1798

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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  • 1798
  • 1799
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1798 by topic
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1798 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1798
MDCCXCVIII
French Republican calendar6–7
Ab urbe condita2551
Armenian calendar1247
ԹՎ ՌՄԽԷ
Assyrian calendar6548
Balinese saka calendar1719–1720
Bengali calendar1205
Berber calendar2748
British Regnal year38 Geo. 3 – 39 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar2342
Burmese calendar1160
Byzantine calendar7306–7307
Chinese calendar丁巳年 (Fire Snake)
4494 or 4434
    — to —
戊午年 (Earth Horse)
4495 or 4435
Coptic calendar1514–1515
Discordian calendar2964
Ethiopian calendar1790–1791
Hebrew calendar5558–5559
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1854–1855
 - Shaka Samvat1719–1720
 - Kali Yuga4898–4899
Holocene calendar11798
Igbo calendar798–799
Iranian calendar1176–1177
Islamic calendar1212–1213
Japanese calendarKansei 10
(寛政１０年)
Javanese calendar1724–1725
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4131
Minguo calendar114 before ROC
民前114年
Nanakshahi calendar330
Thai solar calendar2340–2341
Tibetan calendar阴火蛇年
(female Fire-Snake)
1924 or 1543 or 771
    — to —
阳土马年
(male Earth-Horse)
1925 or 1544 or 772
February 15: French troops enter Rome.
August 1: Battle of the Nile.

1798 (MDCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1798th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 798th year of the 2nd millennium, the 98th year of the 18th century, and the 9th year of the 1790s decade. As of the start of 1798, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events[]

January–June[]

  • January – Eli Whitney contracts with the U.S. federal government for 10,000 muskets, which he produces with interchangeable parts.
  • January 4 – Constantine Hangerli enters Bucharest, as Prince of Wallachia.
  • January 22 – A coup d'état is staged in the Netherlands (Batavian Republic). Unitarian Democrat Pieter Vreede ends the power of the parliament (with a conservative-moderate majority).
  • February 10 – The Pope is taken captive, and the Papacy is removed from power, by French General Louis-Alexandre Berthier.
  • February 15 – U.S. Representative Roger Griswold (Fed-CT) beats Congressman Matthew Lyon (Dem-Rep-VT) with a cane after the House declines to censure Lyon earlier spitting in Griswold's face; the House declines to discipline either man.[1]
  • March – the Irish Rebellion of 1798 begins when the Irish Militia arrest the leadership of the Society of United Irishmen,[2] a group unique amongst Irish republican and nationalist movements in that it unifies Catholics and Protestants (Anglican, Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist and others) around republican ideals. This month, Lord Castlereagh is appointed Acting Chief Secretary for Ireland and on March 30 martial law is proclaimed here. The first battles in the rebellion are fought on May 24 and it continues through September, but the rebels receive much less than the expected support from France, which sends only 1,100 men.
  • March 5 – French troops enter Bern.[3]
  • March 7 – French forces invade the Papal States and establish the Roman Republic.
  • April 7 – The Mississippi Territory is organized by the United States, from territory ceded by Georgia and South Carolina; later it is twice expanded, to include disputed territory claimed by both the U.S. and Spain (which acquired territory in trade with Great Britain).[1]
  • April 12 – The Helvetic Republic, a French client republic, is proclaimed following the collapse of the Old Swiss Confederacy after the French invasion; Aarau becomes the republic's temporary capital.
  • April 26 – France annexes Geneva.
  • April 30 – The United States Department of the Navy is established as a cabinet-level department. Benjamin Stoddert, a civilian businessman, is appointed as the first Navy Secretary by President Adams.[1]
  • May 9 – Napoleon sets off for Toulon, sailing aboard Vice-Admiral Brueys's flagship L'Orient; his squadron is part of a larger fleet of over 300 vessels, carrying almost 37,000 troops.[4]
  • June 12
    • The French take Malta.
    • A moderate coup d'état in the Netherlands (Batavian Republic) deposes Pieter Vreede.
  • June 13 – Mission San Luis Rey de Francia is founded in California.
  • June 18 – The first of the four Alien and Sedition Acts, the Naturalization Act of 1798, is signed into law by U.S. President Adams, requiring immigrants to wait 14 years rather than five years to become naturalized citizens of the United States. On June 25, another law is signed authorizing the imprisonment and deportation of any non-citizens deemed to be dangerous.[1]

July–December[]

  • July 1 – Egyptian Campaign: Napoleon disembarks his French army in Marabout Bay.
  • July 7
    • Quasi-War: The United States Congress rescinds treaties with France, sparking the war.[1]
    • In the action of USS Delaware vs La Croyable, the newly-formed United States Navy makes its first capture.
  • July 11 – The United States Marine Corps is re-established under its present name.[1]
  • July 12 – Battle of Shubra Khit: French troops defeat the Mamelukes, during Napoleon's march from Alexandria to take Cairo.
  • July 14 – The fourth of the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Sedition Act of 1798 is signed into law, making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.[1]
  • July 16 – The Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen Act is signed into law, creating the Marine Hospital Service, the forerunner to the current United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
  • July 21 – Battle of the Pyramids: Napoleon defeats Ottoman forces near the Pyramids.
  • July 24 – Napoleon occupies Cairo.
  • July 31 – A second round of elections are held in the Netherlands (Batavian Republic); no general elections this time.
  • August 1 – Battle of the Nile (near Abu Qir): Lord Nelson defeats the French navy under Admiral Brueys. 11 of the 13 French battleships are captured or destroyed, including the flagship Orient whose magazine explodes; Nelson himself is wounded in the head.
  • August 22 – French troops land at Kilcummin in County Mayo to assist the Irish Rebellion.
  • September – Charles Brockden Brown publishes the first significant American novel, the Gothic fiction Wieland: or, The Transformation; an American Tale.
  • September 5 – Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan Law.
  • September 10
    • The Piedmontese Republic is declared in the territory of Piedmont.
    • Battle of St. George's Caye: Off the coast of British Honduras (modern-day Belize), a group of European settlers and Africans defeat a Spanish force sent from Mexico to drive them out.
  • September 18 – Lyrical Ballads is published anonymously by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth, inaugurating the English Romantic movement in literature.
  • September 23 – Battle of Killala: in the last land battle of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, British troops defeat the remaining rebel Irish and French forces at Killala.[5]
  • October 2 – The Cherokee nation signs a treaty with the United States allowing free passage through Cherokee lands in Tennessee through the Cumberland Gap through the Appalachian Mountains from Virginia into Kentucky.[1]
  • October 7 – U.S. Representative Matthew Lyon of Vermont becomes the first member of Congress to be put on trial for violating the new Sedition Act of 1798.[1]
  • October 12
  • October 22 – Capitulation of the French garrison at Hyderabad to East India Company troops under James Kirkpatrick, British Resident.
  • November 4 – The Russo-Ottoman siege of Corfu begins.
  • November 8 – British whaler John Fearn becomes the first European to land on Nauru.
  • November 28 – Trade between the United States and modern-day Uruguay begins when John Leamy's frigate John arrives in Montevideo.[6]
  • December 5 – Peasants War in the Southern Netherlands: The revolt is crushed in Hasselt; during the uprising it is estimated that 5,000 to 10,000 people have been killed.
  • December 6 – General Joubert of the Piedmontese Republic occupies the Sardinian capital of Turin.

Date unknown[]

  • Edward Jenner publishes An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolæ Vaccinæ, describing the smallpox vaccine, in London.
  • Thomas Malthus publishes An Essay on the Principle of Population (anonymously) in London.
  • Nathan Mayer Rothschild moves from Frankfurt in the Holy Roman Empire to England, settling up in business as a textile trader and financier in Manchester.
  • Alois Senefelder invents lithography.
  • The first census in Brazil counts 2 million blacks in a total population of 3.25 million.
  • The Ayrshire (Earl of Carrick's Own) Yeomanry, a British Army Yeomanry Cavalry Regiment, formed by The Earl of Cassillis at Culzean Castle, Ayrshire in 1794, is adopted onto the British Army List.
  • The platypus is first discovered by Europeans.

Births[]

August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben
Eugène Delacroix
Emperor Pedro I of Brazil

Deaths[]

Giacomo Casanova
Wolfe Tone


References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909, ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p171
  2. ^ Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1798". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale.
  3. ^ "Historical Events for Year 1798 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  4. ^ Holmes, Richard (2015). The Napoleonic Wars, Egypt and Syria campaign, p. 28. ISBN 978-1-78097-614-3
  5. ^ Stock, Joseph (1800). A Narrative of what passed at Killalla, in the County of Mayo, and the parts adjacent, during the French invasion in the summer of 1798. Dublin; London.
  6. ^ Chandler, Charles L. (June 1953). "Catholic Merchants of Early Philadelphia". Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia. 64 (2): 94–103. JSTOR 44210305.
  7. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Comte, Auguste" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 814–822.
  8. ^ Clement, Russell (1996). Four French symbolists: a sourcebook on Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, and Maurice Denis. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. ISBN 9780313297526.
  9. ^ Butterwick, Richard (May 14, 1998). Poland's Last King and English Culture: Stanisław August Poniatowski, 1732–1798. Clarendon Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-19-820701-6. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  10. ^ Cave, Edward ("Sylvanus Urban") (1798). "Obituary of Remarkable Persons with Biographical Anecdotes". The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle. Vol. 68. London: John Nichols. p. 447.
  11. ^ Ó Cathaoir, Brendan (March 17, 2008). "The death of Wolfe Tone". Irish Times. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
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