List of Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of Turkish diplomats killed by Armenian militant organisations.[1][2][3][4][5] The list includes families of diplomats as well as staff members killed as a result of attacks directed against Turkish diplomats.[6]

The attacks that are listed here begin with the assassination of Mehmet Baydar, Turkish Consul General to Los Angeles and Bahadır Demir, Consul at the same Consulate General.[7] Although the attacks against Turkish diplomats began with these assassinations in 1973 by an individual perpetrator, Kourken Yanigian, the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) and Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide (JCAG) have assumed or been accused of the responsibility of attacks against Turkish diplomats and other Turkish interests in 16 countries between 1975 and 1984.[8][9][10]

The U.S. Department of State, under President Ronald Reagan — as well as the militants themselves — attribute the assassinations to Turkey's open denial of the Armenian genocide.[11] ASALA itself[12] and other sources[13][14][15][16] described it as a guerilla and armed[17] organisation. Some sources, including the Azerbaijani[18] and American[19] departments of state, as well as the Turkish Department of Culture,[20] listed it as a terrorist organisation.[21][22][23][24][25]

1970s[]

List of assassinated Turkish diplomats in the 1970s
Name Diplomatic Mission Title Date
Mehmet Baydar  Santa Barbara, California Consul General 27 January 1973 [7]
Bahadır Demir Consul
İsmail Erez  Paris Ambassador 24 October 1975 [26][27][28]
Talip Yener Driver for the Ambassador [29]
Daniş Tunalıgil  Vienna Ambassador 27 October 1975 [30]
Oktar Cirit  Beirut First Secretary 16 February 1976 [31][32]
Taha Carım   Holy See Ambassador 9 June 1977 [33]
Necla Kuneralp  Madrid Wife of Turkish Ambassador to Madrid 2 June 1978 [34]
Beşir Balcıoğlu Retired Ambassador, brother of Ms. Kuneralp [35]
Ahmet Benler  The Hague Ambassador's son 12 October 1979 [36]
Yılmaz Çolpan  Paris Tourism Counsellor 22 December 1979 [37]

1980s[]

List of assassinated Turkish diplomats in the 1980s
Name Diplomatic Mission Title Date Notes
Galip Özmen  Athens Attaché 31 July 1980 [38][39][40]
Neslihan Özmen Daughter of Attaché Özmen
Şarık Arıyak  Sydney Consul General 17 December 1980 [41][42][43]
Attaché
 Paris Labour Attaché 4 March 1981
Religion Officer
  Geneva Local Secretary 9 June 1981
 Paris Attaché 24 September 1981
Kemal Arıkan  Los Angeles Consul General 28 January 1982 killed by JCAG member Hampig Sassounian and an accomplice
Orhan Gündüz Honorary Consul General 4 May 1982
Erkut Akbay  Lisbon Administrative Attaché 7 June 1982 [44]
Atilla Altıkat  Ottawa Colonel, Military Attaché 27 August 1982 [45]
 Burgas Administrative Attaché 9 September 1982
Nadide Akbay  Lisbon Administrative Attaché's Wife 11 January 1983 J[46]
Galip Balkar  Belgrade Ambassador 9 March 1983 [47]
Dursun Aksoy  Brussels Administrative Attaché 14 July 1983 [48][49][50]
Cahide Mıhçıoğlu  Lisbon Counselor's Wife 27 July 1983
 Tehran Local Secretary's Husband 28 April 1984
 Vienna Labour Attaché 20 June 1984
International Officer 19 November 1984

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Nicholas V. Gianaris (1996). Geopolitical and Economic Changes in the Balkan Countries. Praeger Publishers. p. 75.
  2. ^ Francis P. Hyland, Armenian Terrorism: the Past, the Present, the Prospects, Boulder-San Francisco-Oxford: Westview Press, 1991, pp. 61–62;
  3. ^ Yves Ternon, La Cause arménienne, Paris: Le Seuil, 1983, p. 218;
  4. ^ The Armenian Reporter, 19 January 1984, p. 1.
  5. ^ Gaïdz Minassian, Guerre et terrorisme arméniens, Paris, Presses universitaires de France, 2002, pp. 32–34 and 106–109.
  6. ^ "Diplomat memorial stirs controversy". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 21 September 2012. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  7. ^ a b "Beaver County Times - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  8. ^ von John E. Jessup (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945–1996. pp. 39–40, 543, 841. ISBN 0-313-28112-2.
  9. ^ Merrill D. Peterson (2004). "Starving Armenians": America and the Armenian Genocide, 1915–1930 and After. p. 166. ISBN 978-0813922676.
  10. ^ Barry Rubin, Barry M. Rubin, Judith Colp Rubin, "Chronologies of modern terrorism, M.E. Sharpe, 2008, p. 68
  11. ^ Fortier, Donald. "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections, Collection: "Fortier, Donald: Files," Folder Title: "Turkish Armenian File: [US Department of State Remarks on the Armenian Genocide]," Box: RAC Box 19" (PDF). Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. p. 8–10; 42. Retrieved 16 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ Jürgen Gottschlich: Beihilfe zum Völkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier. Christoph Links-Verlag, 2015. . Digitalisat
  13. ^ Political dissent: an international guide to dissident, extra-parliamentary, guerrilla, and illegal political movements, by Henry W. Degenhardt, Alan John Day, Gale Research Company, 1983, p. 489
  14. ^ Remembering with Vengeance, by Pico Iyer – Time, № 32, 8 August 1983
  15. ^ The Caucasus: an introduction, by Frederik Coene, 2009 – 238 pages, p. 221
  16. ^ The history of Turkey, by Douglas Arthur Howard – 2001 – 241 pages, p. 161
  17. ^ Untold Histories of the Middle East, by Amy Singer, Christoph Neumann, Selcuk Somel – 2010 – 240 pages, p. 27
  18. ^ Armenian Aggression Against Azerbaijan at the Wayback Machine (archived June 25, 2008)
  19. ^ United States Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism Report: 1989 Archived 2014-02-19 at the Wayback Machine, p 57
  20. ^ Das Armenier-Problem, Behauptungen – Tatsachen at the Wayback Machine (archived January 11, 2012)
  21. ^ Jessup (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 39. ISBN 0-313-28112-2. Archived from the original on 1 January 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2020. A leftist separatist terrorist group that, before 1984, was quite active in the European area, ASALA began its operations before 1975.
  22. ^ ISBN 0-313-28112-2, ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9, p. 39
  23. ^ Michel Wieviorka, David Gordon White. The making of terrorism. University of Chicago Press, 1993. ISBN 0-226-89650-1, ISBN 978-0-226-89650-2, p. 256
  24. ^ Bruce Hoffman. Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-231-12699-9, ISBN 978-0-231-12699-1, p. 71
  25. ^ Göçek, Fatma Müge (2011). The Transformation of Turkey: Redefining State and the Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era. I.B. Tauris. p. 151.
  26. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197510220001". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 30 October 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  27. ^ "Armenians Web Portal". Archived from the original on 21 May 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2010.
  28. ^ "Observer Reporter". 25 October 1975. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  29. ^ Barry Rubin, Barry M. Rubin, Judith Colp Rubin, "Chronologies of modern terrorism Archived 2016-12-28 at the Wayback Machine, M.E. Sharpe, 2008, p. 69
  30. ^ Cindy, C. Combs; W. Slann, Martin (2007). "Encyclopedia of Terrorism". Infobase Publishing: 394. ISBN 9781438110196.
  31. ^ "Turkey remembers diplomat killed in Beirut in 1976 - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  32. ^ Şehit Diplomatlarımız (1973-1994). Ankara: Bilgi Yayınevi. 2000. ISBN 975-494-924-7.
  33. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197706090001". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  34. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197806020002". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  35. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197806020002". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  36. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197910120003". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  37. ^ "Incident Summary for GTDID: 197912220006". UMD Global Terrorism Database. National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  38. ^ Times, Special to The New York (1 August 1980). "Turkish Envoy Is Slain in Athens". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  39. ^ "Turk killed in Greece The Spokesman Review - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 24 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  40. ^ Melkonian, Markar (2008). My Brother's Road: an American's Fateful Journey to Armenia. I.B. Tauris & Company, Limited. pp. 84–85. ISBN 1845115309.
  41. ^ "Assassination of Turkish Consul-General and his bodyguard - NSW Police Public Site". www.police.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  42. ^ Molloy, Roger Collier, Paul Molloy and Susan (13 August 2020). "From the Archives, 1980: Political murder in a quiet Sydney street". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  43. ^ Cormack, Lucy (13 August 2020). "'Calculated act of terror:' Police divers find clues in 40-year-old assassination mystery". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  44. ^ Reuters (8 June 1982). "AROUND THE WORLD; Turkish Envoy in Lisbon Is Killed by Gunman". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  45. ^ "Monument honoring Turkish diplomat opens in Ottawa". Hürriyet Daily News. 21 September 2012. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  46. ^ Ap (11 January 1983). "Turk Wounded in June Attack By Armenian Terrorists Dies". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  47. ^ Terrorist Group Profiles. ISBN 1-56806-864-6. August 1989, p. 53
  48. ^ Upi (15 July 1983). "AROUND THE WORLD; Turk Slain in Brussels; Armenians Claim Deed". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  49. ^ "The Montreal Gazette - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  50. ^ "Sarasota Herald-Tribune - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 14 January 2022.

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