - Mendès France (connection: tram T2)
  • Lycée Lumière (connection: tram T2 nearby)
  • États-Unis - Musée Tony Garnier
  • Beauvisage - CISL (connection: tram T6)
  • États-Unis - Viviani
  • Joliot Curie - Marcel Sembat
  • La Borelle
  • Gare de Vénissieux (connections: SNCF, metro D)
  • Croizat - Paul Bert
  • Marcel Houël - Hôtel de Ville
  • Lycée Jacques Brel
  • Herriot - Cagne
  • Vénissy
  • Division Leclerc
  • Maurice Thorez
  • Lénine - Corsière
  • Darnaise
  • Hôpital Feyzin Vénissieux

Line T5[]

Operates from 05:00 to 00:00, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Saint-Priest - Porte des Alpes.

  • Grange Blanche (connections: metro D, tram T2)
  • Ambroise Paré (connection: tram T2)
  • Desgenettes (connections: tram T2, tram T6)
  • Essarts - Iris (connection: tram T2)
  • Boutasse - Camille Rousset (connection: tram T2)
  • Hôtel de Ville - Bron (connection: tram T2)
  • Les Alizés (connection: tram T2)
  • De Tassigny - Curial
  • Lycée Jean-Paul Sartre
  • Parc du Chêne (service ends here in July and August)
  • Eurexpo (except in July and August)

From its opening to 4 October 2021, line T5 served the stop Eurexpo only on exhibition days and only from 08:00 to 22:00 (sometimes to 00:00). Since 5 October 2020, line T5 serves Eurexpo everyday, except in July and August.[4]

A projected extension to Chassieu, which would have added two new stations, Eurexpo 2 and René Cassin, was not approved by the public enquiry and has been postponed (possibly indefinitely) due to lack of support from local councillors.[5] Planning documents do however still include a future study of an extension to line T5 via Chassieu to meet line T3 close to the Groupama Stadium spur.[6] This link is considered to be strategic by the owners of the Eurexpo conference centre, as it could enable direct travel from Eurexpo to Lyon Part-Dieu railway station and to the airport.[7]

Line T6[]

Operates from 05:00 to 00:56, maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Saint-Priest - Porte des Alpes.

  • Debourg (connections: metro B, tram T1)
  • Challemel-Lacour - Artillerie
  • Moulin à Vent
  • Petite Guille
  • Beauvisage - Pressensé
  • Beauvisage - CISL (connection: tram T4)
  • Grange Rouge - Santy
  • Mermoz - Californie
  • Mermoz - Moselle
  • Mermoz-Pinel (connection: metro D)
  • Essarts - Laënnec
  • Desgenettes (connections: tram T2, tram T5)
  • Vinatier
  • Hôpitaux Est - Pinel

Line T6 has been built as an extension of line T1 from its terminus at Debourg to Lyon's eastern hospital complex. A subsequent extension to La Doua, the university campus in Villeurbanne, is also envisaged.[8]

Line T7[]

Operates from 06:00 to 23:55 (from 08:00 on Saturday and from 09:00 on Sunday), maintained by the Centre de Maintenance de Meyzieu.

Since its opening, the Parc Olympique Lyonnais is connected to the Lyon tram network with a specially built railway track, but this track was only used by special tram shuttles running on game or event days in the stadium. Line T7 has been launched as a daily tram service to serve the Parc Olympique Lyonnais and its developing neighborhood named OL Vallée.

This line didn't require the construction of any new railway, it only uses an infrastructure that already existed before, including a part of line T3 and the railway track that links line T3 to the Parc Olympique Lyonnais.

Rhônexpress[]

A Rhônexpress train, foreground, with a T3 tram.
Main article: Rhônexpress

Rhônexpress is an express line which links Gare Part-Dieu Villette to Saint-Exupéry airport, with intermediate stops at Vaulx-en-Velin – La Soie (transfer to Metro Line A) and Meyzieu ZI. It only serves four stations (including airport). The route is served by 6 tram trains, constructed by Swiss builder Stadler Rail. Its route consists of the existing T3 tram line, which is built with passing tracks to allow express service, and an 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) new track extension[citation needed] from Meyzieu ZI to the airport. Total length of track is 22 kilometres (14 mi)[2] needing approximately 30 minutes to go from Part-Dieu to the airport.[2] Service runs from morning until last flight arrival, with departures every 15 minutes at peak times.

Work began on October 9, 2008 and was completed August 9, 2010.[9] The Conseil général of the Rhône department franchised the operation rights for 30 years to Rhônexpress, a consortium including Vinci SA (28.2%), Veolia Transport (28.2%), Vossloh Infrastructure Service (4.2%), Cegelec Centre Est (2,8%) and the Caisse des dépôts et consignations.[10] Unlike the Lyon tramways, the Rhônexpress is not run by TCL. Stadler's Tangos are used as rolling stock.

Map[]

Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap

Rolling stock[]

The TCL fleet is composed of 106 articulated Alstom Citadis X02 vehicles. 73 Citadis 302s, numbered N°801 - 873, were built between 2000 and 2009, and serve on lines T1, T2, T5, T6 and T7. 34 Citadis 402s, numbered N°874 - 906, were built between 2012 and 2020, and serve on lines T3 and T4. In August 2021, it was announced that Alstom will supply 35 additional Citadis trams to Lyon. These will be identical to the 15 43-metre trams delivered in 2020 and 2021, which feature a redesigned nose for better visibility and driving comfort.[11]

Six Stadler Tango vehicles are used for the Rhônexpress service.

Development projects[]

Four tram lines are being studied for getting started by 2026:

T6 Extension to La Doua, via Gratte-Ciel district in Villeurbanne

T8 : Bellecour - Part-Dieu - La Doua

T9 : La Doua - Vaulx-en-Velin Hôtel de Ville - Carré de Soie

T10 : Gerland - ZAC Technosud - Saint-Fons - Vénissieux railway station.

See also[]

References[]

Inline citations[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Le Tramway sur le réseau TCL" [The Tramway in TCL's network] (in French). TCL - SYTRAL. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2013-09-25.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "La société Rhônexpress : les chiffres clefs du service offert" [The Rhônexpress company: Key figures for the service offered] (in French). Rhônexpress. Retrieved 2013-09-25.
  3. ^ Le Chemin de fer de l'Est de Lyon de MM. Domengie, Alquati, Moulin et Roze, Les Éditions du Cabri, 1996
  4. ^ "Lyon : Eurexpo sera désormais desservi tous les jours par les TCL". lyonmag.fr (in French). Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  5. ^ "Le tram à Chassieu : comment perdre 10 ans". chassieunaturellementligne.blogspot.fr (in French).
  6. ^ "Plan de Déplacements Urbains – Agglomération Lyonnaise – 2017-2030" (PDF). www.sytral.fr (in French). Retrieved 15 November 2018.
  7. ^ "La desserte d'Eurexpo freinée par le monopole de Rhônexpress ?". Lyonmag.com (in French). Retrieved 15 November 2018.
  8. ^ "Création tramway T6". www.sytral.fr (in French). Sytral. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
  9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-08-21. Retrieved 2009-03-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ Ville et transports - magazine, January 17, 2007
  11. ^ "Alstom Partners | 35 tramways Citadis supplémentaires pour le SYTRAL". www.partners.alstom.com. Retrieved 2021-09-17.

Bibliography[]

  • Lyon du tram au tram / Jean Arrivetz. - La Régordane, 2001. - ISBN 2-906984-37-X
  • Sur les rails du Lyonnais : volume 2 : les réseaux secondaires, tacots, ficelles et métro / José Banaudo. - Les éditions du Cabri, Gérad Tisserand et De Borée 2002. - ISBN 2-84494-134-6
  • 20 Minutes - Le tramway Léa fait ses premiers pas.

External links[]

Coordinates: 45°43′06″N 4°55′43″E / 45.71833°N 4.92861°E / 45.71833; 4.92861

Retrieved from ""