Apple TV

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the hardware media player. For the streaming service, see Apple TV+. For the media player app from Apple, see Apple TV app. For other uses, see Apple TV (disambiguation).

Apple TV
Apple TV.svg
Apple tv.jpg
An Apple TV (left) and its accompanying remote
DeveloperApple Inc.
Manufacturer
  • Apple Inc.
  • Foxconn (under contract)
  • Pegatron (under contract)
TypeSet-top box microconsole
Release date
  • 1st generation: January 9, 2007; 14 years ago (2007-01-09)
  • 2nd generation: September 1, 2010; 11 years ago (2010-09-01)
  • 3rd generation: March 7, 2012; 9 years ago (2012-03-07)
  • 3rd generation Rev A: January 28, 2013; 8 years ago (2013-01-28)
  • HD: October 30, 2015; 5 years ago (2015-10-30)
  • 4K (1st generation): September 22, 2017; 3 years ago (2017-09-22)
  • 4K (2nd generation): May 21, 2021; 3 months ago (2021-05-21)
Introductory price
  • US$299.00 (1st generation)[1]
  • $99.00 (2nd and 3rd generation)[2]
  • $149.00 (HD 32 GB)
  • $179.00 (4K 32 GB)
  • $199.00 (HD and 4K 64 GB)[3]
Operating system
  • 1st generation: Apple TV Software 3.0.2
  • Based on Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger
  • Released February 10, 2010 (2010-02-10)
  • 2nd generation: Apple TV Software 6.2.1
  • Based on iOS 7.1.2
  • Released September 17, 2014 (2014-09-17)
  • 3rd generation: Apple TV Software 7.7
  • Based on iOS 8
  • Released April 26, 2021 (2021-04-26)
  • HD and 4K: tvOS 14.5
  • Released April 26, 2021 (2021-04-26)
CPU
  • 1st generation: Intel Pentium M
  • 2nd generation: Apple A4
  • 3rd generation: Apple A5
  • HD: Apple A8
  • 4K (1st generation): Apple A10X Fusion
  • 4K (2nd generation): Apple A12 Bionic
Memory
  • 1st and 2nd generation: 256 MB
  • 3rd generation: 512 MB
  • HD: 2 GB LPDDR3 SDRAM
  • 4K (1st and 2nd generation): 3 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM
Storage
  • 1st generation: 40 or 160 GB
  • 2nd and 3rd generation: 8 GB (Not user-accessible, caching only)
  • HD and 4K: 32 or 64 GB NAND Flash
Input
Connectivity
  • Bluetooth (2nd generation and later)
  • Wi-Fi (1st-3rd generation not WPA3 compatible)
  • Ethernet
  • Micro-USB (2nd and 3rd generation)
  • USB-C (HD)
  • HDMI
  • Optical audio (1st–3rd generation)
  • Component video (1st generation)
Online services8,000 total apps, including 2,000 games and 1,600 video apps
(as of October 27, 2016)[4]
Dimensions
  • 1st generation:
  • 28 mm (1.1 in) (h)
  • 197 mm (7.8 in) (w)
  • 197 mm (7.8 in) (d)
  • 2nd and 3rd generation:
  • 23 mm (0.91 in) (h)
  • 98 mm (3.9 in) (w)
  • 98 mm (3.9 in) (d)
  • HD and 4K:
  • 35 mm (1.4 in) (h)
  • 98 mm (3.9 in) (w)
  • 98 mm (3.9 in) (d)
Mass
  • 1st generation: 2.4 pounds (1.1 kg)
  • 2nd and 3rd generation: 0.6 pounds (0.27 kg)
  • HD and 4K: 15 oz (430 g)
PredecessorAITB
Apple Bandai Pippin
Websitewww.apple.com/tv/

Apple TV is a digital media player and microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc. It is a small network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data for visual and audio content such as music, video, video games, or the screen display of certain other devices, and play it on a connected television set or other video display.

Apple TV is an HDMI-compliant source device.[5] To use it for viewing, it has to be connected to an enhanced-definition or high-definition widescreen television via an HDMI cable. The device has no integrated controls and can only be controlled remotely, either by an Apple Remote or Siri Remote control device (which is included with Apple TV) using its infrared/Bluetooth capability, by the Apple TV Remote app (downloadable from App Store) on numerous Apple devices using its Wi-Fi capability, or by some third-party gaming controllers and infrared remotes.[6][7]

Apple TV runs software applications preinstalled with the system software or, for models running tvOS, downloaded from Apple's tvOS App Store over the device's Wi-Fi connection, with the most popular being those that stream video.[8] Major online content sources for Apple TV apps include subscription services for streaming television and film, cable and broadcast networks via TV Everywhere, and major sports leagues.[citation needed]

Its Wi-Fi capability is also used to receive content purchased or rented directly from Apple's iTunes Store, transmitted from other nearby iDevices via AirPlay, or shared from macOS or Windows computers running iTunes.[9]

According to observers, Apple's March 2019 special event highlighted the company's reorientation of its focus away from the Apple TV hardware, which has lagged competitors with only 13% of U.S. connected TV market share, and apps on the set-top box, and toward higher revenue Apple-distributed video streaming that will be available even through competitors' devices, via the company's Apple TV+ original content service and Apple TV Channels a la carte premium video on demand subscription aggregating service.[8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

Historical antecedents[]

In an early attempt to enter the home entertainment industry, Apple released the Macintosh TV in 1993. Macintosh TV had a 14-inch CRT screen along with a TV tuner card.[18] This did not prove to be a success, as only 10,000 units of Macintosh TV were sold up to its discontinuation in 1994.[19]

Apple's next foray into the television industry came with the Apple Interactive Television Box, also in 1994. Apple Interactive Television Box was a collaboration venture between Apple, BT, and Belgacom but it never went on sale to the public.[19][20]

Apple's last major attempt to enter the home entertainment market before Apple TV occurred with their launch of Apple Bandai Pippin based on the Apple Pippin platform in the late 1990s. Apple Bandai Pippin combines a home game console with a networked computer.[19][21]

Starting as early as 2011, , longtime investment banking analyst at Piper Jaffray covering Apple, regularly shared rumors that Apple would announce HDTV television set hardware to directly compete with Sony, LG, Samsung, and other TV makers,[22] but Apple has never released such a product and Munster finally relented and recanted in 2015.[23][24] This was despite the set being mentioned as a possibility for a future breakthrough product in Steve Jobs' biography Steve Jobs.[19][25][26][27]

Models[]

1st generation[]

Macworld San Francisco banner "Introducing Apple TV", January 9, 2007

Apple TV was unveiled as a work in progress called "iTV" on September 12, 2006 at an Apple Special Event using a modified Front Row interface using the Apple Remote.[28][29] Apple started taking pre-orders for Apple TV on January 9, 2007. The name "iTV" was originally going to be used to keep the product in line with the rest of their "i"-based products (iMac, iPod, etc.), but was not used because the British terrestrial broadcast network ITV holds the rights to the name in the UK and threatened to take legal action against Apple.[30]

Apple TV first shipped on March 21, 2007 with a 40 GB hard disk.[31] An updated model with a 160 GB HDD was released on May 31, 2007; subsequently, Apple ceased selling the 40 GB HDD version on September 14, 2009.[32]

On January 15, 2008, a software upgrade was announced; this turned the Apple TV into a stand-alone device which removed the requirement for a computer running iTunes on Mac OS X or Windows to stream or sync content to it, and making most of the Apple TV's hard disk redundant. The update allowed the iTunes Store content to be directly rented and purchased, as well as photo streaming and podcast downloads from MobileMe (which was called .Mac at the time) and Flickr.[33] Front Row became deprecated, and a new interface was introduced for the original Apple TV in which content was organized into six categories, all of which appeared in a large square box on the screen upon startup (movies, TV shows, music, YouTube, podcasts, and photos) and presented in the initial menu, along with a "Settings" option for configuration, including software updates.[34][35]

On July 10, 2008, Apple released the iTunes Remote app on the App Store,[36] and the Apple TV 2.1 software update that added recognition for the iPhone and iPod Touch as remote control devices intended as a software alternative to the Apple Remote.[37] Later updates to the Apple TV, iTunes, and Remote software added support for the iPad, and introduced support for new features as they were added to iTunes.[citation needed]

In July 2011, Apple discontinued the Front Row interface for Mac users.[38]

On September 9, 2015, Apple discontinued service and support for the first generation Apple TV.[5] Beginning May 25, 2018, iTunes Store is no longer accessible from the device, due to its obsolete security standards.[39]

2nd generation[]

The 2nd generation Apple TV was announced on September 1, 2010, and was the first to run on a variant of iOS.[40][41][42] The device is housed in a smaller, all-black case, one-quarter the size of the original. This model replaced the internal hard drive with 8 GB internal flash storage, enough local storage for buffering purposes; all media became streamed, instead of synced. It supports output up to 720p over HDMI only.[43][44]

In May 2015, the YouTube app was removed due to an API change by Google.[45]

3rd generation[]

On March 7, 2012, Apple announced the 3rd generation Apple TV (model A1427) at an Apple Special Event. It is identical externally to the second generation model, includes a dual-core A5 processor with one core deactivated or unused,[46] and supports 1080p output.[47]

Apple silently released a third generation "Rev A" (model A1469) on January 28, 2013 with component changes included. This refreshed model gained support for peer to peer Airplay which allowed iOS devices to mirror to the Apple TV without requiring both devices to be on the same Wi-Fi network. This model also saw the dual-core Apple A5 chip with one core deactivated being replaced with a single-core variant of the A5 chip. Some users reported the Rev A drawing less power than the original 3rd generation Apple TV. By October 2016, Apple had phased out the Apple TV third generation, with Apple Store employees instructed to pull all units and demo units from store shelves.[48]

Amazon Video was added with Software 7.2.2 released on December 6, 2017.[49] The TV app was added with Software 7.3 released on May 13, 2019.[50] Support for HBO Go and HBO Now ended in April 2020. Support for YouTube and CBS All Access ended in March 2021.[51][52][53]

HD (previously 4th generation)[]

On September 9, 2015, Apple announced the fourth-generation Apple TV at an Apple Special Event. The fourth-generation model uses a new operating system, tvOS, with an app store, allowing downloads of third-party apps for video, audio, games and other content. Upon release, third-party apps were available from a limited range of providers, with new APIs providing opportunities for more apps. A requirement of new apps and games was that they must include interfacing with the new touchpad-enabled Siri remote, which was later relaxed for games.[54][55][56] In March 2019 Apple rebranded the device as Apple TV HD.[57]

The 4th generation includes a 64-bit Apple A8 processor, and adds support for Dolby Digital Plus audio. While similar to the form factor of the 2nd and 3rd generation models, the 4th generation model is taller. In contrast to the old remote's arrow button, the 4th generation Apple TV's touch remote uses swipe-to-select features, Siri support, a built-in microphone, volume control over HDMI CEC and IR, and an accelerometer (IMU).[58]

The fourth-generation Apple TV started shipping in October 2015. Upon launch, there were several unexpected issues such as incompatibility with Apple's own Remote app for iOS and watchOS.[59] These issues were fixed by Apple on December 8, 2015 in tvOS 9.1.[60] On September 13, 2016, Apple released tvOS 10, bringing an all new remote app, single-sign on, dark mode, HomeKit support, and other features.

Amazon initially declined to develop an Amazon Video application for Apple TV, and announced in October 2015 it would stop selling Apple TVs, and removed 3rd generation SKUs.[61] In late 2017 Amazon reversed their stance and released an Amazon Video app,[62] and resumed sales of Apple TVs.[63]

4K (1st generation)[]

At an Apple Special Event on September 12, 2017, Apple announced the Apple TV 4K which supports 2160p output, HDR10, Dolby Vision, and includes a faster Apple A10X Fusion processor supporting HEVC hardware decoding. Dolby Atmos support was added in tvOS 12.[64][65] Following the announcement of the new models, the 64 GB version of the Apple TV HD was discontinued.[66]

Externally it is similar to the 4th generation model, with the only differences being the addition of vents on the base, the removal of the USB-C port, and the addition of a tactile white ring around the Menu button on the included Siri Remote.

4K (2nd generation)[]

On April 20, 2021, Apple announced an updated Apple TV 4K with the A12 Bionic processor, support for high frame rate HDR, HDMI 2.1, and Wi-Fi 6. Its HDMI port supports ARC and eARC, which allows other sources plugged into the television to output audio through Apple TV, including to Bluetooth speakers like HomePod.[67] It also has the ability to pair with the ambient light sensor on iPhones with Face ID to optimize its color output, a feature that was also extended to older Apple TVs with tvOS 14.5.[68] AirPlay supports high frame rate HDR playback, allowing videos shot on the iPhone 12 Pro in Dolby Vision 4K 60fps to be mirrored in full resolution. Following the announcement, the previous Apple TV 4K with an A10X Fusion chip was discontinued.[69]

The model also comes with a thicker redesigned Siri Remote with a circular touchpad with navigational buttons, as well as power and mute buttons. The remote does not include an accelerometer and gyroscope, which were present in the previous Siri Remote, making it incompatible with some games.[70] The remote is compatible with previous generation tvOS-based Apple TVs and ships with an updated SKU of the Apple TV HD.[71]

Features[]

Apple TV allows consumers to use an HDTV to stream video, music, and podcasts as well as downloading apps and games from the tvOS App Store. The first, second, and third generations offered limited content which Apple had provisioned to work with Apple TV. These have now been discontinued[72] in favor of the fourth generation Apple TV, with an OS based on iOS called tvOS which lets developers create their own apps with their own interface that run on Apple TV. These include multimedia, music apps, and games.[73][74]

NASA app for Apple TV

Features of Apple TV include:

Video Streaming
  • Users of Apple TV can rent or buy movies and TV shows from the iTunes Store, or stream video from a variety of services found in the tvOS App Store such as Netflix, Prime Video, Hulu, Disney+, and YouTube.
  • Users can stream live and on-demand content from apps that support login through a cable provider by way of one universal app called TV. The single-sign on feature in tvOS 10.1 and later allows users to log in to all of these apps at once, bypassing the need to authenticate each individually.
Music and Podcasts Streaming
  • Users can access their music and podcasts libraries that they purchased in iTunes through iCloud through the Music and Podcasts apps, respectively. In addition, users can also subscribe to music streaming services such as Apple Music, Amazon Music, Spotify, Pandora Music, Tidal, Qello, KKBOX, and Anghami and access content that way.
Photos
  • The built in Photos app syncs user photos from iCloud Photo Library and displays them on TV. In addition, users can download third-party apps like Adobe Lightroom[75] to view, edit and share them.[76]
Apps and Games
  • With the fourth generation Apple TV and later, users can download apps and games from the tvOS App Store. This app store is similar to the one found on the Apple iPhone and iPad.
  • Apps can now be ported from iOS easily by developers since tvOS and iOS share a common codebase and kernel.
    Examples include the Papa John's Pizza[77] and Grubhub apps which allows for users to order food right from Apple TV and Zillow which allows users to search for homes right on their TV.[78] A NASA app for Apple TV includes live streaming of NASA TV content, including International Space Station missions.[79]
  • Games use the Accelerometer and Gyroscope along with the touchpad found on the Siri Remote for control. External Bluetooth game controllers can also be paired.
    Examples include Asphalt 8, which can be played using the Siri Remote.
Casting and Mirroring
  • With AirPlay, users can stream or mirror content wirelessly from an iOS device or Mac. AirPlay can be accessed by swiping up from the bottom of the screen (swipe down from top right on newer models) in Control Center on iOS or in the Menu Bar on a Mac. Its functions include:[80]
    • Casting, which allows users to wirelessly send video or audio from their iPhone, iPad, or Mac to the Apple TV.
    • Mirroring, which allows users to wirelessly mirror their Mac screen or AirPlay device which to the TV, using it as a second monitor.
    • Peer-to-Peer AirPlay, which uses Bluetooth to connect if the Apple TV and the iOS Device/Mac are not on the same Wi-Fi network.
Siri
  • Siri is built into the fourth generation and later Apple TV. It enables voice dictation in text fields, including usernames and passwords.[31]
  • Universal search is available for a wide number of apps in the United States, but the feature is limited to iTunes and Netflix in Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. In Australia, universal search supports movies and TV shows in iTunes, Netflix, and Stan.[81][82] Apple has been expanding the feature to encompass additional channels worldwide.[83]
  • A Live Tune-In feature that allows the viewer to ask Siri to tune to live streams of Pluto TV, DAZN, WWE Network, FuboTV, and Xumo among many others that support Live Tune-In.
HomeKit
  • The third-generation[84] Apple TV and later can also be used as a home hub to control HomeKit devices, such as locks, thermostats, or garage doors either locally or over the Internet. HomeKit Automation, such as automatic implementation of scenes, multiple user support, and using Siri to control devices, and remote access for shared users or HomeKit-enabled cameras is only possible with a fourth generation Apple TV or later.
General
  • HDMI CEC to control other devices in a user's home theater setup.[85]
  • App Switcher which enables users to switch apps.
  • Aerial Screensaver which allows the TV to display a flyover view of a city when Apple TV is inactive. Screensavers can also be invoked from the home screen by pressing menu on the Siri Remote once.[86]

App Store[]

  • With the fourth-generation Apple TV (Apple TV HD) and tvOS, Apple announced an App Store which allows any developer to make apps using the APIs available specifically tailored towards the TV.[87] Also, since tvOS is based on iOS, any developer can port over apps from iOS and with a few modifications, as Apple stated on stage, and can make them available for all tvOS users with the App Store. The App Store is not available to previous Apple TVs and is a feature of the fourth generation Apple TV onward.

Accessibility[]

Since tvOS and watchOS are based on iOS, they have inherited many of the accessibility features of iOS and macOS[88] and are compatible with Apple's entire product line including the Apple Watch as a remote controller for the Apple TV.

tvOS includes the Apple technologies of VoiceOver, Zoom, and Siri to help the blind and those with low vision. Pairing a Bluetooth keyboard with the tvOS on the Apple TV enables another accessibility feature that also is an incorporation of VoiceOver. When typing, VoiceOver mirrors with an audio voice, each character pressed on the keyboard and repeated again when it is entered. The Apple TV is designed to work with the Apple Wireless Keyboard or the Apple Magic Keyboard.[citation needed]

Apple TV with and without tvOS supports closed captioning, so the deaf or hard of hearing can properly watch TV episodes and feature-length movies. Compatible episodes and movies are denoted with a CC (closed captioning) or SDH (Descriptive Audio) icon in the iTunes Store either on the Apple TV or in iTunes itself. The viewer can customize the captions in episodes or movies with styles and fonts that are more conducive to their hearing and/or visual impairment.[89]

Apple's Remote app on iOS devices allows control of the Apple TV from an iPhone, iPad or iPod Touch.[90]

Restrictions[]

Similar to Google's redesign of YouTube, Apple has restricted access to most viewed charts on movies and podcasts. They are replaced by "Top Movies", "Top Podcasts", and "Editor's Picks".[91]

Parental controls allow consumers to limit access to Internet media service content via "Restrictions" settings; individual services can be turned off (e.g., to reduce clutter), icons can be rearranged via the tap-and-hold technique à la iOS. Internet media is split into four categories: "Internet Photos", "YouTube", "Podcasts", and "Purchase and Rental". Each of the categories is configured by a parental control of "Show", "Hide" or "Ask" to prompt for a 4-digit PIN. In addition, movies, TV shows, music and podcasts can be restricted by rating.[92]

Streaming video sources[]

Apps available for Apple TV can stream video from a variety of sources, including MyCanal (France only), Netflix, ESPN+, Disney+, Star+ (Latin America only), Paramount+, Hotstar, Movies Anywhere, Eros Now, YuppTV, iQIYI, Catchplay, Viu, AMC+, Discovery+, GolfTV, DAZN, WWE Network, FuboTV, Curiosity Stream, Nebula, BET+, Voot, Noggin, Pluto TV, Philo, BritBox, Globoplay, Acorn TV, Showmax, Videoland (Netherlands only), Viki, ALTBalaji, ABC iview (Australia only), 7plus (Australia only), 9Now (Australia only), Stan (Australia only), Foxtel Now (Australia only), Kayo Sports (Australia only), Binge (Australia only), Neon (New Zealand only), Vidio (Indonesia only), iWantTFC, meWATCH (Singapore only), ZEE5, Hulu, FunimationNow, Wakanim, VRV, Crunchyroll, Crackle, Pure Flix, SonyLIV (Indo-Pacific and Middle East only), BBC iPlayer (UK only), ITV Hub (UK only), STV Player (UK only), All 4 (UK and Ireland only), My5 (UK only), NOW (UK, Ireland and Italy only), UKTV Play (UK and Ireland only), Hallmark Movies Now, Toon Goggles, Yippee TV, the Bally Sports app, Stirr, Honor Club, Shudder, Mubi, Crave (Canada only), RiverTV (Canada only), Highball TV (Canada only), OneSoccer (Canada only), Allblk, Plex, Kodi, Sling TV, Sun NXT, Amazon Prime Video, Twitch, Spectrum TV Stream, DirecTV Stream, Vudu, NBC Sports Gold, Hayu, Xumo, Craftsy, TED, YouTube, YouTube TV, Dailymotion, Red Bull TV, FloSports, FITE TV, Shahid, Tubi, Fox Nation, and Popcornflix along with HBO Max, Peacock, Showtime Anytime, Starz, and the TV Everywhere portals of several cable and broadcast networks, and the video subscription portals of all of the four major North American sports leagues: NFL TV app, MLB.tv, NBA League Pass, and NHL.tv.

Local sources[]

Apple TV allows users on a computer running iTunes to sync or stream photos, music and videos.[93]

A user can connect a computer on a local network to maintain a central home media library of digitized CD, DVD or HD content,[94] provide direct connectivity to photo organization software such as iPhoto,[95] limit home video access to a local network only,[96] play Internet radio,[97][98] or preload content on Apple TV to be used later as a non-networked video player.[99] For users who wish to connect the Apple TV to a computer, synchronization and streaming modes are supported.[93]

Apple TV in synchronization mode works in a way similar to the iPod. It is paired with an iTunes library on a single computer and can synchronize with that library, copying all or selected content to its own storage. Apple TV need not remain connected to the network after syncing.[99][100] Photos can be synced from iPhoto, Aperture, or from a folder on a Mac, or Adobe Photoshop Album, Photoshop Elements, or from a hard disk folder in Windows.[101]

Apple TV can also function as a peer-to-peer digital media player, streaming content from iTunes libraries and playing the content over the network.[102][103]

First-generation Apple TVs can stream content from up to five computers or iTunes libraries. Also, five Apple TVs can be linked to the same iTunes library. The second-generation Apple TV onwards allows users to stream content from more than one iTunes library: these additional iTunes libraries can be on the same or on different computers. This is possible when Apple TV and every iTunes library from which you want to stream content meet all of the following conditions: (1) the Apple TV and the iTunes library you are streaming from are both on the same local network, (2) each uses the iTunes "Home Sharing" feature, and (3) each are using the same "Home Sharing" Apple ID.

Apple TV HD and newer can also stream content locally using third-party apps such as Plex, Kodi and VLC media player.

Supported formats[]

Apple TV natively supports the following audio, video, and picture formats (although with the Apple TV HD and later, apps may use alternative built-in software in order to play other codecs and formats, e.g. VLC media player, Kodi and Plex):

Others[]

Attempts to sync unsupported content to Apple TV will draw an error message from iTunes.[110]

The first- and second-generation Apple TV video output can be set to either 1080i or 1080p; however, this resolution is limited to the user interface and the viewing of photographs – all other content is simply upscaled to those resolutions. Those models cannot play 1080i or 1080p video content (e.g., HD camera video).[102][103][111][112][113] The third- and fourth-generation Apple TV support 1080p video content. The Apple TV 4K, as the name suggests, supports 4K resolutions and HDR, including Dolby Vision. 4K content from sources such as iTunes can be played on a compatible 4K television set.

Apple offers H.264 1080p movies and video podcasts on iTunes.[114] In comparison, Blu-ray Disc films are 1080p H.264 or VC-1 video encoded at rates of up to 40 Mbit/s.[115]

Apple TV's audio chip supports 7.1 surround sound,[116] and some high definition rentals from iTunes are offered with Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound.[117]

There is an Apple TV export option in QuickTime which allows content in some formats that the device does not support to be easily re-encoded.[118] Applications that use QuickTime to export media can use this; e.g., iMovie's Share menu,[119] iTunes' advanced menu,[120] and some third-party content conversion tools.[121]

Connectivity[]

Back of 1st generation Apple TV
Back of 2nd generation Apple TV

Apple TV streams video through an HDMI cable (Type A) connected to the TV's HDMI port. Audio is supported through the optical or HDMI ports. The device also has a Micro-USB port, which is reserved for service and diagnostics. The device connects through Ethernet or Wi-Fi to the computer for digital content from the Internet and local networks. Apple TV does not come with audio, video or other cables, which must be acquired additionally as required.[122] On the previous Apple TV, media files could be transferred directly onto the device by syncing with another computer. Once content was stored on the device's hard drive, Internet connectivity was no longer needed to view content.[99] This is not the case with the later models, which do not have a hard drive for storing media.

The first-generation Apple TV had component video and RCA connector audio ports, both removed in the 2nd generation. The device does not have RCA/composite video or F/RF connectors,[103][123] but can be tricked into outputting color via composite.[124]

Starting with the Apple TV HD, Apple removed the optical audio port. Apple also enhanced the HDMI port by adding support for HDMI 1.4. The 4th generation also removed the Micro-USB port in favor of the reversible USB-C port and the 5th generation removed USB entirely.[citation needed]

AirPlay[]

Main article: AirPlay

AirPlay allows iOS devices or an AirPort-enabled computer with the iTunes music player to send a stream of music to multiple (three to six, in typical conditions) stereos connected to an AirPort Express (the audio-only antecedent of Apple TV) or Apple TV.[125]

The AirPort Express' streaming media capabilities use Apple's Remote Audio Output Protocol (RAOP), a proprietary variant of RTSP/RTP. Using WDS-bridging,[126] the AirPort Express can allow AirPlay functionality (as well as Internet access, file and print sharing, etc.) across a larger distance in a mixed environment of wired and up to 10 wireless clients.

Speakers attached to an AirPort Express or Apple TV can be selected from within the "Remote" iPhone/iPod Touch program, allowing full AirPlay compatibility[127] (see "Remote control" section below).

A compatible Mac running OS X Mountain Lion or later can wirelessly mirror its screen to an Apple TV through AirPlay Mirroring[128][129] while one running OS X Mavericks or later can also extend its display with AirPlay Display.

Remote control[]

Apple TV can be controlled by many infrared remote controls[130] or paired with the included Apple Remote to prevent interference from other remotes.[102][131][132] Either kind of remote can control playback volume, but for music only.[33][133][134]

The Apple Wireless Keyboard is supported on the second-generation Apple TV and later using the built-in Bluetooth.[135] The consumer has the ability to control media playback, navigate menus and input text and other information. Third-party keyboards that use the Apple layout may also be compatible.[135]

On July 10, 2008, Apple released Remote, a free iOS application that allows the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad to control the iTunes library on the Apple TV via Wi-Fi.[136][137] The Apple Watch also has a remote app to control Apple TV.[138]

The Remote App was updated on September 13, 2016,[139] to take advantage of all the features of the Apple TV 4. This includes Siri, Touchpad, and Home Buttons, along with a now playing screen.

Apple Siri Remote Controller
The second generation Apple Siri Remote is included with the second generation 4K Apple TV and later, as well as being sold by itself.

On September 9, 2015, Apple announced the new Siri Remote for the fourth-generation Apple TV (Apple TV HD) (although in some territories, Apple have kept the name Apple TV Remote, due to Siri functionality not being enabled on it in that territory).[140] It is a completely redesigned remote that features dual microphones for Siri support and a glass touch surface for navigation around the interface by swiping or tapping and scrubbing to fast forward or rewind. Also, it has a menu and home button, a Siri button to invoke Siri, a Play/Pause button, and a Volume Up/Down button to control the volume on the TV. The Siri Remote communicates with the Apple TV via Bluetooth rather than infrared, removing the requirement of a line-of-sight with the device. This new remote is only supported by the Apple TV HD and later and will not work with earlier generations.

Siri[]

Beginning with the Apple TV HD, the remote includes two microphones and a button to activate Siri. Siri on the Apple TV has all of the functions of Siri on iOS 9; it can also respond to requests specifically for the TV.[141] For instance, the viewer can ask Siri to search for a TV show or movie and it will search across multiple different sources to tell the user where the content is available to watch. It can also do things such as Play/Pause,[142] Rewind/Fast Forward, skip back 15 seconds and temporarily turn on captioning when asked "what did he say?" or "what did she say?", open a specific app, and more.

Software[]

For the media player application, see Apple TV app.

1st generation[]

The original Apple TV ran a modified build of Mac OS X v10.4 Tiger.[143]

Apple TV Software 1.0[]

Apple TV software 1.0 presented the user with an interface similar to that of Front Row. Like Front Row on the Mac, it presents the user with seven options for consuming content. Movies, TV Shows, Music, Podcasts, Photos, Settings, and Sources. It was a modified version of OS x v10.4 Tiger.[144]

Apple TV Software 2.0[]

In February 2008, Apple released a major and free upgrade to the Apple TV, labelled "Take Two"(2.0). This update did away with Front Row and introduced a new interface in which content was organized into six categories, all of which appeared in a large square box on the screen upon startup (movies, TV shows, music, YouTube, podcasts, and photos) and presented in the initial menu, along with a "Settings" option for configuration, including software updates.[34][35]

Apple TV Software 3.0[]

In October 2009, Apple released a minor upgrade for the Apple TV called "Apple TV Software 3.0".[145] This update replaced the interface in version 2.0 with a new interface which presented seven horizontal columns across the top of the screen for the different categories of content (Movies, TV Shows, Music, Podcasts, Photos, Internet, and Settings).[146] This update also added features such as content filtering, iTunes Extras,[147] new fonts, and a new Internet radio app.

One new feature in particular was the 'Genius' playlist option allowing for easier and more user friendly playlist creating.[148]

2nd and 3rd generation[]

See also: tvOS § Version history
The third Apple TV interface
The user interface used in the third generation Apple TV series featured a rounded rectangle tile interface.

The 2nd[149] and 3rd[150] generation Apple TVs run a version of iOS, rather than the modified Mac OS X of the original model.

The interface on Apple TV Software 4 is similar to that of previous versions, with only minor changes and feature additions throughout. In March 2012, Apple released a major new software update, with the Apple TV 3rd generation, labeled as Apple TV Software 5 (iOS 5.1),[151] which shipped with the new 3rd generation Apple TV. This update completely revised the look of the home screen to make it resemble the icon grid seen on iOS. Instead of 7 columns, content and third-party channels are shown in a tiled grid format,[152] which can be rearranged. Throughout the years, for Apple TV Software 5–6, Apple released minor revisions, content additions, and feature updates.

The Apple TV Software 7.0 features a flat look similar to iOS 7 and OS X Yosemite and adds features such as Peer-To-Peer AirPlay.[153] Version 8.0 was skipped.

Apple TV Software 7.2.2 (iOS 8) is currently available for the Apple TV (3rd generation), as of March 2019. It does not support tvOS 9.0 or later. However, it does support Amazon Video, which was automatically added to those Apple TVs running 7.2.2 on December 6, 2017.[49]

In May 2019 Apple TV Software 7.3 (iOS 8.4.2) was released to the public. This update was the first update for the 3rd generation Apple TV since 2016. This update adds the new Apple TV app to the home screen. The Apple TV app brings compatibility to the Apple TV Channels service. This update also fixes some security flaws found in Apple TV Software 7.2.2 and earlier.[154]

On September 24, 2019, Apple TV Software 7.4 (iOS 8.4.3) was released to the public.[155]

On March 24, 2020, Apple TV Software 7.5 (iOS 8.4.4) was released to the public.[156]

HD and 4K[]

See also: tvOS

The Apple TV HD and later run an operating system called tvOS[157] which does not support the earlier generations of Apple TV. It features an app store, allowing third-party app developers to release their own apps on the platform.[158] The new software also features support for Siri voice control. The tvOS software development kit (SDK) for developing tvOS apps is included in Xcode 7.1 and later.[159] A new development feature, App Thinning,[160] is used in the Apple TV, running on tvOS, due to the storage restrictions of the device (32 GB and 64 GB) and the dual-use of the NAND Flash Memory to precache movies from Apple's content servers as well as storage for downloaded applications from the tvOS App Store. Apple's aim is to limit the size of application downloads and steering users toward downloading individual segments of apps in order to better manage storage space. Developers have reacted with criticism toward the download size limits, arguing that it leads to situations where game data is purged and has to be re-downloaded.[160]

Technical specifications[]

Obsolete[161] Vintage Discontinued Current
Models 1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation HD (previously 4th generation) 4K (1st generation) 4K (2nd generation)
Apple TV. 1st generation-2289.jpg Apple TV 2nd Generation.jpg Apple TV 3rd gen front view.jpg 第４世代 AppleTV本体.jpg Apple tv.jpg
Release date(s) January 9, 2007 September 1, 2010 March 7, 2012
(Rev A)
January 28, 2013 		October 30, 2015 September 22, 2017 May 21, 2021
Discontinued September 1, 2010 March 7, 2012 March 10, 2013[162]
(Rev A)
September 8, 2016 		64 GB: September 12, 2017
32 GB: In production 		April 20, 2021 In production
Model number - Model ID -
Order number 		A1218 - AppleTV1,1 -
MA711 		A1378 - AppleTV2,1 -
MC572 		A1427 - AppleTV3,1 - MD199
(Rev A)
A1469 - AppleTV3,2 - MD199 		A1625 - AppleTV5,3 -
MGY52 for 32 GB models
MLNC2 for 64 GB models 		A1842 - AppleTV6,2 -
MQD22 for 32 GB models
MP7P2 for 64 GB models 		A2169 - AppleTV11,1 - MXGY2 for 32 GB models

MXH02 for 64 GB models

Processor 1 GHz Intel "Crofton" Pentium M[163] 1 GHz Apple A4 (ARM Cortex-A8) 1 GHz Apple A5 (single-core ARM Cortex-A9, dual-core with one core locked)
(Rev A.)
1 GHz Apple A5 (ARM Cortex-A9, single-core - redesign from A5 dual-core). 		1.5 GHz dual-core Apple A8 2.38 GHz 6-core Apple A10X Fusion 2.49 GHz 6-core Apple A12
Graphics Nvidia GeForce Go 7300 with 64 MB of VRAM[164] Apple A4 (PowerVR SGX535) Apple A5 (PowerVR SGX543MP2)
(Rev A)
Apple A5 (PowerVR SGX543MP1) 		Apple A8 (PowerVR Series 6XT GX6450) Apple A10X Fusion Apple A12 Bionic
Memory 256 MB of 400 MHz DDR2 SDRAM[165] 256 MB LPDDR2[166] 512 MB LPDDR2[167][unreliable source?] 2 GB LPDDR3[168][169] 3 GB LPDDR4[170]

[171]

Storage 40 or 160 GB integral HDD 8 GB NAND flash for cache[167][172] 32 or 64 GB NAND flash
Peripheral connections
HDMI (unspecified) HDMI 1.4 HDMI 2.0a HDMI 2.1
Component video N/A
Optical audio N/A
USB 2.0 (officially for service use only, though hackers have managed to allow connectivity of hard disks, mice, and keyboards)[173] Micro-USB (reserved for service) USB-C (for service and developer use) Hidden Lightning port inside the Ethernet port (for service use)[174] None [171]
N/A Lightning port to charge Siri Remote
Connectivity
Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b/g and draft-n) (Broadcom BCM94321MC, dual-band, 300 Mbit/s)[175] Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b/g and draft-n) (Broadcom BCM4329, dual-band, 150 Mbit/s)[176][135] Wi-Fi 4 (802.11a/b/g/n) (Broadcom BCM4330, dual-band, 300 Mbit/s)[177] Wi-Fi 5 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac) (dual-band, 867 Mbit/s) Wi-Fi 6 (802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax) + Thread
10/100 Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet
N/A Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR (support for keyboards only)[176] Bluetooth 4.0 (support for keyboards only)[135][178] Bluetooth 4.0 Bluetooth 5
Infrared receiver
Video output
1080p (undefined, following the Version 3.0 software update), 720p 60/50 Hz (NTSC/PAL), 576p 50 Hz (PAL), 480p 60 Hz (NTSC)[179]
over HDMI (HDCP capable) or Component Video (480i 60 Hz is unofficially supported) 		720p, 576p, 480p
over HDMI only (HDCP capable) 		1080p, 720p, 576p, 480p
over HDMI only (HDCP capable) 		2160p, 1080p, 720p, 576p, 480p over HDMI only (HDCP capable)
SDR SDR, HDR10, Dolby Vision
Audio output
Optical audio (48 kHz maximum sample rate), HDMI, RCA analog stereo audio Optical audio (48 kHz fixed sample rate), HDMI HDMI-CEC, AirPlay, Bluetooth
Supports output up to 5.1 channels Supports output up to 7.1 channels Supports output up to 7.1.4 channels (Dolby Atmos)
Power Built-in universal 48 W power supply Built-in universal 6 W power supply Built-in universal 11 W power supply[180] Built-in universal 13 W power supply[170]
Dimensions 1.1 inches (28 mm) (h)
7.7 inches (200 mm) (w)
7.7 inches (200 mm) (d) 		0.9 inches (23 mm) (h)
3.9 inches (99 mm) (w)
3.9 inches (99 mm) (d) 		1.4 inches (36 mm) (h)
3.9 inches (99 mm) (w)
3.9 inches (99 mm) (d)
Weight 2.4 pounds (1.1 kg) 9.2 oz (260 g) 15 oz (430 g)
Included remote Apple Remote (plastic) Apple Remote (aluminum) Siri Remote (first generation) (2015-2021 SKUs)
Siri Remote (second generation) (2021- SKUs) 		Siri Remote (first generation) Siri Remote (second generation)
Initial operating system Apple TV Software 1.0 (modified build of Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger) Apple TV Software 4.0 (based on iOS 4.1) Apple TV Software 5.0 (based on iOS 5.1)
(Rev A)
Apple TV Software 5.2[181] (based on iOS 6.1) 		tvOS 9.0[182] (based on iOS 9)[183] tvOS 11.0 (based on iOS 11) tvOS 14.5 (based on iOS 14.5)
Current operating system Apple TV Software 3.0.2 (modified build of Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger) Apple TV Software 6.2.1 (based on iOS 7.1.2) Apple TV Software 7.7 (based on iOS 8.4.6)[184] tvOS 14.7 (based on iOS 14.7)

Limitations[]

Functionality[]

Apple TV contains neither a TV tuner nor a personal video recorder.[102][110] Both capabilities can be applied to the connected home computer through various third-party products, such as allowing PVR software to connect to iTunes and enable scheduled HDTV recordings to play automatically via Apple TV for playback.[185] Apple TV HD and newer can be linked with Wi-Fi-based tuners such as HDHomeRun.[186]

The Front Row interface lacks some iTunes functionality, including rating items, checking the account balance, adding funds to the account, synchronizing from more than one computer,[187] full Internet radio support,[103][188] and games.[189]

The Movies search box only searches the iTunes Store, not local hard drives and networks.[190]

Movies rented on Apple TV must be watched on Apple TV, unlike iTunes rentals, which can be transferred to any video-enabled iPod, iPhone, or Apple TV.[191][192] Movies purchased on Apple TV can be moved to a video-enabled iPod or iPhone via iTunes.[193]

Apple TV prior to 4th generation (Apple TV HD) does not support the HDMI Consumer Electronics Control (HDMI CEC) protocol.

On the Apple TV (2nd generation), digital output audio is up-sampled to 48 kHz, including lossless CD rips at 44.1 kHz. Although this is a higher frequency and the difference is not audible, it is seen by some as falling short of digital transmission of data standards due to the audio not being 'bit perfect'.[194]

Sales[]

1st generation[]

Within the first week of presales in January 2007, Apple TV was the top pre-selling item at the Apple Store.[195] Orders exceeded 100,000 units by the end of January and Apple began ramping-up to sell over a million units before the 2007 holiday season.[196] Analysts began calling it a "DVD killer"[197] that could enable multiple services. Analysts also predicted that Apple could sell up to 1.5 million units in the first year.[198] Besides the Apple Store, Best Buy was one of the first retailers to carry the device;[199] Target and Costco[200] followed shortly thereafter.

Two months into sales, Forrester Research predicted at the time that Apple would only sell a million Apple TV units, because consumers prefer advertisement-supported content over paid content. Forrester predicted that cable companies would be the clear winners over content providers such as the iTunes Store.[201] Shortly after, Apple released YouTube functionality and Jobs stated that Apple TV was a "DVD player for the Internet". Some market analysts predicted that YouTube on Apple TV "provides a glimpse of this product's potential and its future evolution",[202] but overall, analysts had mixed reactions regarding the future of Apple TV. Some negative reactions followed after Jobs referred to the device as a "hobby", implying it was less significant than the Macintosh, iPod, and iPhone.[203]

In the fourth quarter of 2008, sales were triple that of the fourth quarter of 2007.[204]

In Apple's first-quarter 2009 financial results conference call, acting chief executive Tim Cook stated that Apple TV sales increased three times over the same quarter a year ago. Cook mentioned that the movie rental business was working well for Apple, Apple would continue investment in movie rentals and Apple TV, but Apple TV is still considered a hobby for the company.[204] Due to the growth of digital TV and consumers turning to Internet media services, an analyst at the time predicted sales of 6.6 million Apple TVs by the end of 2009.[22]

2nd generation[]

The second generation sold 250,000 units in the first two weeks it was available. On December 21, 2010, Apple announced that they had sold 1 million units.[205][unreliable source?] In the second fiscal quarter of 2011, it had topped 2 million in total sales, with 820,000 sold in that quarter alone.[206]

On January 24, 2012, Apple announced they had sold 1.4 million units in the first fiscal quarter of 2012,[207] and 2.8 million units in all of fiscal year 2011.[208] (4.2 million units through January 1, 2012).

3rd generation[]

Tim Cook announced at the All Things Digital conference in May 2012 that Apple had sold 2.7 million of the 3rd generation model in 2012.[209]

In the Q4 FY2012 earnings call, Engadget reported comments from Tim Cook that Apple had shipped 1.3 million Apple TV units in the 4th Quarter (presumed to be 3rd generation).[210]

MacObserver reported statements by Tim Cook in the Q1 FY2013 earnings call that Apple sold over 2 million Apple TV units in the December Quarter (presumed to be 3rd generation).[211][unreliable source?]

These reports lead to a cumulative volume of the 3rd generation device of 6 million units, as of January 1, 2013.[citation needed]

On February 28, 2014, at Apple's shareholders meeting, Apple CEO Tim Cook announced that in 2013 Apple TV brought in 1 billion dollars of revenue for Apple.[212]

A market survey published by Parks Associates in December 2014 found that Apple TV has lost consumer traction to Google Chromecast, garnering only a 17% market share.[213]

Tim Cook announced at the Apple Watch conference on March 9, 2015, that Apple had sold a total of 25 million Apple TVs up to that point.[214]

HD and later[]

In the January 27, 2016, Apple earnings call, CEO Tim Cook stated that the Apple TV had record sales. However, no specific sales figures were mentioned; Apple TV is included in an "Other products" category, which also includes the Apple Watch, iPods, and Beats products, and is not broken down by individual products.[215] In June 2019 it was estimated that there are 53 million units of all generations in use worldwide.[216]

In 2019, Apple analyst John Gruber stated the Apple TV sells at a low profit margin or a loss, saying units are effectively sold at cost.[217]

See also[]

  • Comparison of set-top boxes
  • Mac Mini, which originally featured the Front Row application, a similar remote 10-foot user interface as the Apple TV

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Footnotes

  1. ^ Supports up to two-channel stereo unless otherwise noted.

External links[]

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