150 personae non gratae of Turkey

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The 150 personae non gratae of Turkey (Turkish: Yüzellilikler, lit.'Hundred-and-fiftyers')[1] is a list of high-ranking personages of the Ottoman Empire who were exiled from the Republic of Turkey shortly after the end of the Turkish War of Independence with the Armistice of Mudanya on 11 October 1922. The Sultanate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in Angora (Ankara) on 1 November 1922, and the last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI, was declared persona non grata.[2] Leaving Constantinople (now Istanbul) aboard the British warship HMS Malaya on 17 November 1922, he went into exile and died in Sanremo, Italy, on 16 May 1926.

The list was created on 23 April 1924, by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, and revised on 1 June 1924.[3] By targeting the former Imperial ruling-elite, it reaffirmed the political and cultural break between the Empire and the Republic. The preliminary list contained 600 individuals.

List[]

House of Osman
! # Name Description
1 Mehmed VI Last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
2 Kiraz Hamdi Aide-de-camp of Sultan
3 Zeki General Hademe-i Hassa
4 Kayserili Şaban Ağa Hazine-i Hassa Müfettişi (Ottoman Central Depot inspector)
5 Şükrü Tütüncübaşı
6 Şerkarin Yaver
7 Miralay Tahir
8 Seryaver Avni
9 Refik former Hazine-i Hassa Müdürü ve Defter-i Hakani Emini
Imperial Government
! # Name Description
10 Ürgüplü Mustafa Sabri Efendi former Sheikh ul-Islam
11 Ali Rüşdi Minister of Justice
12 Cemal Artin Minister of Agriculture and Trade
13 Cakacı Hamdi Pasha former Minister of the Navy
14 Rumbeyoğlu Fahrettin former Minister of Education and Minister of Justice
15 Kızılhançerli Remzi former Minister of Agriculture and Trade
16 Hâdi Pasha General & signer of Treaty of Sèvres
17 Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı former Şura-yı Devlet Reisi & signer of Treaty of Sèvres
18 Reşat Halis former Ottoman Ambassador to Switzerland & signer of Treaty of Sèvres
Kuva-i İnzibatiye
! # Name Description
19 Süleyman Şefik Pasha Kuva-i İnzibatiye Commander In Chief
20 Bulgar Tahsin Cavalry Captain (adjutant of Şefik Pasha)
21 Colonel Kuva-i İnzibatiye, Erkan-ı Harbiye Reisi
22 Tarık Mümtaz Commander of Kuva-i İnzibatiye Mitralyöz and adjutant of Damat Ferit Pasha
23 Ali Nadir Pasha Kuva-i İnzibatiye, Commander of İzmir Army Corps
24 Kaymakam Fettah Kuva-i İnzibatiye & Nemrut Mustafa Divanı Harp member
25 Çopur Hakkı Kuva-i İnzibatiye member
Governors (vali) of the provinces of the Ottoman Empire (vilayet)
! # Name Description
26 Gümülcineli İsmail former governor of Bursa
27 Konyalı Zeynelabidin
28 Fanizade Mes'ud former Cebelibereket (Osmaniye) Mutasarrıfı
29 Miralay Sadık Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası leader
30 Bedirhani Halil Râmi former Malatya Mutasarrıfı
31 Giritli Hüsnü former Mutasarrıf of Manisa
32 Nemrud Mustafa former Court Martial Judge
33 Hulusi former Mayor of Uşak
34 Hain Mustafa former District-Governor of Adapazarı
35 Hafız Ahmet former Müftü of Tekirdağ
36 Sâbit former Mutasarrıf of Afyonkarahisar
37 Celâl Kadri former Mutasarrıf of Gaziantep
38 Adanalı Zeynelabidin General Editor of Hürriyet ve İtilaf
39 Vasfi Hoca former Evkaf Nazırı
40 Damat Ali Galip former Governor of Harput
41 Ömer Fevzi Müftü of Bursa
42 Ahmet Asım İzmir Kadı Müşaviri
43 Nâtık former İstanbul Muhafızı
44 Âdil former Minister of the Interior
45 Mehmet Ali Bey former Minister of the Interior
46 Salim Mirimiran former Governor and Deputy Mayor of Edirne
47 Hoca Raish-zâde İbrahim Mutasarrıf for the Greeks in Kütahya
48 Abdurrahman Governor of Adana during the Franco-Turkish War
49 Ömer Fevzi member of parliament from Şarkikarahisar
50 Adil Mülazım, known as "torturer"
51 Refik Mülazım, known as "torturer"
52 Şerif former Kırkağaç Kaymakamı
53 Mahmut Mahir former Çanakkale Mutasarrıfı
54 Emin former İstanbul Merkez Kumandanı
55 Sadullah Sami former Kilis Kaymakamı
56 Osman Nuri former Mutasarrıf of Bolu and former Dahiliye Nezareti Dava Vekili
Çerkes Ethem and accomplices
! # Name Description
57 Çerkes Ethem
58 Reşit brother of Çerkes Ethem
59 Tevfik brother of Çerkes Ethem
60 Eşref Kuşçubaşı
61 Hacı Sami brother of Eşref Kuşçubaşı
62 İzmirli Küçük Ethem captainformer Akhisar Kaymakamı
63 Düzceli Mehmet oğlu Sami
64 Burhaniyeli Halil İbrahim
65 Demirkapılı Hacı Ahmet from Susurluk
Participant envoys to Çerkes Kongresi
! # Name Description
66 Bağ Osman from Sümbüllü köyü, Hendek
67 İbrahim Hakkı former İzmit Mutasarrıfı
68 Sait Beraev
69 Tahir Berzek
70 Maan Şirin from Harmantepe köyü, Adapazarı
71 Hüseyin son of Hoca Ömer from Teke köyü, Söke Ereğlisi
72 Bağ Kamil from Talustanbey köyü, Adapazarı
73 Hamete Ahmet
74 Maan Ali
75 Harun Reşit from Karaosman köyü, Kirmastı
76 Eskişehirli Hızır Hoca
77 İsa son of Bigalı Nuri Bey
78 Lampaz Yakup from Şahinbey köyü, Adapazarı
79 Kumpat Hafız Sait from Bayramiç köyü, Gönen
80 Sait davavekili from İzmir
81 Şamlı Ahmet Nuri
Police officers
! # Name Description
82 Tahsin former Director of Istanbul Police
83 Kemal former assistant director of İstanbul Police
84 Ispartalı Kemal assistant director of Emniyeti Umumiye
85 Hafız Sait former İstanbul Polis Müdüriyeti Birinci Kısım Başmemuru
86 Şeref former İstanbul Polis Müdüriyeti Birinci Şube Müdürü
87 Hacı Kemal former Arnavutköy Merkez Memuru
88 Nedim Commisar of Şişli
89 Fuat former İzmir Merkez Memuru, Director of Edirne Police and Yalova Kaymakamı
90 Yolgeçenli Yusuf police officer in Adana
91 Sakallı Cemil former Merkez Memuru
92 Mazlum former Büyükdere Merkez Memuru
93 Fuat former Beyoğlu İkinci Komiseri
Journalists
! # Name Description
94 Mevlânzade Rıfat owner of Serbestî & member of Freedom and Accord Party
95 Sait Molla owner of , printed in Turkish
96 İzmirli Hafız İsmail owner and former editor of & member of Darülhikmet
97 Refik Halit Karay owner of & former Posta Telgraf Müdür-ü Umumisi
98 Bahriyeli Ali Kemal owner of
99 Neyir Mustafa owner of in Selanik and in Edirne
100 Ferit former editor of
101 Refii Cevat Ulunay owner of
102 Pehlivan Kadri of
103 Fânî-zâde Ali İlmi owner of in Adana
104 Trabzonlu Ömer Fevzi one of the owners of Balıkesir İrşad Gazetesi
105 Hasan Sadık owner of Halep Doğru Yol Gazetesi
106 İzmirli Refet owner and director of
Others
! # Name Description
107 Tarsuslu KamilPashazade Selami
108 Tarsuslu KamilPashazade Kemal
109 Süleymaniyeli Kürt Hakki
110 İbrahim Sabri son of Şeyhülislam Mustafa Sabri Hoca
111 Bursalı Cemil factory owner
112 Çerkes Ragıp well-known English spy
113 Haçinli Kazak Hasan officer during French invasion
114 Süngülü Davut bandit leader
115 Çerkes Bekir Binbaşı
116 Necip brother-in-law of factory owner Bursalı Cemil
117 Ahmet Hulusi former Umur-u İslamiye Müfettişi of İzmir
118 Uşaklı Madanoğlu Mustafa
119 Remzi son of Yusuf from Tuzakçı köyü, Gönen
120 Zühtü son of Hacı Kasım from Bayramiç köyü, Gönen
121 Şakir son of Kocagözün Osman from Balcı köyü, Gönen
122 Koç Ali son of Koç Mehmet from Muratlar köyü, Gönen
123 Aziz son of Mehmet from Ayvacık köyü, Gönen
124 Osman son of Bağcılı Ahmet from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
125 İzzet son of Molla Süleyman from Yıldız köyü, Susurluk
126 Kara Kâzım son of Hüseyin from Muratlar köyü, Gönen
127 Arap Mahmut son of Bekir from Balcı köyü, Gönen
128 Gardiyan Yusuf from Rüstem köyü, Gönen
129 Eyüp son of Ömer from Balcı köyü, Gönen
130 İbrahim Çavuş son of Talustan from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
131 İbrahim son of Topallı Şerif Balcı köyü, Gönen
132 İdris son of Topal Ömer from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
133 Kurhoğlu İsmail from Bolcaağaç köyü, Manyas
134 Canpolat son of Muhtar Hacı from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
135 İshak son of Yusuf from Kayapınar köyü, Marmara
136 Sabit son of Ali Bey from Kızlık köyü, Manyas
137 Selim son of Veli from Balcı köyü, Gönen
138 Osman son of Makinacı Mehmet from Çerkes Mahallesi, Gönen
139 Kâmil son of Kadir from Değirmenboğazı köyü, Manyas
140 Galip son of Hüseyin from Keçidere köyü, Gönen
141 Salih son of Çerkes Sait from Hacıyakup köyü, Manyas
142 İsmail brother of Maktul Şevket from Hacıyakup köyü, Manyas
143 Deli Kasım son of Abdullah from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
144 Kemal son of Hasan Onbaşı from Çerkes Mahallesi, Gönen
145 Kâzım Efe brother of Kâmil son of Kadir from Değirmenboğazı köyü, Manyas
146 Pallaçoğlu Kemal from Kızlık köyü, Gönen
147 Tuğoğlu Mehmet from Keçeler köyü, Gönen
148 Peral Leriş from Kocanaip köyü, Ertuğrulgazi
149 Çağlar Akdemir from Dingiller köyü, Niğde
150 Çise Osmanoğlu from Midilli köyü

References[]

  1. ^ Boyar, Ebru, and Kate Fleet. “A Dangerous Axis: The ‘Bulgarian Müftü’, the Turkish Opposition and the Ankara Government, 1928–36.” Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 44, no. 5, Taylor & Francis, Ltd., 2008, pp. 775–89 at 778, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40262615.
  2. ^ "Mehmed VI: Ottoman sultan".
  3. ^ TERZIĆ, FARUK. “The Problematic of Prophethood and Miracles: Muṣṭafā Ṣabrī’s Response.” Islamic Studies, vol. 48, no. 1, Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 2009, pp. 5–33 at 8, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20839152.

Further reading[]

  • İlhami Soysal, Yüzellilikler, (Istanbul: Gür, 1985)
  • Kâmil Erdeha, Article "Yüzellilikler", in Sosyalist Kültür Ansiklopedisi, vol. 8, pp. 1336–1341, Istanbul: May 1980
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