2021 in arthropod paleontology

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2021 in arthropod palentology is a list of new arthropod fossil taxa, including arachnids, crustaceans, insects, trilobites, and other arthropods that were announced or described, as well as other significant arthropod paleontological discoveries and events which occurred in 2021.

Arachnids[]

New taxa[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Location	Notes
^[1]	Sp. nov	In press	Schwarze et al.	Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe (Baltic Sea region)	A pseudoscorpion belonging to the family Pseudotyrannochthoniidae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	Possibly a member of the family Dipluridae. The type species is A. spicula.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of the family Tetrablemmidae. The type species is A. plenfemur.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family .
^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Khaustov et al.	Late Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A mite belonging to the group Raphignathoidea and the family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae. The type species is B. crassifemora.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the family .
Burmadictyna fissura^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the family Salticoididae.
Burmadictyna similis^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the family Salticoididae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Araneoidea and the family . The type species is B. trispinae.
^[2]	Nom. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Nemesiidae; a replacement name for Burmesia Wunderlich (2020).
^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Oonopidae.
Burmorchestina convexa^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Oonopidae.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family .
^[1]	Sp. nov	In press	Schwarze et al.	Eocene	Bitterfeld amber	Germany	A pseudoscorpion belonging to the family Pseudotyrannochthoniidae.
^[5]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lourenço in Lourenço & Velten	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scorpion belonging to family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Theridiidae. The type species is C. concavum.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family . The type species is C. parvibulbus.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Araneoidea and the family Zarqaraneidae.
^[6]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lourenço in Lourenço & Velten	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scorpion belonging to the family . The type species is C. smeelei.
^[7]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Downen & Selden	Early Cretaceous	Crato Formation	Brazil	A spider belonging to the family Palpimanidae. Genus includes new species C. vittari.
^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Khaustov et al.	Late Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A mite belonging to the group Heterostigmata and the family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family . The type species is D. spinifemora.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family . The type species is D. incompletus.
^[2]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family Dubiouloboridae. The type species is D. praeta; genus also includes D. procerembolus.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of the family Tetrablemmidae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a member of an early branch of the RTA clade. The type species is E. cretaceus.
^[9]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Late Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Pacullidae.
Furcembolus fengzheni^[9]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Late Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Pacullidae.
Furcembolus martensi^[9]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Late Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Pacullidae.
^[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Guo, Selden & Ren	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Lagonomegopidae. Genus includes new species H. spinalis.
^[8]^[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Khaustov et al.	Late Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A mite belonging to the group Heterostigmata and the family .
^[11]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Szabó et al.	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)	Ajka Coal Formation	Hungary	A spider belonging to the family Hersiliidae. Genus includes new species H. verdesi.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family Pholcochyroceridae. The type species is K. oblonga.
^[12]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klimov et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Lebanese amber	Lebanon	A mite belonging to the group Astigmata. The type species is L. sidorchukae.
^[13]	Sp. nov	In press	Arillo & Subías in Arillo, Subías & Álvarez-Parra	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Escucha Formation	Spain	A mite belonging to the family Liacaridae.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Junior homonym	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family Pholcochyroceridae. The specific name is preoccupied Longissipalpus cochlea Wunderlich (2017).
Longissipalpus impudicus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family Pholcochyroceridae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the new family . The type species is M. colphepeiroides.
^[14]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mitov, Perkovsky & Dunlop	Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A harvestman, a species of Metaphalangium.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Palpimanoidea and the family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Theridiidae. The type species is M. longissispinae.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
^[15]	Nom. nov		Ceccolini & Cianferoni	Miocene	Mexican amber	Dominican Republic Mexico	A spider belonging to the family Trochanteriidae; a replacement name for Veterator Petrunkevitch (1963).
^[4]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang & Li in Xin et al.	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Oonopidae, a species of Orchestina.
^[16]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Rivas & Vega	Miocene	Mexican amber	Mexico	A mite belonging to the family Johnstonianidae. The type species is P. microscutum.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Leptonetidae.
Palaeothele onoi^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Selden	Carboniferous (Moscovian)	Mazon Creek fossil beds	United States ( Illinois)	A spider belonging to the group Mesothelae and to the new family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Mecysmaucheniidae. The type species is P. depressa.
^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Khaustov et al.	Late Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A mite belonging to the group Heterostigmata and the family Acarophenacidae.
^[14]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Mitov, Perkovsky & Dunlop	Eocene	Baltic amber Bitterfeld amber Rovno amber	Germany Ukraine	A harvestman belonging to the family Nemastomatidae; a new genus for "Nemastoma" tuberculatum Koch & Berendt (1854).
Paramiagrammopes appendix^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes curvatus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes furca^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes granulatus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes inaequalis^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes inclinatus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes multifemurspinae^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes paracurvatus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes pilosus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes pollex^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes semiapertus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes simplex^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes sulcus^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes texter^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
Paramiagrammopes unibrevispina^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Palpimanoidea and the family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Palpimanoidea and the family Planarchaeidae. The type species is P. longicorpus.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Palpimanoidea and the family . The type species is P. circulus.
^[18]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wriedt et al.	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A pseudoscorpion belonging to the family Chthoniidae. Genus includes new species P. burmiticus.
Priscaleclercera christae^[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Magalhaes et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Psilodercidae.
^[8]	Sp. nov	Valid	Khaustov et al.	Late Eocene	Rovno amber	Ukraine	A mite belonging to the group Heterostigmata and the family Acarophenacidae.
^[20]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	In press	Geißler et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A pseudoscorpion belonging to the family Ideoroncidae. Genus includes new species P. gracilis and P. compactus.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Leptonetoidea and the family .
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of the family Tetrablemmidae. The type species is P. deformans.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Palpimanoidea and the family Vetiatoridae. The type species is P. fruticosus.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Araneomorphae belonging to the family .
^[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Selden	Carboniferous (Kasimovian)	Atrasado Formation	United States ( New Mexico)	A spider belonging to the group Mesothelae and the family Arthrolycosidae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae. The type species is P. tuberculatus.
^[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Guo, Selden & Ren	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Lagonomegopidae. Genus includes new species S. fax.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family . The type species is S. admirabilis.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family Scutuloboridae. The type species is S. pumilio.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Deinopoidea and the new family Scutuloboridae. The type species is S. spiralembolus.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Archaeidae. The type species is S. aberrans.
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the group Araneoidea and the family Zarqaraneidae.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Uloboridae. The type species is S. crux.
^[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lourenço	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A scorpion belonging to the group Buthoidea and the family .
^[2]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A spider belonging to the family Telemidae, possibly a species of Telemofila.
^[2]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wunderlich in Wunderlich & Müller	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of the family Tetrablemmidae. The type species is T. penicillus.

Research[]

Revision of the fossil record of whip spiders is published by Haug & Haug (2021).^[22]
Guo, Selden & Ren (2021) describe an adult lagonomegopid female, part of an egg sac and lagonomegopid spiderlings preserved in four pieces of Burmese amber, and interpret this finding as evidence of maternal care in fossil spiders.^[23]
An exuvium of a member of the genus is described from the Eocene Cambay amber (India) by Wood, Singh & Grimaldi (2021), representing the first member of the family Archaeidae from Cambay amber reported to date.^[24]
An indeterminate deutonymph belonging to the family Sejidae is described by Joharchi, Vorontsov and Walter (2021) from Burmese amber, which represents the oldest record of the parasitiform mite clade Mesostigmata.^[25]

Crustaceans[]

New taxa[]

Malacostracans[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Country	Notes
^[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schweitzer, Hyžný & Feldmann			Venezuela	A crab belonging to the family Parthenopidae.
^[27]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Ferratges, Hyžný & Zamora	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Forcall Formation	Spain	A member of Axiidea belonging to the family . Genus includes new species A. enigma.
^[27]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Ferratges, Hyžný & Zamora	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Forcall Formation	Spain	A member of Axiidea. Genus includes new species A. longimanus.
^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez-García et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Spanish amber	Spain	A member of Isopoda belonging to the family Trichoniscidae. The type species is A. resinicola.
^[29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van Bakel et al.	Middle Jurassic (Bajocian)		France	A crab belonging to the superfamily Homolodromioidea and the family . The type species is B. piardi.
^[30]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Winkler	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Altmühltal Formation	Germany	A member of Caridea, possibly belonging to the family Palaemonidae. The type species is B. haereri.
^[31]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Nyborg et al.	Early to middle Miocene	Astoria Formation	United States ( Washington)	A crab belonging to the group Cyclodorippoida and the family Cyclodorippidae. The type species is B. bretoni.
^[32]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	De Angeli & Garassino	Eocene (Priabonian)		Italy	A crab belonging to the family Epialtidae. The type species is B. bretoni.
Blaculla anjobea^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Winkler	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Altmühltal Formation	Germany	A member of Caridea.
^[33]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wallaard et al.	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Mörnsheim Formation	Germany	A crab belonging to the group Homolodromioidea and the family .
Bucculentum horstkuscheli^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Krzemińska et al.	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		Germany	A crab belonging to the group Homolodromioidea and the family Bucculentidae.
Bucculentum plettenbergense^[34]	Sp. nov	Valid	Krzemińska et al.	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		Germany	A crab belonging to the group Homolodromioidea and the family Bucculentidae.
^[35]	Sp. nov	Valid	De Angeli & Alberti	Eocene (Bartonian-Priabonian)		Italy	A crab, a species of Carpilius.
^[36]	Sp. nov	In press	Bruce et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Sierra Madre Formation	Mexico	A member of Isopoda, a species of Cirolana.
^[36]	Sp. nov	In press	Bruce et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Sierra Madre Formation	Mexico	A member of Isopoda, a species of Cirolana.
^[36]	Sp. nov	In press	Bruce et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Sierra Madre Formation	Mexico	A member of Isopoda, a species of Cirolana.
^[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schweitzer, Hyžný & Feldmann			Venezuela	A crab belonging to the family Inachoididae.
^[27]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Ferratges, Hyžný & Zamora	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Forcall Formation	Spain	A hermit crab. Genus includes new species C. josaensis.
^[37]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Luque in Luque et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A crab belonging to the group Eubrachyura and to the new family . The type species is C. athanata.
^[27]	Sp. nov	In press	Ferratges, Hyžný & Zamora	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Forcall Formation	Spain	A member of Axiidea belonging to the family Callianideidae.
^[38]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schädel et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Isopoda belonging to the group Epicaridea. The type species is C. nidis.
^[39]	Sp. nov	Valid	Fraaije, Van Bakel & Jagt	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		Germany	A hermit crab belonging to the family .
^[40]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schädel, Hyžný & Haug	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of Isopoda belonging to the group Cymothoida. The type species is E. madelineae.
^[41]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	O'Flynn, Audo & Kawai	Paleocene (Thanetian)		France	A member of the family Astacidae; a new genus for "Astacus" edwardsi Van Straelen (1928).
^[42]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ferratges, Artal & Zamora	Eocene (Priabonian)		Spain	A hermit crab belonging to the family .
^[43]	Sp. nov	In press	Garassino, Feldmann & Schweitzer	Eocene (Bartonian)	Castle Hayne Limestone	United States ( North Carolina)	A crab belonging to the family Epialtidae.
^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez-García et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Spanish amber	Spain	A member of Isopoda belonging to the family Ligiidae. The type species is E. tarraconensis.
^[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	De Angeli & Garassino	Late Eocene		Italy	A crab, a species of Ethusa.
^[45]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Late Neogene		China	A member of Amphipoda.
^[46]	Sp. nov	Valid	Becker, Fraaije & Mulder	Early Cretaceous		Netherlands	A member of the family Glypheidae.
Harthofia heidenreichetfauseri^[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Winkler	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Altmühltal Formation	Germany	A member of Caridea.
^[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez-García et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Spanish amber	Spain	A member of Isopoda belonging to the group , possibly a member of the family Detonidae. The type species is H. helenae.
^[47]	Sp. nov	Valid	Garassino, Pasini & Nyborg in Garassino et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Canada ( British Columbia)	A species of Homarus.
Hoploparia bretoni^[48]	Sp. nov	In press	Feldmann & Schweitzer	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Point Loma Formation	United States ( California)	A lobster.
^[49]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Winkler et al.	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Painten Formation	Germany	A member of Stenopodidea. The type species is J. frattigianii.
^[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	Feldmann et al.	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Kaskapau Formation	Canada ( British Columbia)	A species of Linuparus.
Mecochirus tuberculatus^[47]	Sp. nov	Valid	Garassino, Pasini & Nyborg in Garassino et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Canada ( British Columbia)	A member of the family Mecochiridae.
^[51]	Sp. nov	In press	Gašparič et al.	Early Miocene		Slovenia	A species of Metanephrops.
^[27]	Sp. nov	In press	Ferratges, Hyžný & Zamora	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Forcall Formation	Spain	A member of Axiidea.
^[52]	Sp. nov	Valid	Charbonnier et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)		Lebanon	A member of the family Mecochiridae.
^[53]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Garassino, Pasini & Nazarkin	Miocene		Russia ( Sakhalin Oblast)	A member of the family Crangonidae. Genus includes new species M. tartaricus.
^[54]	Sp. nov	In press	Stinnesbeck et al.	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		Mexico	A member of Isopoda belonging to the family Cymothoidae.
^[55]	Sp. nov	Valid	Poschmann	Devonian (Emsian)		Germany	A member of Phyllocarida.
^[32]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	De Angeli & Garassino	Eocene (Priabonian)		Italy	A crab belonging to the family Dairidae. The type species is O. bericus.
^[47]	Sp. nov	Valid	Garassino, Pasini & Nyborg in Garassino et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)		Canada ( British Columbia)	A member of the family Erymidae.
^[56]	Sp. nov	Valid	Lima, Aguilera & Tavares	Late Miocene		Venezuela	A spider crab belonging to the family Inachoididae.
^[42]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ferratges, Artal & Zamora	Eocene (Ypresian)		Spain	A hermit crab belonging to the family Diogenidae. The type species is P. robustus.
^[57]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ferratges, Domínguez & Ossó	Eocene (Ypresian)	Roda Formation	Spain	A crab belonging to the family Homolidae.
^[58]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Beschin et al.	Late Eocene		Italy	A hermit crab. Genus includes new species P. scaligera.
^[59]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van der Wal et al.	Late Eocene		Czech Republic	An isopod belonging to the family Cymothoidae. The type species is P. dvorakorum.
^[60]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Schweigert	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		Germany	A crab belonging to the group Homolodromioidea and the family Prosopidae. The type species is P. thauckei.
^[36]	Sp. nov	In press	Bruce et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Sierra Madre Formation	Mexico	A member of Isopoda belonging to the family Cirolanidae.
^[61]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pazinato et al.	Permian (Kungurian)	Irati Formation	Brazil	A member of Isopoda. The type species is P. odysseus.
^[62]	Sp. nov	In press	Andrada et al.	Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian)	Agrio Formation	Argentina	A member of the family Axiidae.
^[63]	Sp. nov	In press	Nyborg et al.	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)		United States ( Montana)	A crab belonging to the group Raninoida and the family .
^[64]	Sp. nov	Valid	Devillez & Charbonnier	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)		United Kingdom	A member of Erymoidea.
^[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Haug & Haug	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Altmühltal Group (Eichstätt Subformation)	Germany	A mantis shrimp. The type species is T. laurae.
^[56]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lima, Aguilera & Tavares	Early-middle Miocene		Brazil	A spider crab belonging to the family Inachoididae. Genus includes new species W. santanai.
^[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schweitzer, Hyžný & Feldmann			Venezuela	A species of Xanthodius.
^[66]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xing et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A member of the family Penaeidae. Genus includes new species X. electrinus.

Ostracods[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Country	Notes
^[67]	Sp. nov	In press	Vázquez García et al.	Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)		Brazil
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Palaeocopida belonging to the family .
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of the family Bairdiidae.
^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Melnikova et al.	Silurian	Syadai Formation	Russia
^[71]	Nom. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[72]	Sp. nov	In press	Wang et al.	Middle Eocene to Oligocene		China	A species of Candona.
^[73]	Sp. nov	In press	Kshetrimayum et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		India	A species of Candona.
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)		Australia
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Capitanian)	Bell Canyon Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of the family Bairdiidae.
Ceratobairdia pratti^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of the family Bairdiidae.
Ceratobairdia sexagintaduella^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of the family Bairdiidae.
^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto, Temani & Ammar	Miocene (Messinian)		Tunisia
^[76]	Sp. nov	In press	Choi et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Jinju Formation	South Korea
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[77]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wannenmacher et al.	Middle Jurassic (Aalenian)		Germany	A member of the family Cytheruridae.
^[67]	Sp. nov	In press	Vázquez García et al.	Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)	Riachuelo Formation	Brazil
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Capitanian)	Bell Canyon Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Podocopida belonging to the family .
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[77]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wannenmacher et al.	Middle Jurassic (Aalenian)	Achdorf Formation	Germany	A member of the family Cytheruridae.
^[78]	Sp. nov	In press	Maia et al.	Late Pleistocene		Brazil
^[77]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wannenmacher et al.	Middle Jurassic (Aalenian)		Germany	A member of the family Cytheruridae.
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Melnikova et al.	Silurian	Syadai Formation	Russia
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Palaeocopida belonging to the family .
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)		Australia
^[73]	Sp. nov	In press	Kshetrimayum et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		India
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Podocopa belonging to the family .
Healdia mckittrickensis^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian to Capitanian)	Bell Canyon Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Podocopa belonging to the family Healdiidae.
Healdia veeversi^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[79]	Sp. nov	In press	Forel in Forel, Poulet-Crovisier & Korat	Late Permian and Early Triassic	Daye Formation Feixianguan Formation Kayitou Formation Longtan Formation Xuanwei Formation	China	A member of Palaeocopida.
Hollinella williamsranchensis^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian to Capitanian)	Bell Canyon Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Palaeocopida belonging to the family .
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[80]	Sp. nov	In press	Song et al.	Late Devonian		China
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto, Temani & Ammar	Miocene (Messinian)		Tunisia
^[67]	Sp. nov	In press	Vázquez García et al.	Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)	Riachuelo Formation	Brazil
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[75]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto, Temani & Ammar	Miocene (Messinian)		Tunisia
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[67]	Sp. nov	In press	Vázquez García et al.	Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)	Riachuelo Formation	Brazil
^[68]	Sp. nov	Valid	Crasquin in Tarnac et al.	Permian (Roadian to Capitanian)	Cutoff Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Podocopa belonging to the family .
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[81]	Sp. nov	Valid	Glinskikh & Tesakova	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)		Russia
^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Forel & Grădinaru	Triassic		Romania	A member of the family Polycopidae.
^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Forel & Grădinaru	Triassic		Romania	A member of the family Polycopidae.
^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Forel & Grădinaru	Triassic		Romania	A member of the family Polycopidae.
^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Forel & Grădinaru	Triassic		Romania	A member of the family Polycopidae.
^[82]	Sp. nov	Valid	Forel in Forel & Grădinaru	Triassic		Romania	A member of the family Polycopidae.
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[83]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto in Sciuto & Benkhedda	Miocene (Tortonian)		Algeria	A member of the family Trachyleberididae. The type species is P. benkheddai.
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[83]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto in Sciuto & Benkhedda	Miocene (Tortonian)		Algeria	A member of the family Trachyleberididae. The type species is Q. tevestaensis.
^[67]	Sp. nov	In press	Vázquez García et al.	Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian)	Riachuelo Formation	Brazil
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Bonaparte Basin	Australia
^[71]	Sp. nov	Valid	Slipper	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		United Kingdom
^[70]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Melnikova et al.	Silurian	Syadai Formation	Russia	The type species is S. tumidosa.
^[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sciuto & Reitano	Early Pliocene		Italy
^[74]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jones, Kelman & Laurie	Carboniferous (Mississippian)		Australia

Other crustaceans[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Country	Notes
^[84]	Sp. nov	In press	Li, Teng & Wimbledon	Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous	Purbeck Group	United Kingdom	A clam shrimp.
^[85]	Sp. nov	In press	Collareta & Newman in Collareta et al.	Miocene	Chake-Chake beds	Tanzania	A barnacle, a species of Chelonibia.
^[86]	Sp. nov	In press	Gale	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)		France	A barnacle.
^[86]	Sp. nov	In press	Gale	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Kimmeridge Clay	United Kingdom	A barnacle.
^[87]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liao & Shen	Early Devonian		China	A clam shrimp.
^[88]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gale	Plio-Pleistocene		Italy	A barnacle.
^[89]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Tang, Mychko, Feldmann & Schweitzer in Tang et al.	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Malaysia	A member of Cyclida. Genus includes new species M. terengganuensis.
^[87]	Sp. nov	Valid	Liao & Shen	Early Devonian		China	A clam shrimp.
Pectocaris inopinata^[90]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jin et al.	Cambrian		China	A canadaspidid crustacean
^[88]	Sp. nov	Valid	Gale	Plio-Pleistocene		Italy	A barnacle.

Research[]

A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the species "Penaeus" natator from the Santonian of Lebanon is published by Audo, Winkler & Charbonnier (2021), who interpret this species as a relative of kenngotti from the Late Jurassic of Germany, and transfer it to the genus Pseudodrobna^[91]
A study on the anatomy and morphological variation in Beurlenia araripensis, based on data from fossil samples from the Crato Formation (Brazil), is published by Barros et al. (2021).^[92]
A study on the anatomy of the eyes of Callichimaera perplexa, and on their growth during the ontogeny of this crab, is published by Jenkins, Briggs & Luque (2021).^[93]
A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of is published by Robin et al. (2021), who interpret this arthropod as the oldest known member of the crown group of Peracarida.^[94]
Fossil evidence of early colonization of estuarine settings by ostracods is reported from the Silurian Si Ka Formation (Vietnam) by McGairy et al. (2021)^[95]
A study on evolutionary trends in sexual dimorphism of ostracods from the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plain from the Late Cretaceous to the late Eocene is published by Matzke-Karasz & Smith (2021).^[96]

Insects[]

Radiodonts[]

New taxa[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Country	Notes	Images
^[97]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pates et al.	Cambrian (Drumian)	Marjum Formation	United States ( Utah)	A hurdiid radiodont. The type species is B. cooperi.
Houcaris^[98]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Wu et al.	Cambrian Series 2	Carrara Formation Maotianshan Shales Pioche Formation	China United States	A tamisiocaridid radiodont. Type species "Anomalocaris" saron (1995); Also includes "Anomalocaris" magnabasis (2019).	Houcaris saron
^[99]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	In press	Wu et al.	Cambrian		China United States	An anomalocaridid radiodont. Type species L. lupata, L. pennsylvanica moved from "Anomalocaris" pennsylvanica (1929).
Paranomalocaris simplex^[100]	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiao et al.	Cambrian Stage 4	Wulongqing Formation	China	An anomalocaridid radiodont.
Titanokorys^[101]^[102]^[103]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Caron & Moysiuk	Cambrian (Wuliuan)	Burgess Shale	Canada ( British Columbia)	A hurdiid radiodont. The type species is T. gainesi.^[102]

Research[]

A study on the morphologies of frontal appendages and probable modes of feeding of radiodonts from the Burgess Shale is published by De Vivo, Lautenschlager & Vinther (2021).^[104]

Trilobites[]

New taxa[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Location	Notes
Acuticryphops prorotundus^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
^[105]	Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Late Devonian		France Morocco	A member of the family Phacopidae. The type species is A. medius; genus also includes new species A. tchrafinensis, as well as "Phacops" erfoudensis Richter & Richter (1943).
^[106]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Shiino	Permian (probably Wordian)	Hoso-o Formation	Japan
^[107]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian (late Aeronian to early Telychian)		Canada	A member of Lichida belonging to the family ; a new genus for "" shallopensis Twenhofel (1928).
Arctinurus aorter^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of Lichida belonging to the family Lichidae.
^[108]	Sp. nov	In press	Wernette et al.	Cambrian (Furongian)	Myet-Ye Formation	Myanmar
^[109]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Greifenstein Limestone	Germany
^[106]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Shiino	Permian (probably Wordian)	Hoso-o Formation	Japan
^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Chlupacops clapassousensis^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Chlupacops migrans^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)	Serre Formation	France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Chlupacops narbonnensis^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Chlupacops rectannulatus^[105]	Sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)	Serre Formation	France	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Chotecops morrisoni^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Günterod Limestone	Germany
^[105]	Gen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Late Devonian	Serre Formation	France Poland	A member of the family Phacopidae. The type species is C. gallica; genus also includes new species C. postera and C. expansa, as well as "Phacops" zofiae Chlupáč (1993).
^[111]	Sp. nov	Valid	Nielsen & Andersen	Cambrian (Furongian)	Alum Shale Formation	Denmark	A member of the family Olenidae.
Cydonocephalus tiffanyae^[112]	Sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Pérez-Peris	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Table Cove Formation	Canada ( Newfoundland and Labrador)	A member of .
^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of the family Odontopleuridae.
^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of Lichida belonging to the family Lichidae.
Dicranopeltis kallaion^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of Lichida belonging to the family Lichidae.
Ditomopyge benkei^[106]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Shiino	Permian (probably Wordian)	Hoso-o Formation	Japan
^[113]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen	Devonian (Emsian)		Spain
Dohmiella pooka^[113]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen	Devonian (Eifelian)		Belgium
^[114]	Sp. nov	In press	Geyer, Landing & Żylińska	Cambrian (Miaolingian)	Jbel Wawrmast Formation	Morocco	A member of the family Paradoxididae.
Eccaparadoxides? hestia^[114]	Sp. nov	In press	Geyer, Landing & Żylińska	Cambrian (Miaolingian)	Jbel Wawrmast Formation	Morocco	A member of the family Paradoxididae.
Eccaparadoxides zelus^[114]	Sp. nov	In press	Geyer, Landing & Żylińska	Cambrian (Miaolingian)	Delitzsch Formation	Germany	A member of the family Paradoxididae.
Ehmaniella tupeqarfik^[115]	Sp. nov	Valid	Peel	Cambrian (Wuliuan)		Greenland	A member of the family Alokistocaridae.
^[116]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Laurie	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		Australia
^[117]	Sp. nov	Valid	Peel	Cambrian (Guzhangian)	Blue Cliffs Formation	Greenland	A member of the family .
^[115]	Sp. nov	Valid	Peel	Cambrian (Wuliuan)	Telt Bugt Formation	Greenland	A member of the family .
Gerastos cornix^[113]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen	Devonian (Eifelian)		Belgium
^[116]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Laurie	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		Australia	Genus includes new species G. ritchiei.
^[105]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France Germany	A member of the family Phacopidae. The type species is G. konradbartzschi; genus also includes new species G. consimilis, and possibly also "Phacops" liopyga Richter (1863).
^[118]	Sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Karim	Ordovician (Tremadocian)		United States	Possibly a member of the family .
Gonioteloides pankowskii^[118]	Sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Karim	Ordovician (Tremadocian)		United States	Possibly a member of the family Dimeropygidae.
^[112]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Pérez-Peris	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Table Cove Formation	Canada ( Newfoundland and Labrador)	A member of . The type species is H. plurima.
Illaenus taoyuanensis^[119]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China
^[116]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Laurie	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		Australia	Genus includes new species I. schoonorum.
^[120]	Sp. nov	In press	Hughes et al.	Cambrian (Miaolingian)		Vietnam
Kawina stougei^[112]	Sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Pérez-Peris	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Table Cove Formation	Canada ( Newfoundland and Labrador)	A member of Acanthoparyphinae.
^[121]	Sp. nov	Valid	Alberti & Müller	Devonian (Emsian)	Rupbach Shales	Germany	A member of the family Odontopleuridae.
^[122]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Günterod Limestone	Germany
Koneprusites cervisiaemontis^[122]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Günterod Limestone	Germany
Leonaspis glaux^[123]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Flick	Devonian (Emsian)	Ballersbach Limestone	Germany	A member of the family Odontopleuridae.
^[116]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Laurie	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		Australia
^[112]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Pérez-Peris	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Table Cove Formation	Canada ( Newfoundland and Labrador)	A member of . The type species is M. becki.
^[124]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician		China
Miraspis capnica^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of the family Odontopleuridae.
^[110]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Greifenstein Limestone	Germany	A member of the family Phacopidae.
^[125]	Sp. nov	Valid	Müller, Hahn & Paul	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Germany	A member of the family .
Namuropyge brooksi^[125]	Sp. nov	Valid	Müller, Hahn & Paul	Carboniferous (Mississippian)	Cuyahoga Formation	United States ( Ohio)	A member of the family Brachymetopidae.
Namuropyge ulrichi^[125]	Sp. nov	Valid	Müller, Hahn & Paul	Carboniferous (Viséan)		Germany	A member of the family Brachymetopidae.
^[106]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Shiino	Permian (probably Wordian)	Hoso-o Formation	Japan
^[112]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adrain & Pérez-Peris	Ordovician (Darriwilian)	Table Cove Formation	Canada ( Newfoundland and Labrador)	Possibly a member of . The type species is N. karimae.
^[119]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China
^[116]	Sp. nov	Valid	Smith & Laurie	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		Australia
Nyterops fugax^[126]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen & Koppka	Devonian (Givetian)	Hanonet Formation	Belgium	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Nyterops gerolsteinensis^[126]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen & Koppka	Devonian (Eifelian?)		Germany	A member of the family Phacopidae.
^[105]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	In press	Feist & Klapper	Devonian (Frasnian)		France Australia?	A member of the family Phacopidae. The type species is O. hexagonalis; genus also includes new species O. postinflexa, and possibly also "" linguiformis Feist et al. (2009).
^[127]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of the family Scutelluidae.
Octobronteus? ormistoni^[127]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of the family Scutelluidae.
Octobronteus? petasus^[127]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of the family Scutelluidae.
Panderia striolatus^[119]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China
^[119]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China
Pedinopariops apsconditus^[126]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen & Koppka	Devonian (Eifelian)	Jemelle Formation	Belgium	A member of the family Phacopidae.
Planiscutellum apollo^[127]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian (Aeronian)		Canada	A member of the family Scutelluidae.
^[128]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Basse & Müller	Early Devonian		Germany	A member of the subfamily . Genus includes new species P. feisti.
^[129]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Alberti	Devonian (Emsian)	Rupbach Shale	Germany	A member of the family Odontopleuridae. The type species is R. paedomorpha.
^[119]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China	Genus includes new species S. mirabilis.
Solenoparia changi^[130]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sun, Bentley & Laurie	Cambrian (Guzhangian)	Warburton Basin	Australia
^[131]	Sp. nov	Valid	Van Viersen & Lerouge	Devonian (Emsian)		Morocco	A member of the family Proetidae.
^[107]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holloway	Silurian		United States	A member of Lichida belonging to the family Lichidae.
^[122]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick	Devonian	Ballersbach Limestone	Germany
^[128]	Sp. nov	Valid	Basse & Müller	Early Devonian		Germany	A member of the subfamily Proetinae.
^[106]	Sp. nov	Valid	Flick & Shiino	Permian (probably Wordian)	Hoso-o Formation	Japan
^[119]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wei et al.	Ordovician (Darriwilian)		China	Genus includes new species Y. punctata.

Research[]

A study on middle–late Cambrian trilobite diversity patterns in South China is published by Zhang et al. (2021).^[132]
Sun, Zeng & Zhao (2021) describe digestive structures of representatives of five trilobite genera from the Cambrian and (Liaoning, China).^[133]
Hou, Hughes & Hopkins (2021) report structural details of the upper limb branch of Triarthrus eatoni and Olenoides serratus, and interpret their findings as indicating that the upper limb branch of trilobites served a respiratory function.^[134]
A study on the morphology of Redlichia rex and Olenoides serratus, aiming to determine whether these trilobites were adapted for durophagy, is published by Bicknell et al. (2021).^[135]
A study exploring the existence and the nature of growth gradients along the main body axis of duyunensis is published by Dai et al (2021), who interpret O. duyunensis as the first trilobite with documented determinate growth.^[136]
Description of all meraspid stages of Oryctocarella duyunensis, based on data from specimens from the Cambrian Balang Formation (Hunan, South China), is published by Dai et al. (2021).^[137]
A study on the ontogenic moulting sequence of Arthricocephalites xinzhaiheensis, based on data from specimens from the Balang Formation, is published by Wang et al. (2021).^[138]
A study on post-embryonic axial growth in Estaingia bilobata is published by Holmes, Paterson & García-Bellido (2021).^[139]
A study on the functional performance of Placoparia cambriensis in water is published by Esteve et al. (2021), who interpret their findings as indicating that this trilobite was not able to swim, but it was capable of hopping locomotion, and it might represent a transitional form between benthic animals without swimming skills and animals able to swim near the benthos.^[140]
A study on the phylogenetic relationships within Harpetida, and on the impact of the Ordovician–Silurian extinction events on this group, is published by Beech & Lamsdell (2021).^[141]
The first known Silurian trilobite specimen preserved with soft parts reported to date (a specimen of Dalmanites preserved with appendages and alimentary system) is described from the Herefordshire Lagerstätte (United Kingdom) by Siveter et al. (2021).^[142]
A study on the long-term evolutionary history of Devonian trilobites in North Africa is published by Bault et al. (2021).^[143]
A study on the hydrodynamics of queuing behaviour in Trimerocephalus chopini is published by Song et al. (2021).^[144]
Evidence from trace and body fossils indicative of the presence of trilobites in brackish-water settings is presented by Mángano et al. (2021).^[145]
A study on the chemical changes in the exoskeleton of trilobites induced by diagenesis, based on data from pygidia of anax from the Miaolingian of San Isidro (Argentina), is published by D'Angelo et al. (2021), is published by D'Angelo et al. (2021), who argue that some morphological characteristics of the trilobite pygidia are in fact results of chemical and structural changes taking place during fossilization, and evaluate possible systematic implications of the chemical data, advising caution when using morphological characteristics of the exoskeletons to establish new taxa.^[146]
The study on the internal structures of eyes of trilobites belonging to the genera Asaphus and published by Scholtz, Staude & Dunlop (2019)^[147] is criticized by Schoenemann & Clarkson (2021).^[148]^[149]
A study on the biomechanics of the trilobite cephalon is published by Esteve et al. (2021), who interpret their findings as indicating that in the sutured trilobites the cephalon was able to withstand greater stresses than in their non‐sutured counterparts, and argue that the ability to withstand greater burrowing loads enabled trilobites to successfully invade bioturbated and more consolidated sediments during the Cambrian substrate revolution.^[150]
A study on the compound eyes of trilobites belonging to the group Phacopina is published by Schoenemann et al. (2021), who interpret their findings as indicating that these trilobites had hyper-compound eyes hiding an individual compound eye below each of the big lenses, resulting in each of the compound eyes comprising tens or hundreds of small compound eye systems.^[151]
A study on the systematics of Devonian trochurine trilobites is published by Van Viersen (2021).^[152]

Other arthropods[]

New taxa[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Location	Notes
Attenborolimulus^[153]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bicknell & Shcherbakov	Early Triassic (Olenekian)		Russia ( Orenburg Oblast)	A member of Xiphosura belonging to the family Austrolimulidae. The type species is A. superspinosus.
^[154]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Jiao et al.	Cambrian Stage 4		China	A non-trilobite artiopod. The type species is B. longicaudata.
^[155]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van Roy et al.	Ordovician (Sandbian)	Letná Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Thylacocephala. Genus includes new species B. libori.
^[156]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Ma et al.	Cambrian Stage 3		China	A bivalved arthropod related to Tuzoia. Genus includes new species D. anima.
^[157]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Moritz & Wesener	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A millipede belonging to the order Spirostreptida and the suborder Cambalidea. The type species is E. ornata; genus also includes E. cretacea.
^[158]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Laville, Haug & Haug	Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian)	Mazon Creek fossil beds	United States ( Illinois)	A member of Thylacocephala. The type species is E. keithflinti.
^[159]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bicknell, Hecker & Heyng	Early Jurassic (Hettangian)		Germany	A member of Xiphosura belonging to the family Austrolimulidae. Genus includes new species F. pochankei.
Houia guangxiensis^[160]	Sp. nov	In press	Wang et al.	Early Devonian		China
^[157]	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Moritz & Wesener	Cretaceous	Burmese amber	Myanmar	A millipede belonging to the order Spirostreptida and the suborder Cambalidea. The type species is K. muelleri; genus also includes K. distorta.
^[161]	Gen. et sp. nov		Jiao et al.	Cambrian Stage 4		China	A stem-group euarthropod of uncertain phylogenetic placement, with possible close affinities with either radiodonts or fuxianhuiids. The type species is L. ferox.
^[162]	Sp. nov	Valid	Riquelme & Hernández-Patricio in Riquelme, Hernández-Patricio & Álvarez-Rodríguez	Miocene	Mexican amber	Mexico	A millipede belonging to the family Pyrgodesmidae.
^[163]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lamsdell et al.	Early Jurassic (Sinemurian)	Moltrasio Formation	Italy	A horseshoe crab. Genus includes new species O. latus.
^[164]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Izquierdo-López & Caron	Cambrian (Wuliuan)	Burgess Shale	Canada ( British Columbia)	A stem mandibulate bivalved arthropod. Genus includes new species P. apatis.
^[155]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Van Roy et al.	Ordovician (Sandbian)	Letná Formation	Czech Republic	A member of Thylacocephala. Genus includes new species P. irenae.
Terropterus^[165]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Silurian (Llandovery)	Xiushan Formation and Fentou Formation	China	A member of Eurypterida. Genus includes new species T. xiushanensis.
?Woodwardopterus freemanorum^[166]	Sp. nov	In press	Poschmann & Rozefelds	Permian (Changhsingian)	Bowen Basin (Baralaba Coal Measures)	Australia	A member of Eurypterida.

Research[]

Lan et al. (2021) report exquisite preservation of bilaterally symmetric brain in leanchoiliid specimens from the Cambrian Kaili biota (China), and evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the evolution of the central nervous system in arthropods.^[167]
A study on carapace shape variation and hydrodynamic performance of members of the genus Isoxys is published by Pates et al. (2021), who argue that members of this genus occupied a variety of distinct niches in Cambrian oceans, and some were adapted for vertical movement in the water column.^[168]
A study on the composition and microstructure of the carapace of Chuandianella ovata is published by Liu, Fu & Zhang (2021), who interpret their findings as indicating that this arthropod reinforced its carapace with phosphatic mineralization.^[169]
A study on the post-embryonic development of Chuandianella ovata is published by Liu, Fu & Zhang (2021).^[170]
Braddy & Dunlop (2021) argue that Parioscorpio venator was a cheloniellid-like arthropod with large raptorial appendages.^[171]
New information on the anatomy of the head of Fuxianhuia is presented by Aria, Zhao & Zhu (2021), who interpret fuxianhuiids as mandibulates.^[172]
Partial remains of a member of the genus Arthropleura, representing one of the largest arthropod fossils reported to date and providing new information on the exoskeleton of Arthropleura, are described from the Carboniferous (Serpukhovian) Stainmore Formation (Northumberland, England, United Kingdom) by Davies et al. (2021), who also evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of arthropleurid habitat and factors that enabled the evolution of large body size in arthropleurids.^[173]
Revision of the morphological diversity, relationships and taxonomy of Early Triassic thylacocephalans is published by Laville et al. (2021).^[174]
Description of new fossil material of bucculata from the Solnhofen Limestone, providing new information on the anatomy of this thylacocephalan, is published by Laville et al. (2021), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the body organization and phylogenetic affinities of thylacocephalans.^[175]
A study on the morphology and possible intraspecific variability of Sinoburius lunaris is published by Schmidt et al. (2021).^[176]
A fossil larva lacking segmentation of the carapace, closely resembling the trilobite protaspis, is described from the Ordovician (Darriwilian) of central Siberia by Dzik (2021), found associated with other skeletal elements of the angarocaridid ;^[177] however, Lerosey-Aubril & Laibl (2021) subsequently interpret this specimen as actually belonging to the trilobite genus Isotelus or a related taxon, and conclude that protaspid larvae represent a developmental trait unique to trilobites.^[178]^[179]
A study on the possible relationships between eurypterid morphology, the ease with which members of this group experienced ecdysis, and longevity of eurypterid species is published by Brandt (2021).^[180]
A geometric morphometric analysis of data from eurypterine eurypterid specimens is presented by Bicknell & Amati (2021).^[181]
Redescription of Leiopterella tetliei is published by Braddy, Dunlop & Bonsor (2021).^[182]
Bicknell, Melzer & Schmidt (2021) reconstruct prosomal appendages of Eurypterus tetragonophthalmus and Pentecopterus decorahensis, model the flexure and extension of these appendages.^[183]
A study on the range of motion of prosomal appendages in Megalograptus ohioensis and Mixopterus kiaeri, and on its implications for the knowledge of the likely foraging strategies of these eurypterids, is published by Schmidt et al. (2021).^[184]
Bicknell et al. (2021) report the discovery of exceptionally preserved central nervous system in a specimen of Euproops danae from the Carboniferous Mazon Creek fossil beds (Illinois, United States).^[185]
A specimen of Euproops danae preserving anatomical details of the prosomal musculature is described from the Carboniferous Lawrence Formation (Kansas, United States) by Bicknell et al. (2021).^[186]
Redescription and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of woodwardi is published by Lustri, Laibl & Bicknell (2021).^[187]
Revision of rudkini, based on data from new fossil material from the Anisian Strelovec Formation (Slovenia), is published by Bicknell et al. (2021).^[188]
A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Parioscorpio venator is published by Anderson et al. (2021).^[189]

General research[]

A study on the evolution of the arthropod labrum is published by Budd (2021), who reevaluates the morphology of the Cambrian stem-euarthropod Parapeytoia and evaluates its implications for the knowledge of the origin of the labrum.^[190]
Liu et al. (2021) report the discovery a previously undetected exite at the base of most appendages of Leanchoilia illecebrosa, as well as morphologically similar (and likely homologous) exite in the same position in Naraoia spinosa and Retifacies abnormalis, and evaluate the implications of this discovery for the knowledge of the origin of exites in arthropod phylogeny.^[191]

References[]

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^ Anderson, E. P.; Schiffbauer, J. D.; Jacquet, S. M.; Lamsdell, J. C.; Kluessendorf, J.; Mikulic, D. G. (2021). "Stranger than a scorpion: a reassessment of Parioscorpio venator, a problematic arthropod from the Llandoverian Waukesha Lagerstätte". Palaeontology. 64 (3): 429–474. doi:10.1111/pala.12534. S2CID 234812878.
^ Budd, G. E. (2021). "The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum". Arthropod Structure & Development. 62: Article 101048. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2021.101048. PMID 33862532. S2CID 233277410.
^ Liu, Y.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Schmidt, M.; Bond, A. D.; Melzer, R. R.; Zhai, D.; Mai, H.; Zhang, M.; Hou, X. (2021). "Exites in Cambrian arthropods and homology of arthropod limb branches". Nature Communications. 12 (1): Article number 4619. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.4619L. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24918-8. PMC 8324779. PMID 34330912.

[PalZpseudoscorpions-1] Schwarze, D.; Harms, D.; Hammel, J. U.; Kotthoff, U. (2021). "The first fossils of the most basal pseudoscorpion family (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae): evidence for major biogeographical shifts in the European paleofauna". PalZ. in press. doi:10.1007/s12542-021-00565-8. S2CID 235600702.

[BA14-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg Wunderlich, J.; Müller, P. (2021). "Description of new fossil spiders (Araneae) in Late (mid) Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber with focus on the superfamilies Palpimanoidea and Deinopoidea and members of the RTA-clade, as well as remarks on palaeobehaviour, palaeofauna, taxonomy and phylogenetics" (PDF). In Jörg Wunderlich (ed.). Beiträge zur Araneologie, 14. pp. 25–262. ISBN 978-3-931473-20-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (link)

[Btheroni-3] Khaustov, A. A.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Perkovsky, E. E.; Klimov, P. B. (2021). "First fossil record of mite family Barbutiidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from late Eocene Rovno Amber, with a replacement name Hoplocheylus neosimilis nomen novum (Tarsocheylidae)". Systematic and Applied Acarology. 26 (5): 973–980. doi:10.11158/saa.26.5.12. S2CID 234771916.

[CRoonopids-4] Xin, Y.; Jiang, T.; Tong, Y.; Yao, Z.; Li, S. (2021). "The oonopid spiders from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber of northern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species". Cretaceous Research. 127: Article 104917. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104917.

[5] Lourenço, W. R.; Velten, J. (2021). "Early Cretaceous Burmite fossils of the genus Chaerilobuthus Lourenço & Beigel, 2011 (Scorpiones: Chaerilobuthidae) and description of a particular new species". Faunitaxys. Revue de Faunistique, Taxonomie et Systématique morphologique et moléculaire. 9 (30): 1–5.

[6] Lourenço, W. R.; Velten, J. (2021). "One more new genus and species of scorpion from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber (Scorpiones: Protoischnuridae)". Faunitaxys. Revue de Faunistique, Taxonomie et Systématique morphologique et moléculaire. 9 (14): 1–5.

[7] Downen, M. R.; Selden, P. A. (2021). "The earliest palpimanid spider (Araneae: Palpimanidae), from the Crato Fossil-Lagerstätte (Cretaceous, Brazil)". The Journal of Arachnology. 49 (1): 91–97. doi:10.1636/JoA-S-19-059. S2CID 234364801.

[Proadactylidium-8] Khaustov, A. A.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Perkovsky, E. E.; Lindquist, E. E. (2021). "Review of fossil heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata) from late Eocene Rovno Amber. I. Families Tarsocheylidae, Dolichocybidae and Acarophenacidae". Systematic and Applied Acarology. 26 (1): 33–61. doi:10.11158/saa.26.1.3. S2CID 231729394.

[Zootaxa49841-9] Xin, Y.; Jiang, T.; Yao, Z.; Li, S. (2021). "Three new species of the extinct spider genus Furcembolus (Araneae: Pacullidae) from Late Cretaceous Burmese amber". Zootaxa. 4984 (1): 258–273. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.19. PMID 34186683. S2CID 235687701.

[Hiatomegops-10] Guo, X.; Selden, P. A.; Ren, D. (2021). "New specimens from Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber illuminate the phylogenetic placement of Lagonomegopidae (Arachnida: Araneae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab027.

[11] Szabó, M.; Hammel, J. U.; Harms, D.; Kotthoff, U.; Bodor, E.; Novák, J.; Kovács, K.; Ősi, A. (2021). "First record of the spider family Hersiliidae (Araneae) from the Mesozoic of Europe (Bakony Mts, Hungary)". Cretaceous Research. 131: Article 105097. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105097. S2CID 244688216.

[12] Klimov, P. B.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Azar, D.; Sidorchuk, E. A.; Braig, H. R.; Khaustov, A. A.; Tolstikov, A. V. (2021). "A transitional fossil mite (Astigmata: Levantoglyphidae fam. n.) from the early Cretaceous suggests gradual evolution of phoresy-related metamorphosis". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): Article number 15113. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94367-2. PMC 8302706. PMID 34301989.

[13] Arillo, A.; Subías, L. S.; Álvarez-Parra, S. (2021). "First fossil record of the oribatid family Liacaridae (Acariformes: Gustavioidea) from the lower Albian amber-bearing site of Ariño (eastern Spain)". Cretaceous Research. 131: Article 105087. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105087. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 244063809.

[Parahistricostoma-14] Mitov, P. G.; Perkovsky, E. E.; Dunlop, J. A. (2021). "Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine)". Zootaxa. 4984 (1): 43–72. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.6. PMID 34186696. S2CID 235688196.

[15] Ceccolini, F.; Cianferoni, F. (2021). "A new replacement name for the fossil spider Veterator Petrunkevitch, 1963 (Arthropoda: Arachnida: Araneae)". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 36 (2). doi:10.7203/sjp.36.2.21867. S2CID 244439704.

[16] Rivas, G.; Vega, F. J. (2021). "Primer registro fósil de Parasitengona (Acari: Prostigmata) del ámbar mexicano, con una descripción de un nuevo género y especie para la familia Johnstonianidae Thor, 1935" (PDF). Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A170521. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a170521. S2CID 245030280.

[NMMNHSB84Selden-17] Selden, P. A. (2021). "New spiders (Araneae: Mesothelae), from the Carboniferous of New Mexico and England, and a review of Paleozoic Araneae". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 84: 317–358.

[18] Wriedt, A.-L.; Harvey, M. S.; Hammel, J. U.; Kotthoff, U.; Harms, D. (2021). "The second chthonioid pseudoscorpion (Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber: a new genus with unique morphological features and potential Gondwanan affinities". The Journal of Arachnology. 48 (3): 311–321. doi:10.1636/JoA-S-20-017. S2CID 232021004.

[19] Magalhaes, I. L. F.; Porta, A .O.; Wunderlich, J.; Proud, D. N.; Ramírez, M. J.; Pérez-González, A. (2021). "Taxonomic revision of fossil Psilodercidae and Ochyroceratidae spiders (Araneae: Synspermiata), with a new species of Priscaleclercera from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, northern Myanmar". Cretaceous Research. 121: Article 104751. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104751. S2CID 233562507.

[20] Geißler, C.; Kotthoff, U.; Hammel, J.; Harvey, M. S.; Harms, D. (2021). "The first fossil of the pseudoscorpion family Ideoroncidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones): a new taxon from the mid-Cretaceous of northern Myanmar". Cretaceous Research. 130: Article 105030. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105030. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 239104785.

[21] Lourenço, W. R. (2021). "Further comments on the elements of the family Palaeoburmesebuthidae Lourenço, 2015 with description of a new species of Spinoburmesebuthus Lourenço, 2017 from Early Cretaceous Burmite amber (Scorpiones)". Faunitaxys. Revue de Faunistique, Taxonomie et Systématique morphologique et moléculaire. 9 (17): 1–6.

[22] Haug, C.; Haug, J. T. (2021). "The fossil record of whip spiders: the past of Amblypygi". PalZ. 95 (3): 387–412. doi:10.1007/s12542-021-00552-z. S2CID 232434849.

[23] Guo, X.; Selden, P. A.; Ren, D. (2021). "Maternal care in Mid-Cretaceous lagonomegopid spiders". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 288 (1959): Article ID 20211279. doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1279. PMC 8441120. PMID 34521253.

[24] Wood, H. M.; Singh, H.; Grimaldi, D. A. (2021). "Another Laurasian connection in the Early Eocene of India: Myrmecarchaea spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae)". ZooKeys (1071): 49–61. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1071.72515. PMC 8613173. PMID 34887693.

[25] Joharchi, Omid; Vorontsov, Dmitry D.; Walter, David Evans (2021-09-14). "Oldest determined record of a mesostigmatic mite (Acari: Mesostigmata: Sejidae) in Cretaceous Burmese amber". Acarologia. 61 (3): 641–649. doi:10.24349/goj5-bzms. ISSN 0044-586X. S2CID 239420481.

[NJGPA3003-26] Schweitzer, C. E.; Hyžný, M.; Feldmann, R. M. (2021). "New Paleogene and Neogene decapod crustaceans (Axiidea, Brachyura) from Venezuela". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 300 (3): 245–266. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0988. S2CID 236264488.

[Aptanacalliax-27] Ferratges, F. A.; Hyžný, M.; Zamora, S. (2021). "Taphonomy and systematics of decapod crustaceans from the Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) in the Oliete Sub-basin (Teruel, Spain)". Cretaceous Research. 122: Article 104767. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104767. S2CID 234089134.

[Autrigoniscus-28] Sánchez-García, A.; Peñalver, E.; Delclòs, X.; Engel, M. S. (2021). "Terrestrial isopods from Spanish amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): insights into the Cretaceous soil biota". American Museum Novitates (3974): 1–32. doi:10.1206/3974.1. hdl:2246/7273. S2CID 236936902.

[29] van Bakel, B. W. M.; Maerten, L.; Jagt, J. W. M.; Fraaije, R. H. B. (2021). "Bajoprosopon piardi n. gen. and sp. from the Middle Jurassic of France, with a revised diagnosis of the family Prosopidae von Meyer, 1860 (Brachyura, Podotremata) and notes on the availability of names introduced by Hermann von Meyer (1835, 1857)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 24 (2): Article number 24.2.a26. doi:10.26879/1153.

[Bavaricaris-30] Winkler, N. (2021). "One new genus and three new species of caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones (Southern Germany)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 299 (1): 49–70. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0954. S2CID 234095653.

[31] Nyborg, T.; Garassino, A.; Nyborg, B.; Vega, F. J. (2021). "A new cyclodorippid crab, Berglundus bretoni n. gen., n. sp. (Decapoda, Cyclodorippidae) from the Eastern Pacific". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A301220. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a301220. S2CID 245098970.

[Bericirinia-32] De Angeli, A.; Garassino, A. (2021). "New report of fossil crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) from the late Eocene of San Feliciano (Monti Berici, Vicenza, NE Italy)". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A120221. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a120221. S2CID 245113149.

[33] Wallaard, J. J. W.; van Bakel, B. W. M.; Fraaije, R. H. B.; Jagt, J. W. M. (2021). "A new primitive crab from the Upper Jurassic Plattenkalks of the Solnhofen Archipelago (southern Germany)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 302 (2): 131–138. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/1023. S2CID 243872256.

[Zootaxa50323-34] Krzemińska, E.; Starzyk, N.; Fraaije, R. H. B.; Schweigert, G.; Lukeneder, A. (2021). "Jurassic brachyurans of the genus Bucculentum". Zootaxa. 5032 (3): 395–410. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5032.3.5. PMID 34811120. S2CID 239137045.

[35] De Angeli, A.; Alberti, R. (2021). "Carpilius cantellii n. sp. (Decapoda, Brachyura, Carpiloidea) nuovo crostaceo eocenico del territorio vicentino (Italia nordorientale)". Studi Trentini di Scienze Naturali. 101: 53–59.

[JSAESisopods-36] Bruce, N. L.; de Lourdes Serrano-Sánchez, M.; Carbot-Chanona, G.; Vega, F. J. (2021). "New species of fossil Cirolanidae (Isopoda, Cymothoida) from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) Sierra Madre Formation plattenkalk dolomites of El Espinal quarries, Chiapas, SE Mexico". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 109: Article 103285. Bibcode:2021JSAES.10903285B. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103285. S2CID 233598895.

[37] Luque, J.; Xing, L.; Briggs, D. E. G.; Clark, E. G.; Duque, A.; Hui, J.; Mai, H.; McKellar, R. C. (2021). "Crab in amber reveals an early colonization of nonmarine environments during the Cretaceous". Science Advances. 7 (43): eabj5689. Bibcode:2021SciA....7J5689L. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abj5689. PMC 8528423. PMID 34669480.

[38] Schädel, M.; Hörnig, M. K.; Hyžný, M.; Haug, J. T. (2021). "Mass occurrence of small isopodan crustaceans in 100-million-year-old amber: an extraordinary view on behaviour of extinct organisms". PalZ. 95 (3): 429–445. doi:10.1007/s12542-021-00564-9. ISSN 0031-0220. S2CID 235272269.

[39] Fraaije, R. H. B.; Van Bakel, B. M. W.; Jagt, J. W. M. (2021). "A new, enigmatic paguroid (Decapoda, Anomura) from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of southern Germany". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 299 (3): 333–337. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0973. S2CID 233592807.

[40] Schädel, M.; Hyžný, M.; Haug, J. T. (2021). "Ontogenetic development captured in amber - the first record of aquatic representatives of Isopoda in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar". Nauplius. 29: e2021003. doi:10.1590/2358-2936e2021003. S2CID 234105973.

[41] O'Flynn, R. J.; Audo, D.; Kawai, T. (2021). "Systematic Revision and Palaeobiology of Emplastron edwardsi (Van Straelen, 1928) gen. et comb. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae) Entombed within Travertine, from Sézanne, France". Paleontological Research. 25 (4): 379–388. doi:10.2517/2021PR007. S2CID 238861251.

[Parapetrochirus-42] Ferratges, F. A.; Artal, P.; Zamora, S. (2021). "New hermit crabs (Paguroidea, Anomura) from the Eocene of Huesca, Spain". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A070121. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a070121. S2CID 245116760.

[43] Garassino, A.; Pasini, G.; Clements, D. (2021). "A new spider crab (Brachyura, Epialtidae) from the Castle Hayne Limestone Formation (Eocene), North Carolina, USA". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A261220. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a261220. S2CID 245116153.

[44] De Angeli, A.; Garassino, A. (2021). "Report of ethusid crabs (Brachyura, Ethusidae) from the late Eocene of San Feliciano hill (Monti Berici, Vicenza, NE Italy)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 301 (1): 17–23. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0995. S2CID 237715372.

[45] Wei, Y.-F.; Dong, A.-G.; Huang, D.-Y.; Du, Y.-W.; Hegna, T. A.; Lian, X.-N.; Audo, D. (2021). "Amphipoda from the Late Neogene of Shanxi, China". Palaeoentomology. 4 (1): 85–93. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.1.13. S2CID 233907086.

[46] Becker, H. F. J.; Fraaije, R. H. B.; Mulder, E. W. A. (2021). "Glypheopsis tubantiensis, a new Early Cretaceous glypheid lobster from the Netherlands". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 299 (2): 161–170. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0962. S2CID 233956333.

[NJGPA3012-47] Garassino, A.; Pasini, G.; Nyborg, T.; Haggart, J. W. (2021). "Report of new lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) of Haida Gwaii Archipelago, Canada". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 301 (2): 201–216. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/1009. S2CID 238730142.

[48] Feldmann, R. M.; Schweitzer, C. E. (2021). "New nephropid lobster (Decapoda: Astacidea) from the late Campanian of California; extending the range of Pacific coastal fossil lobster occurrences". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A241220. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a241220. S2CID 245110985.

[49] Winkler, N.; Schweigert, G.; Winkler, A.; Härer, J.; Noller, M. (2021). "The first fossil stenopodidean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pleocyemata) from the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones (Upper Jurassic, Southern Germany)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 302 (1): 89–104. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/1020. S2CID 241658829.

[50] Feldmann, R. M.; Helm, C. W.; Lawfield, A. M. W.; Schweitzer, C. E. (2021). "New Late Cretaceous palinurid (Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) from northeastern British Columbia, Canada". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 299 (2): 149–159. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0961. S2CID 233965804.

[51] Gašparič, R.; Tshudy, D.; Chan, T.-Y.; Ćorić, S. (2021). "A new deep-water lobster, Metanephrops serendipitus sp. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Nephropidae), from lower Miocene of Meljski hrib (Maribor, Slovenia)". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A240521. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a240521. S2CID 245028447.

[52] Charbonnier, S.; Audo, D.; Garassino, A.; Simpson, M.; Gèze, R.; Azar, D. (2021). "A new species of mecochirid lobster, Meyeria libanotica (Decapoda, Glypheoidea), from the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) of Lebanon". Annales de Paléontologie. 107 (1): Article 102470. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2021.102470. S2CID 234137706.

[53] Garassino, A.; Pasini, G.; Nazarkin, M. V. (2021). "First report of caridean shrimps, crabs (Decapoda) and mysidaceans (Peracarida) from the middle–late Miocene of Sakhalin Island, Russia". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 301 (2): 135–146. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/1000. S2CID 238685807.

[54] Stinnesbeck, E. S.; Wägele, J. W.; Herder, F.; Rust, J.; Stinnesbeck, W. (2021). "A fish-parasitic isopod (Cymothoidae) on the pachyrhizodont Goulmimichthys roberti from the lower Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) Vallecillo plattenkalk, NE Mexico". Cretaceous Research. 129: Article 105019. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105019. S2CID 239627722.

[55] Poschmann, M. J. (2021). "A new phyllocarid (Crustacea, Archaeostraca) from the Early Devonian (late Emsian) Heckelmann Mill Fossil-Lagerstätte (Lahn Syncline, Rhineland-Palatinate, SW-Germany)". PalZ. 95 (1): 27–36. doi:10.1007/s12542-020-00535-6. S2CID 231793893.

[Willinachoides-56] Lima, D.; Aguilera, O.; Tavares, M. (2021). "The Inachoididae spider crabs (Crustacea, Brachyura) from the Neogene of the tropical Americas". Journal of Paleontology. Online edition: 1–21. doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.91. S2CID 243111372.

[57] Ferratges, F. A.; Domínguez, J. L.; Ossó, À. (2021). "First record of a homolid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Homoloidea) from the early Eocene of the Iberian Peninsula". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A311220. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a311220. S2CID 245099698.

[58] Beschin, C.; Busulini, A.; Tessier, G.; Fraaije, R. H. B.; Jagt, J. W. M. (2021). "The first Cenozoic 'blanket hermit crab' (Anomura, Paguroidea) – a new genus and species from the Eocene of northeast Italy". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 299 (3): 251–257. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0967. S2CID 233519062.

[59] Van der Wal, S.; Schädel, M.; Ekrt, B.; Haug, J. T. (2021). "Description and ontogeny of a 40-million-year-old parasitic isopodan crustacean: Parvucymoides dvorakorum gen. et sp. nov". PeerJ. 9: e12317. doi:10.7717/peerj.12317. PMC 8667724. PMID 34966568.

[60] Schweigert, G. (2021). "A new genus of prosopid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Dromiacea) from the Upper Jurassic of southern Germany". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 73 (3): A030121. doi:10.18268/BSGM2021v73n3a030121. S2CID 245103649.

[61] Pazinato, P. G.; Haug, C.; Rohn, R.; Adami-Rodrigues, K.; Pirani Ghilardi, R.; Cardoso Langer, M.; Haug, J. T. (2021). "The long trail: a chimera-like fossil crustacean interpreted as Decapoda, Stomatopoda, Amphipoda and finally Isopoda". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 127 (2): 211–229. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/15699.

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