Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus

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Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus
Virus classification e
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family: Peribunyaviridae
Genus: Orthobunyavirus
Species:
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus
Isolates[1]
  • Batai virus
  • Cache Valley virus
  • Maguari virus
  • Tensaw virus
Synonyms[2]

Bunyamwera virus

Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus (BUNV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded enveloped RNA virus. It is assigned to the Orthobunyavirus genus, in the Bunyavirales order.

Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus can infect both humans and Aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito).[3]

It is named for Bunyamwera, a town in western Uganda, where it was isolated in 1943. Reassortant viruses derived from Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus, such as , have been associated with large outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever in Kenya and Somalia.[4][5][6]

Molecular biology[]

Genome of Bunyamwera virus

The genetic structure of Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus is typical for Bunyavirales viruses, which are an order of enveloped negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome split into three parts—Small (S), Middle (M), and Large (L). The L RNA segment encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L protein), the M RNA segment encodes two surface glycoproteins (Gc and Gn) and a nonstructural protein (NSm), while the S RNA segment encodes a nucleocapsid protein (N) and, in an alternative overlapping reading frame, a second nonstructural protein (NSs).[7] The genomic RNA segments are encapsidated by copies of the N protein in the form of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes.[8] The N protein is the most abundant protein in virus particles and infected cells and, therefore, the main target in many serological and molecular diagnostics.[9][10]

Disease in humans[]

Bunyamwera fever
SpecialtyInfectious disease

In humans, Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus causes Bunyamwera fever.

References[]

  1. ^ "ICTV 9th Report (2011) Bunyaviridae" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 31 January 2019. Bunya: from Bunyamwera, place in Uganda, where type virus was isolated.
  2. ^ "ICTV Taxonomy history: Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 31 January 2019.
  3. ^ "Bunyamwera virus (BUNV)".
  4. ^ Gerrard SR, Li L, Barrett AD, Nichol ST (2004). "Ngari virus is a Bunyamwera virus reassortant that can be associated with large outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever in Africa". J Virol. 78 (16): 8922–6. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.16.8922-8926.2004. PMC 479050. PMID 15280501.
  5. ^ Odhiambo C, Venter M, Limbaso K, Swanepoel R, Sang R (2014). "Genome sequence analysis of in vitro and in vivo phenotypes of Bunyamwera and Ngari virus isolates from northern Kenya". PLOS ONE. 9 (8): e105446. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j5446O. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105446. PMC 4143288. PMID 25153316.
  6. ^ Briese, T.; Bird, B.; Kapoor, V.; Nichol, S. T.; Lipkin, W. I. (12 May 2006). "Batai and Ngari Viruses: M Segment Reassortment and Association with Severe Febrile Disease Outbreaks in East Africa". Journal of Virology. 80 (11): 5627–5630. doi:10.1128/JVI.02448-05. PMC 1472162. PMID 16699043.
  7. ^ Plyusnin, Alexander; Elliott, Richard M (2011-01-01). Bunyaviridae: molecular and cellular biology. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press. ISBN 9781904455905. OCLC 711044654.
  8. ^ Ariza, Antonio; Tanner, Sian J.; Walter, Cheryl T.; Dent, Kyle C.; Shepherd, Dale A.; Wu, Weining; Matthews, Susan V.; Hiscox, Julian A.; Green, Todd J. (2013-06-01). "Nucleocapsid protein structures from orthobunyaviruses reveal insight into ribonucleoprotein architecture and RNA polymerization". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (11): 5912–5926. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt268. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 3675483. PMID 23595147.
  9. ^ Bilk, S.; Schulze, C.; Fischer, M.; Beer, M.; Hlinak, A.; Hoffmann, B. (2012-09-14). "Organ distribution of Schmallenberg virus RNA in malformed newborns". Veterinary Microbiology. 159 (1–2): 236–238. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.035. PMID 22516190.
  10. ^ Bréard, Emmanuel; Lara, Estelle; Comtet, Loïc; Viarouge, Cyril; Doceul, Virginie; Desprat, Alexandra; Vitour, Damien; Pozzi, Nathalie; Cay, Ann Brigitte (2013-01-15). "Validation of a Commercially Available Indirect Elisa Using a Nucleocapside Recombinant Protein for Detection of Schmallenberg Virus Antibodies". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e53446. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...853446B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053446. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3546048. PMID 23335964.

External links[]

Classification


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