Panjnad River

Panjnad River
Path of the Panjnad [1]
Native name	پنجند  (Punjabi)

Panjnad River (Punjabi & Urdu: پنجند) is a river at the extreme end of Bahawalpur district in Punjab, Pakistan. The name Panjnad means five rivers, from Persian: panj ("five") and Sanskrit: nadī́ ("rivers"). Panjnad River is formed by successive confluence or merger of the five rivers of the Punjab, namely Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.^[1][2][3][4]

Jhelum and Ravi join Chenab, Beas joins Sutlej, and then Sutlej and Chenab join to form Panjnad, 10 miles north of Uch Sharif in Muzaffar Garh district. The combined stream runs southwest for approximately 44 miles and joins the Indus River at Mithankot. The Indus river continues and then drains into the Arabian Sea. A barrage on Panjnad has been erected; it provides irrigation channels for Punjab and Sindh provinces south of the Sutlej and east of the Indus rivers.^[1]

Beyond the confluence of Indus and Panjnad rivers, the Indus river was known as Satnad (Sat = seven) carrying the waters of seven rivers including Indus river, which is believed to be in earlier times the Saraswati/Ghaggar/Hakra river which eventually dried up and became a seasonal river due to seismic shifts in the glacial region of Himachal Pradesh where it originated. Later on, Kabul River and the five rivers of the Punjab made their separate courses and became separately known after their shifts.

References[]

See also[]

• Panjnad
• Topography of Pakistan

Coordinates: 28°57′N 70°30′E / 28.950°N 70.500°E / 28.950; 70.500

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