1934 in literature

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List of years in literature (table)
In poetry
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1934.

Events[]

  • January 7 – The first Flash Gordon comic strip is created and illustrated by Alex Raymond and published in the United States.[1]
  • January 25 – James Joyce's novel Ulysses, after a December acquittal (upheld on appeal in February) in United States v. One Book Called Ulysses, is first published in an authorized edition in the Anglophone world by Random House of New York City. It has 12,000 advance sales.[2]
  • January – B. Traven's novel The Death Ship (1926) first appears in English.
  • February – Stefan Zweig flees Austria and settles in London.
  • February 6 – The February 6 riots in France, partly provoked by a performance of Shakespeare's Coriolanus by the Comédie-Française, will become the focus of a cult in the works of far-right authors, notably Death on Credit by Louis-Ferdinand Céline (1936) and Gilles by Pierre Drieu La Rochelle (1939). Also in 1934, Drieu announces his conversion to fascism, with the essay Socialisme fasciste.[3]
  • March 16 and October 5 – P. G. Wodehouse's Thank You, Jeeves and Right Ho, Jeeves, the first full-length novels to feature Jeeves, are published.
  • April – F. Scott Fitzgerald's fourth and final completed novel, Tender Is the Night, appears in book form in New York, after serialization since January in the monthly Scribner's Magazine.
  • April 3 – The English literary biographer Thomas Wright (of Olney) first publishes, in the Daily Express, some facts about Charles Dickens' relations with the actress Ellen Ternan.[4]
  • April 6 – Rudyard Kipling and W. B. Yeats are awarded the Gothenburg Prize for Poetry.
  • May 1 – The first officially designated Thingplatz for the performance of Thingspiele is dedicated in the Brandberge in Halle (Nazi Germany).[5]
  • June
    • A medieval manuscript of Le Morte d'Arthur used by Caxton is identified in the Fellows' Library of Winchester College (England) by the bibliophile Walter Fraser Oakeshott.[6]
    • The English poet Laurie Lee walks out one midsummer morning from his Gloucestershire home, bound for Spain.
    • Two notable gentleman detectives of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, set in England, appear for the first time in print, later to have whole series written about them. The first to feature Inspector Roderick Alleyn of Scotland Yard is A Man Lay Dead by Ngaio Marsh, at this time resident in her native New Zealand, published in London. The first Sir Henry Merrivale locked room mystery, The Plague Court Murders, appears from John Dickson Carr, at this time resident in the UK and writing as "Carter Dickson", in New York around early June. It is followed in December by The White Priory Murders.[7]
  • July 17 – The circular Manchester Central Library, England, opens.
  • August – Boris Pasternak and Korney Chukovsky are among those at the first Congress of the Union of Soviet Writers.[8]
  • September – Henry Miller's novel Tropic of Cancer is published in Paris by the Obelisk Press. The United States Customs Service prohibits imports of it.[9]
  • October 22 – A new Cambridge University Library, designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, opens in England.
  • October 24 – The first of Rex Stout's Nero Wolfe detective novels, Fer-de-Lance, is published in New York, and abridged in the November The American Magazine as "Point of Death."
  • November 20 – Lillian Hellman's first successful play, The Children's Hour, dealing with a theme of accusations of lesbianism, opens at the Maxine Elliott Theatre on Broadway in New York, where it will run for two years.
  • December 25 – The Romanian novelist Panait Istrati, a former communist, begins his collaboration with the quasi-fascist Cruciada Românismului with a polemic against antisemitism.[10] The weekly newspaper, edited by Mihai Stelescu and , later hosts pieces by Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu.[11]

Unknown date

  • The first three volumes of Mikhail Sholokhov's novel And Quiet Flows the Don first appear in English under this title.

New books[]

Fiction[]

Children and young people[]

Drama[]

Poetry[]

Main article: 1934 in poetry

Non-fiction[]

  • Ruth Benedict – Patterns of Culture
  • Maud Bodkin – Archetypal Patterns of Poetry: Psychological Studies of Imagination
  • Marjorie Bowen – The Scandal of Sophie Dawes
  • Martí de Riquer i Morera
    • L'humanisme català (1388–1494)
    • Humanisme i decadència en les lletres catalanes
  • Pierre Drieu La Rochelle – Socialisme fasciste (Fascist Socialism)
  • Daphne du Maurier – Gerald: A Portrait
  • Julius Evola – Il Mistero del Graal e la Tradizione Ghibellina dell'Impero (The Mystery of the Grail)
  • Emma Goldman – Living My Life
  • Aldous Huxley – Beyond the Mexique Bay
  • Nicolae Iorga
    • Byzance après Byzance
    • Histoire de la vie byzantine
    • Orizonturile mele. O viață de om așa cum a fost
  • Hugh Kingsmill – The Sentimental Journey: A Life of Charles Dickens[4]
  • Cornelia Meigs – Invincible Louisa: The Story of the Author of Little Women
  • A. A. Milne – Peace with Honour
  • Paul Otlet – Traité de Documentation
  • Karl Popper – The Logic of Scientific Discovery
  • J. B. Priestley – English Journey[15]
  • Amber Reeves – The Nationalisation of Banking
  • Antal Szerb – A magyar irodalom története (History of Hungarian literature)
  • H. G. Wells – An Experiment in Autobiography

Births[]

  • January 4 – Hellmuth Karasek, German journalist, literary critic, and novelist (died 2015)[16]
  • January 8 – Alexandra Ripley, American novelist (died 2004)
  • January 12 – Alan Sharp, Scottish-American screenwriter and author (died 2013)[17]
  • February 10
    • Fleur Adcock, New Zealand-born poet
    • Gordon Lish, American writer, editor and teacher
  • February 18 – Audre Lorde, American poet, writer and feminist (died 1992)
  • February 27 – N. Scott Momaday, Native American novelist
  • March 28 – Jean Louvet, Belgian dramatist (died 2015)
  • April 24 – Jayakanthan, Tamil writer, Jnanpith awardee (died 2015)
  • May 10 – Richard Peck, American novelist (died 2015)
  • May 12 – Elechi Amadi, Nigerian novelist (died 2016)
  • May 27 – Harlan Ellison, American science fiction writer (died 2018)
  • June 11 – Lady Annabel Goldsmith, English memoirist and socialite
  • July 11 – Helen Cresswell, English children's writer and scriptwriter (died 2005)[18]
  • July 13 – Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer, playwright and Nobel laureate
  • July 20 – Uwe Johnson, German writer (died 1984)
  • July 21 – Jonathan Miller, English satirist and non-fiction author (died 2019)
  • August 5 – Wendell Berry, American poet, novelist and activist (died 2019)
  • August 6
    • Piers Anthony, English-born science fiction and fantasy writer
    • Diane di Prima, American poet of the Beat Generation and artist (died 2020)
  • August 16 – Diana Wynne Jones, English children's fantasy novelist (died 2011)[19]
  • September 11 – Leon Rooke, Canadian novelist
  • September 17 – Binoy Majumdar, Indian Hungryalist poet (died 2006)
  • September 21 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian-born poet, singer-songwriter and novelist (died 2016)
  • September 23 – Per Olov Enquist, Swedish novelist (died 2020)
  • October 1 – Shakeb Jalali, Pakistani poet in Urdu (suicide 1966)
  • October 17 – Alan Garner, English children's novelist[20]
  • October 24 – Adrian Mitchell, English poet, playwright and children's author (died 2008)
  • November 9 – Ronald Harwood (Ronald Horwitz), South African-born English dramatist and screenwriter (died 2020)
  • November 12 – John McGahern, Irish novelist (died 2006)
  • November 15 – Irén Pavlics, Slovene author in Hungary
  • November 19 – Joanne Kyger, American poet (died 2017)
  • November 21 – Beryl Bainbridge, English novelist (died 2010)[21]
  • December 5 – Joan Didion, American writer (died 2021)
  • December 28 – Alasdair Gray, Scottish novelist and artist (died 2019)[22]
  • unknown dates
    • Muhammad al-Maghut, Syrian Ismaili poet (died 2006)
    • Yaakov Shabtai, Israeli novelist, playwright and translator (died 1981)[23]

Deaths[]

  • January 1 – Jakob Wassermann, German-Jewish novelist (born 1873)
  • January 6 – Dorothy Edwards, Welsh novelist (suicide, born 1903)
  • January 8 – Andrei Bely (Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev), Russian novelist, poet and critic (born 1880)
  • January 11 – Helen Zimmern, German-born English writer and translator (born 1846)
  • January 15 – Hermann Bahr, Austrian dramatist and critic (born 1863)
  • February 8 – Ferenc Móra, Hungarian novelist and journalist (born 1879)
  • March 10 – Thomas Anstey Guthrie (F. Anstey), English comic novelist and journalist (born 1856)
  • April 9 – Safvet-beg Bašagić, Bosnian poet (born 1870)
  • April 12 – Robert Clyde Packer, Australian journalist and newspaper magnate (heart failure, born 1879)
  • May 1 – Paul Zarifopol, Romanian critic (born 1874)
  • June 14 – John Gray, English poet (born 1866)
  • June 21 – Thorne Smith, American humorist and fantasy author (heart attack, born 1892)
  • June 26 – Naito Torajiro (内藤 虎次郎), Japanese historian (born 1866)
  • June 30 – Night of the Long Knives
    • Fritz Gerlich, German journalist (murdered, born 1883)
    • Karl-Günther Heimsoth, Austrian doctor and gay publicist (shot, born 1899)
    • Willi Schmid, German music critic (murdered, born 1893)[24]
  • July 4 – Hayim Nahman Bialik, Hebrew-language poet (born 1873)
  • July 21 – Julian Hawthorne, American journalist and novelist (born 1846)
  • July 23 – Karl Joel, German philosopher (born 1864)
  • July 29 – Frane Bulić, Croatian historian (born 1846)
  • August 13 – Mary Hunter Austin, American travel writer (born 1868)
  • September 9 – Roger Fry, English art critic (born 1866)
  • September 21 – Gheorghe Bogdan-Duică, Romanian literary critic (born 1866)
  • November 23 – Arthur Wing Pinero, English dramatist (born 1855)
  • December 15 – Gustave Lanson, French historian and literary critic (born 1857)
  • December 26 – Wallace Thurman, African American novelist (TB, born 1902)

Awards[]

References[]

  1. ^ George Elrick (1978). Science Fiction Handbook for Readers and Writers. Chicago Review Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-914090-52-6.
  2. ^ Birmingham, Kevin (2014). The Most Dangerous Book: The Battle for James Joyce's Ulysses. London: Head of Zeus. ISBN 9781784080723.
  3. ^ Kaplan, Alice Y. (1986). Reproductions of Banality. Fascism, Literature, and French Intellectual Life. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 68, 102, 105–106, 117. ISBN 0-8166-1495-4.
  4. ^ a b Schlicke, Paul, ed. (2011). The Oxford Companion to Charles Dickens (Anniversary ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-964018-8.
  5. ^ Stommer, Rainer (1985). Die inszenierte Volksgemeinschaft: die "Thing-Bewegung" im Dritten Reich. Marburg: Jonas. ISBN 9783922561316.
  6. ^ Oakeshott, Walter F. (1963). "The Finding of the Manuscript". In Bennett, J. A. W. (ed.). Essays on Malory. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 1–6.
  7. ^ Mike Corbishley (17 April 2014). Pinning Down the Past: Archaeology, Heritage, and Education Today. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 204. ISBN 978-1-84383-904-0.
  8. ^ Nicolas Pasternak Slater (1 September 2013). Boris Pasternak: Family Correspondence, 1921-1960. Hoover Institution Press. p. 589. ISBN 978-0-8179-1026-6.
  9. ^ "Books: Greatest Living Patagonian". Time. 1961-06-09. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  10. ^ Ornea, Z. (1999). "Cum a devenit Istrati scriitor". România Literară (in Romanian) (22). Archived from the original on 2018-06-21. Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  11. ^ Durnea, Victor (2015). "Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu – o ucenicie îndelungată". Cultura (in Romanian) (506).
  12. ^ "Samuel Beckett, the maestro of failure". the Guardian. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  13. ^ Roosendaal, Jan C.; Vuijsje, Bert; Rippen, Chris (2000). Moorden met Woorden: Honderd jaar Nederlandstalige misdaadliteratuur (in Dutch). The Hague: Biblion. p. 22. ISBN 978-9-05483-229-4.
  14. ^ Flood, Alison (2020-11-10). "Literary puzzle solved for just third time in almost 100 years". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  15. ^ Marr, Andrew (2008). A History of Modern Britain. Macmillan. p. xxii. ISBN 978-0-330-43983-1.
  16. ^ "Hellmuth Karasek ist tot: Literaturkritiker und Schriftsteller gestorben - DER SPIEGEL - Kultur". Der Spiegel (in German). Hamburg. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  17. ^ Bergan, Ronald (14 February 2013). "Alan Sharp obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
  18. ^ "Obituary: Helen Cresswell". the Guardian. 29 September 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  19. ^ "Diana Wynne Jones | British writer | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  20. ^ Mazierska, Ewa (5 May 2017). Heading North: The North of England in Film and Television. Springer. p. 97. ISBN 978-3-319-52500-6.
  21. ^ "Dame Beryl Bainbridge, novelist, died on July 2nd, aged 77". The Economist. 15 July 2010. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  22. ^ Campbell, James (29 December 2019). "Alasdair Gray obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  23. ^ The Pennsylvania Writers Collection. Pennsylvania Council on the Arts. 1986. p. 54.
  24. ^ Hughes, Matthew; Mann, Chris (2002). Inside Hitler's Germany: Life Under the Third Reich. Brassey's. p. 98. ISBN 1-57488-503-0.
  25. ^ Graham, Bessie (1941). The Bookman's Manual: A Guide to Literature. R.R. Bowker Company. p. 466.


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