List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)

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Sri Srinavasan, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, clerked for Justice Sandra Day O'Connor during the 1997–98 term.

Law clerks have assisted the justices of the United States Supreme Court in various capacities since the first one was hired by Justice Horace Gray in 1882.[1] Each justice is permitted to have between three and four law clerks per Court . Most persons serving in this capacity are recent law school graduates (and typically graduated at the top of their class).[2] Among their many functions, clerks do legal research that assists justices in deciding what cases to accept and what questions to ask during oral arguments, prepare memoranda, and draft orders and opinions.[3] After retiring from the Court, a justice may continue to employ a law clerk, who may be assigned to provide additional assistance to an active justice or may assist the retired justice when sitting by designation with a lower court.

Table of law clerks[]

The following is a table of law clerks serving the associate justice holding Supreme Court seat 8 (the Court's eighth associate justice seat by order of creation), and one of two established (along with the later abolished seat 7) on March 3, 1837 by the 24th Congress through the Eighth and Ninth Circuits Act of 1837 (5 Stat. 176).[4] This seat is currently occupied by Justice Samuel Alito.

Seat 8 associate justices and law clerks

John Marshall Harlan

December 10, 1877 –
October 14, 1911[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
1888 1890 Columbian-GW (1884)
1889 1890
Blewett Harrison Lee 1889 1890 Harvard (1888)
1889 1891 Wash U (1887)
1896 1897 Georgetown (1895)
1898 1902 Georgetown (1895)
1906 1911 R. W. Peckham

Mahlon Pitney

March 18, 1912 –
December 31, 1922[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
1912 1912 R. W. Peckham / Harlan
1913 1922 stenographer, New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals
1922 December 1922 Georgetown (1921) U.S. Senate, Asst. Clerk (1918–1921)

Edward Terry Sanford

February 19, 1923 –
March 8, 1930[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
1923 1930 National (1907)

Owen Roberts

June 2, 1930 –
July 31, 1945[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
1930 1931 National (1907) Sanford
1930 1945 GW (1934)

Harold Hitz Burton

October 1, 1945 –
October 13, 1958[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
1945 1946 Iowa (1941) Rutledge (D.C. Cir.)
1946 1947 Harvard (1946) none
1947 1949 Case Western (1947) none
Marvin S. Schwartz 1950 1951 Penn (1949) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
1950 1951 Nebraska (1950) none
John W. Douglas 1951 1952 Yale (1948)
1951 1952 Penn (1950) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
1952 1953 Catholic (1950) Tamm (D.D.C.) / Fahy (D.C. Cir.)
1952 1954 Penn (1951) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
Raymond S. Troubh 1953 1954 Yale (1952) T. Swan (2d Cir.)
1954 1955 Harvard (1953) A. Hand (2d Cir.)
Thomas N. O'Neill, Jr. 1954 1955 Penn (1953) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
Roger C. Cramton 1956 1957 Chicago (1955) Waterman (2d Cir.)
1956 1957 Penn (1953) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
1957 1958 Penn (1956) Goodrich (3d Cir.)
1957 1958 Chicago (1956) Pope (9th Cir.)
(shared with Reed and Warren) 1960 1961 Harvard (1960) none
Timothy B. Dyk (shared with Reed) 1961 1962 Harvard (1961) none
Theodore R. Boehm (shared with Reed and Warren) 1963 1964 Harvard (1963) none

Potter Stewart

October 14, 1958 –
July 3, 1981[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
(hired by Burton) 1958 1959 Chicago (1957) Waterman (2d Cir.)
1958 1959 Ohio State (1958)
1959 1961 Yale (1959) none
Thomas E. Kauper 1960 1962 Michigan (1960) none
1961 1963 Yale (1961) none
Jan Ginter Deutsch 1962 1963 Yale (1962) none
1963 1964 Yale (1963) none
1964 1965 Harvard (1964) none
Monroe Price 1964 1965 Yale (1964) none
1965 1966 Harvard (1965) none
1965 1966 Yale (1964) Traynor (Cal.)
1966 1966 Yale (1966) none
1966 1967 Harvard (1966) none
Laurence H. Tribe 1967 1968 Harvard (1966) Tobriner (Cal.)
1967 1968 Yale (1966) none
1968 1969 Yale (1967) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
1968 1969 Harvard (1967) S. Barnes (9th Cir.)
1968 1969 Columbia (1967) McGowan (D.C. Cir)
1969 1970 Yale (1968)
(hired by Burger, shared with White, Black, Burger) 1969 1970 Harvard (1968) Aldrich (1st Cir.)
Evan A. Davis 1970 1971 Columbia (1969) Leventhal (D.C. Cir.)
Duncan Kennedy 1970 1971 Yale (1970) none
1970 1971 Harvard (1970) none
Benjamin W. Heineman, Jr. 1971 1972 Yale (1971) none
1971 1972 Yale (1970) Gesell (D.D.C.)
1971 1972 Harvard (1970) none
1972 1973 Yale (1971) Weinfeld (S.D.N.Y.)
John G. Koeltl 1972 1973 Harvard (1971) Weinfeld (S.D.N.Y.)
1972 1973 Michigan (1970) Harlan II / Lumbard (2d Cir.)
1973 1974 Columbia (1972) Friendly (2d Cir.)
Andrew D. Hurwitz 1973 1974 Yale (1972) J. J. Smith (2d Cir.) / Newman (D. Conn.)
1973 1974 Michigan (1972) Lumbard (2d Cir.)
1973 1974 Yale (1972) Renfrew (N.D. Cal.)
Ronald M. Gould 1974 1975 Michigan (1973) McCree (6th Cir.)
1974 1975 Yale (1973) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
Dennis M. Perluss 1974 1975 Harvard (1973) Hufstedler (9th Cir.)
1975 1976 Michigan (1974) Lumbard (2d Cir.)
James N. Gardner 1975 1976 Yale (1974) Goodwin (9th Cir.)
1975 1976 Harvard (1974) Leventhal (D.C. Cir)
(hired by Douglas / shared with White) 1975 1976 Harvard (1975) none
(shared with White) 1976 1977 Harvard (1975) Hufstedler (9th Cir.)
Daniel J. Meltzer 1976 1977 Harvard (1975) McGowan (D.C. Cir.)
Judith A. Miller 1976 1977 Yale (1975) Leventhal (D.C. Cir.)
Mark F. Pomerantz 1976 1977 Michigan (1975) Weinfeld (S.D.N.Y.)
1977 1978 Michigan (1976) Coffin (1st Cir.)
1977 1978 Penn (1976) Hunter (3d Cir.)
Robert S. Litt 1977 1978 Yale (1976) Weinfeld (S.D.N.Y.)
1977 1978 Stanford (1976) Bazelon (D.C. Cir)
Daniel R. Fischel 1978 1979 Chicago (1977) Fairchild (7th Cir.)
1978 1979 Yale (1977) Wisdom (5th Cir.)
1978 1979 Penn (1977) Schreiber (N.J.)
1979 1980 Yale (1978) Gesell (D.D.C.)
David D. Hiller 1979 1980 Harvard (1978) Wilkey (D.C. Cir.)
1979 1980 Virginia (1978) McGowan (D.C. Cir)
Robert Weisberg 1980 1981 Stanford (1979) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
Elliot Francis Gerson 1980 1981 Yale (1979) Leventhal (D.C. Cir.)
Carl E. Schneider 1980 1981 Michigan (1979) McGowan (D.C. Cir)
Howard William Gutman 1981 1982 Harvard (1980) I. Goldberg (5th Cir.)
1982 1983 Harvard (1980) Keeton (D. Mass)
1983 1984 NYU (1982) Seitz (3d Cir.)
(shared with Brennan, Powell, Stevens) 1984 1985 Yale (1982) Oberdorfer (D.D.C.)
1985 1986 Georgetown (1984) Flannery (D.C. Cir.)

Sandra Day O'Connor

September 25, 1981 –
January 31, 2006[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
Brian Cartwright 1981 1982 Harvard (1980) Wilkey (D.C. Cir.)
1981 1982 Berkeley (1980) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
1981 1982 Columbia (1980) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
Ruth V. McGregor 1981 1982 Arizona State (1974) none
Gary L. Francione 1982 1983 Virginia (1981) Tate (5th Cir.)
Stewart J. Schwab 1982 1983 Michigan (1980) J. D. Phillips (4th Cir.)
1982 1983 Harvard (1981) Wisdom (5th Cir.)
1982 1983 William & Mary (1981) J. Hill (11th Cir.)
Peter W. Huber 1983 1984 Harvard (1982) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
1983 1984 Stanford (1982) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
1983 1984 Harvard (1982) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
Richard G. Taranto 1983 1984 Yale (1981) Bork (D.C. Cir.) / Sofaer (S.D.N.Y.)
1984 1985 Tulane (1983) Wisdom (5th Cir.)
W. Scott Bales 1984 1985 Harvard (1983) Sneed (9th Cir.)
Kent D. Syverud 1984 1985 Michigan (1981) Oberdorfer (D.D.C.)
1984 1985 Columbia (1983) Sofaer (S.D.N.Y.)
Christopher Cerf 1985 1986 Columbia (1984) J. S. Wright (D.C. Cir.)
1985 1986 Chicago (1984) Bork (D.C. Cir.)
Julie R. O'Sullivan 1985 1986 Cornell (1984) L. Campbell (1st Cir.)
John K. Setear 1985 1986 Yale (1984) McGowan (D.C. Cir.)
Charles A. Blanchard 1986 1987 Harvard (1985) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
1986 1987 Stanford (1985) S. Breyer (1st Cir.)
1986 1987 Stanford (1984) Rymer (C.D. Cal.)
1986 1987 Harvard (1985) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
1987 1988 Michigan (1986) Coffin (1st Cir.)
1987 1988 Columbia (1985) Starr (D.C. Cir.)
1987 1988 Stanford (1986) Sneed (9th Cir.)
1987 1988 Chicago (1985) P. Higginbotham (5th Cir.)
Adalberto J. Jordan 1988 1989 Miami (1987) T. A. Clark (11th Cir.)
1988 1989 Columbia (1987) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
Andrew G. McBride 1988 1989 Stanford (1987) Bork (D.C. Cir.)
1988 1989 Yale (1987) Oberdorfer (D.D.C.)
Ivan K. Fong 1989 1990 Stanford (1987) Mikva (D.C. Cir.)
Marci A. Hamilton 1989 1990 Penn (1988) Becker (3d Cir.)
Sandra Segal Ikuta 1989 1990 UCLA (1988) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
1989 1990 Stanford (1988) Starr (D.C. Cir.)
1990 1991 Stanford (1989) Silberman (D.C. Cir.)
1990 1991 UCLA (1989) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Denise Posse-Blanco Lindberg 1990 1991 BYU (1988) McKay (10th Cir.)
1990 1991 Chicago (1989) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
(shared with Burger) 1990 1991 Columbia (1990) None
Stuart Banner 1991 1992 Stanford (1988) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
1991 1992 Harvard (1990) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
1991 1992 Berkeley (1987) W. Norris (9th Cir.) / Legge (N.D. Cal.)
Crystal Nix(-Hines) (shared with Marshall) 1991 1992 Harvard (1990) W. Norris (9th Cir.)
1991 1992 Yale (1990) Mikva (D.C. Cir.)
1992 1993 Yale (1991) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
1992 1993 Columbia (1989) Browning (9th Cir.)
1992 1993 Harvard (1991) Silberman (D.C. Cir.)
1992 1993 Stanford (1990) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Katherine L. Adams 1993 1994 Chicago (1992) S. Breyer (1st Cir.)
James Forman Jr. 1993 1994 Yale (1992) W. Norris (9th Cir.)
1993 1994 Chicago (1991) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Eugene Volokh 1993 1994 UCLA (1992) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Viet D. Dinh 1994 1995 Harvard (1993) Silberman (D.C. Cir.)
1994 1995 Columbia (1993) Wald (D.C. Cir.)
1994 1995 Harvard (1992) R. B. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.) / S. Breyer (1st Cir.)
1994 1995 Michigan (1993) S. Breyer (1st Cir.)
Stuart F. Delery (shared with White) 1994 1995 Yale (1993) Tjoflat (11th Cir.)
1995 1996 Michigan (1994) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Gretchen C. Rubin 1995 1996 Yale (1994) Leval (2d Cir.)
1995 1996 Vanderbilt (1994) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
1995 1996 Chicago (1990) S. Breyer (1st Cir.)
1996 1997 Texas (1994) Randolph (D.C. Cir.)
1996 1997 UCLA (1995) C. Hall (9th Cir.)
William J. Nardini 1996 1997 Yale (1994) Calabresi (2d Cir.) / Cabranes (2d Cir.)
1996 1997 Yale (1995) Cabranes (2d Cir.)
1997 1998 Stanford (1996) D. W. Nelson (9th Cir.)
Srikanth Srinivasan 1997 1998 Stanford (1995) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
1997 1998 Harvard (1996) Luttig (4th Cir.)
1997 1998 Georgetown (1995) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
1998 1999 Chicago (1997) Posner (7th Cir.)
Oona A. Hathaway 1998 1999 Yale (1997) Wald (D.C. Cir.)
1998 1999 Duke (1997) Winter (2d Cir.)
1998 1999 Yale (1996) Cabranes (2d Cir.)
1999 2000 Yale (1997) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
1999 2000 Stanford (1994) Tacha (10th Cir.)
1999 2000 Columbia (1997) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
1999 2000 Georgetown (1998) Silberman (D.C. Cir.)
Richard A. Bierschbach 2000 2001 Michigan (1997) Randolph (D.C. Cir.)
2000 2001 NYU (1998) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
2000 2001 Yale (1998) J. A. W. Rogers (D.C. Cir.)
2000 2001 Virginia (1999) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
2001 2002 Michigan (2000) Tatel (D.C. Cir.)
Michelle T. Friedland 2001 2002 Stanford (2000) Tatel (D.C. Cir.)
2001 2002 Texas (1999) P. Higginbotham (5th Cir.)
2001 2002 Chicago (2000) Williams (D.C. Cir.)
2002 2003 Georgetown (1999) Niemeyer (4th Cir.)
2002 2003 Columbia (2000) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
2002 2003 Chicago (2000) Wiener (5th Cir.)
Cristina M. Rodríguez 2002 2003 Yale (2000) Tatel (D.C. Cir.)
2003 2004 NYU (2001) Posner (7th Cir.)
2003 2004 Michigan (2000) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
RonNell A. Jones 2003 2004 Ohio State (2000) W. Fletcher (9th Cir.)
2003 2004 Berkeley (2000) W. Fletcher (9th Cir.) / L. Pollak (E.D. Pa.)
2004 2005 NYU (2002) H. Edwards (D.C. Cir.)
2004 2005 NYU (2003) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
2004 2005 Stanford (2002) Garland (D.C. Cir.)
Tali F. Farhadian (Weinstein) 2004 January 31, 2006 Yale (2003) Garland (D.C. Cir.)
2005 January 31, 2006 Stanford (2003) Becker (3d Cir.) / V. Walker (N.D. Cal.)
2005 2006 Yale (2003) Calabresi (2d Cir.)
2005 January 31, 2006 Harvard (2004) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
(shared with Breyer) 2006 2007 Harvard (2004) Garland (D.C. Cir.)
Heidi Bond (shared with Kennedy) 2007 2008 Michigan (2006) Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Isaac J. Lidsky (shared with Ginsburg) 2008 2009 Harvard (2004) Ambro (3d Cir.)
Joshua A. Deahl (shared with Kennedy) 2009 2010 Michigan (2006) Benavides (5th Cir.)
(shared with Sotomayor) 2010 2011 Yale (2008) Garland (D.C. Cir.)
(shared with Sotomayor) 2011 2012 Harvard (2008) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
(shared with Kagan) 2012 2013 Yale (2007) Robertson (D.D.C.) / Tatel (D.C. Cir.)
(shared with Breyer) 2013 2014 Yale (2011) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
Eli Noam Savit (shared with Ginsburg) 2014 2015 Michigan (2010) Tatel (D.C. Cir.) / Bea (9th Cir.)
2015 2016 Duke (2012) Sutton (6th Cir.)

Samuel Alito

January 31, 2006 –
Incumbent[5]
Clerk Started Finished School (year) Previous clerkship
Adam G. Ciongoli February 2006 July 2006 Georgetown (1995) Alito (3d Cir.)
January 2006 July 2006 Stanford (2003) O'Connor / Becker (3d Cir.) / V. Walker (N.D. Cal.)
Hannah Clayson Smith February 2006 July 2006 BYU (2001) Thomas / Alito (3d Cir.)
January 2006 July 2006 Harvard (2004) O'Connor / Kozinski (9th Cir.)
Michael S. Lee 2006 2007 BYU (1997) Alito (3d Cir.) / Benson (D. Utah)
2006 2007 Harvard (1999) Alito (3d Cir.)
2006 2007 Columbia (2003) Alito (3d Cir.)
2006 2007 Virginia (2000) Beam (8th Cir.)
2007 2008 Yale (2004) Alito (3d Cir.)
2007 2008 Yale (2000) Alito (3d Cir.)
David H. Moore 2007 2008 BYU (1996) Alito (3d Cir.)
2007 2008 Northwestern (2006) Flaum (7th Cir.)
Dana Ann Remus 2008 2009 Yale (2002) Scirica (3d Cir.)
Andy Oldham 2008 2009 Harvard (2005) Sentelle (D.C. Cir.)
Michael H. Park 2008 2009 Yale (2001) Alito (3d Cir.)
2008 2009 Pepperdine (2003) Alito (3d Cir.)
Amit Agarwal 2009 2010 Georgetown (2004) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
2009 2010 Virginia (2008) Sutton (6th Cir.)
2009 2010 Yale (2006) Cabranes (2d Cir.) / M. Patel (N.D. Cal.)
2009 2010 Seton Hall (2004) Barry (3d Cir.) / Ackerman (D.N.J.)
2010 2011 Cornell (2005) Chagares (3d Cir.) / Alito (3d Cir.)
Steven Menashi 2010 2011 Stanford (2008) D. Ginsburg (D.C. Cir.)
2010 2011 Duke (2007) J. R. Brown (D.C. Cir.)
2010 2011 Notre Dame (2007) Sutton (6th Cir.)
Sarah Keeton Campbell 2011 2012 Duke (2009) W. Pryor (11th Cir.)
2011 2012 Stanford (2010) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
2011 2012 Yale (2010) Scirica (3d Cir.)
Ryan Dean Newman 2011 2012 Texas (2007) Edmondson (11th Cir.) / Leon (D.D.C.)
2012 2013 Yale (2010) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
2012 2013 Duke (2010) Batchelder (6th Cir.)
Claire McCusker Murray 2012 2013 Yale (2009) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
2012 2013 GW (2007) J. R. Brown (D.C. Cir.)
Zina Bash 2013 2014 Harvard (2007) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
Kyle D. Hawkins 2013 2014 Minnesota (2009) E. Jones (5th Cir.)
Paul J. Ray 2013 2014 Harvard (2011) Livingston (2d Cir.)
2013 2014 Notre Dame (2011) Sutton (6th Cir.)
2014 2015 Harvard (2012) W. Pryor (11th Cir.)
2014 2015 Harvard (2009) Gorsuch (10th Cir.)
2014 2015 Harvard (2007) J. E. Smith (5th Cir.) / J. R. Brown (D.C. Cir.)
2014 2015 Georgetown (2011) Scirica (3d Cir.)
2015 2016 Columbia (2011) J. E. Smith (5th Cir.)
2015 2016 Yale (2010) Wilkinson (4th Cir.)
2015 2016 Stanford (2012) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
2015 2016 Harvard (2009) Gorsuch (10th Cir.)
February 2016 2016 Northwestern (2013) Scalia / Feinerman (N.D. Ill.) / Posner (7th Cir)
February 2016 2016 Harvard (2011) Scalia / Gorsuch (10th Cir.)
2016 2017 Harvard (2013) O'Scannlain (9th Cir.)
2016 2017 Yale (2013) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
(hired by Scalia) 2016 2017 Virginia (2015) Sutton (6th Cir.)
2016 2017 Yale (2008) Williams (D.C. Cir.)
(hired by Scalia) 2017 2018 Harvard (2015) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.)
2017 2018 Harvard (2015) O'Scannlain (9th Cir.)
2017 2018 Yale (2014) W. Pryor (11th Cir.)
2017 2018 Ohio State (2014) McKeague (6th Cir.) / Sutton (6th Cir.)
2018 2019 LSU (2015) Willett (Tex.) / E. Jones (5th Cir.)
2018 2019 Harvard (2015) Elrod (5th Cir.)
2018 2019 GW (2015) Kavanaugh (D.C. Cir.) / Leon (D.D.C.)
2018 2019 Yale (2016) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
(hired by and shared with Kennedy) 2018 2019 Chicago (2014) Griffith (D.C. Cir.)
2019 2020 Duke (2016) Huvelle / Hogan (D.D.C.) / Duncan (4th Cir.)
2019 2020 Columbia (2015) Livingston (2d Cir.) / Leon (D.D.C.)
2019 2020 Yale (2016) Thapar (E.D. Ky.) / Kethledge (6th Cir.)
2019 2020 Virginia (2015) O'Scannlain (9th Cir.) / J. E. Smith (5th Cir.)
2020 2021 Yale (2018) Wilkinson (4th Cir.) / Katsas (D.C. Cir.)
Mary E. Miller 2020 2021 Michigan (2016) Owen (5th Cir.) / Leon (D.D.C.)
2020 2021 Virginia (2017) Carnes (11th Cir.) / Thapar (6th Cir.)
David A. Phillips 2020 2021 Harvard (2018) Colloton (8th Cir.) / Silberman (D.C. Cir.)
Shelby Baird 2021 Duke (2018) Hardiman (3d Cir.)
Thomas Elliot Gaiser 2021 Chicago (2016) E. Jones (5th Cir.) / Rao (D.C. Cir.)
Eric Palmer 2021 Yale (2017) W. Pryor (11th Cir.)
Edward Garrett West Jr. 2021 Yale (2018) O'Scannlain (9th Cir.) / Griffith (D.C. Cir.)

References[]

  1. ^ Peppers, Todd C. (2006). Courtiers of the Marble Palace: The Rise and Influence of the Supreme Court Law Clerk. Stanford University Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-8047-5382-2.
  2. ^ "Supreme Court Procedures". uscourts.gov. Washington, D.C.: Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  3. ^ Ward, Artemus; Weiden, David L. (2006). Sorcerers' Apprentices: 100 Years of Law Clerks at the United States Supreme Court. New York, New York: New York University Press. pp. 1–5. ISBN 978-0-8147-9404-3.
  4. ^ "Landmark Legislation: Eighth and Ninth Circuits". Washington, D.C.: Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Justices 1789 to Present". supremecourt.gov. Washington, D.C.: Supreme Court of the United States. Retrieved December 25, 2018.

Additional sources[]

  • Baier, Paul R. (1973). "The Law Clerks: Profile of an Institution," Vanderbilt L. Rev. 26: 1125–77.
  • "Georgia Law Alumni Who Have Clerked for a U.S. Supreme Court Justice," Advocate, Spring/Summer 2004 (listing 6 names).
  • Judicial Clerkship Handbook, USC Gould Law School, 2013-2014, p. 33, Appendix B.
  • Newland, Charles A. (June 1961). "Personal Assistants to the Supreme Court Justices: The Law Clerks," Oregon L. Rev. 40: 306–07.
  • News of Supreme Court clerks. University of Virginia Law School, list of clerks, 2004-2018.
  • University of Michigan clerks to the Supreme Court, 1991-2017, University of Michigan Law School Web site (2016). Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  • Ward, Artemus and David L. Weiden (2006). Sorcerers' Apprentices: 100 Years of Law Clerks at the United States Supreme Court. New York, NY: New York University Press. ISBN 978-0814794203, ISBN 0814794203.

External links[]

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