List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Harvard University
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This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with Harvard University comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of Harvard University who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]
As of October 2020, 161 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Harvard University. Among the 161 laureates, 113 are Nobel laureates in natural sciences;[a] 80 are Harvard alumni (graduates and attendees) and 55 have been long-term academic members of the Harvard faculty or Harvard-affiliated research organizations; and subject-wise, 43 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, more than any other subject.[b] This list considers Nobel laureates as equal individuals and does not consider their various prize shares or if they received the prize more than once.[3] In particular, John Bardeen received two Nobel Prizes in Physics, in 1956 and in 1972; since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.[4]
Inclusion criteria[]
General rules[]
The affiliations of Harvard University in this list include all the official academic affiliations such as official academic employment and degree programs of the university. The official academic affiliations include alumni (graduates and attendees), long-term faculty members, and short-term academic staff.
Graduates are defined as those who hold bachelor's, master's, doctorate, or equivalent degrees from Harvard University, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Harvard, but did not complete the degree program or obtain a formal degree. Honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. Those who hold certificates or studied as non-degree students at Harvard are also excluded.
The long-term faculty members consist of tenure or tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while short-term academic staff consist of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors or scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At Harvard University, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.
Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching or research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award or honor-based visiting positions, to minimize controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching or research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. To be specific, visiting positions such as the "Morris Loeb Short-term Lectureship" (M.L.S Lecturer), "Lee Historical Lectureship", "Charles Eliot Norton Professorship" and "Robert B. Woodward Visiting Professorship" at Harvard are awards or honors or recognition without employment-level duty, and thus are excluded from this list. On the other hand, "Morris Loeb Long-term Lectureship" (M.L.L Lecturer) carries teaching duty, and thus are included.[5][6][7] In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at Harvard is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years; the same rule applies to Harvard Extension School.
Name | Nobel Prize | Year | Role in Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
Stefan W. Hell | Chemistry | 2014 | Robert Burns Woodward Visiting Scholar (2006)[8] |
William Moerner | Chemistry | 2014 | Robert Burns Woodward Visiting Professor, Department of Chemistry (1997–1998)[9] |
Eric Cornell | Physics | 2001 | Teaching Fellow at Harvard Extension School (1989)[10] |
Shimon Peres | Peace | 1994 | Attended a 4-month Advanced Management Program (non-degree) at Harvard Business School[11][12][13] |
Wolfgang Paul | Physics | 1989 | Morris Loeb lecturer (1970)[14][15] |
John Vane | Physiology or Medicine | 1982 | Visiting Professor (1979)[16] |
Gerald Edelman | Physiology or Medicine | 1972 | Visiting Professor (1965)[17] |
Albert Szent-Györgyi | Physiology or Medicine | 1937 | Visitor, delivered three public lectures in 1935[18][19] |
Eugene O'Neill | Literature | 1936 | Special student (1914–1915)[20][21] |
Affiliated organizations[]
This list does not include Nobel-winning organizations or any individuals affiliated with those organizations. It also doesn't include affiliates of institutions that later merged and became part of Harvard University. In particular, Nobel laureates who were affiliates of Radcliffe College are not included in this list.[22]
- The Radio Research Laboratory (RRL) was the secret war-time laboratory at Harvard University. It operated between 1942 and 1946. It was designed for developing electronic countermeasures to enemy radars and communications, as well as electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) to circumvent enemy ECM.[23] Affiliates of this lab who worked for the military research are excluded from this list.
- The Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA) is an astrophysics research institute jointly operated by the Harvard College Observatory and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Those who were solely employed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory are excluded from this list.[24]
Name | Nobel Prize | Year | Role in Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
Reinhard Genzel | Physics | 2020 | Postdoc at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (1978–1980)[25] |
Robert W. Wilson | Physics | 1978 | Senior Scientist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (1994–)[26] |
Felix Bloch | Physics | 1952 | Felix Bloch was Associate Group Leader at Harvard Radio Research Laboratory (1943–1945) and conducted secret military research on radar.[27][28][29] |
Summary[]
All types of affiliations, namely alumni, long-term and short-term academic staff, count equally in the following table and throughout the whole page.[c]
In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at Harvard University (including emeritus staff).[d] A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).
Category | Alumni | Long-term academic staff | Short-term academic staff |
---|---|---|---|
Total: 161 | 80 | 55 | 78 |
Physics (32) |
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Chemistry (38) |
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Physiology or Medicine (43) |
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Economics (33) |
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Literature (7) |
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Peace (8) |
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Nobel laureates by category[]
Nobel laureates in Physics[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
32 | John M. Kosterlitz | 2016 | Visiting Professor at the Department of Physics (1978), produced a paper with David Robert Nelson[30][31][32] |
31 | David Wineland | 2012 | PhD[33] |
30 | Serge Haroche | 2012 | Visiting Professor (1981)[34][35] |
29 | Brian Schmidt | 2011 | AM (1992) and PhD in Astronomy (1993)[36] |
28 | Adam Riess | 2011 | PhD in Astrophysics (1996)[37] |
27 | Saul Perlmutter | 2011 | AB in Physics (1981)[38] |
26 | Roy Glauber | 2005 | AB in 1946, AM in 1947 and PhD in Physics; Lecturer and Bayard Cutting Fellow for Research in Physics (1952–1954), Assistant Professor of Physics (1954–1956), Associate Professor of Physics (1956–1961), Professor of Physics (1962–1976), and Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics (1976–2018)[39][40] |
25 | Frank Wilczek | 2004 | Visiting Professor (September 1987–June 1988)[41] |
24 | David Politzer | 2004 | AM and PhD in Physics (1974); Junior Fellow (1974–1977)[42] |
23 | David Gross | 2004 | Junior Fellow (1966–1969)[43] |
22 | Anthony Leggett | 2003 | Research Associate, Department of Physics (1966–1967)[44][45] |
21 | Riccardo Giacconi | 2002 | Professor of Astronomy (1973–1982)[46] |
20 | Gerard 't Hooft | 1999 | Morris Loeb Long-term Lecturer (1975–1976)[47][48] |
19 | David M. Lee | 1996 | AB[49] |
18 | Joseph H. Taylor | 1993 | PhD[50] |
17 | Norman Ramsey | 1989 | Professor[51] |
16 | Carlo Rubbia | 1984 | Professor[52] |
15 | Kenneth G. Wilson | 1982 | AB; Junior Fellow[53] |
14 | Nico Bloembergen | 1981 | Graduate attendee; Professor; Junior Fellow[54] |
13 | Steven Weinberg | 1979 | Professor; Junior Fellow[55] |
12 | Sheldon Glashow | 1979 | AM, PhD; Professor[56] |
11 | Arno Penzias | 1978 | Research Associate, Harvard College Observatory (1968-1980)[57][58] |
10 | John van Vleck | 1977 | AM, PhD; Professor[59] |
9 | Philip W. Anderson | 1977 | AB, AM, PhD[60] |
8 | Ben Mottelson | 1975 | PhD[61] |
– | John Bardeen* | 1972 | Junior Fellow[62] (*Another Nobel Physics Prize in 1956) |
7 | Julian Schwinger | 1965 | Professor[63] |
6 | Owen Chamberlain | 1959 | Morris Loeb Long-term Lecturer (1959–1960)[64] |
5 | Walter Brattain | 1956 | Visiting Lecturer (Fall 1952)[65][66] |
4 | John Bardeen* | 1956 | Junior Fellow[62] (*Another Nobel Physics Prize in 1972) |
3 | Willis Lamb | 1955 | Morris Loeb Long-term Lecturer (1953–1954)[67] |
2 | Edward M. Purcell | 1952 | AM (1935) and PhD (1938); Instructor to Associate Professor of Physics (1938–1949), Professor of Physics (1949–1960), Gerhard Gade University Professor (1960–1980), and Emeritus Professor of Physics (1980–1997)[68][69] |
1 | Percy Bridgman | 1946 | AB (1904), AM (1905), and PhD in Physics (1908); Assistant in Physics (1904–1913), Assistant Professor of Physics (1913–1919), Professor of Physics (1919–1926), Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy (1926–1950), Higgins University Professor (1950–1954), and Higgins University Professor, Emeritus (1954–1961)[70][71] |
Nobel laureates in Chemistry[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
38 | Jennifer Doudna | 2020 | PhD in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (1989); Postdoctoral Researcher (1989–1991)[72] |
37 | George P. Smith | 2018 | PhD[73] |
36 | Paul L. Modrich | 2015 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1973–1974)[74] |
35 | Arieh Warshel | 2013 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1970–1972)[75] |
34 | Martin Karplus | 2013 | AB; Professor[76] |
33 | Robert Lefkowitz | 2012 | Teaching Fellow at Harvard Medical School and Medical Resident at Massachusetts General Hospital (1970–1973)[77] |
32 | Thomas Steitz | 2009 | PhD; Postdoctoral Researcher[78] |
31 | Roger Y. Tsien | 2008 | AB[79] |
30 | Martin Chalfie | 2008 | AB, PhD[80] |
29 | Roger Kornberg | 2006 | AB; Assistant Professor; Junior Fellow[81] |
28 | Richard Schrock | 2005 | PhD[82] |
27 | Aaron Ciechanover | 2004 | Visiting Professor, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School (1985, 1986)[83] |
26 | Roderick MacKinnon | 2003 | Professor; Postdoctoral Researcher (1985-1986)[84] |
25 | Barry Sharpless | 2001 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1969)[85] |
24 | Ryoji Noyori | 2001 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1969–1970)[86] |
23 | William Standish Knowles | 2001 | AB[87] |
22 | Walter Kohn | 1998 | PhD; Postdoctoral Researcher[88] |
21 | Robert Curl | 1996 | Postdoctoral Researcher[89] |
20 | Elias Corey | 1990 | Professor of Chemistry (1959–)[90] |
19 | Sidney Altman | 1989 | Postdoctoral Researcher[91] |
18 | Jean-Marie Lehn | 1987 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1964); Visiting Professor (1972, 1974, on a part-time basis until 1980)[92] |
17 | Donald Cram | 1987 | PhD[93] |
16 | Y. T. Lee | 1986 | Postdoctoral Researcher (1967–1968)[94][95] |
15 | Dudley Herschbach | 1986 | PhD; Professor; Junior Fellow[96] |
14 | Jerome Karle | 1985 | AM (1938)[97] |
13 | Roald Hoffmann | 1981 | PhD; Junior Fellow[98] |
12 | Walter Gilbert | 1980 | AB, SM; Postdoctoral Researcher[99][100] |
11 | William Lipscomb | 1976 | Professor[101] |
10 | Geoffrey Wilkinson | 1973 | Assistant Professor[102] |
9 | William Howard Stein | 1972 | AB (1933); Visiting Professor (1964)[103] |
8 | Chris Anfinsen | 1972 | PhD; Professor[104] |
7 | Derek Barton | 1969 | Visiting Lecturer in the Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry (1949–1950)[105] |
6 | Robert Mulliken | 1966 | National Research Council Fellow (1923–1925)[106][107] |
5 | Robert B. Woodward | 1965 | Professor; Junior Fellow[108] |
4 | James B. Sumner | 1946 | AB, PhD[109] |
3 | Peter Debye | 1936 | Visiting Lecturer, Department of Chemistry (1955)[110][111] |
2 | Theodore W. Richards | 1914 | AB, PhD; Professor[112] |
1 | Wilhelm Ostwald | 1909 | Visiting "Exchange Professor" (1904–1905), taught courses[113][114] |
Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
43 | Gregg L. Semenza | 2019 | AB[115] |
42 | William Kaelin Jr. | 2019 | Professor[116] |
41 | James Rothman | 2013 | PhD[117] |
40 | Ralph Steinman | 2011 | MD[118] |
39 | Jack Szostak | 2009 | Professor[119] |
38 | Mario Capecchi | 2007 | PhD[120] |
37 | Craig Mello | 2006 | PhD[121] |
36 | Linda Buck | 2004 | Professor[122] |
35 | Robert Horvitz | 2002 | AM, PhD[123] |
34 | Eric Kandel | 2000 | AB[124] |
33 | Richard J. Roberts | 1993 | Research Associate in Biochemistry (1971–1972)[125] |
32 | Donnall Thomas | 1990 | MD[126] |
31 | Joseph Murray | 1990 | MD[127] |
30 | Harold Varmus | 1989 | AM[128] |
29 | J. Michael Bishop | 1989 | MD; Medical Resident[129] |
28 | George Hitchings | 1988 | PhD; Postdoctoral Researcher[130] |
27 | Joseph L. Goldstein | 1985 | Intern and Medical Resident at Massachusetts General Hospital (1966–1968)[131] |
26 | Michael S. Brown | 1985 | Intern and Medical Resident in Internal Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital (1964–1966)[132][133] |
25 | Bengt Samuelsson | 1982 | Research Fellow, Department of Chemistry (1961–1962), and Visiting Professor in Chemistry (Spring 1976)[134] |
24 | Torsten Wiesel | 1981 | Professor[135] |
23 | Roger Sperry | 1981 | NRC Research Fellow (1941-1942), Biology Research Fellow (1942–1946)[136] |
22 | David Hubel | 1981 | Professor[137] |
21 | George D. Snell | 1980 | PhD[138] |
20 | Jean Dausset | 1980 | Researcher, Harvard Medical School (1948)[139] |
19 | Baruj Benacerraf | 1980 | Professor[140] |
18 | Allan Cormack | 1979 | Research Fellow (1956–1957)[141][142] |
17 | Carleton Gajdusek | 1976 | MD[143] |
16 | George Wald | 1967 | Professor[144] |
15 | Charles Huggins | 1966 | MD[145] |
14 | Konrad Bloch | 1964 | Professor[146] |
13 | James Watson | 1962 | Professor[147] |
12 | Francis Crick | 1962 | Visiting Professor (February 1 to June 30, 1959), taught a course[148][149][150] |
11 | Georg Békésy | 1961 | Professor[151] |
10 | George Beadle | 1958 | Assistant Professor[152] |
9 | Thomas H. Weller | 1954 | MD; Professor[153] |
8 | Frederick Robbins | 1954 | MD; Research Associate[154] |
7 | John Enders | 1954 | PhD; Professor[155] |
6 | Fritz Lipmann | 1953 | Professor[156] |
5 | Max Theiler | 1951 | Instructor at the Department of Tropical Medicine, Harvard Medical School[157] |
4 | Carl Cori | 1947 | Visiting Professor of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School (1966), and researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital (1966-1980s)[158] |
3 | Edward Doisy | 1943 | PhD[159] |
2 | William P. Murphy | 1934 | MD; Senior Associate[160] |
1 | George Minot | 1934 | AB, MD[161] |
Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
33 | Robert B. Wilson | 2020 | AB (1959), MBA (1961), and DBA (1963)[162] |
32 | Michael Kremer | 2019 | AB (1985), PhD (1992); Professor (1999–2020)[163][164] |
31 | Abhijit Banerjee | 2019 | PhD (1988); Assistant Professor (1992–1993); Visiting Assistant Professor (Fall 1991)[165] |
30 | Oliver S. Hart | 2016 | Professor of Economics (July 1993–)[166][167] |
29 | Jean Tirole | 2014 | Taussig Research Professor (Spring 1989)[168] |
28 | Robert Shiller | 2013 | Visiting Scholar, Department of Economics (1980–1981)[169] |
27 | Lars P. Hansen | 2013 | Visiting Professor, Department of Economics (1986)[170] |
26 | Lloyd Shapley | 2012 | AB (1948)[171] |
25 | Alvin Roth | 2012 | Professor[172] |
24 | Christopher Sims | 2011 | AB, PhD; Assistant Professor; Instructor[173] |
23 | Thomas Sargent | 2011 | PhD; Visiting Professor[174] |
22 | Chris Pissarides | 2010 | Ford Foundation Visiting Fellow (1979–1980)[175][176] |
21 | Peter Diamond | 2010 | Visitor (1977–1978, September 1981–January 1982, 1982–1983, 1989–1990, and 1991–1992)[177] |
20 | Oliver Williamson | 2009 | Taussig Research Professor (Spring 1987)[178] |
19 | Roger Myerson | 2007 | AB, PhD[179] |
18 | Eric Maskin | 2007 | AB, AM, PhD[180] |
17 | Leonid Hurwicz | 2007 | Visiting Research Professor and Professor of Economics (1969)[181] |
16 | Thomas Schelling | 2005 | PhD; Professor[182] |
15 | Vernon L. Smith | 2002 | PhD[183] |
14 | Daniel Kahneman | 2002 | Lecturer[184] |
13 | Michael Spence | 2001 | PhD; Professor[185] |
12 | Amartya Sen | 1998 | Professor; Visiting Professor[186] |
11 | Robert C. Merton | 1997 | Professor; Visiting Professor[187] |
10 | Robert Fogel | 1993 | Professor; Taussig Research Professor[188] |
9 | Merton Miller | 1990 | AB[189] |
8 | Robert Solow | 1987 | AB, PhD[190] |
7 | Franco Modigliani | 1985 | Visiting Professor (1958–1958), taught Economics 202[191] |
6 | James Tobin | 1981 | AB, PhD[192] |
5 | Bertil Ohlin | 1977 | AM[193] |
4 | Wassily Leontief | 1973 | Professor[194] |
3 | Kenneth Arrow | 1972 | Professor[195] |
2 | Simon Kuznets | 1971 | Professor[196] |
1 | Paul Samuelson | 1970 | AM, PhD[197] |
Nobel laureates in Literature[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
7 | Mario Vargas Llosa | 2010 | Robert F. Kennedy Visiting Professor of Latin American Studies (1992–1993)[198] |
6 | J. M. Coetzee | 2003 | Visiting Professor of English (1991)[199][200] |
5 | Seamus Heaney | 1995 | Professor; Visiting Professor (1979)[201] |
4 | Derek Walcott | 1992 | Visiting Professor (Spring 1982), taught a course at Harvard College[202] |
3 | Bertrand Russell | 1950 | Visiting Lecturer (1914), taught courses in logic and the theory of knowledge[203][204] |
2 | T. S. Eliot | 1948 | AB (1909) and AM (1911)[205][206] |
1 | Rudolf Eucken | 1908 | Visiting Professor (1912–1913), taught courses Philosophy 13, 14 and 20h[207][208] |
Nobel Peace Prize laureates[]
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with Harvard University |
---|---|---|---|
8 | Juan Santos | 2016 | MPA (1981)[209] |
7 | Ellen Sirleaf | 2011 | MPA[210] |
6 | Barack Obama | 2009 | JD[211] |
5 | Al Gore | 2007 | AB[212] |
4 | Kim Dae-jung | 2000 | Visiting Fellow (1982–1983)[213][214] |
3 | Henry Kissinger | 1973 | AB (1950), AM (1952), and PhD (1954); Professor (1954–1971)[215] |
2 | Ralph Bunche | 1950 | AM (1928) and PhD (1934); Professor (1950–1952)[216] |
1 | Theodore Roosevelt | 1906 | AB[217] |
See also[]
Notes[]
- ^ The total number of laureates in natural sciences: Physics, Chemistry, and Physiology or Medicine.
- ^ For verification, see "Summary".
- ^ This is because, according to Wikipedia policies on no original research and objectivity/neutrality, it is not possible in Wikipedia to subjectively assign various weights to different types of affiliations.
- ^ The table doesn't provide citations or details on entries; for citations and details, see "Nobel laureates by category".
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External links[]
- Harvard University Nobel Prize Winners (Harvard University's official count is not exhaustive and only presents a selection of Nobel laureates)
- Harvard University people
- Lists of people by university or college in Massachusetts
- Harvard University-related lists
- Lists of Nobel laureates by institutional affiliation