List of Thai monarchs
This article lists the monarchs of Thailand from the foundation of the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238 until the present day.
Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1368)[]
Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1368; under Ayutthaya 1368–1438)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pho Khun Si Inthrathit (Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao) |
1188 | 1238 | 1270 (32 years) (82 years old) | • First Pho Khun (Lord) of Thailand • First ruler of Sukhothai | ||
2 | Pho Khun Ban Mueang | c. 1237 | 1270 | 1279 (9 years) (42 years old) | • Son of Si Inthrathit | ||
3 | Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng the Great (Pho Khun Ramarat) |
c. 1237/1247 | 1279 | 1298 (19 years) (51/61 years old) | • Younger brother of Ban Mueang • First ruler of Thailand with the title of Maharat (the Great) | ||
4 | Phaya Loe Thai | c. 1262 | 1298 | 1323 (25 years) (61 years old) | • Son of Ram Khamhaeng the Great • First Phaya (Governor) of Thailand | ||
5 | Phaya Ngua Nam Thum | c. 1266 | 1323 | 1347 (24 years) (81 years old) | • Cousin of Loe Thai | ||
6 | Phaya Li Thai (Phra Maha Thammaracha I) |
c. 1300 | 1347 | 1368 (21 years) (68 years old) | • Cousin of Ngua Nam Thum • First Phra (King) of Thailand | ||
Under the suzerainty of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya | |||||||
7 | Phaya Lue Thai (Phra Maha Thammaracha II) |
? | 1368 | 1399 (31 years) | • Son of Li Thai | ||
8 | Phaya Saileuthai (Phra Mahathammaracha III) |
? | 1400 | 1419 (19 years) | • Son of Luethai | ||
9 | Phaya Borommapan (Phra Mahathammaracha IV) |
? | 1419 | 1438 (19 years) | • Son of Sailuethai |
Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)[]
1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Somdet Phra Chao Uthong (Somdet Phra Ramathibodi I) |
1314 | 4 March 1351[1] | 1369 (18 years) | • First King of Ayutthaya | ||
2 | Somdet Phra Ramesuan | 1339 | 1369 | 1370 (less than one year) (abdicated) |
1395 | • Son of Uthong |
1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat I (Khun Luang Pha Ngua) |
1310 | 1370 | 1388 (18 years) | • Husband of Uthong's older sister • Usurper • Former Lord of Suphanburi | ||
4 | Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan (Chao Thong Chan) |
? | 1388 (7 days) (usurped) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat I |
2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(2) | Somdet Phra Ramesuan | 1339 | 1388 | 1395 (7 years) | • Former King reclaiming the throne • Son of Uthong | ||
5 | Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat | 1356 | 1395 | 1409 (14 years) (usurped) |
? | • Son of Ramesuan |
2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | Somdet Phra Intharacha I (Phra Chao Nakhon In) |
1359 | 1409 | 1424 (15 years) | • Son of Borommarachathirat I • Former Lord of Suphanburi, offered crown | |||
7 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat II (Somdet Phra Chao Sam Phraya) |
1386 | 1424 | 1448 (24 years) | • Son of Inthracha I | |||
8 | Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat (Ramesuan II) | 1431 | 1448 | 1488 (40 years) | • Son of Borommarachathirat II | |||
9 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat III (Intharacha II) |
1462 | 1488 | 1491 (3 years) | • Son of Borommatrailokkanat | |||
10 | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi II (Chettathirat I) |
1473 | 1491 | 10 October 1529 (38 years) | • Younger brother of Borommarachathirat III • Son of Borommatrailokkanat | |||
11 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat IV (Borommarachathirat No Phutthangkun) (Phra Buddhakura) |
1488 | 1529 | 1533 (4 years) | • Son of Ramathibodi II | |||
12 | Phra Ratsadathirat | 1529 | 1533 (4 months) (usurped) |
• Son of Borommarachathirat IV • Child King, reign under regency | ||||
13 | Somdet Phra Chairacha (Chairachathirat) (Phra Chai) |
? | 1533 | 1546 (13 years) | • Uncle of Ratsadathirat • Son of Ramathibodi II • Usurper | |||
14 | Phra Yotfa (Phra Kaeofa) |
1535 | 1546 | 1548 (2 years) (usurped) |
10 June 1548 (executed) |
• Son of Chairacha | ||
- | Khun Worawongsathirat (Khun Chinnarat) (Bun Si) |
? | before 10 June 1548 | 11 November 1548 - 5 January 1549 (removed) |
• Usurper monarch, not accepted by some historians | |||
15 | Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat (Phra Chao Chang Phueak) (Phra Thianracha) |
1509 | 1549 | 18 February 1564 (15 years) (usurped) |
15 April 1569 | • Son of Ramathibodi II • Younger brother of Borommarachathirat IV and Chairacha • Seized the throne from usurper • Became a Buddhist monk at Pegu (1564–1568) | ||
Vassal of Burma (1564–1568) | ||||||||
16 | Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat | 1539 | 18 February 1564 | before 12 May 1568 (~4 years) | c. late 1569 | • Son of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai | ||
(15) | Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat (Phra Chao Chang Phueak) (Phra Thianracha) |
1509 | before 12 May 1568 | 15 April 1569 (~1 year) | • Father of Mahinthrathirat • Regained the throne of Ayutthaya at the urging of his son • Died during the 1568-69 Burmese siege of Ayutthaya | |||
(16) | Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat | 1539 | 15 April 1569 | 2 August 1569 (3 months) (usurped) |
c. late 1569 | • Son of Maha Chakkraphat • Temporarily regained the throne following Maha Chakkraphat's death | ||
First Fall of Ayutthaya |
Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vassal of Burma (1569–1584) | ||||||||
17 | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat (Sanphet I) |
1517 | 1569 | c. 30 June 1590 (21 years) | • Former Lord of Phitsanulok • Son-in-law of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai • Installed as vassal of Bayinnaung of Burma, declared independence in 1584 | |||
18 | Somdet Phra Naresuan the Great (Sanphet II) (Phra Naret) |
25 April 1555 | 1 July 1590 | 25 April 1605 (15 years) | • Son of Maha Thammarachathirat I | |||
19 | Somdet Phra Ekathotsarot (Sanphet III) |
1557 | 25 April 1605 | 1620 (15 years) | • Brother of Naresuan • Son of Maha Thammarachathirat I | |||
20 | Somdet Phra Si Saowaphak (Sanphet IV) |
? | 1620 (less than a year) (usurped) |
• Son of Ekathotsarot | ||||
21 | Somdet Phra Songtham (Borommaracha I) (Intharacha III) |
1590 | 1620 | 12 December 1628 (8 years) | • Son of "Ekathotsarot", invited to take the throne after leaving the Sangha | |||
22 | Somdet Phra Chetthathirat (Borommaracha II) (Phra Otsa) |
c. 1613 | 1628 | 1628–1630 (1 year and 7 months) (usurped) |
• Son of Songtham | |||
23 | Phra Athittayawong | 1620 | 1630 (36 days) (usurped) |
1637 | • Younger brother of Chetthathirat II • Son of Songtham |
Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 | Somdet Phra Chao Prasat Thong (Sanphet V) |
1599 | 1629[2][3] | August 1656 (27 years) | • Usurper, formerly the Kalahom • Rumored to be a son of Ekathotsarot | ||
25 | Somdet Chao Fa Chai (Sanphet VI) |
? | August-September 1656 (1 month) (usurped) |
• Son of Prasat Thong | |||
26 | Somdet Phra Si Suthammaracha (Sanphet VII) |
? | September 1656 | 26 October 1657 (13 months) (usurped) |
• Usurper, Uncle of Chao Fa Chai • Younger brother of Prasat Thong | ||
27 | Somdet Phra Narai the Great (Ramathibodi III) |
16 February 1633 | 26 October 1657 | 11 July 1688 (31 years) | • Usurper, nephew of Si Suthammaracha • Son of Prasat Thong • Half-brother of Chao Fa Chai • Former Front Palace |
Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | Somdet Phra Phetracha (Ramesuan III) |
1632 | 11 July 1688 | 5 February 1703 (14 years) | • Former commander of the Royal Elephant Corps | |||
29 | Somdet Phra Suriyenthrathibodi (Sanphet VIII) (Phra Chao Sua) |
? | 1703 | 1709 (7 years) | • Adoptive son of Phetracha • Son of Narai and Chiang Mai's Princess that was given to be Phetracha's wife later. | |||
30 | Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Thai Sa (Sanphet IX) (Puhmintharacha) |
1679 | 1709 | 13 January 1733 (23 years) | • Son of Suriyenthrathibodi | |||
31 | Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Borommakot (Borommarachathirat V) |
c. 1681[4] | 1733 | 26 April 1758 (26 years) | • Brother of Thai Sa, Former Front Palace • Son of Suriyenthrathibodi | |||
32 | Somdet Phra Chao Uthumphon[a] (Maha Thammarachathirat III) (Khun Luang Ha Wat) |
? | 1758 (3 months) (usurped) |
1796 | • Son of Borommakot • Former Front Palace | |||
33 | Somdet Phra Chao Ekkathat[a] (Phra Thinang Suriyat Amarin) (Borommaracha III) |
? | 1758 | 7 April 1767 (9 years) (deposed) |
17 April 1767 | • Usurper, brother of Uthumphon • Son of Borommakot | ||
Second Fall of Ayutthaya |
Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)[]
Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Coronation | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Taksin the Great (Phra Chao Krung Thonburi) (Borommaracha IV) |
17 April 1734 | 6 November 1767 | 28 December 1768 | 6 April 1782 (14 years) (deposed) |
7 April 1782 (47 years old) (executed) |
• Only King of Thonburi • Son of a Teochew Chinese family named "Tea" (鄭) or "Zheng" in Mandarin Chinese |
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)[]
Chakri dynasty (1782–present)[]
No. | Portrait | Name | Birth | Reign from | Coronation | Reign until | Death | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great (Rama I) |
20 March 1737 | 6 April 1782 | 10 June 1782 | 7 September 1809 (27 years) (72 years old) |
• First King of Rattanakosin • Friend and Father-in-law of Taksin • Usurper • Son of Thongdee (Mon nobleman that was a descendant of Kosa Pan) and Yok (Daughter of a Hokkien Chinese millionaire family) | ||
2 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromratchapongchet Mahetsawarasunthon Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II) |
24 February 1767 | 7 September 1809 | 21 July 1824 (14 years) (57 years old) |
• Son of Rama I and Queen Amarindra | |||
3 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha Jessadabodindra Phra Nang Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama III) (Phra Maha Jesataraj Chao) |
31 March 1788 | 21 July 1824 | 2 April 1851 (26 years) (63 years old) |
• Son of Rama II and Princess Consort Sri Sulalai | |||
4 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Mongkut Phra Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama IV) Phra Syamadevamahamakut Vidyamaharaj[5] |
18 October 1804 | 2 April 1851 | 6 April 1851 (1st time) 15 May 1851 (2nd time) |
1 October 1868 (17 years) (63 years old) |
• Half-brother of Rama III • Son of Rama II and Queen Sri Suriyendra | ||
5 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua the Great (Rama V) (Phra Piya Maharaj) |
20 September 1853 | 1 October 1868 | 11 November 1868 (1st time) 16 November 1873 (2nd time) |
23 October 1910 (42 years) (57 years old) |
• Son of Rama IV and Queen Debsirindra • Under Regency of Grand Duke Sri Suriyavongs from 1868–1873 | ||
6 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkut Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama VI) (Phra Maha Dhiraraj Chao) |
1 January 1881 | 23 October 1910 | 11 November 1911 | 26 November 1925 (15 years) (44 years old) |
• Son of Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri | ||
7 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha Prajadhipok Phra Pok Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama VII) |
8 November 1893 | 26 November 1925 | 25 February 1926 | 2 March 1935 (9 years) (abdicated) |
30 May 1941 (47 years old) |
• Younger brother of Rama VI • Son of Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri | |
8 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha Ananda Mahidol Phra Atthama Ramathibodin (Rama VIII) |
20 September 1925 | 2 March 1935 | — | 9 June 1946 (11 years) (20 years old) |
• Nephew of Rama VII • Grandson of Rama V by Mahidol Adulyadej • Under Regency from 1935–1946 | ||
The country's name was changed from Siam to Thailand since 1939 | ||||||||
9 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromchanakathibet Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej Maharaj Borommanatbophit the Great |
5 December 1927 | 9 June 1946 | 5 May 1950 | 13 October 2016 (70 years 126 days) (88 years old) |
• Younger brother of Rama VIII • Grandson of Rama V by Mahidol Adulyadej | ||
10 | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Vajiralongkorn Phra Vajira Klao Chao Yu Hua (Rama X) |
28 July 1952 | 13 October 2016 | 4 May 2019[6] | Present (Incumbent: 5 years, 76 days) (69 years old) |
• Only son of Rama IX and Queen Sirikit • 2nd child of Rama IX |
Timeline of monarchs[]
See also[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monarchs of Thailand. |
- Thai monarchs' family tree
- Monarchy of Thailand
- Kings of Lanna
- List of Thai royal consorts
- Rama (Kings of Thailand)
- Chakri dynasty
- Regent of Thailand
- Thailand
Notes[]
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World. Cambridge University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya: Siam in the Early Modern World (Kindle Edition). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-316-64113-2.
- ^ Wyatt, David K. (2003). Thailand : A Short History (2nd ed.). Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. ISBN 974957544X.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand Third Edition (p. 301). Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.
- ^ "ในหลวง-พระราชินี ทรงบำเพ็ญพระราชกุศลทักษิณานุปทานวันพระบรมราชสมภพและถวายพระราชสมัญญา ร.4 พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช". ผู้จ���ดการออนไลน์. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2019-10-18.
- ^ "Thai king to be crowned in coronation ceremonies May 4-6 - palace". euronews. 1 January 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
Bibliography[]
- Prince Chula Chakrabongse, HRH (1967). Lords of Life: A History of the Kings of Thailand. United Kingdom: Alvin Redman Limited.
- Prince Damrong Rajanubhab, Disuankumaan (2001). Our Wars With The Burmese: Thai-Burmese Conflict 1539-1767. Thailand: White Lotus Co. Ltd. ISBN 974-7534-58-4.
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation (2011). Directory of Thai kings (Thai: นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย) (PDF). Thailand: www.nanmeebooks.com. ISBN 978-616-7308-25-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
- Royal Institute of Thailand (2002). "Chronology of the Kings of Ayutthaya". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
- Wood, William A. R. (1924). History of Siam. Thailand: Chalermit Press. ISBN 1-931541-10-8.
Categories:
- Thai monarchs
- Lists of monarchs
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