Kuṇḍali

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Amṛtakuṇḍalin
Yuan Dynasty (元) statue of Kundali (軍荼利明王; 军荼利明王; Juntuli Mingwang) one out of two Wisdom Kings, or vidyaraja (明王; Mingwang), in Fusheng Temple (福勝寺; 福胜寺), Yuncheng, Shanxi, China Picture 3.jpg
Yuan Dynasty statue of Kundali (Jūntúlì Míngwáng) at Fusheng Temple in Yuncheng, Shanxi, China
Sanskrit
  • अमृतकुण्डलिन् (Amṛtakuṇḍalin)
  • अमृतकुण्डलि (Amṛtakuṇḍali)
  • कुण्डलि (Kuṇḍali)
Chinese
  • (Traditional) 軍荼利明王
  • (Simplified) 军荼利明王
  • (Pinyin: Jūntúlì Míngwáng)
Japanese
  • 軍荼利明王 (Gundari Myōō)
  • 甘露軍荼利明王 (Kanro Gundari Myōō)
  • 軍荼利夜叉明王 (Gundari Yasha Myōō)
  • 大咲明王 (Taishō Myōō)
  • 吉利吉利明王 (Kirikiri Myōō)
Korean군다리명왕 (Gundali Myeongwang)
Information
Venerated byVajrayana Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism, Shugendō
Attributesvajra, axe, wheel, trident, snake
P religion world.svg Religion portal

Kundali (Sanskrit: कुण्डलि; IAST: Kuṇḍali) or Amritakundalin (अमृतकुण्डलिन्, Amṛtakuṇḍalin), also known in Chinese as Juntuli Mingwang (simplified Chinese: 军荼利明王; traditional Chinese: 軍荼利明王; pinyin: Jūntúlì Míngwáng) and in Japanese as Gundari Myōō (軍荼利明王), is a wrathful deity and dharmapala (protector of the Dharma) in East Asian Esoteric Buddhism.

In Buddhist thought, Amritakundalin is seen as the dispenser of Amrita, the celestial nectar of immortality.[1][2][3] When classified among the Five Wisdom Kings (vidyārāja), fierce incarnations or emissaries of the Five Wisdom Buddhas, he is considered to be the manifestation of Ratnasambhava, one of the five buddhas who is associated with the southern direction.[1][4] When classified among the Eight Wisdom Kings, he is considered to be the manifestation of the bodhisattva Akashagarbha and is associated with the north-west direction.[5] When classified among the Ten Wisdom Kings, he is considered to be the manifestation of Amitabha, another of the Five Wisdom Buddhas.[6][7]

Worship[]

Bīja and mantra[]

huṃ (हुं), Kundali's seed syllable in Siddham script

The bīja or seed syllable used to represent Kundali is huṃ (Devanagari: हुं; Chinese: 吽, pinyin: hōng; rōmaji: un), written in Siddham script.

Kundali's mantra is as follows:

Sanskrit (romanized) Traditional Chinese Pinyin Hiragana Japanese (romanized)
Oṃ amṛte hūṃ phaṭ 唵 婀密哩帝 吽 頗吒 Ǎn ēmìlīdì hōng pōzhā おん あみりてい うん はった[8] On amiritei un hatta[8]

See also[]

References[]

Citations[]

  1. ^ a b Hackin (1932), pp. 428.
  2. ^ Frédéric (2002), pp. 268.
  3. ^ Van Hartingsveldt, Michael (2018-09-21). "With the Wrath of a Serpent: The Propagation of Gundari Myо̄о̄ Iconography". Buddhistdoor Global. Retrieved 2021-09-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ "Myō-ō". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-09-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Howard, Angela F. (March 1999). "The Eight Brilliant Kings of Wisdom of Southwest China". Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics. 35: 92–107. doi:10.1086/RESv35n1ms20167019. ISSN 0277-1322. S2CID 164236937.
  6. ^ "Descent of the Deities: The Water-Land Retreat and the Transformation of the Visual Culture of Song-Dynasty (960-1279) Buddhism - ProQuest". www.proquest.com. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
  7. ^ "The Water -Land Dharma Function Platform ritual and the Great Compassion Repentance ritual - ProQuest". www.proquest.com. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
  8. ^ a b Kodama (2017), pp. 115.

Works cited[]

External links[]

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