List of flags of Vietnam

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List of Vietnamese flags
Five-colour flags
Nguyễn dynasty's administrative units
Republic of Vietnam Military Forces
French Indochina
Religious flags

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The following is a list of flags of Vietnam.^[1][2]

National flag

Current

Flag	Date	Use	Description
	July 2, 1976–present	State flag and civil ensign.	A large yellow star centered on a red field (2:3).

Historical

Flag	Date	Use	Description
	April 30, 1975 – July 2, 1976	Flag of the Republic of South Vietnam.	A yellow star on the red and blue background. Influences:
	November 30, 1955 – July 2, 1976	Flag of North Vietnam.	A large yellow star centered on the red field (2:3). Influences:
	July 2, 1949 – October 26, 1955 October 26, 1955 – April 30, 1975	Flag of the State of Vietnam and then South Vietnam.	A yellow field with three red stripes (2:3).
	May 27, 1948 – July 2, 1949	Flag of the Provisional Central Government of Vietnam, designed by painter Lê Văn Đệ and adopted by Emperor Bảo Đại in 1948.[3][4]	A yellow field with three red stripes (2:3).Influences:
	September 2, 1945 – February 18, 1947 October 1, 1954 – November 30, 1955	Flag of Democratic Republic of Vietnam.	A large yellow star centered on the red field (2:3).
	12 June – 23 August 1945	Flag of the Empire of Vietnam.	A yellow field with four red stripes. The stripes formed the Quẻ Ly, or Li trigram (☲). Influences:
	11 March – 12 June 1945	Flag of the Empire of Vietnam.	A yellow field with a single red stripe (1:2). Influences:
	1923 – March 9, 1945	The French protectorate flag of Annam and Tonkin.	French flag canton on a yellow field (2:3). Influences:
	1885–1890	The provisional flag of the Empire of Đại Nam.	National name centered on the yellow field (2:3). Influences:
	1858–1885	The diplomatic flag of Empire of Đại Nam.[5][better source needed]	Yellow field with gold border (2:3).

Imperial standards

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1885–1890	Flag of emperor Đồng Khánh.	Đại Nam Đế Kỳ[6][unreliable source?] (Personal standard of the Emperor of Đại Nam). Đại Nam (大南, great south) was the official name of Vietnam at this time.[unreliable source?]
	1890–1920	Flag of emperors Thành Thái, Duy Tân and Khải Định.[citation needed]	A red field with a single yellow stripe. Referred to as the Long tinh or Dragon Star Flag.[6][unreliable source?]
	1920–1945	Flag of emperors Khải Định and Bảo Đại.[citation needed]	A yellow field with a single red stripe. Referred to as the Long tinh or Dragon Star Flag.[6][unreliable source?]
	May 8 – August 30, 1945	Flag of emperor Bảo Đại.	A yellow field with a single red stripe. Referred to as the Long tinh or Dragon Star Flag.[6][unreliable source?]

Personal standards of emperors

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1922–1945	Personal standard of emperors Khải Định and Bảo Đại.[6]	Flag ratio: 2:3.
	1941?–1945	Royal fanion (Cờ Nhà Vua) of the Nguyễn dynasty.[6][7][8]	The "flag of yellow and dragon" (黃龍旗, Hoàng-long kì) or the "Son of Heaven flag" (天子旗, Thiên-tử kì). Flag ratio is 1:2.
	1941?–1945	Imperial standard of the Nguyễn dynasty.[6][7]	Flag ratio: 1:2.
	1948–1955	Personal standard of State Chief Bảo Đại.[6]	Flag ratio: 2:3. Influences:

Presidential standards

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1955–1963	Presidential Standard of the First Vietnamese Republic.[9]	Yellow field with green bamboo on the top, and the red inscription "Tiết-trực tâm-hư" (節直心虛, "honest and modest") on the bottom.[10][11]
	1964–1975	Presidential Standard of the Second Vietnamese Republic.	White field with the coat of arms of the Republic of Vietnam on the middle.[10]
	1967–1975	Presidential standard of the Second Vietnamese Republic as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.	Standard of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces[11] (2:3). Influences:

Political flags

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1910–1930	Flag of the .[12]	A yellow field with a red cross in its centre extending to all corners.
	1925–1930	Flag of the Tân Việt Revolutionary Party.[13][better source needed]
	1929–1945	Flag of the Vietnamese Nationalist Party.
	1930–	Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.	Influences:
	1931—1946	Flag of the Trotskyist League of Vietnam.
	1939–1951	Flag of the Vietnam National Restoration League.	Influences:
	1941–1951	Flag of the League for the Independence of Vietnam.	A yellow star centered on a red field. Influences:
	1942–1946	Flag of the Vietnam Revolutionary League.	Influences:
	1939–	Flag of the Nationalist Party of Greater Vietnam.	Influences:
	1945–	Flag of the Vietnamese Nationalist Party.	Influences:
	1943–1947	Flag of the Đại Việt Populist Revolutionary Party.
	1943–1947	Variant flag of the Đại Việt Populist Revolutionary Party.
	1945	Flag of the Vanguard Youth.	A red star centered on a yellow field.
	1945	Flag of the .	A tricolour with the colours yellow-blue-yellow.
	1954–1963	Flag of the Personalist Labor Revolutionary Party.
	1958–1964	Flag of the BAJARAKA.
	1960–1977	Flag of the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam.	Influences:
	1964–1992	Flag of the FULRO.[a]
	1964–1992	Flag of the FULRO, Variant flag.[b]
		Flag of the .	Influences:
	1964–1985	Flag of the Liberation Front of Kampuchea Krom.
	1964–	Flag of the Front for the Liberation of Central Highlands.
	1965–	Flag of the .	Influences:
	1967—1975	Flag of the National Social Democratic Front.	A red star centered on a yellow field.
	1973	Flag of the .[14][15][c]	A black Arabic number "4" (four) centered on a square red field.
	1968–1977	Flag of the Alliance of National, Democratic, and Peace Forces.	Influences:
	1981–	Flag of the .
	1981–	Flag of the .	Influences:
	1982—	Flag of the Reform Revolutionary Party of Vietnam.
	1991—	Flag of the People's Action Party of Vietnam.	Influences:
	1993—	Flag of the Vietnamese Constitutional Monarchist League.[16]	Influences:
	1993—	Flag of the Vietnamese Constitutional Monarchist League, variant flag.	Influences:
	2003–	Flag of the .
	2003–	Flag of the .	Influences:
	2006–	Flag of the Democratic Party of Vietnam.
	2006–	Flag of the Vietnam Populist Party / For the People Party.

Religious flags

• 

  Catholic Church in Vietnam (20th century)

• 

  Cao Đài (1926–)

• 

  (1927–)

• 

  Hòa Hảo (1939–)

• 

  Buddhist Sangha of Vietnam (1981–)

Military flags

Flag	Date	Use	Description
Current
	1955–present	Flag of People's Army of Vietnam (Socialist Republic of Vietnam war flag).	A yellow star centered on a red field, and yellow inspection "Quyết thắng" (determined to win) in the upper canton (2:3).
	1955–present	Reverse side of the Flag of People's Army of Vietnam (Socialist Republic of Vietnam war flag).	A yellow star centered on a red field, and yellow inspection "Quyết thắng" (determined to win) in the upper canton (2:3).
	1955–present	Flag of Vietnam People's Navy.	Flag of the People's Army of Vietnam with military branch/unit name in the bottom.
	1958–present	Flag of Vietnam Border Guard.	Flag of the People's Army of Vietnam with military branch/unit name in the bottom.
	1959–present	Flag of the Vietnam People's Air Force.	Flag of the People's Army of Vietnam with military branch/unit name in the bottom.
	1958–present	Flag of .	Flag of the People's Army of Vietnam with military branch/unit name in the bottom.
Historical
	1961–1976	Flag of the People's Liberation Armed Forces of the Liberation Army of South Vietnam.[17]	A yellow star centered on a red and blue field, and yellow inspection "Quyết thắng" (determined to win) in the upper canton (2:3). Influences:
	1965–1975	Republic of Vietnam War flag.	Yellow flag with three stripes, and the emblem (gold eagle) in the middle (3:4). Influences:
	1965–1975	Flag of the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces.	Flag ratio: 3:4.
	1955–1965	Flag of the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces.	Flag ratio: 3:4. Influences:
	1955–1965	Reverse side of the flag of the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces.	Flag ratio: 3:4. Influences:
	1965–1975	Flag of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.	Flag ratio: 3:4.
	1965–1975	Flag of the Republic of Vietnam Navy.	Flag ratio: 3:4.
	1965–1975	Flag of the Republic of Vietnam Air Force.	Flag ratio: 3:4.
	1968–1975	Flag of Republic of Vietnam Marine Division.	Flag ratio: 3:4.
	1949–1955	Flag of Vietnamese National Army.	Yellow flag with three stripes, and the name of State of Vietnam (3:4). Influences:
	1923 – March 9, 1945	Flag of Tirailleurs indochinois.	French tricolor canton on a yellow field (1:1). Influences:
		Flag of the royal cavalry of the Nguyễn dynasty.[18]	Influences:
	1912–1925	Flag of the (the military-wing of the Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội).	Influences:
		Flag of the Army of the Nguyễn dynasty.[19][20]

Police flags

Flag	Date	Use	Description
Current
	1955–present	Flag of the Vietnam People's Public Security	A yellow star centered on a red field, and yellow inspection "Bảo vệ an ninh tổ quốc" (Protecting the Fatherland's Security) in the upper canton (2:3).
Historical
	1955–1975	Flag of Republic of Vietnam National Police[21][22][23][24][25][26][27]	A green flag with the motto "Tổ quốc, Công minh – Liêm chính" (Fatherland, Justice – Integrity) in the top, the police badge in the middle, and the name "Cảnh sát Quốc gia" (National Police) in the bottom (2:3).

Ensigns

Flag	Date	Use	Description
	1923–1945, 1945–1949	Civil and Naval Ensign of French Indochina.	A yellow ensign with the French tricolor in the canton and swallow tail. (proportions 1:2). Influences:
	1952–1975	Naval ensign of the State of Vietnam and Republic of Vietnam.[28]	Yellow field with three red stripes and an anchor in the middle (2:3). Influences:
	1975–2014	Naval ensign of the Vietnam People's Navy.	A white flag with an emblem of Vietnam People's Navy in the top and a blue strip below (2:3).[29]Influences:
	2014–present	Naval ensign of the Vietnam People's Navy.	A white flag with an emblem of Vietnam People's Navy in the top and a blue strip below (2:3).[29]Influences:

Flags of Vietnamese subjects

Provinces of the Nguyễn dynasty

• 

  Thừa Thiên

• 

  Quảng Trị

• 

  Quảng Nam

• 

  Ha Noi

• 

  Thanh Hóa

• 

  Bình Định

Areas with special status and ethnic minorities

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1946	Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina.	A yellow field with two yellow strips and three blue strips. Possibly the inspiration for the yellow flag with three blue stripes featured on the cover of the first issue of the Cahiers franco-vietnamiens (1948)[30]
	1946–1948	Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina.[30][3]	A yellow field with two white strips and three blue strips. Influences:
	1888–1889	Flag of the Kingdom of Sedang[31]	A white maltese cross centered on a blue field.
	1888–1889	Flag of the Kingdom of Sedang (1927 Bulletin des Amis du Vieux-Huế variant).[32]	Light blue in colour with a red cross of Malta and in its centre a white star, alternatively it could have been red in colour with a blue cross of Malta and a white star.[d]
	1888–1889	Flag of the Kingdom of Sedang (K. Fachinger variant).[33]	Blue with a white St. George's cross and a red star.
	1888–1889	Flag of the Kingdom of Sedang (Vexilla Belgica variant).	A light blue flag with a white cross of Malta.[e]
	1889–1897	Flag of the .	Influences:
	1944–1953	Flag of the Tai Dón people[34][35]	A large red square centered on a yellow field (2:3).
	1946–1950	Flag of the Montagnard country of South Indochina	Influences:
	1946–1950	Flag of Tai Autonomous Territory	Influences:
	1950–1955	Flag of Sip Song Chau Tai[36]	A vertical tricolour of blue, white, and red: One white stripe is between two blue stripes, a red star with 16 rays is in white field. Influences:
	1947–1954	Flag of the Nùng Autonomous Territory[34]	Influences:
	1947–1954	Flag of the (Tay people).	Flag ratio: 2:3.
	1947–1954	Flag of the Mường Autonomous Territory (Mường people).[37][34]	A large white pentagram centered on a green field (2:3). Influences:
	?–1975	Flag of Khmer Mountain Tribes[38]	A green field with a white star what has 16 rays charged in the left.
	?	Flag of the (FLKK).	Influences:
	1964–1965	Flag of [39]	Influences:
	1962–1964	Flag of Front for the Liberation of Champa	Flag ratio: 2:3.
	March 1964–?	Flag of the (FLHP).[40]	Influences:
	?	Flag of Lahu	Flag ratio: 3:5. Influences:
	1969–1976	Flag of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam.	A yellow star on a red and blue background. Influences:
	1969–?	Flag of the (MUSHEN).[f]	Three equal stripes of green (top), yellow, and red. These colours stood respectively for the mountains and jungles of the Highlands, the (South) Vietnamese national color, and the spirit of common struggle on behalf of the fatherland.[41]
	1985–?	Flag of Khmer Krom	Rectangular tricolour with three equal-size horizontal bands: the upper one is blue, the middle yellow, and the lower red (3:5). Influences:
	1986–	Flag of the .[g]	The 1986 flag of Save the Montagnard People organisation in Greensboro, North Carolina which is supposed to be the flag of all Montagnard / Dega people, was modeled after the earlier flag used by the Movement for Unity of the Southern Highland Ethnic Minorities (MUSHEN) in the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The significant difference might be the removal of the yellow colour because it's associated with the Vietnamese. The golden band represents a montagnard bracelet.[h] Influences:
	1987–	Flag of the (MDA).	Based on the above flag but the bracelet is a full ring. Influences:
	1990–	Flag or the .
	2000–	Flag of the for the Cham people.
	2000–2010	Flag of the (UMP).
		Flag of the .	A vertical tricolour with the colours blue, green, and red and a photograph of a yellowish-white flower (Plumeria alba) in the middle (green) field.[i] Ratio 3:5.
	2000s–	Flag of the , a claimed exiled southern Montagnard government.[42]	Seven horizontal stripes, the inner four stripes are white, the outer two are green, while the two stripes in its centre are coloured red (that is: Green-white-red-white-red-white-green). On its upper left area is a squarish canton which takes up five stripes, the canton is blue in colour with a thin yellow Latin cross, representing Protestant Christianity, connected to a laying double concave lens shape that extends to all the sides of the canton.[j]
	?	Flag of the Chinese Nùng people.	A vertical tricolour with the colours green-red-green and the coat of arms of the Nùng Autonomous Territory in its centre. Influences:

Other flags

Historical flags

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
	1702–1705	Flag of Poulo Condor.[43] under the English East India Company	Prior to the Acts of Union which created the Kingdom of Great Britain, the flag contained the St George's Cross in the canton representing the Kingdom of England. Influences:
	1771–1778	Flag of Tây Sơn uprising.[citation needed]	Red field with yellow border.
	1863	Flag of the Diplomatic Delegation of Annam from Red Sea to France.[44]	Yellow field with four red word "Đại-Nam khâm-sứ" (大南欽使). Influences:
	1887–1923	Flag of French colonial empire.	A vertical tricolour of blue, white, and red.
	1917	Flag of Empire of Daihung.[45]	Five red round-stars centered on a yellow field.
	1923 – March 9, 1945, September 23, 1945 – 1953	The protectorate flag of Annam.	French flag canton on a yellow field. Influences:
	1930–?	Flag of the Vietnamese Scout Association.
	1930–1931	Flag of the (Nghe-Tinh Revolt).	Flag ratio: 2:3. Influences:
	January 15, 1931	Flag of the Indochinese Communist Party used at Vinh, Nghệ An.[46]	The traditional Chinese characters "黨共產東洋" (Đảng Cộng sản Đông Dương) surrounding a hammer and a sickle. Slogans: 1 ° Increase in wages, reduction of the working day, reinstatement of the 21 workers made redundant; 2 ° Punishment of the bourgeoisie and mandarins who harm the masses. Influences:
	1936–1945	Flag of the .[47]	Flag ratio: 2:3.
	1936–1945	Variant flag of the Enlightenment Union.[46]	Flag ratio: 2:3.
	1944–1945	Flag of the .[46]	A yellow field with three red stars.
	March 9 – August 14, 1945	Flag of Empire of Japan.	Flag ratio: 7:10. Disc is shifted 1% towards the hoist (left).
	1945–1960	Flag of Bình Xuyên.	A dark red banner and a small blue banner inside, a small yellow star centered on a blue banner (2:3). Influences:
	1947	Cờ Quẻ Càn[k][48]	A yellow field with three red stripes. The stripes formed the Quẻ Càn, or Qian trigram (☰). Influences:
	1929–1946	Flag of , used at Yên Bái mutiny.[49]	Two equal horizontal bands, red (top) and white (bottom). Influences:
	1929–1946	Flag of , used at Yên Bái mutiny.[49]	Two equal horizontal bands, red (top) and white (bottom). Influences:
	2 October 1955–1 November 1963	Flag of .[citation needed]	Flag ratio is 2:3.
	1961–1963	Flag of (Thanh Nữ Cộng Hòa).	Flag ratio is 2:3.
	1965–1970	Flag of 4-T Union.[50]	A large green four-leaf clover centered on a white field.
	1968–1973	Flag of .[51]	Two horizontal red stripes enveloping a horizontal yellow stripe. The red arrow in the middle of the yellow stripe. Influences:

Cultural flags

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
		Vietnamese five-colour flags.[52]	In Vietnamese culture, five-colour flags (Vietnamese: cờ ngũ sắc) or five elements flags (cờ ngũ hành) are traditionally flown during festivals and religious ceremonies. A five-colour flag consists of five concentric squares in red, green, yellow, and blue, representing the five elements (ngũ hành). The order of colours varies. The outermost square has three ragged edges, similar to fringing. The centre of the flag is sometimes defaced to commemorate a specific concept or personality. Historically, some imperial and military ensigns followed a similar pattern.
	1956–1975	Flag of Saint Trần.[53][l]	Flag ratio is 2:2.
	April 30, 1975–	"Vietnamese Heritage and Freedom Flag".[54][55][56][57]	A yellow field with three red stripes (2:3). After the Fall of Saigon, the flag is continually used by some boat people and Overseas Vietnamese groups.[58]
		Funeral flag.[59]
		Catholic funeral flag.
		Catholic funeral flag (Good Friday variant).

Monarchist flags

Flag	Duration	Use	Name/Description
		Vietnamese monarchist flag with a blue dragon.[60]	Influences:
		Vietnamese monarchist flag with a green dragon.	Influences:

National flag proposals

Flag	First proposed	Name / Proposed by	Description
	Circa 1912–1925	Flag of the (越南民國, Việt Nam Dân Quốc) proclaimed by the Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội.	A red flag with a canton containing five white round-stars centered on a dark blue field. Influences:
	Circa 1912–1925	The Quốc kỳ Ngũ Tinh (國旗五星, "Five stars national flag") according to Tự phán, written by Phan Bội Châu.	Five, red, five-pointed stars, on a yellow background, to symbolise the "yellow" race.
	1938–1940	Proposed flag for Vietnam by the Vietnam National Restoration League.	The word "King" (王, Vương) symbolises the constitutional monarchy.[m] A red background symbolises struggle for independence. A white background symbolises "cleanliness of the people".
	17 January 1973	The Reconciliation Flag of Vietnam (Cờ Hoà Giải Của Nước Việt Nam).[61] According to the Flags of the World website the creation of this flag is attributed Nguyễn Thành Trí and Tristan Nguyễn in Saigon (present-day Hồ Chí Minh City), South Vietnam in 1973, following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords.[61][62] In the year 2007 it was later re-introduced in San Francisco, United States.[61]	A vertical tricolour with the colours yellow-green-red and a white 12-pointed star in its centre.[61] The colour yellow is supposed to be a symbol of both the continent of Asia and the Vietnamese people, the colour green symbolises peace, while the colour red symbolises the concept of "revolutionary enthusiasm".[n][61] The white star in the centre of the flag stands for freedom, peace, and national reconciliation. The points of the star correspond to the years of the âm lịch stands for the three values of freedom, equality, and pluralism - which are the values its advocates expect to be the most respected values in a new Vietnam (Tân Việt Nam).[61] The ratio is 2:3.[61]
		An untitled flag proposal at a Vietnamese language website by a group of Vietnamese students from the United States, Canada, and France.[61]	The proposed flag is a horizontal tricolour with the colours blue-orange-blue divided in the ratio of 1:2:1.[o][61] In its orange centre is a white lotus flower, fimbriated brown.[p][61] The colour blue is said to represent both the sky and the sea and stands for peace.[61] The colour yellow (orange) is said to be the traditional national colour and represents the Vietnamese people.[61] The lotus flower is the national flower of Vietnam.[61]

Misattributed flags

This is a list of incorrect or fictitious flags which have been reported on as being factual and/or historical flags of Vietnam by contemporary or otherwise reputable sources.

"Flag of Cochinchina"

Flag	Supposed date	Supposed use	Description	Origin of the misattribution
		Flag of Cochinchina.[63]		Likely an imperial Chinese banner featuring various imperial Chinese symbols such as the yin-yang symbol in the form of a spiral, imperial dragon, a Manchu man, a number of monsters, among other symbols. Later it was claimed to be the flag of Cochinchina instead of China.
	1868–1945	Flag of French Cochinchina (sometimes as the flag of Annam).[63][64]	A rectangular flag with many black triangles, resembling a serrated ribbon typically found on Imperial Chinese and Vietnamese flags, surrounding a yellow interior. Likely based on an old imperial Vietnamese (or Chinese) flag where the Europeans didn't know that the flag had a serrated ribbon and "filled it in" as a rectangle. The black triangles are sometimes blue or green based on different interpretations.	It was first described in the year 1825 and is still present on early 20th century depictions. However, the hydrographic service of the French navy, already in the charter of 1889, doesn't mention it; it is therefore believed that the existence of this flag, if it ever was authentic, does not go beyond 1883.[65]
	1868–1945	Naval Ensign of Cochinchina.	Influences:	See above.

Others

Flag	Supposed date	Supposed use	Description	Origin of the misattribution
	1802–1885	Allegedly used as the imperial flag (đế kỳ) of Nguyễn emperors (beginning with Gia Long) since 1802 until 1863, when it was used as the "national flag" (quốc kỳ) until 1885.[66][67][2]	Likely based on a flag stated to be flown on ships of the "nation" Tunquin in China. Tonkin was the European exonym during the 17th and 18th centuries for the northern region of modern Vietnam, then nominally reigned by the Revival Lê dynasty (1533-1789) yet effectively ruled by the Trịnh lords (1545–1787). Said flag can be found in a chart titled Generaale gezicht der Vlaggen welke meeste Natien ter Zee voeren "A general view of the flags which most nations bear at sea" between page viii and page 1 of the book Alegemeene verhandeling van de heerschappy der zee "General Treatise of the Dominion of the Sea"[68]
	1821–1922	Allged standard of emperor Minh Mạng. Has a yellow field with gold borders.	Influences: Several plain yellow flags can be seen displayed along with the tricolour flags of France and a partially seen yellow flag containing red-coloured 大南 (SV: Đại Nam "Great South"), as depicted in the 1903 oil painting Les mandarins et les autorités françaises attendant l’arrivée de l’Empereur Thanh Thai "The mandarins and the French authorities awaiting the arrival of Emperor Thành Thái" by Trần D. Trọng[69]
	1885–1890	Alleged flag of emperor Đồng Khánh. Found in Nguyễn Đình Sài's article Quốc Kỳ Việt Nam: Nguồn Gốc và Lẽ Chính Thống "The National Flag of Viet Nam: Its Origin and Legitimacy". A visually similar is found on the webpage Vietnam from website Worldstatemen by UConn-affilitated researcher Ben Cahoon.	Influences: .	An incorrect reading of the Chinese characters 大南 (SV: Đại Nam "Great South" by foreigners with no experience with the script.
	NA	Flag of the French protectorate of Tonkin	Is actually the flag of Tonga.
	1890–1920	National flag of Đại Nam	Đại Nam Quốc Kỳ (National flag of Đại Nam), claimed to have been originally issued by Emperor Thành Thái[70] Alleged influences: A description was given that claimed that the flag had a number of symbolic meanings. Yellow, beyond the meaning of a royal symbol, is the traditional colour of Vietnamese nation and the colour of Vietnamese skin, red is the colour of Vietnamese blood together is the "red blood, yellow skin"[note 1] of the Vietnamese. three red stripes symbolised the united Vietnam under three regions Northern Vietnam (Bắc Kỳ), Central Vietnam (Trung Kỳ) and Southern Vietnam (Nam Kỳ)[71][72][67]	The story behind this flag was fabricated by Nguyễn Đình Sài, a former member of the anti-Communist organization Việt Tân, who wrote the article "Quốc Kỳ Việt Nam: Nguồn Gốc và Lẽ Chính Thống” (The National Flag of Viet Nam: Its Origin and Legitimacy) in September 2004. To back up his claim, Nguyền Đình Sài cited a webpage from Worldstatesmen website by Ben Cahoon, an American researcher affiliated with University of Connecticut. However, Nguyễn Đình Sài admitted Cahoon "did not name any specific documents"[note 2] for Cahoon's claim that the yellow flag with three red stripes was used between 1890 and 1920.[66][67] Nguyễn Đình Sài fabricated this story so he could give the South Vietnamese flag more historical legitimacy by connecting it with anti-French resistance and national pride decades before it actually existed.[73]
	1945	Flag of the Empire of Vietnam (a Japanese puppet state during World War II).

Flag construction sheets

Flag	Use
	Flag of the Empire of Vietnam.
	National flag of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and later the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
	First flag of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina.
	Second flag of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina.
	Flag of South Vietnam.
	Flag of the Taï Autonomous Territory (Sip Song Chau Tai).

See also

• Emblem of Vietnam § List
• List of flags of French Indochina
• Vietnamese five-color flags

Notes

References