List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Stanford University
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The Hoover Tower in Stanford University. As of October 2020, 85 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the university.
This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with Stanford University comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of Stanford University who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]
As of October 2020, 84 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Stanford University, and 51 of them are officially listed as "Stanford's Nobel Laureates" by the university.[3] Among the 84 laureates, 14 are Stanford alumni (graduates and attendees), and 48 have been long-term academic members of the Stanford faculty or Stanford-affiliated research organizations; and subject-wise, 27 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Economics, more than any other subject.[a] In particular, Linus Pauling is the only Stanford-affiliated Nobel laureate (Professor of Chemistry) who have won two Nobel prizes: he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962;[4] since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.
The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduates and attendees), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from Stanford, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Stanford but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At Stanford, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.
Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, to minimize controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at Stanford is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years.
Some visitors and staff not qualified as official academic affiliates
Researcher of a non-academic war project sponsored by the war-time Committee on Medical Research during World War II (1943–1945)[5]
Affiliated organizations[]
This list does not include Nobel-winning organizations or any individuals affiliated with those organizations. It also doesn't include affiliates of institutions that later merged and became part of Stanford University.
Nobel laureates who are/were official academic affiliates of Hoover Institution are included in the list.[8] However, most of the "Fellowships" at the Hoover Institution are awards without employment-level duty.[9]
Nobel laureates who are official academic affiliates of Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (CASBS) starting from 2008 are included in this list. The CASB was founded by the Ford Foundation in 1954, and became affiliated with Stanford University in 2008.[10][11] However, most of the "Fellowships" are awards without employment-level duty.[12][13]
Some visitors and staff of CASBS (but not of Stanford University) and Hoover Institution
Name
Nobel Prize
Year
Role
Edmund Phelps
Economics
2006
Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (1969-1970)[12][14]
Daniel Kahneman
Economics
2002
Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (1977-1978)[15]
All types of affiliations, namely alumni, long-term and short-term academic staff, count equally in the following table and throughout the whole page.[b]
In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at Stanford University (including emeritus staff).[c]A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).
Senior Research Fellow, Hoover Institution (1977-2006)[105]
2
Friedrich Hayek
1974
Visiting Professor (for the year of 1946)[106][107]
1
Kenneth Arrow
1972
Associate Professor of Economics and Statistics (1950–1953); Professor of Economics, Statistics, and Operations Research (1953–1968); and, Joan Kenney Professor of Economics and Professor of Operations Research (1979–1991)[108][109]
^This is because, according to Wikipedia policies on no original research and objectivity/neutrality, it is not possible in Wikipedia to subjectively assign various weights to different types of affiliations.
^The table doesn't provide citations or details on entries; for citations and details, see "Nobel laureates by category".
^This Nobel laureate received two Nobel Prizes. Counted only once because this is a list of laureates, not prizes.