Tourism in Uzbekistan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Uzbekistan is a country with potential for an expanded tourism industry. Many of its Central Asian cities were main points of trade on the Silk Road, linking Eastern and Western civilizations. Today the museums of Uzbekistan store over two million artifacts, evidence of the unique historical, cultural and spiritual life of the Central Asian peoples that have lived in the region. Uzbekistan attracts tourists with its historical, archeological, architectural and natural treasures.

According to the Statistical Internet Survey, carried out from May 7 to August 27, 2008, the largest proportion of those surveyed (39%) visit the country because of their interest in the architectural and historical sites of Uzbekistan. The next-largest group (24%) visit Uzbekistan to observe its culture, way of life and customs.

Cultural Tourism is the only major product Uzbekistan is providing to visitors since its independence. Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva are hot spots of tourism.

Tourist activities in Uzbekistan range from outdoor activities, such as rock-climbing, to exploration of its rich archeological and religious history.

In 2005, 240,000 tourists from 117 countries visited Uzbekistan. The industry earned US$30 million (90.9% of forecast). Overall, the tourism sector served 621,700 people and rendered services for 40.6 billion (73.1% of forecast). The industry earned 598.4 million soums. Each autumn, the Uzbek travel industry holds an International Tourism Fair.

Uzbekistan is located on the Great Silk Road and many neighboring countries (including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) promote their countries based on their location along the Great Silk Road.

The World Tourism Organization's Silk Road Office was opened in 2004 in Samarkand. This office was commissioned to coordinate the efforts of international organisations and national tourism offices of countries located on the Silk Road. Uzbekistan is also a member of The Region Initiative (TRI), a tri-regional umbrella of tourism related organisations. TRI functions as a link between three regions----South Asia, Central Asia, Caucasus and Eastern Europe which is also by Armenia, Bangladesh, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Tajikistan, Russia, Sri Lanka, Turkey and Ukraine.

Visitors by countries[]

Visitors arriving to Uzbekistan were from the following countries of nationality:

Nationality 2019[1] 2018[2] 2017[3] 2016[4] 2015[5] 2014[6]
 Kazakhstan Decrease 2,261,094 Increase 2,456,866 Increase 1,783,815 Increase 1,412,161 Increase 1,285,008 1,163,984
 Tajikistan Decrease 1,473,684 Increase 1,700,658 Increase 261,861 Decrease 213,692 Decrease 246,816 291,167
 Kyrgyzstan Increase 1,454,907 Increase 1,101,477 Increase 375,017 Increase 174, 845 Increase 146,332 119,620
 Turkmenistan Increase 574,795 Increase 245,756 Increase 62,483 Decrease 49,526 Increase 55,060 44,925
 Russia Decrease 455,470 Increase 460,166 Increase 143,900 Decrease 119,049 Decrease 123,153 124,218
 Turkey Decrease 63,539 Increase 74,802 Increase 55,238 Increase 46,069 Decrease 40,389 40,563
 Afghanistan Decrease 62,580 Increase 71,067 Increase 32,130 Increase 24,365 Increase 21,995 21,249
 China Increase 54,293 Increase 37,083 Increase 19,749 Increase 16,765 Increase 16,441 14,818
 South Korea Increase 35,524 Decrease 32,700 Increase 37,357 Increase 31,936 Decrease 30,489 33,323
 India Increase 27,898 Increase 22,198 Decrease 15,829 Decrease 18,746 Decrease 19,827 21,707
 Germany Increase 27,625 Increase 19,056 Increase 7,811 Increase 6,605 Decrease 6,122 8,041
 Japan Increase 24,944 Increase 17,237 Increase 4,086 Increase 3,012 Decrease 2,306 2,423
 France Increase 20,390 Increase 14,195 Increase 5,748 Increase 4,889 Decrease 3,670 6,019
 Italy Increase 20,356 Increase 14,156 Increase 5,162 Increase 3,057 Decrease 2,601 3,520
 USA Increase 17,106 Increase 12,723 Increase 1,525 Decrease 1,349 Decrease 1,367 1,454
 United Kingdom Increase 15,962 Increase 8,941 Increase 3,256 Increase 2,217 Increase 1,959 2,043
 Ukraine Decrease 14,041 Increase 15,573 Increase 735 Decrease 664 Decrease 2,431 4,763
 Israel Increase 13,615 Increase 10,022 Increase 4,155 Decrease 3,564 Increase 3,738 3,414
 Iran Increase 13,469 Increase 10,573 Decrease 3,058 Decrease 5,541 Decrease 6,654 8,445
 Azerbaijan Increase 12,367 Increase 11,161 Increase 4,312 Decrease 2,989 Decrease 3,368 3,878
 Spain Increase 12,191 Increase 7,745 Increase 449 Increase 353 Decrease 239 1,552
 Belarus Decrease 7,411 Increase 16,470 Increase 3,011 Increase 1,813 Increase 1,224 666
 Pakistan Decrease 5,791 Increase 6,032 Increase 3,799 Increase 424 Increase 390 14
 Poland Increase 5,132 Increase 3,147 Increase 115 Increase 182 Decrease 176 353
 Moldova Decrease 4,601 Increase 6,215 Decrease 33 Decrease 24 Increase 34 70
 Australia Increase 4,588 Increase 2,549 Decrease 2 Decrease 3 Decrease 4 35
 Netherlands Increase 4,504 Increase 3,054 Increase 30 Decrease 28 Decrease 68 96
 Malaysia Increase 4,388 Decrease 2,837 Decrease 3,164 Increase 3,450 Decrease 2,807 3,922
  Switzerland Increase 3,837 Increase 3,115 Increase 63 Decrease 28 Decrease 47 78
 Canada Increase 3,767 Increase 1,946
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 3
 Austria Increase 3,216 Increase 2,226 Decrease 29 Decrease 40 Decrease 97 138
 Belgium Increase 3,044 Increase 2,235 Increase 48 Decrease 29 Decrease 67 79
 Georgia Decrease 2,916 Increase 2,990 Decrease 129 Decrease 177 Increase 228 135
 Indonesia Increase 2,702 Increase 1,702 Decrease 1
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 UAE Increase 2,423 Decrease 1,664 Decrease 5,771 Increase 5,880 Increase 5,533 5,003
 Taiwan Increase 2,131 Increase 1,381 Decrease 1
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 3
 Latvia Increase 1,933 Increase 1,478 Decrease 291 Decrease 256 Decrease 413 604
 Singapore Increase 1,820 Increase 1,804 Decrease 10
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 Decrease 2
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 Czech Republic Increase 1,804 Increase 1,547 Decrease 128 Decrease 44 Decrease 71 1,942
 Sweden Increase 1,782 Increase 1,092 Increase 3
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 Decrease 7 12
 Armenia Increase 1,740 Increase 1,529 Decrease 9 Decrease 44 Increase 23 16
 Norway Increase 1,659 Increase 1,168
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 Thailand Increase 1,637 Decrease 1,260 Increase 1,987 Increase 1,459 Increase 1,414 1,348
 Denmark Increase 1,605 Increase 775 Decrease 2
No data
 Decrease 1 2
 Philippines Increase 1,510 Increase 635 Increase 18
No data
 Decrease 8 402
 Lithuania Increase 1,453 Increase 873 Decrease 474 Decrease 524 Increase 804 654
 Saudi Arabia Increase 1,382 Increase 974 Decrease 56 Decrease 266 Increase 290 80
 Greece Increase 1,211 Increase 821 Decrease 1 Decrease 3 Decrease 23 41
 Slovakia Increase 1,112 Increase 668 Increase 20 Decrease 17 Decrease 48 55
 Bulgaria Increase 1,064 Increase 738 Increase 17 Increase 76 Decrease 28 64
 Hungary Increase 1,047 Increase 1,014 Increase 23 Decrease 5 Decrease 20 39
 Bangladesh Increase 1,039 Increase 448 Increase 9 Decrease 6 Increase 8 18
Earth Day Flag.png Statelessness Decrease 1,024 Increase 2,558
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 Finland Increase 974 Increase 635 Decrease 3 Decrease 16 20
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 Egypt Increase 923 Increase 689 Increase 4
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 Romania Increase 920 Increase 508 Increase 1
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 17
 Portugal Increase 916 Increase 683
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 Estonia Increase 908 Increase 421 Increase 1 Decrease 22 28
 New Zealand Increase 809 Increase 555
No data
 Increase 1
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 Serbia Increase 776 Increase 654
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 Mongolia Increase 726 Increase 269 Increase 92 Increase 66 Increase 11
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 Ireland Increase 702 Increase 414
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 Brazil Increase 680 Increase 516
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 Slovenia Increase 542 Increase 455 Increase 2 Decrease 1 Decrease 22 75
 Jordan Increase 532 Increase 354 Increase 12
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 30
 South Africa Increase 431 Increase 214
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 Mexico Increase 421 Increase 270
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 Vietnam Increase 414 Decrease 269 Decrease 433 Increase 464 Increase 237 56
 Kuwait Increase 386 Increase 302 Increase 51
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 Decrease 50 55
 Syria Increase 331 Increase 314
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 1
 Argentina Increase 319 Increase 220
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 Increase 1
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 Iraq Increase 313 Increase 195
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 7
 Oman Increase 296 Increase 248 Decrease 9 Decrease 2
No data
 97
 Croatia Increase 288 Increase 245 Increase 6
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 3
 Colombia Increase 235 Increase 232
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   Nepal Increase 230 Increase 143 Decrease 7
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 384
 Nigeria Increase 216 Increase 156
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 Morocco Increase 213 Increase 153
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 Luxembourg Increase 174 Increase 168
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 11
 Sri Lanka Increase 151 Decrease 123
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 164
 Chile Decrease 144 Increase 149
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 Cyprus Increase 139 Increase 77
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 2
 Qatar Decrease 137 Increase 174 Increase 76
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 40
 Yemen Increase 132 Increase 91
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 18
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Increase 130 Increase 91
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 Algeria Decrease 120 Increase 156
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 Tunisia Decrease 115 Increase 169
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 Bahrain Increase 111 Increase 65
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 Palestine Decrease 108 Increase 111
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 DPRK Increase 102 Increase 49
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 Malta Increase 98 Increase 42
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 North Macedonia Increase 78 Increase 47
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 Cameroon Increase 77 Increase 16
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 Albania Increase 63 Increase 33
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 Myanmar Increase 61 Increase 44
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 Peru Increase 61 Increase 35
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 Brunei Increase 55 Increase 15
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 Iceland Increase 50 Increase 28
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 Ghana Increase 49 Increase 17
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 Sudan Increase 48 Increase 47
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 Cambodia Increase 46 Increase 12
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 Ethiopia Increase 45 Increase 25
No data
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 Increase 16
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 Kenya Decrease 44 Increase 65
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 Montenegro Increase 38 Increase 25
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 Ecuador Decrease 35 Increase 36
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 Venezuela Decrease 34 Increase 100
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 Mauritius Increase 33 Increase 17
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 Saint Kitts and Nevis Increase 32 Increase 15
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 Zimbabwe Increase 32 Increase 13
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 Ivory Coast Increase 31 Increase 4
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 Andorra Decrease 29 Increase 39
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 Comoros Decrease 29 Increase 31
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 Cuba Decrease 29 Increase 35
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 Costa Rica Increase 27 Increase 19
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 Uruguay Increase 26 Increase 11
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 Laos Increase 25 Increase 19
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 Dominica Increase 24 Increase 12
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 Bhutan Increase 21 Increase 14
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 8
 Zambia Increase 21 Increase 9
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 Senegal Increase 19 Increase 6
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 Guinea Increase 18 Increase 11
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 Marshall Islands Decrease 18 Increase 41
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 Bolivia Decrease 17 Increase 21
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 DRC Increase 17 Increase 10
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 Uganda Increase 17 Increase 15
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 1
 Kiribati Increase 16 Increase 2
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 Monaco Increase 16 Increase 4
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 Libya Increase 13 Increase 6
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 Tanzania Decrease 13 Increase 14
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 El Salvador Increase 12 Increase 6
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 Jamaica Increase 11 Increase 1
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 Maldives Increase 11 Increase 8
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 Dominican Republic Increase 10 Increase 1
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 Honduras Increase 9 Increase 8
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 Mali Increase 9 Increase 1
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 São Tomé and Príncipe Increase 9 Increase 8
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 Angola Increase 8 Increase 2
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 Burundi Increase 8 0
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 Fiji Increase 8 Increase 5
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 Panama Increase 8 Increase 2
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 Botswana Increase 7 0
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 Nicaragua Increase 7 Increase 5
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 Eswatini Increase 7 0
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 Mauritania Increase 6 Increase 2
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 Rwanda Decrease 6 Increase 8
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 San Marino Increase 6 Increase 2
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 Somalia Increase 6 Increase 5
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 Guatemala Decrease 5 Increase 6
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 Trinidad and Tobago Decrease 5 Increase 8
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 Eritrea Increase 4 Increase 3
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 Guyana Increase 4 Increase 1
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 Haiti Increase 4 Increase 4
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 Namibia Decrease 4 Increase 6
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 Niger Increase 4 Increase 1
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 Chad Increase 3 Increase 1
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 Gambia Increase 3 Increase 3
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 Malawi Increase 3 Increase 1
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 Antigua and Barbuda Decrease 2 Increase 5
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 Benin Decrease 2 Increase 4
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 Gabon Increase 2 Increase 1
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 Tokelau Decrease 2 Increase 8
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 Madagascar Decrease 1 Increase 3
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Total Increase 6,748,512 Increase 6,432,983 Increase 2,847,877 Increase 2,157,676 Increase 2,034,253 Increase 1,938,035

Climate and natural advantages[]

The climate and the natural conditions of Uzbekistan are among the most favorable in Central Asia. For example, the former capital of Kazakhstan, Almaty, which is 502 mi northeast of Tashkent, the average annual temperature is 5-8 degrees[vague] lower. At the same time, 804 mi southwest of Tashkent in Ashgabat, the average annual temperature is 8-10 degrees[vague] higher. The relatively temperate climate, plus the presence of irrigated water, enrich the land of Uzbekistan and increase its agricultural yields. The melons, grapes, apples, quinces, and pears of Uzbekistan are well known for their quality.[citation needed]

The combination of snow and mostly warm, sunny weather makes the Chimgan and Beldersay ski slopes near Tashkent extremely popular.[citation needed]

Mountaineering, hiking and rock-climbing[]

Uzbekistan Mountains are for active forms of tourism such as mountaineering and rock climbing. Most well known for its ease of access from Tashkent is a highlands Chimgan located in the mountain massive of dominant Greater Chimgan peak (3,309 m) of the Chatkal range at an altitude of 1,620 m. This place serves as a commencement for many routes of hiking, climbing, horse riding, mountain skiing and hang-gliding.

Architectural and historical sights[]

Samarkand with its Registan, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Gur-Emir and Shah-i-Zinda, Bukhara with its Po-i-Kalyan Complex, Ark citadel, Samanid Mausoleum and Lyabi Khauz Ensemble, and of course Khiva with its intact inner city Ichan Kala, mosques, madrasahs, minarets, walls and gates are sites of tourism.

The general conference of UNESCO accepted the decision of inclusion in the list of anniversaries the celebrating of 2750th anniversary of Samarkand. Samarkand is one of pearls of East. Here are many unique monuments of culture and architecture, which are evidence of high mastery of the ancient architects. The restoration works are carrying out at the memorial complex Shah-i-Zinda. Basic principle of rebuilding of the center of Samarkand is a preservation of monuments in their integrity. The complex of historical center of the town is included in the list of a world heritage of UNESCO under the name "Samarkand is an intersection of world culture."

Though Tashkent is often overlooked in the search for the Silk Road oasis towns of Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva, for the traveler there is much besides this to be seen. Today one can visit such sights as Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin Bobo and the Sheihantaur or Mausoleum of Zangiata.

Tourism in Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan[]

Ancient Khiva is one of three most important tourism centers of Uzbekistan with historical cultural and ethnographic potential. The territory of the Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan is strewn with natural, historic, architectural and archeological sites. The Khorezm Province itself possesses near to 300 historic monuments.

In the last few years, the tourism potential at the region was improved with some new facilities and attractions. One of them is the Savitsky Museum in the town of Nukus, which houses a collection of works of avant-gardism. The museum also has regional collection. A number of "ecological tours" are organized to the ship cemetery located in Muynak area along what has once been the coastline of the Aral Sea.

In 2005 Khorezm was visited by 43,000 tourists, of which foreigners accounted for 19,700. The majority of them came from countries such as France, Germany, Israel, Great Britain, Australia and Japan. The visitors of Khiva were mostly at the age of 50-70 (46%); about 21% of tourists were of the age 30–40. 32% of the visitors of Khorezm was independent travelers, that received visa support" from local travel agencies.

After the modernization of the airport in Urgench it received international status. Now it corresponds to the first category of ICAO.

Wildlife areas in the desert and other attractions on nomadic ways[]

Desert fauna of Kyzyl Kum includes many kinds of rare animals. There is a Kyzyl Kum nature reserve at the flood-land (tugai) drained by the Amu-Darya. Another reserve (eco-centre)"Djeyran" is located 40 km to the south of Bukhara.

The region of the Aydar Lake is an area of potential for fishing, yurting and camel-back riding tourist activities.

In addition to fauna common for Kyzyl Kum, there are many kinds of water birds migrating from Aral Sea that make their homes around the lake. Many sorts of fish were introduced to the Aydar Lake, which nowadays works as a source of industrial fishing.

Another point of interest the Sarmish Gorge (Better known as Sarmishsay) is located on the southern slopes of the Karatau mountain range, 30–40 km to the north-east of the city of Navoi (Kermine) in Uzbekistan. This place is famous for various ancient monuments of anthropogenic activity concentrated in an area of about 20 km2. The sights include flint quarries, mines, old settlements, burial mounds, crypts and petroglyphs, including monuments of the Middle Ages, early Iron Age, Bronze Age and even Stone Age. There are over 4,000 petroglyphs still intact in Sarmishsay. Since ancient times this territory has been a sacred zone, where locals performed their sacred ceremonies on holy days.

Religious tourism[]

A large number of tourists have been visiting Uzbekistan because of their religious-based interest. The followers of tariqas know that dozens of historical sights of Islam such as Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin Bobo, Sheihantaur and Mausoleum of Zangiata in Tashkent or Bahauddin Complex in Bukhara, Bayan-Quli Khan Mausoleum, Saif ed-Din Bokharzi Mausoleum and many other monuments related to Sufism are in Uzbekistan. is buried in Samarkand, Imam Bukhari in Bukhara, and Imam Tirmidhi is in Termez, near the Afghan border.

Uzbekistan is a country with predominantly Islamic roots. More than 160 Muslim sacred relics are located in the country.

Dental Tourism[]

Lately many modern dental clinics were established in Uzbekistan. They provide patients with dentistry services. Prices here much cheaper in comparison with Western and Russian clinics.

Gastronomic Tourism[]

Uzbek cuisine - perhaps most known national and developed aspect of the Uzbekistan culture and Uzbekistan people. Unlike its nomadic neighbors, the Uzbek people has had a strong civilization for many centuries. People cultivated wheat and bred horned livestock between deserts and mountains, in oasis and fertile valleys. Therefore, rich products have allowed the Uzbek people to develop certain traditions of hospitality which, in turn, have made their cuisine known to the whole world.

The most of popular items of Uzbek cuisine are following

Palov, the Uzbek version of "pilaff" - is a very solemn dish. It can be considered as an everyday dish as well as a dish for solemn and great events like weddings, parties and holidays. Rice is the most important component of plov, along with certain spices, raisins, peas or quince which are added to give it extra flavor.

Bread is considered holy for the Uzbek people.

Soups are of special importance. Uzbek soup is rich with vegetables and seasonings and contains many carrots, turnips, onions and greens. Most popular is Uzbek Shurpa. Shurpa is a meat and vegetable soup.

Shashlyk, also known as kebabs, consists of skewered chunks of mutton barbecued over charcoal and served with sliced raw onions and non (round unleavened bread)

Samsa (meat pies) is a pastry pie stuffed with meat and onion or pumpkin, potato, cabbage, mushrooms or nuts baked in a tandyr. Tandyr is a traditional cylindrical clay oven, heated with coal. Skill is needed when placing the raw samsas or non onto the inside wall of the oven.

Lagman is a thick noodle soup with thinly sliced fried meat and vegetables.

Manty are large dumplings stuffed with finely chopped meat, seasoned with various spices and a large amount of onion, then steamed in a special pot.

Wine Tourism[]

Uzbekistan (and other countries in Central Asia) is not significantly relevant to the main wine-growing powers of the world, however, the country has a long history of winemaking and wine culture. Tashkentvino kombinati[7] is one of the oldest companies in the industry, founded in 1867 on the outskirts of Tashkent, near the shore of the channel Salar. Tashkentvino produces a range of quality spirits. Wine Factory become popular not only in Russia but also abroad. These wines, like "Red Tashkent", "Oporto", "Sultan", "Cahors" won gold and silver medals at the Moscow Polytechnic Exhibition in 1872 and at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1878.

Accessibility of the country[]

Most travel involves entering and leaving Uzbekistan through Tashkent, the capital city of Uzbekistan. The city is serviced by an international airport, a domestic airport, two Vokzals (railway stations), and numerous bus stations. Experienced travelers try to avoid Tashkent International airport. Tashkent is serviced by Uzbekistan Airways, Korean Air, airBaltic, Asiana Airlines, Turkish Airlines, Transaero, Aeroflot, Czech airlines, Iran air, air Astana, S7 airlines seven more airports of Uzbekistan have international status. Those airports are of Samarkand, Bukhara Urgench Namangan airport, Namangan, Anzizhan airport [Andizhan], Fergana Airport [Fergana] and Nukus Airport [Nukus] Besides local flights and some regular international flights, almost exclusively to Russia along with occasional tourist charters to Samarkand, Bukhara, Nukus and Urgench. The tickets for domestic flights can be reserved or purchased outside of the country at Uzbekistan Airways offices or agencies or via a number of online websites. Uzbekistan Airways transported more than 1.7 million passengers in 2005

At the end of 2005, the Tashkent airport had put in operation a new arrival hall for local airlines, with the new addition meeting modern requirements. Its technical equipment allows to serve up to 600 passenger per day. The new automatized registration system supposedly offers improved quality and comfort to travelers.[citation needed]

Photo gallery[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Распространение по странам числе посетителей Республики Узбекистан по итогам 2019 года". uzbekistan.travel. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Распределение въехавших в Республику Узбекистан иностранных граждан по странам в 2018 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Распределение въехавших в Республику Узбекистан иностранных граждан по странам в 2017 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  4. ^ "Распределение по странам числа иностранных лиц, въехавших в Республику Узбекистан в 2016 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  5. ^ "Распределение въехавших в Республику Узбекистан иностранных граждан по странам в 2015 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  6. ^ "Распределение по странам числа иностранных лиц, въехавших в Республику Узбекистан в 2014 году". stat.uz. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  7. ^ JSC FI “Tashkentvino kombinati” Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine

External links[]

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