County Wicklow

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

County Wicklow

Contae Chill Mhantáin
Coat of arms of County Wicklow
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): 
The Garden of Ireland
Motto(s): 
Meanma Saor  (Irish)
"Free Spirits"
Location of County Wicklow
CountryIreland
ProvinceLeinster
Dáil ÉireannWicklow
EU ParliamentSouth
Established1606[1]
County townWicklow
Government
 • TypeCounty Council
Area
 • Total2,027 km2 (783 sq mi)
Area rank17th
Highest elevation925 m (3,035 ft)
Population
 (2016)[3]
 • Total142,425
 • Rank16th
 • Density70/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC±0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST)
Eircode routing keys
A63, A67, A98 (primarily)
Telephone area codes01, 0402, 0404 (primarily)
Vehicle index
mark code		WW
Websitewww.wicklow.ie

County Wicklow (/ˈwɪkloʊ/ WIK-loh; Irish: Contae Chill Mhantáin [ˈkɔn̪ˠt̪ˠeː ˌçiːl̠ʲ ˈwan̪ˠt̪ˠaːnʲ]) is a county in Ireland. The last of the traditional 32 counties, having been formed as late as 1606, it is part of the Mid-East Region and the traditional province of Leinster. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the east and the counties of Wexford to the south, Carlow to the southwest, Kildare to the west, and Dublin to the north. It is named after its county town of Wicklow, which derives from the name Víkingaló (Old Norse for "Vikings' Meadow"). Wicklow County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 142,425 at the 2016 census.[3] Colloquially known as the "Garden of Ireland",[4] it is the 17th largest of Ireland's 32 counties by area[5] and the 16th largest by population.[6] It is also the fourth largest of Leinster's 12 counties by size and the fifth largest in terms of population.

Demographics[]

Foreign population[]

Main immigrant groups, 2016[7]
Nationality Population
 United Kingdom 8,389
 Poland 2,759
 United States 849
 Lithuania 767
 Philippines 644
 Romania 624
 India 498
 Germany 458
 China 362
 Spain 336

Urban areas[]

See also: List of townlands of County Wicklow
Biggest settlements by population
Rank Municipal District Settlement population Municipal District population
1. Bray Bray Mun. District 32,600 35,531
2. Greystones Greystones Mun. District 18,140 26,323
3. Arklow Arklow Mun. District 14,353 26,185
4. Wicklow Town Wicklow Mun. District 10,584 28,219
5. Blessington Baltinglass Mun. District 5,520 26,167

Geography[]

Further information: Wicklow Mountains, Wicklow Mountains National Park, and Wicklow Way
Topographic map of County Wicklow
The Wicklow Mountains occupy the whole of central Wicklow

Location[]

Wicklow is part of the Mid-East Region of Ireland, within the province of Leinster. It is bounded by four counties, Dublin to the north; Kildare and Carlow to the west; Wexford to the south; and the Irish sea to the east. Wicklow is the 17th largest of Ireland's 32 traditional counties by land area, and the 16th most populous. It is the fourth largest of Leinster's 12 counties by size and the fifth most populous. The county is named after the town of Wicklow, located approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Dublin, the capital city of Ireland.

The Wicklow Mountains are Ireland's largest continuous upland area and occupy a significant portion of the county, spanning the entire centre of Wicklow and stretching into Dublin and Wexford at their southern and northern fringes. Lugnaquilla, at 925 metres (3,035 ft) above sea level, is the tallest peak in the range, the highest mountain in Ireland outside of County Kerry, and Ireland's 13th-highest mountain overall.[14] The Wicklow Mountains National Park, located in the middle of the county, is a dedicated protected area covering 205 square kilometres (50,657 acres), making it the largest national park in Ireland.[15] The Wicklow Way was the first long-distance trail in the State, and crosses the range for 131 kilometres (81 mi).[16]

Geology[]

The Wicklow Mountains are centred on the Leinster batholith and are primarily composed of granite surrounded by an envelope of mica-schist and much older rocks such as quartzite. Covering 1,500 square kilometres (580 sq mi), the Leinster batholith is the most expansive mass of intrusive igneous rock in Ireland or Britain.[17] The oldest rocks in the county are the quartzites of the Bray Group that include Bray Head and the Little Sugar Loaf and Great Sugar Loaf mountains.[18] These metamorphosed from sandstone deposited in the deep waters of the primeval Iapetus Ocean during the Cambrian period (542-488 million years ago).[19]

As with much of Ireland, Wicklow's terrain was sculpted by successive periods of glaciation during the quaternary. Weathering and erosion by ice carved out long valleys known as glens (from the Irish gleann) such as Glenmacnass, Glen of the Downs, Glenmalure, Glen of Imaal, Glencree and Glendalough. The Irish Sea Ice-Sheet began to retreat shortly after the Last Glacial Maximum ca. 20,000-23,000 years ago but significant ice masses persisted in the Wicklow Mountains for another 4,000-7,000 years.[20]

Hydrology[]

Powerscourt Waterfall, the second highest in Ireland
The Poulaphouca Reservoir near Blessington is Ireland's largest artificial lake

Major rivers include the 132-kilometre (82.0 mi) River Liffey, Ireland's 8th-longest river, which rises near Tonduff mountain and flows through the centre of Dublin City, reaching the Irish Sea at Dublin Bay.[21] Its biggest tributary by volume, the River Dodder, rises along the northern slope of Kippure in the far north of the county, while the Kings River joins at Blessington Lakes. Multiple other Liffey tributaries flow within the county.[21]

The 117.5-kilometre (73.0 mi) River Slaney, which starts at Lugnaquilla, flows west and then south before reaching St George's Channel at Wexford town.[22] The Avonmore and Avonbeg rivers join to form the Avoca River at the Meeting of the Waters in the Vale of Avoca.[23] The River Derreen in the south of the county defines a section of the border with Carlow.

Most of the county's lakes (or loughs) are glacially derived ribbon and corrie lakes found in scenic trough valleys surrounded by mountains, making them popular with tourists.[24] Notable lakes in the county include Glendalough Upper Lake, Lough Tay ('The Guinness Lake'), Lough Ouler ('The Heart-shaped Lake'), Lough Bray (Upper and Lower), Lough Dan and Lough Nahanagan.

Poulaphouca Reservoir is the largest of Wicklow's lakes, covering 2,226 hectares (5,500 acres) in the west of the county.[25] It is the largest artificial lake in Ireland and was created following the damming of the River Liffey at Poulaphouca in 1940. The village of Ballinahown was completed submerged by the reservoir and its 70 families were relocated. Ruins of the old village including buildings, fences and farm machinery can be seen during droughts when water levels in the reservoir diminish.[26] The lower Vartry Reservoir, constructed between 1862 and 1868, is the county's second largest lake.

Coast[]

Beach at Brittas Bay. The county is a popular seaside destination

Wicklow has a relatively short coastline, at 64 kilometres (40 mi) in length.[27] Wicklow's coastline is mostly straight, with few sizable bays or inlets and no offshore islands, giving it a shorter coastline than smaller counties like Louth and Dublin. Wicklow Head is the county's most prominent coastal headland, and is also the most easterly mainland point of the Republic of Ireland.[28] Wicklow's east coast is a popular domestic summer holiday destination, and the county has numerous beaches including Brittas Bay, Clogga Beach, The Cove, Silver Strand Beach, Sallymount Bay Beach, Ennereilly Beach, Newcastle Beach, Arklow North and South Beaches, Greystones North and South Beaches, Bray Beach, Magheramore Beach and Porter's Rock Beach.

Forest[]

The county has roughly 36,300 hectares (90,000 acres) of wooded area, the 8th highest total forest cover in Ireland. In terms of forest cover as a proportion of land area, Wicklow ranks second in the country, at 17.9%.[29] Known as the "Garden of Ireland", Wicklow was historically the county with the highest percentage of woodlands. The 2017 National Forestry Inventory revealed that County Leitrim had overtaken it for the first time. Wicklow is in a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome, although the majority of Wicklow's forests are commercial conifers. The economic tree line in the region is around 400 metres (1,300 ft), above which hill farming and blanket bog dominates.[30]

Urban development[]

In terms of urban development, Wicklow County Council imposes the most stringent planning restrictions in Ireland. In order to build a house outside of the main towns, a person must be "born and bred in the area, or have lived there for a period of 10 years" and must also demonstrate that the house is for their own housing needs, rather than for resale. Further, potential buyers in rural areas must be approved by the council before the homeowner is allowed to sell to them. The primary justification for these restrictions is to avoid one-off housing or other poorly planned developments which could put a strain on the county's infrastructure and degrade its natural environment.[31]

Climate data for Ashford, Co. Wicklow (1999-2020), 12 mAOD
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.8
(64.0) 		17.4
(63.3) 		19.6
(67.3) 		20.4
(68.7) 		24.1
(75.4) 		27.0
(80.6) 		29.2
(84.6) 		27.1
(80.8) 		25.3
(77.5) 		21.6
(70.9) 		18.5
(65.3) 		16.4
(61.5) 		29.2
(84.6)
Average high °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		9.4
(48.9) 		11.2
(52.2) 		12.8
(55.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		18.7
(65.7) 		20.4
(68.7) 		19.8
(67.6) 		18.1
(64.6) 		14.9
(58.8) 		11.6
(52.9) 		9.6
(49.3) 		14.3
(57.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 6.1
(43.0) 		6.1
(43.0) 		7.1
(44.8) 		8.8
(47.8) 		11.4
(52.5) 		14.0
(57.2) 		15.6
(60.1) 		15.5
(59.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		11.3
(52.3) 		8.2
(46.8) 		6.4
(43.5) 		10.4
(50.7)
Average low °C (°F) 2.9
(37.2) 		2.8
(37.0) 		3.4
(38.1) 		4.7
(40.5) 		6.9
(44.4) 		9.5
(49.1) 		11.3
(52.3) 		11.2
(52.2) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.4
(45.3) 		4.8
(40.6) 		3.1
(37.6) 		6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F) −7.1
(19.2) 		−5.4
(22.3) 		−6.6
(20.1) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		1.8
(35.2) 		4.6
(40.3) 		4.3
(39.7) 		1.9
(35.4) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		−6.8
(19.8) 		−7.1
(19.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 86
(3.4) 		61.8
(2.43) 		63.6
(2.50) 		60.7
(2.39) 		65.8
(2.59) 		72.1
(2.84) 		67
(2.6) 		69.8
(2.75) 		72.1
(2.84) 		118.9
(4.68) 		110.9
(4.37) 		85.6
(3.37) 		935
(36.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 14 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 9 13 13 11 129
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.0 83.2 136.8 180.4 204.0 197.7 171.0 158.5 135.9 103.3 77.7 65.9 1,582.4
Source 1: Met Éireann[32]
Source 2: Ashford Weather Station[33]

Climate[]

On average, Wicklow receives more snowfall than any other county
Autumn leaves at Upper Lake

The climate of Wicklow is temperate oceanic (Köppen climate classification Cfb in most areas, and Cfc oceanic subpolar in some highland areas), with cool, humid summers, and mild, wet winters. The climate of the eastern portion of the county is moderated by the Irish sea and averages milder winters and cooler summers, while the western inland portion along the Kildare border experiences warmer summers and colder winters. The county's upland interior experiences significantly lower temperatures and higher rainfall year round.[34] Snow typically falls from December to March, but most low-lying and coastal areas see only a few days of lying snow per year, or may see no snow at all during some winters. The Wicklow Mountains region is the snowiest part of Ireland and can experience 50 or more days of snowfall each year.

The county experiences a narrow annual temperature range. Typical daytime highs range from 17–22 °C (63–72 °F) throughout the county in July and August, with overnight lows in the 11–14 °C (52–57 °F) range, although temperatures in the mountains can be 5–10 °C (41–50 °F) lower.[35] Mean January temperatures range from 7 °C (45 °F) on the coast to 0 °C (32 °F) at high elevations.[36] Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, although the wettest months (October and November) receive roughly twice as much rain as the driest months (February, March and April). The driest area of Wicklow is the northeast corner of the county, which is protected from the prevailing south-westerly winds by the Wicklow Mountains and receives around 750 mm (30 in) of rainfall per year.[37] The coastal region of County Dublin immediately to the north is the driest location in all of Ireland as a result of the rain shadow created by the mountains.[38]

Easterly winds can occur between February and May, and are often associated with extreme snowfall events such as the 2018 "Beast from the East" and the "Big Snow of 1947".[39] Much of Wicklow is very vulnerable to heavy snowfall and the county is typically the hardest hit by such events, with some areas recording over 2 feet (61 cm) of snow.[40] During the winter of 1947, residents of Rathdrum called upon the Irish Red Cross to drop them food parcels by plane as the village had been inaccessible by road for over a month due to heavy snow.[41]

Wicklow is occasionally affected by hurricanes, although they are usually extratropical storms by the time they reach Ireland. On 24 August 1986, during Hurricane Charley, 280 mm (11 in) of rain fell over a 24-hour period at Kippure on the Wicklow-Dublin border, the greatest daily rainfall total ever recorded in Ireland.[42] The hurricane caused severe flooding and up to 1,000 homes had to be evacuated in Bray alone.[43] Other major floods in Wicklow which resulted in loss of life occurred in 1886-87, 1931, 1965 and 2011.[44]

Hiking waymakers, such as this one for Saint Kevin's Way, dot the Wicklow landscape

Subdivisions[]

Baronies[]

There are eight historic baronies in the county.[45] While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units". The largest barony in Wicklow is Lower Talbotstown, at 88,704 acres (359 km2), and the smallest barony is Rathdown, at 33,463 acres (135 km2).

Townlands[]

Main article: List of townlands of County Wicklow

Towns and villages[]

Economy[]

Built environment[]

Wicklow is home to several major water supply and hydroelectric facilities. The Turlough Hill pumped-storage scheme, a significant civil engineering project, was carried out in the mountains in the 1960s and 1970s.

Leisure and tourism[]

Wicklow, often called "The Garden of Ireland", has been a popular tourist destination for many years, due to its scenery, beaches, walking, hiking and climbing options, and attractions including the ruins of the monastic city of Glendalough, Wicklow Gaol and water-based activities on reservoirs and the coast.

The Wicklow Way is the oldest waymarked long-distance walking trail in Ireland.

The popular annual mass participation bike ride Wicklow 200 has taken place in the county every year since 1982.[46][circular reference]

History[]

Saint Kevin's monastery at Glendalough.

County Wicklow was the last of the traditional counties of Ireland to be shired in 1606 from land previously part of counties Dublin and Carlow. Established as a distinct county, it was aimed at controlling local groups such as the O'Byrnes. The Military Road, stretching from Rathfarnham to Aghavannagh crosses the mountains, north to south, was built by the British Army to assist them in defeating the rebels still active in the Wicklow Mountains following the failed 1798 rebellion.[47] It provided them with access to an area that had been a hotbed of Irish rebellion for centuries. Several barracks to house the soldiers were built along the route and the Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation was built alongside the remains of barracks there. Battalions of the Irish Army use firing ranges in County Wicklow for tactical exercises, especially the largest one in the Glen of Imaal which was previously used by the British Army prior to independence.

The ancient monastery of Glendalough is located in County Wicklow. During the Cromwellian invasion of Ireland, local authorities immediately surrendered without a fight. During the 1798 rebellion, some of the insurgents took refuge in the Wicklow Mountains, resulting in clashes between British troops and the troops commanded by General Joseph Holt (1756–1826) near Aughrim and later at Arklow.

The boundaries of the county were extended in 1957 by the Local Government Act[48] which "detached lands from the County of Dublin and from the jurisdiction and powers of the Council of the County of Dublin" near Bray and added them to the County of Wicklow.

Local government and politics[]

Main article: Wicklow County Council

The local government authority is Wicklow County Council which returns 32 councillors from five municipal districts (Arklow, Baltinglass, Bray, Greystones, Wicklow). All of the previous Town Councils (Arklow, Bray, Greystones, Wicklow) were abolished under a new Local Government Act at the 2014 Local Elections. For elections to Dáil Éireann, the entire county is included in the Wicklow constituency along with some eastern parts of County Carlow. The constituency returns five TDs to the Dáil.

Dáil Éireann deputies[]

TD Party
John Brady Sinn Féin
Jennifer Whitmore Social Democrats
Simon Harris Fine Gael
Stephen Donnelly Fianna Fáil
Steven Matthews Green Party

County Council councillors[]

Political Party Members
Fine Gael 8
Fianna Fáil 7
Sinn Féin 6
Green Party 1
Others 10

Culture[]

Surrounding area west of Bray.

Mermaid, County Wicklow Arts Centre is based in Bray. Mermaid is the county's hub of artistic activity and creation, offering a programme in many art forms: visual arts, theatre productions, opera, dance performances, arthouse cinema, comedy and a music programme.[49] Two of the county's festivals take place in Arklow, the Arklow Music Festival and the Arklow Seabreeze Festival.

The county is a popular film-making location in Ireland. Bray is home to Ardmore Studios, where many of Ireland's best known feature films, including Rawhead Rex John Boorman's Excalibur and Zardoz, Jim Sheridan's Oscar-winning In the Name of the Father, and several Neil Jordan films, have been shot. The BBC series Ballykissangel was also filmed in County Wicklow. Scenes from the movie P.S. I Love You were shot in the Wicklow Mountains National Park while several scenes from other movies, from Barry Lyndon to Haywire, have been filmed in the county.[50]

Media[]

  • Local newspapers include The Bray People, Wicklow Times and Wicklow People.
  • WicklowNews.net is a popular news website in the county. See Wicklow News.
  • The local radio station in Wicklow is East Coast FM. In 2010, Radio Nova became the second local radio service to be licensed for North Wicklow. The station broadcasts to Bray, Greystones, Kilmacanogue, Enniskerry and Blessington, in addition to Dublin, North Kildare and South Meath. It broadcasts to North Wicklow on 95.7 from Bray Head and 100.3 FM. also broadcasts in parts of South and West Wicklow towns and villages such as Arklow, Tinahely, Shiellagh, Baltinglass, Kiltegan and Carnew where the borders of Wexford and Carlow meet.

Filming locations[]

The set for Kattegat for the Vikings TV series, Ashford Studios

Much of the television series Vikings, (Amazon Prime), was filmed at Ashford Studios in the county, particularly scenes that required a green screen for subsequent CGI work. Some on-location filming was done elsewhere in the county. For example, certain scenes for Vikings (season 6) were filmed at and Powerscourt Waterfall and Powerscourt Estate and in Lough Tay. Ashford Studios was also the base for production of this final season.[51][52] The spinoff from the series, Vikings: Valhalla (Netflix), will also be based at the Studios.[53]

From 2016 to 2018, most of Into the Badlands (TV series) was filmed in County Wicklow.[54]   [55]

Another series, Fate: The Winx Saga, announced by Netflix in 2019, was also scheduled to shoot in the county, and would also be based at Ashford Studios.[56]

Places of interest[]

See also: List of National Monuments in County Wicklow

Twinning[]

County Wicklow is twinned with Würzburg, Germany and Seminole County, Florida, USA.[57]

See also[]

References[]

Citations[]

  1. ^ "'Geographical loyalty'? Counties, palatinates, boroughs and ridings". 6 March 2013.
  2. ^ "Stats Facts about your County - Wicklow". cso.ie. Central Statistics Office. Archived from the original on 14 November 2011. Area (Source: Ordnance Survey) / 202,662 Hectares
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Census 2016 Sapmap Area: County Wicklow". Central Statistics Office (Ireland). Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  4. ^ "Index of /". www.gardenexhibition.ie. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  5. ^ Wright, G. N. (1822). A Guide to the County of Wicklow. London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. p. v.
  6. ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186–191. ISBN 0-340-89695-7.
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  8. ^ For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.
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  14. ^ MountainViews: Lugnaquilla
  15. ^ "Wicklow Mountains National Park". IE: wicklowmountainsnationalpark.ie. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  16. ^ "Glendalough, things to do - Hiking/Walking". Glendalough Official Website. IE: glendalough.ie. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  17. ^ "Multiple intrusive phases in the Leinster Batholith, Ireland: geochronology, isotope geochemistry and constraints on the deformation history". Journal of the Geological Society. UK: Geological Society of London. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  18. ^ Holland 2003, p. 22.
  19. ^ Jackson, Parkes & Simms 2010, p. 142.
  20. ^ Tomkins et al. 2017, p. 6.
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b The Rivers and Streams of the Dublin Region. 2018. pp. 33–35. ISBN 9780956636386.
  22. ^ South Eastern River Basin District Management System. Page 38 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ "South Eastern River Basin District Management System Initial Characterisation Report: Physical Description" (PDF). South Eastern River Basin District. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  24. ^ "Lough Tay – The Guinness Lake". Visit Wicklow. visitwicklow.ie. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  25. ^ "Liffey Reservoir Bill, 1936—Second Stage". Government of Ireland. IE: oireachtas.ie. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  26. ^ "Memories come flooding back". Wicklow People. independent.ie. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  27. ^ "The Relative Lengths of Seashore Substrata Around the Coastline of Ireland as Determined by Digital Methods in a Geographical Information System". Environmental Sciences Unit, Trinity College, Dublin. 22 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  28. ^ Winn, Christopher (2015). I Never Knew That about the Irish. Random House. p. 145. ISBN 9780091960254.
  29. ^ "National Forestry Inventory, Third Cycle 2017" (PDF). DAFM.
  30. ^ "A Guide to Forest Tree Species Selection and Silviculture in Ireland" (PDF). Council for Forest Research and Development.
  31. ^ "Planning headaches in Co Wicklow". The Irish Times. 16 April 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
  32. ^ "Historical Data - Ashford (Glanmore Gardens)".
  33. ^ "Wicklow Weather". Ashford Weather Station.
  34. ^ "Wicklow Mountains National Park - Weather". wicklowmountainsnationalpark.ie. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  35. ^ "Wicklow Mountains National Park - Weather". wicklowmountainsnationalpark.ie. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  36. ^ "The Current Irish Climatology and the Long Term Average (LTA)". met.ie. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  37. ^ "Climate of Ireland - Rainfall". met.ie. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  38. ^ "Climatology details for station DUBLIN (RINGSEND), IRELAND and index RR: Precipitation sum". European Climate Assessment & Dataset. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
  39. ^ "Climate of Ireland - Wind". met.ie. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  40. ^ "When the Beast from the East came to Wicklow". wicklownews.net. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  41. ^ "Big Snow 1947: Death, isolation and entire towns snowed in". The Irish Times. 2 March 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  42. ^ "Hurricane Charley: storm that travelled from the US to Ireland". The Irish Times. 31 December 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  43. ^ "Bray Worst Hit by Hurricane Charley". RTE. 25 August 1986. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  44. ^ "Garda who died in floods laid to rest". The Irish Times. 29 October 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  45. ^ Placenames Database of Ireland - Baronies.
  46. ^ Wicklow 200
  47. ^ See Philip Smith (writer), An Introduction to the Architectural Heritage of County Wicklow. Dublin: / Government of Ireland, Department of the Environment, Heritage, and Local Government, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage, 2004.
  48. ^ (eISB), electronic Irish Statute Book. "electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB)". www.irishstatutebook.ie. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  49. ^ "About Us". Mermaid Arts Centre. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  50. ^ "Film History". Wicklow Film Office – Wicklow Local Enterprise Office. 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  51. ^ "Vikings Season 6 Filming Locations Guide: Where is Vikings filmed?". Atlas of Wonders. 10 October 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  52. ^ "Vikings season 6 location: Where is Vikings filmed? Where is it set?". The Express. 5 December 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  53. ^ "On-demand giant commissions new version of TV saga made in Ashford Studios". The Irish Times. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  54. ^ "Where is into the Badlands filmed?". Atlas of Wonders. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  55. ^ "'Into the Badlands' Confirmed for Shoot in Ireland". IFTN. 29 July 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  56. ^ "Netflix announce Vikings spin-off series which will be filmed in Ashford, Co. Wicklow". Irish Mirror. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  57. ^ "Town Twinning". Wicklow County Council. 2017. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

Sources[]

  • Holland, Charles Hepworth (2003). The Irish Landscape: A Scenery to Celebrate. Edinburgh, Scotland: Dunedin Academic Press. ISBN 1-903765-20-X.
  • Jackson, Patrick N. Wyse; Parkes, Matthew; Simms, Mike (2010). Geology of Ireland: County by County. Dublin, Ireland: Department of Geology, Trinity College Dublin. ISBN 978-0-9521066-8-5.
  • Tomkins, Matt; Dortch, Jason; Tonkin, Tony; Barr, Iestyn (2017). "Timing of glacial retreat in the Wicklow Mountains, Ireland, conditioned by glacier size and topography" (PDF). Journal of Quaternary Science. Dublin, Ireland: Journal of Quaternary Sciences. 33 (6): 611–623. doi:10.1002/jqs.3040.

External links[]

Coordinates: 53°00′N 6°25′W / 53.000°N 6.417°W / 53.000; -6.417

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