List of political parties in France

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France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that in order to participate in the exercise of power any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements.

The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.

Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions:

  • on the centre-left, one led by the Socialist Party and with minor partners such as The Greens and the Radical Party of the Left.
  • on the centre-right, one led by The Republicans (and previously its predecessors, the Union for a Popular Movement, Rally for the Republic) and the Union of Democrats and Independents.

This was the case until the 2017 presidential election, when Emmanuel Macron of the centrist La République En Marche! defeated Marine Le Pen of the right-wing National Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory for LREM in the 2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.

The National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as a major party in France, finishing in first place in the 2014 and 2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections,[1] though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions in Hauts-de-France and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.[2]

Elected parties[]

Major nationwide represented parties[]

Name Abbr. National
coalition		 Leader or chair Députés Senators MEPs Presidency of
regional councils		 Presidency of
departmental councils 		Political
position		 Ideology
La République
En Marche! 		LREM Citizens
Together 		Stanislas Guerini
270 / 577
17 / 348
11 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Liberalism,
Pro-Europeanism
The Republicans
(See also UMP & RPR) 		LR LR group Christian Jacob
102 / 577
138 / 348
7 / 74
7 / 17
44 / 101
 Centre-right Christian democracy,
Gaullism
Socialist Party PS New Left Olivier Faure
25 / 577
63 / 348
2 / 74
5 / 17
27 / 101
 Centre-left Social democracy

Other nationwide represented parties[]

Party Abbr. National
coalition		 Leader or chair Députés Senators MEPs Presidency of
regional councils		 Presidency of
departmental councils		 Political
position		 Ideology
Territories of Progress TDP LREM Xavier Iacovelli
46 / 577
4 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Social liberalism, Social democracy, Pro-Europeanism
Democratic Movement MoDem Citizens Together François Bayrou
39 / 577
6 / 348
5 / 74
0 / 17
1 / 101
 Centre to centre-right Liberalism, social liberalism, Christian democracy
En Commun EC LREM
22 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Green politics
La France Insoumise FI None Jean-Luc Mélenchon
17 / 577
0 / 348
5 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing to far-left Democratic socialism, eco-socialism, left-wing populism, environmentalism, alter-globalisation, soft Euroscepticism
Radical Party RAD Citizens Together, LT Laurent Hénart,
Sylvia Pinel
10 / 577
19 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Liberalism, pro-Europeanism
French Communist Party PCF GDR Pierre Laurent
10 / 577
18 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
1 / 101
 Left-wing Communism, soft Euroscepticism
Agir Citizens Together, Agir ensemble
9 / 577
6 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre to centre-right Liberalism, social liberalism, Christian democracy
Left Party PG None Eric Coquerel,
Danielle Simonnet
8 / 577
0 / 348
5 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Democratic socialism, left-wing populism, environmentalism, alter-globalisation, soft Euroscepticism
National Rally RN RBM Marine Le Pen
6 / 577
2 / 348
20 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Far-right French nationalism, national conservatism, souverainism, protectionism, right-wing populism, anti-immigration, Euroscepticism
The Centrists LC LT Hervé Morin
5 / 577
9 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre to centre-right Centrism, conservative liberalism, Christian democracy
Centrist Alliance AC LREM Philippe Folliot
4 / 577
3 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Centrism, liberalism
The New Democrats ND EELV Aurélien Taché
Émilie Cariou
4 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Social liberalism, Social democracy, Environmentalism
Soyons libres SL LR Valérie Pécresse
3 / 577
2 / 348
0 / 74
1 / 17
1 / 101
 Liberal conservatism, Gaullism, Economic liberalism, Pro-Europeanism
Radical Party of the Left PRG
3 / 577
2 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
2 / 101
 Centre-left Social liberalism, Pro-Europeanism
Ecologist Party PE LREM François de Rugy
3 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Green politics, green liberalism, environmentalism, social-liberalism, European federalism
Centrist Alliance AC MoDem, LREM Jean Arthuis
2 / 577
9 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Liberalism, pro-Europeanism, centrism
Democratic European Force FED UDI Jean-Christophe Lagarde
2 / 577
4 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-right Centrism, social liberalism, pro-Europeanism, Christian democracy
Mouvement des citoyens MDC SOC Jean-Marie Alexandre
2 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Social democracy, souverainism
Reconquête R! None Éric Zemmour
2 / 577
0 / 348
4 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Far-right National conservatism, Anti-immigration, Gaullism, Soft Euroscepticism
Horizons Citizens Together Édouard Philippe
2 / 577
0 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 centre-right Liberal conservatism, Christian democracy
Ensemble! FI group None
2 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Socialism, eco-socialism, anti-globalisation
Movement of Progressives MdP EDS Robert Hue
1 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Democratic socialism
Place Publique PP Raphaël Glucksmann
1 / 577
0 / 348
2 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Social democracy, Pro-Europeanism
Debout la France DLF None Nicolas Dupont-Aignan
1 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Right-wing to far-right French nationalism, national conservatism, Gaullism, Republicanism, souverainism, social conservatism, Euroscepticism
LEF LT
1 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Green politics
The Patriots LP Florian Philippot
1 / 577
2 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Right-wing to far-right Euroscepticism, souverainism, Gaullism, populism, statism, animal rights
Republican and Socialist Left GRS FI group, MRC Emmanuel Maurel,
Marie-Noëlle Lienemann
1 / 577
1 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Socialism, Euroscepticism, economic interventionism, statism
Citizen and Republican Movement MRC NG Jean-Luc Laurent
1 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Gaullism, souverainism, democratic socialism, soft Euroscepticism, protectionism
Résistons! None Jean Lassalle
1 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Ruralism, humanism, localism, sovereignty
Initiative démocratique de gauche
1 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left Social democracy
Europe Ecology – The Greens EELV None David Cormand
0 / 577
10 / 348
9 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left to left-wing Green politics
La Force du 13 LFD13 None Jean-Noël Guérini
0 / 577
2 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Left-wing Social democracy
Modern Left LGM UDI Jean-Marie Bockel
0 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre Social liberalism
Génération citoyens GC Jean-Marie Cavada
0 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre to right-wing Social liberalism
0 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
MLM Philippe Adnot
0 / 577
1 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
New Deal ND &
0 / 577
0 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre-left to left-wing Progressivism, Keynesianism, European federalism
Cap Ecology Cap écologie LREM Corinne Lepage
0 / 577
0 / 348
1 / 74
0 / 17
0 / 101
 Centre to centre-left Environmentalism, Green liberalism, Green politics
Génération.s None Benoît Hamon
0 / 577
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 17
1 / 101
 Centre-left to left-wing Social democracy, democratic socialism

Regional Parties with national representation[]

Territory Party Abbr. National
coalition		 Leader or chair Députés Senators MEPs Presidency of
regional councils		 Presidency of
departmental councils		 Political
position		 Ideology
 Corsica Femu a Corsica Femu LT Gilles Simeoni
2 / 4
1 / 2
1 / 74
1 / 1
 Centre Corsican nationalism, Corsican autonomism
 New Caledonia Caledonia Together CE UDI Philippe Gomès
2 / 2
1 / 2
0 / 74
0 / 1
 centre-right Anti-separatism, Progressivism, Protectionism, Environmentalism, Christian democracy
 French Polynesia Tapura Huiraatira TH Agir ensemble Édouard Fritch
1 / 3
2 / 2
0 / 74
1 / 1
 Centre-right Liberalism, French Polynesian autonomy, Anti-independence
 Guadeloupe United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible GUSR LREM
1 / 4
1 / 3
0 / 74
1 / 1
 Centre-left Social democracy, Social liberalism, Autonomism
 French Guiana Guiana Rally GR LREM Rodolphe Alexandre
1 / 2
1 / 2
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Centre
 Réunion Pour La Réunion PLR GDR Huguette Bello
1 / 7
0 / 348
0 / 74
1 / 1
 Left-wing Post-marxism, Social democracy, Regionalism
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Cap sur l'avenir LREM Annick Girardin
1 / 4
0 / 1
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Centre-left Classical radicalism
 French Polynesia Tavini Huiraatira TH GDR Oscar Temaru
1 / 3
0 / 2
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Left-wing French Polynesian independence, Social democracy, Democratic socialism, Progressivism
 Corsica Party of the Corsican Nation PNC LT
1 / 4
0 / 2
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Left-wing Corsican nationalism, Left-wing nationalism, Social democracy
 Martinique Build the Martinique Country SOC
1 / 4
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Left-wing Post-marxism, Seperatism
 Martinique GDR Jean-Philippe Nilor, Marcelin Nadeau
1 / 4
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Left-wing Post-marxism, Seperatism
 Réunion Rézistan's Égalité 974 RÉ974 FI group Jean-Hugues Ratenon
1 / 7
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Left-wing Social democracy, Regionalism
 Picardy[a] Picardie debout FI group François Ruffin
1 / 10
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 1
0 / 3
 Far-left Anti-capitalism, protectionism, left-wing souverainism, left-wing populism, participatory democracy, eco-socialism
 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Ligue du Sud LS RBM Jacques Bompard
1 / 20
0 / 348
0 / 74
0 / 1
0 / 5
 Far-right National conservatism, souverainism, identitarian, anti-globalization, regionalism, patriotism, localism, Poujadism, liberal conservatism
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Archipelago Tomorrow AD RDSE
0 / 1
1 / 1
0 / 74
0 / 1
 Centre-right Christian democracy, Social conservatism

Region only parties[]

Acronym and Name National coalition Leader or Chairman Territorial councillors Ideology
LMR: Rurality Movement None Regional:
6 / 1,880
 Traditional rural values; refusal of environmental legislation and regulations restricting the right to hunt and fish, conservative, Eurosceptic
MEI: Independent Ecological Movement None Antoine Waechter Regional:
3 / 1,880
 Green politics, Centrism, anti-nuclear
NPA: New Anticapitalist Party None Christine Poupin Regional:
2 / 1,880
 Anti-capitalism, democratic socialism, eco-socialism, alter-globalisation

Non-elected parties[]

Acronym and Name National coalition Leader or Chairman Political Position
AF: French Action None Monarchism, nationalism, conservatism, Euroscepticism,
UPR: Popular Republican Union None François Asselineau French nationalism, Hard Euroscepticism
CJ: Comités Jeanne None Jean-Marie Le Pen Nationalism, Euroscepticism, souverainism
AR: Royal Alliance None Pierre Bernard Monarchism (Orléanism), conservatism, Euroscepticism
NAR: New Royalist Action None Bertrand Renouvin Monarchism, conservatism, Euroscepticism, Gaullism
RD: Democratic Rally None Philippe Cartellier Monarchism, conservatism, Gaullism, Capetism
GE: Ecology Generation None Green politics, green conservatism, centre-right
GR: Revolutionary Left None Collective Marxism, socialism, Trotskyism
PCOF: Workers' Communist Party of France None Collective Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Hoxhaism, Anti-revisionism
POI: Independent Workers' Party None Daniel Gluckstein, , , Gérard Schivardi Communism, Trotskyism, Marxism, proletarian internationalism
PRCF: Pole of Communist Revival in France None Communism, Marxism-Leninism, Left-wing nationalism
OCML-VP: Marxist–Leninist Communist Organization – Proletarian Way None Collective Communism, Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
PP: Pirate Party None Maxime Rouquet, Guillaume Lecoquierre Intellectual property reform, protection of privacy and individual liberty
LO: Workers' Struggle None Nathalie Arthaud, spokeswoman Trotskyism, internationalism, feminism
PLD: Liberal Democratic Party None Classical liberalism
FA: Anarchist Federation None Collective Anarchist Synthesist, anarchism without adjectives
AL: Alternative Libertaire None Collective Anarchist Communism
PL: Libertarian Party None Guilhem d'Urbal Libertarianism
UCL: Libertarian Communist Union None Collective Anarchist Communism, Anarcha-feminism
JC: New Jacobin Party None Gerald d'Ouvril, acting leader

Maximilien Robespierre, youth leader

Jacobinism, Republicanism
Volt: Volt France None Fabiola Conti, Sven Franck European federalism, Social liberalism, Progressivism, Pro-Europeanism

French Revolution[]

  • Jacobin Club - Centre-left to left-wing
    • Girondist -Girondist - Centre-left
    • Maraisards - Syncretic
    • Montagnards - Radicalism
  • Cordeliers Club - Left-wing to far-left
  • Feuillants Club
  • Enragés - Far-left
  • Monarchiens - Centre to centre-right
  • Club de Clichy - Right-wing
  • Bonapartists (1815)

Historical parties[]

Political parties in French overseas possessions[]

Historical parties[]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ part of Hauts-de-France

References[]

  1. ^ "Elections régionales : le FN vainqueur du premier tour". Le Monde.fr.
  2. ^ "Régionales : le PS se retire en PACA et dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie". 6 December 2015.
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