1914 in literature

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List of years in literature (table)
In poetry
1911
1912
1913
1914
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1916
1917
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1914.

Events[]

  • January 18 – A party held in honour of English poet Wilfrid Scawen Blunt at his stud farm in West Sussex brings together W. B. Yeats, Ezra Pound, Thomas Sturge Moore, Victor Plarr, Richard Aldington, F. S. Flint and Frederic Manning. Peacock is on the menu.[1]
  • February–December – Publication of New Numbers, a quarterly collection of work by the Dymock poets in England edited by Lascelles Abercrombie.
  • February 2 – James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man commences serialization in The Egoist, a new London literary magazine founded by Dora Marsden.[2]
  • February 4 – A staging of George A. Birmingham's comedy General John Regan at Westport Town Hall in Ireland provokes a riot.[3]
  • February 10 – Thomas Hardy marries his second wife, the children's author Florence Dugdale, at St Andrew's, Enfield.[4]
  • March
    • The Times Literary Supplement is published separately for the first time (in London).
    • The Little Review is founded by Margaret Caroline Anderson as part of Chicago's literary renaissance.
  • March 4 – Irish-born novelist George Moore publishes Vale, the final of his 3-volume autobiographical Hail and Farewell (first in 1911).
  • April 11 – The first English-language performance of George Bernard Shaw's comedy Pygmalion at His Majesty's Theatre is given in London[5] starring Mrs. Patrick Campbell and Herbert Beerbohm Tree, and famously including the Act III line "Not bloody likely!".
  • June – James Joyce's Dubliners, a collection of fifteen short stories depicting the Irish middle classes in and around Dublin during the early 20th century, is published in London.
  • June 20 – The first issue (of two) appears of the Vorticist literary magazine BLAST edited by Wyndham Lewis.[6] It includes Ford Madox Hueffer's "The Saddest Story", a preliminary version of The Good Soldier.
  • June 24 – Edward Thomas makes the English railway journey which inspires his poem "Adlestrop" while traveling to meet Robert Frost; Thomas begins writing poetry for the first time after this summer.[7]
  • July
    • E. M. Forster completes his novel Maurice, with its theme of male homosexual love; it is not published until 1971.
    • Heinrich Mann completes his novel Der Untertan, with its critique of German nationalism; it is not published until 1918.[8]
  • July 23 – Austro-Hungarian ultimatum includes demands that Serbia should suppress all publications which "incite hatred and contempt of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy", particularly schoolbooks.[9]
  • August
    • The literature of World War I makes its first appearance. John Masefield writes the poem "August, 1914" (published in the September 1 issue of The English Review), the last he will produce before the peace.
    • Stanley Unwin purchases a controlling interest in the London publisher George Allen.
    • At about this date Loughborough (England) publishers Wills & Hepworth publish their first illustrated children's books in the Ladybird series, Hans Andersen's Fairy Tales by E[thel] Talbot and Tiny Tots Travels by M. Burridge.[10]
  • August 3 – Siegfried Sassoon volunteers for military service, initially as a Trooper in the Sussex Yeomanry.[11]
  • August 25 – The library of the Catholic University of Leuven is set on fire by German troops during the Rape of Belgium.[12]
  • September – J. R. R. Tolkien writes a poem about Eärendil, the first appearance of his mythopoeic Middle-earth legendarium. Eärendil will much later appear in The Silmarillion. At this time Tolkien is an Oxford undergraduate staying at Phoenix Farm, Gedling, near Nottingham.[13][14]
  • September 2 – Charles Masterman invites 25 "eminent literary men" to Wellington House in London to form a secret British War Propaganda Bureau. Those who attend include William Archer, Arnold Bennett, Hall Caine, G. K. Chesterton, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ford Madox Hueffer, John Galsworthy, Thomas Hardy, Rudyard Kipling, John Masefield, Henry Newbolt, Gilbert Parker, G. M. Trevelyan and H. G. Wells. Kipling soon afterwards writes the poem "For all we have and are". W. B. Yeats, however, refuses to sign a letter of support for the War signed by most of the participants and published in The Times on September 18.
  • September 9 – Hilaire Belloc is contracted to write regular articles on the War in the new British weekly Land and Water.[15]
  • September 21 – Laurence Binyon's poem "For the Fallen", containing his "Ode of Remembrance", is published in The Times (London).
  • September 22
    • French novelist Alain-Fournier (Lieutenant Henri-Alban Fournier), aged 27, is killed in action near Vaux-lès-Palameix (Meuse) a month after enlisting, leaving his second novel, Colombe Blanchet, unfinished; his body will not be identified until 1991.[16]
    • T. S. Eliot (at this time in England to study) meets fellow American poet Ezra Pound for the first time, in London.
  • September 29 – Arthur Machen's short story "The Bowmen", origin of the legend of the Angels of Mons, is published in The Evening News (London).
  • October 2 – The date predicted by Charles Taze Russell, founder of the Watchtower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses), as the date for the "full end" of Babylon, or nominal Christianity, with statements such as: "True, it is expecting great things to claim, as we do, that within the coming twenty-six years all present governments will be overthrown and dissolved.... In view of this strong Bible evidence concerning the Times of the Gentiles, we consider it an established truth that the final end of the kingdoms of this world, and the full establishment of the Kingdom of God, will be accomplished at the end of A. D. 1914...."[17]
  • November 7 – The first issue of The New Republic magazine is published in the United States.
  • November 16 – M. P. Shiel is convicted and imprisoned for "indecently assaulting and carnally knowing" his 12-year-old de facto stepdaughter on October 26 in London.[18]
  • December – Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky, who writes under the pen name "Guillaume Apollinaire", enlists in the French Army to fight in World War I and becomes a French citizen[19] after an August attempt at enlistment is rejected.
  • December 31 – T. S. Eliot writes to Conrad Aiken from Oxford (where he has a scholarship at Merton College), saying: "I hate university towns and university people, who are the same everywhere, with pregnant wives, sprawling children, many books and hideous pictures on the walls.... Oxford is very pretty, but I don't like to be dead."[20]

New books[]

Fiction[]

Children and young people[]

Drama[]

Poetry[]

Main article: 1914 in poetry
  • Laurence Binyon – "For the Fallen" (including "Ode of Remembrance")
  • Janus Djurhuus – Yrkingar[30]
  • Robert Frost – North of Boston (including "Mending Wall")
  • Ernst Lissauer – Song of Hate against England (Hassgesang gegen England)
  • Amy Lowell – Sword Blades and Poppy Seeds
  • Gabriela Mistral – Los sonetos de la muerte (Sonnets of Death)
  • Ezra Pound, ed. – Des Imagistes: An Anthology
  • Ernst Stadler – Der Aufbruch (The Departure)
  • Gertrude Stein – Tender Buttons
  • Wallace Stevens – Phases
  • Katharine Tynan – The Flower of Peace

Non-fiction[]

  • Clive Bell – Art
  • Hall Caine – King Albert's Book
  • Henry James – Notes of a Son and Brother
  • Chrystal Macmillan – "Facts versus Fancies on Woman Suffrage" (pamphlet)
  • Paul Scheerbart – Glasarchitektur (Glass Architecture)

Births[]

  • January 2 – Vivian Stuart (aka Alex Stuart, Barbara Allen, Fiona Finlay, V. A. Stuart, William Stuart Long, Robyn Stuart), British writer (died 1986)[31]
  • January 8 – Norman Nicholson, English poet (died 1987)[32]
  • January 15 – Etty Hillesum, Dutch correspondent, diarist and Holocaust victim (died 1943)
  • January 17 – William Stafford, American poet, pacifist (died 1993)
  • January 26 – Kaye Webb, English publisher and journalist (died 1996)
  • February 4 – Alfred Andersch, German writer (died 1980)[33]
  • February 5 – William S. Burroughs, American author (died 1997)[34]
  • February 6 – Arkadi Kuleshov, Soviet poet and translator (died 1978)
  • February 25 – Frank Bonham, American novelist (died 1988)
  • March 1 – Ralph Ellison, American scholar and writer (died 1994)
  • March 4 – Barbara Newhall Follett, American prodigy novelist (went missing in December 1939)
  • March 27 – Budd Schulberg, American writer (died 2009)
  • March 28 – Bohumil Hrabal, Czech poet and controversialist (died 1997)
  • March 31 – Octavio Paz, Nobel Prize winning Mexican author (died 1998)[35]
  • April 4 – Marguerite Duras, French writer (died 1996)[36]
  • April 25 – Ross Lockridge Jr., American novelist (died 1948)[37]
  • April 26 – Bernard Malamud, American novelist (died 1986)[38]
  • April 28 – Michel Mohrt, French author and historian (died 2011)
  • May 3
    • Georges-Emmanuel Clancier, French poet (died 2018)
    • Martín de Riquer, Spanish writer and Romantic scholar (died 2013)[39]
  • May 6 – Randall Jarrell, American poet (died 1965)
  • May 8 – Romain Gary, Lithuanian-born French novelist (died 1980)[40]
  • May 12 – James Bacon, author and journalist (died 2010)
  • May 14 – Anne Baker, British writer[41]
  • June 15 – Lena Kennedy, English novelist (died 1986)
  • June 17 – Julián Marías, Spanish philosopher and author (died 2005)
  • June 26 – Laurie Lee, English poet and memoirist (died 1997)[42]
  • July 14
    • Wim Hora Adema, Dutch children's author and feminist (died 1998)
    • Béatrix Beck, French writer of Belgian origin (died 2008)
  • July 15
    • Hammond Innes, English adventure novelist (died 1998)[43]
    • Gavin Maxwell, Scottish naturalist and author (died 1969)[44]
  • July 17 – Alice Gore King, American entrepreneur, educator, writer and artist (died 2007)[45]
  • July 18 – Roy Huggins, American novelist (died 2002)[46]
  • July 23 – Alf Prøysen, Norwegian author, musician and children's writer (died 1970)
  • July 25 – Winifred Foley, English memoirist (died 2009)
  • August 9 – Tove Jansson, Finnish children's author (died 2001)[47]
  • August 20 – Colin MacInnes, English novelist (died 1976)
  • August 26 – Julio Cortázar, Argentine author (died 1984)[48]
  • September 5 – Nicanor Parra, Chilean poet and physicist (died 2018)[49]
  • September 15 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentine author (died 1999)
  • October 1 – Hilda Ellis Davidson, English antiquarian and academic (died 2006)
  • October 6 – Joan Littlewood, English theatre director and biographer (died 2002)[50]
  • October 26 – John Masters, British Raj novelist (died 1983)
  • October 27 – Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (died 1953)[51]
  • November 22 – Leah Bodine Drake, American poet (died 1964)
  • December 12 – Patrick O'Brian (Richard Patrick Russ), English historical novelist (died 2000)
  • December 24 – Herbert Reinecker, German novelist and playwright (died 2007)[52]

Deaths[]

Awards[]

  • Newdigate Prize: Robert William Sterling, "The Burial of Sophocles"[77]
  • Nobel Prize for Literature: not awarded
  • Prix Goncourt: Adrien Bertrand, L'Appel du Sol[78]

References[]

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  2. ^ James Joyce; Hans Walter Gabler (1993). A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Taylor & Francis. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-8153-1278-9.
  3. ^ "General John Regan: The Westport Riots – Claim For £1,000 Compensation". The Irish Times. 1914-04-11.
  4. ^ Thomas Hardy website Archived 2013-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 3 March 2013]
  5. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  6. ^ "Vorticism". Msn Encarta. Archived from the original on 2007-05-22. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
  7. ^ Harvey, Anne (1999). Adlestrop Revisited: an anthology inspired by Edward Thomas's poem. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. pp. 8–11. ISBN 0-7509-2289-3.
  8. ^ The Contemporary Review. A. Strahan. 1923. p. 757.
  9. ^ Andrej Mitrović (2007). Serbia's Great War, 1914-1918. Purdue University Press. pp. 44–49. ISBN 978-1-55753-476-7.
  10. ^ Johnson, Lorraine; Alderson, Brian (2014). The Ladybird Story: children's books for everyone. London: British Library. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-7123-5728-9.
  11. ^ Jonathan Atkin (2002). A War of Individuals: Bloomsbury Attitudes to the Great War. Manchester University Press. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-7190-6071-7.
  12. ^ Kramer, Alan (2008). Dynamic of Destruction: culture and mass killing in the First World War. London: Penguin. ISBN 9781846140136.; Gibson, Craig (2008-01-30). "The culture of destruction in the First World War". The Times Literary Supplement. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  13. ^ Carpenter, Humphrey (2000). J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography. New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 79. ISBN 978-0618057023.
  14. ^ Duriez, Colin (2012). J. R. R. Tolkien: The Making of a Legend. Oxford: Lion. pp. 77–9. ISBN 978-0-7459-5514-8.
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  28. ^ Amaresh Datta (1988). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Devraj to Jyoti. Sahitya Akademi. p. 1072. ISBN 978-81-260-1194-0.
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  31. ^ Geoffrey Handley-Taylor (1973). Berkshire, Hampshire and Wiltshire Authors Today. Eddison Press Limited. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-85649-013-2.
  32. ^ Louis Untermeyer (1950). The New Modern American & British Poetry. Harcourt, Brace. p. 414.
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  77. ^ Robert William Sterling (1914). The Burial of Sophocles: The Newdigate Prize Poem 1914. B.H. Blackwell.
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See also[]

  • World War I in literature
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