List of political parties in Turkey

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Turkey is a presidential democracy with a multi-party system. Major parties are defined as political parties that received more than 10% of the votes in the latest general election and/or represented in parliament. Minor parties are defined as political parties that have fulfilled the requirements of the Supreme Election Council[citation needed] (Yüksek Seçim Kurulu in Turkish, abbreviated as YSK) and whose names have been listed on ballots. Forming a political party without prior permission is a constitutional right, but the Interior Ministry sometimes delays registering new parties for months.[1]

If the ID and serial number of a person's Turkish identity card is known anyone can query their political party membership via the website of the General Prosecution Office of the Supreme Court of Appeal or mobile phone messages.[2][3]

Political parties represented in the Turkish Parliament[]

Main article: 2018 Turkish parliamentary election

General information about the parties holding seats in the Grand National Assembly as of 2021:[4]

# Party Leader Position Ideology MPs Metro. Mun. Municipalities Provincial council. Municipal Asse.
1 AKP Justice and Development Party
Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi 		Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Right-wing[5] Conservative democracy[6]
Neo-Ottomanism[7]
288 / 600
15 / 30
742 / 1,355
757 / 1,272
10,173 / 20,745
2 CHP Republican People's Party
Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi 		Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu Centre-left Social democracy[8]
Kemalism
135 / 600
11 / 30
241 / 1,355
182 / 1,272
4,608 / 20,745
3 HDP Peoples' Democratic Party
Halkların Demokratik Partisi 		Mithat Sancar
Pervin Buldan 		Centre-left[9] to left-wing[10] Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Secularism[11]
56 / 600
0 / 30
101 / 1,355
57 / 1,272
1,293 / 20,745
4 MHP Nationalist Movement Party
Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi 		Devlet Bahçeli Far-right[12][13][14] Turkish ultranationalism[15]
Idealism[16]
48 / 600
1 / 30
233 / 1,355
188 / 1,272
2,819 / 20,745
5 İYİ Good Party
İYİ Parti 		Meral Akşener Centre[17][18][19][20] to right-wing[21][22][23] Turkish nationalism
Social justice[24]
Kemalism[25]
36 / 600
0 / 30
24 / 1,355
23 / 1,272
1,092 / 20,745
Those who do not have a political group
TİP Workers' Party of Turkey
Türkiye İşçi Partisi 		Erkan Baş Far-left Communism
Marxism–Leninism
4 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
MP Homeland Party
Memleket Partisi 		Muharrem İnce Centre-left Kemalism
Social democracy
3 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
DP Democrat Party
Demokrat Parti 		Gültekin Uysal Centre-right Liberal conservatism
2 / 600
0 / 30
8 / 1,355
1 / 1,272
135 / 20,745
ZP Victory Party
Zafer Partisi 		Ümit Özdağ Right-wing Turkish nationalism
Anti-immigration
2 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
BBP Great Unity Party
Büyük Birlik Partisi 		Mustafa Destici Far-right Turkish ultranationalism
Islamism
1 / 600
0 / 30
6 / 1,355
4 / 1,272
165 / 20,745
DEVA Democracy and Progress Party
Demokrasi ve Atılım Partisi 		Ali Babacan Centre[26] to centre-right[27][28] Liberal democracy[29]
Progressivism[30]
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
3 / 20,745
DBP Democratic Regions Party
Demokratik Bölgeler Partisi 		Saliha Aydeniz & Left-wing Democratic socialism
Social democracy
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
SP Felicity Party
Saadet Partisi 		Temel Karamollaoğlu Far-right Millî Görüş
Islamism
1 / 600
0 / 30
21 / 1,355
3 / 1,272
295 / 20,745
YP Innovation Party
Yenilik Partisi 		Öztürk Yılmaz Centre-left Civic nationalism
Nationalism
1 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
Independents
Bağımsızlar
10 / 600
Vacant
Boş
16 / 600
Total 600

The number of deputies required to form a political party group in the Turkish Parliament is 20.

Political parties with the same number of deputy members are listed alphabetically.

Other political parties[]

Other parties eligible to contest in elections (by April 2021)[31]

Party Leader Position Ideology MPs Metro. Mun. Municipalities Provincial council. Municipal Asse.
ANAP Motherland Party
Anavatan Partisi 		İbrahim Çelebi Centre-right Liberal conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
BTP Independent Turkey Party
Bağımsız Türkiye Partisi 		Hüseyin Baş Right-wing Economic nationalism
Social conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
DSP Democratic Left Party
Demokratik Sol Parti 		Önder Aksakal Centre-left Social democracy
Kemalism
0 / 600
0 / 30
4 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
97 / 20,745
GP Future Party
Gelecek Partisi 		Ahmet Davutoğlu Right-wing Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
GP Young Party
Genç Parti 		Hakan Uzan Centre Economic liberalism
Secularism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
HÜDA PAR Free Cause Party
Hür Dava Partisi 		Mehmet Yavuz Far-right Islamism
Religious conservatism
0 / 600
0 / 30
1 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
6 / 20,745
MYP Conservative Ascension Party
Muhafazakar Yükseliş Partisi 		Engin Yılmaz Right-wing Social conservatism
Turkish nationalism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
SOL Parti Left Party
SOL Parti 		Önder İşleyen Far-left Socialism
Left-wing populism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
0 / 20,745
TKP Communist Party of Turkey
Türkiye Komünist Partisi 		Kemal Okuyan Far-left Communism
Marxism–Leninism
0 / 600
0 / 30
1 / 1,355
3 / 1,272
11 / 20,745
VP Patriotic Party
Vatan Partisi 		Doğu Perinçek Far-left Left-wing nationalism
Eurasianism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
5 / 20,745
YRP New Welfare Party
Yeniden Refah Partisi 		Fatih Erbakan Far-right Millî Görüş
Islamism
0 / 600
0 / 30
0 / 1,355
0 / 1,272
5 / 20,745
Number of MPs: "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Milletvekilleri Dağılımı". Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (in Turkish). Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Retrieved 2021-02-16., Official member numbers, foundation years and leaders: "Siyasi Parti Genel Bilgileri". Yargıtay Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı (in Turkish). Court of Cassation. 2021-01-15. Retrieved 2020-11-15., Municipalities: "31 Mart 2019 Mahalli İdareler Seçimleri". T.C. Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (in Turkish). Supreme Electoral Council (Turkey). Retrieved 2020-11-06.

General information on other political parties registered in the Ministry of Interior:

Abbr. Party Name Turkish name Leader(s) Position Ideology Date of foundation
1920 TKP Socialist Liberation Party Toplumcu Kurtuluş Partisi Left-wing Communism

Marxism–Leninism

2012
SA Socialist Alternative Sosyalist Alternatif Collective leadership Far-left Socialism, Marxism, Trotskyism, Euroscepticism 2013
EMEP Labour Party Emek Partisi Selma Gürkan Left-wing Communism

Marxism–Leninism

1996
DSİP Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party Devrimci Sosyalist İşçi Partisi Şevket Doğan Tarkan Left-wing Trotskyism 1997
DİP Revolutionary Workers' Party Devrimci İşçi Partisi Ömer Sungur Savran Left-wing Trotskyism 2007
LDP Liberal Democratic Party Liberal Demokrat Parti Gültekin Tırpancı Centre Classical liberalism 1994
TSİP Socialist Workers' Party of Turkey Türkiye Sosyalist İşçi Partisi Turgut Koçak Left-wing Socialism

Marxism–Leninism|| 1993

YURT-P Homeland Party Yurt Partisi Conservative 2002
TURAN Turan Hareketi Partisi Far-right Nationalism, Turanism 2014
ÖTÜKEN Ötüken Union Party Ötüken Birliği Partisi Far-right Nationalism, Pan-Turkism 2017
ULUSAL National Party Ulusal Parti Gökçe Fırat Çulhaoğlu Far-right Nationalism 2010
MMP National Struggle Party Milli Mücadele Partisi Far-right Nationalism 2014
PPTR Pirate Party Turkey Korsan Parti Türkiye Tan Siret Akıncı Syncretic Pirate politics 2021
- Green Party Yeşiller Partisi Emine Özkan (female spokesperson)
Koray Doğan Urbarlı (male spokesperson)		 Green liberal 2020
- Green Left Party Yeşil Sol Parti Eylem Tuncaelli, Naci Sönmez Left-wing Green politics 2012
- Women's Party Kadın Partisi Fatma Benal Yazgan Left Feminism 2014
- Centre Party Merkez Parti Abdurrahim Karslı Centre Liberal 2014

Former[]

Inactive parties[]

The following parties are inactive, and they are not listed in the active political parties list by the Supreme Court of Appeal.[32]

Party Name Turkish name Abbr. Ideology Position
People's Communist Party of Turkey Halkın Türkiye Komünist Partisi HTKP Communism Far-left
Socialist Democracy Party Sosyalist Demokrasi Partisi SDP Socialism Left-wing
Democracy Party of Turkey & Kurdistan Türkiye Kürdistan Demokrasi Partisi T-KDP Kurdish nationalism Centre-left
Alternative and Change Party Alternatif ve Değişim Partisi AL PARTİ Conservative Right-wing
Nation and Justice Party Millet ve Adalet Partisi MİLAD Conservative Centre-right
People's Ascent Party Halkın Yükselişi Partisi HYP Liberal
Turkey's Change Movement Türkiye Değişim Hareketi TDH Liberal
Social Reconciliation Reform and Development Party Toplumsal Uzlaşma Reform ve Kalkınma Partisi TURK-P Nationalism
Independent Republican Party Bağımsız Cumhuriyet Partisi BCP Nationalism Centre-left
Rights and Equality Party Hak ve Eşitlik Partisi HEPAR Nationalism
Electronic Democracy Party Elektronik Demokrasi Partisi e-Parti Liberal Centre

Defunct and historical parties[]

These are some of the parties that were dismantled because of their internal dynamics, mergers, inability to find electoral base or through governmental intervention, for instance following the Turkish coups d'état.

Defunct and historical parties
Party Name Position Notes
Alternative Party (Alternatif Parti) Right-wing Conservative
Participatory Democracy Party (Katılımcı Demokrasi Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2019
Anatolia Party (Anadolu Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2015
Democratic Left People's Party (Demokratik Sol Halk Partisi) Centre-left dissolved in 2010
New Turkey Party (2002) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi) Left-wing joined CHP in 2004
Social Democracy Party (SODEP) (Sosyal Demokrat Parti) Centre-left merged with People's Party to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
People's Party (Halkçı Parti) Left-wing merged with SODEP to form Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP) in 1985
Social Democratic Populist Party (Sosyaldemokrat Halkçı Parti) Left-wing merged with CHP in 1995
Republican Villagers Nation Party (Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi) Nationalist merger of two parties, replaced by MHP in 1969
Nationalist Task Party (Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi) Nationalist replaced by MHP in 1992
Nationalist Democracy Party (Milliyetçi Demokrasi Partisi) Nationalist dissolved 1986
Greens of Turkey (Yeşiller Partisi) Green politics merged with EDP to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Equality and Democracy Party (Eşitlik ve Demokrasi Partisi) Green politics merged with the Greens to form Greens and the Left Party of the Future (Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi) in 2012.
Justice Party (Adalet Partisi) Conservative, right-wing closed on 12 September 1980
Communist Party (Komünist Parti) Far-left Member of United June Movement, Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties and International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties. Founded in 2014, Dissolved in 2017
Democrat Party (Demokrat Parti) Right-wing 1946-1961
Nation Party (Millet Partisi) Right-wing 1948–1953 and 1962–1977
New Party (Yeni Parti) Centre-left dissolved 2012
Democratic Party (Demokrat Parti) Right-wing 1970-1980
Democratic Center Party (Demokratik Merkez Partisi) Right-wing merged into DYP on September 14, 1991
True Path Party (Doğru Yol Partisi) Right-wing merged with Motherland Party into Democrat Party (Turkey, 2007) in 2007
New Turkey Party (1961) (Yeni Türkiye Partisi) Right-wing joined to Justice Party in 1973
People's Voice Party (Halkın Sesi Partisi) Right-wing dissolved in 2012
Turkey Party (Türkiye Partisi) Right-wing dissolved in 2012
Liberal Republican Party (Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası) Liberal dissolved itself in 1930
Liberty Party (Hürriyet Partisi) Liberal joined CHP in 1958
National Salvation Party (Milli Selâmet Partisi) Sunni Islamist closed on 12 September 1980
National Development Party (Milli Kalkınma Partisi) Sunni Islamist

Banned parties[]

These are some of the parties that were banned through extraordinary courts or the Constitutional Court of Turkey.

Banned parties
Party Name Position Notes
(Vatan Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1954
Workers Party of Turkey (Türkiye İşçi Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1971, represented in the national senate in early 1960s. (1961–1987) eventually merged with the Communist Party of Turkey in 1987.
United Communist Party of Turkey (Türkiye Birleşik Komünist Partisi) Left-wing banned in 1991; ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 1998 (1987–1991)
Labour Party (Turkey) (Emek Partisi) Left-wing ban found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2005, and re-established
Progressive Republican Party (Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası) Conservative banned on 3 June 1925 (1924–1925)
National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 20 May 1971 (1970–1971)
Welfare Party (Refah Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 16 January 1998; (1983-1998)

ban upheld by European Convention on Human Rights 2003

Virtue Party (Fazilet Partisi) Sunni Islamist banned on 22 June 2001; (1998-2001) ECHR case withdrawn by applicant 2005
People's Labor Party (Halkın Emek Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned in July 1993 (1990-1993)
Democracy Party (Demokrasi Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 16 June 1994; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2002 (1993-1994)
People’s Democracy Party (Halkın Demokrasi Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 13 March 2003; found contrary to Article 11 (freedom of association) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2010 (1994-2003)
Democratic Society Party (Demokratik Toplum Partisi) Kurdish nationalist banned on 11 December 2009; ECHR case ongoing (2005-2009)[citation needed]
Great Turkey Party (Büyük Türkiye Partisi) Turkish nationalist banned in 1983

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "We are starting the legal process to use our democratic right!". Green Party (Turkey). Retrieved 2021-03-22.
  2. ^ "Duties Relating to Political Parties". Court of Cassation (Turkey). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
  3. ^ "Siyasi Parti Üyeliği".
  4. ^ https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/milletvekillerimiz_sd.dagilim
  5. ^ Soner Çağaptay (17 October 2015). "Turkey's divisions are so deep they threaten its future". Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  6. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya". Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  7. ^ "AKP and the great neo-Ottoman travesty".
  8. ^ "Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi - Parti İçi Eğitim Birimi" (PDF).
  9. ^ Oxford Analytica (2019). Turkish leader will assess and address opposition wins.
  10. ^ Celep 2014, p. 166.
  11. ^ "HDP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2014. Yerel demokrasi anlayışımız, temsili demokrasiyi aşan doğrudan demokrasiye dayanır ... Demokrasiyi temsili meclisle sınırlı görmeyen Partimiz, halkın tartışma, örgütlenme ve karar mekanizmalarına doğrudan katılımının önündeki tüm engellerin kaldırılmasını, her düzeyde halk denetiminin geliştirilmesini, halkın söz ve karar hakkını savunur ve gerçekleştirir.
  12. ^ "Turkish far right on the rise". The Independent. 20 April 1999. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  13. ^ Avcı, Gamze (September 2011). "The Nationalist Movement Party's Euroscepticism: Party Ideology Meets Strategy" (PDF). South European Society and Politics. Routledge. 16 (3): 435–447. doi:10.1080/13608746.2011.598359. ISSN 1743-9612. S2CID 154513216. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  14. ^ Çınar, Alev; Burak Arıkan (2002). "The Nationalist Action Party: Representing the State, the Nation or the Nationalists?". In Barry Rubin & Metin Heper (ed.). Political Parties in Turkey. Londra: Routledge. p. 25. ISBN 0714652741.
  15. ^ " "MHP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). p. 14-15. Retrieved 18 January 2014. İnsan hak ve hürriyetleri, hukukun üstünlüğü ve adalet gibi değerler, Türk Milliyetçiliği'nin ilk ve temel adımları ve Milliyetçi Hareket Partisinin temel referanslarıdır.[dead link]
  16. ^ " "MHP Parti Programı" (in Turkish). p. 16. Retrieved 18 January 2014.[dead link]
  17. ^ Uras, Umut (25 October 2017). "Ex-Turkish minister Meral Aksener launches new party". Al Jazeera English. Meral Aksener, ex-interior minister, unveils centrist Good Party
  18. ^ "İyi Parti - Parti Programı" (PDF). 25 October 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
  19. ^ "Ümit Özdağ: Merkez sağ değil, milli merkez". Hürriyet. 13 August 2017.
  20. ^ "Turkey's Good Party emerges as serious challenger to Erdogan". Euronews. 10 January 2018.
  21. ^ Uras, Umut (29 March 2019). "New test for Erdogan: What's at stake in Turkish local elections?". www.aljazeera.com. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  22. ^ "Turkey's priority must be democracy, says main opposition CHP chair - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. 10 May 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  23. ^ Bozkurt, Abdullah (23 July 2019). "Racist thug shapes policies of opposition IYI Party in Turkey". Nordic Monitor. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  24. ^ "İYİ Parti programı" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  25. ^ "Turkish nationalists form new party challenging Erdogan | DW | 25.10.2017".
  26. ^ "Where do you position the DEVA Party on the political spectrum?". DEVA. 1 December 2020.
  27. ^ "Turkey's Ali Babacan to offer a detailed reform strategy in his new party programme".
  28. ^ https://wms.flexious.be/editor/plugins/imagemanager/content/2140/PDF/2020/Turkey_political_parties.pdf
  29. ^ "Siyaset Bilimciler DEVA'yı Değerlendirdi Ali Babacan Liberal Restorasyon Vadediyor". evrensel.net. 13 March 2020. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020.
  30. ^ "DEVA Partisi Genel Başkanı Ali Babacan: Atatürk'ün ilerlemeye yaptığı vurguya ithafta bulunduk". Yeni Çağ Gazetesi (in Turkish). 2020-07-07. Retrieved 2021-03-06.
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  32. ^ "Faaliyette Olan Siyasi Partiler". The Supreme Court of Appeal. Retrieved 22 March 2021.

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