List of the Dead Sea Scrolls
List of the Dead Sea Scrolls | |
---|---|
Material | Papyrus, Parchment, and Bronze |
Writing | Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Nabataean |
Created | Est. 408 BC to 318 AD |
Discovered | 1946/7 - 1956 |
Present location | Various |
The following is a list of the Dead Sea Scrolls from the caves near Qumran. The Dead Sea Scrolls is a collection of manuscripts discovered between 1946 and 1956 in the West Bank near the Dead Sea.
List of manuscripts[]
Information is not always comprehensive, as content for many scrolls has not yet been fully published. Some resources for more complete information on the scrolls are the book by Emanuel Tov, "Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert"[1] for a complete list of all of the Dead Sea Scroll texts, as well as the online webpages for the Shrine of the Book[2] and the Leon Levy Collection,[3] both of which present photographs and images of the scrolls and fragments themselves for closer study.
Qumran Cave 1[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 1 | |||||||
1QIsaa | Great Isaiah Scroll | Isaiah 1:1–31; 2:1–22; 3:1–5:30; 6:1–13; 7:1–25; 8:1–23; 9:1–20; 10:1–34; 11:1–45:25; 46:1–66:24 | Hebrew | 356–103 BCE/150–100 BCE | Contains all 66 chapters with occasional lacunae and some missing words at the bottom of some columns | [4][5] | |
1QIsab | Isaiah | cf. 1Q8 | The Book of Isaiah | Hebrew | Hasmonean/Herodian | A second copy of portions of the Book of Isaiah | [6][7] |
1QS | Serekh ha-Yahad or "Community Rule" | Hebrew | cf. 4QSa-j = 4Q255–64, 5Q11 | [8] | |||
1QpHab | Pesher on Habakkuk | Habakkuk 1 -2 | Hebrew | Later half of the 1st century BC | Commentary on Habakkuk 1:2–17; 2:1–20 | [9][10] | |
1QM | Milhamah or War Scroll | Hebrew | cf. 4Q491, 4Q493; 11Q14? | ||||
1QHa | Hodayot or Thanksgiving Hymns | Hebrew | Some parts are also preserved in 1QHb and 4QHa-f | [11] | |||
1QapGen | Genesis Apocryphon | Genesis 12:18–15:4 | Aramaic | 25 BCE–50 CE | [12] | ||
CTLevi | Cairo Geniza or Testament of Levi | Aramaic | |||||
1QGen | Genesis | 1Q1 | Genesis 1:18–21; 3:11–14; 22:13–15; 23:17–19; 24:22–24 | Hebrew | Herodian | [13][14] | |
1QExod | Exodus | 1Q2 | Exodus 16:12–16; 19:24–20:2, 20:5–6; 20:25–21:1; 21:4–5 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][15] | |
1QpaleoLev | Leviticus – Numbers | 1Q3 | Leviticus 11:10–11; 19:30–34; 20:20–24; 21:24–22:6; 23:4–8 and Numbers 1:48–50 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman; Palaeo-Hebrew script | [13][16] | |
1QDeuta | Deuteronomy | 1Q4 | Deuteronomy 1:22–25; 4:47–49; 8:18–19; 9:27–28; 11:27–30; 13:1–6, 13–14; 14:21, 24–25; 16:4, 6–7 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][17][18] | |
1QDeutb | 1Q5 | Deuteronomy 1:9–13; 8:8–9; 9:10; 11:30–31; 15:14–15; 17:16; 21:8–9; 24:10–16; 25:13–18; 28:44–48; 29:9–20; 30:19–20; 31:1–10, 12–13; 32:17–29; 33:12–24 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][17][19] | ||
1QJudg | Judges | 1Q6 | Judges 6:20–22; 8:1(?); 9:2–6, 28–31, 40–43, 48–49 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][20] | |
1QSam | Samuel | 1Q7 | 2 Samuel 18:17–18; 2 Samuel 20:6–10; 21:16–18; 23:9–12 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][21] | |
1QIsab | Isaiah | Parts of 1QIsab as 1Q8 | Isaiah 7:22–25; 8:1; 10:17–19; 12:3–6; 13:1–8, 16–19; 15:3–9; 16:1–2, 7–11; 19:7–17, 20–25; 20:1; 22:11–18, 24–25; 23:1–4; 24:18–23; 25:1–8; 26:1–5; 28:15–20; 29:1–8; 30:10–14, 21–26; 35:4–5; 37:8–12; 38:12–22; 39:1–8; 40:2–3; 41:3–23; 43:1–13, 23–27; 44:21–28; 45:1–13; 46:3–13; 47:1–14; 48:17–22; 49:1–15; 50:7–11; 51:1–10; 52:7–15; 53:1–12; 54:1–6; 55:2–13; 56:1–12; 57:1–4, 17–21; 58:1–14; 59:1–8, 20–21; 60:1–22; 61:1–2; 62:2–12; 63:1–19; 64:1, 6–8; 65:17–25; 66:1–24 | Hebrew | Herodian | [6][13] | |
1QEzek | Ezekiel | Parts of 1QIsab as 1Q9 | Ezekiel 4:16–17; 5:1 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][22] | |
1QPsa | Psalms | 1Q10 | Psalm 86:5–8; 92:12–14; 94:16; 95:11–96:2; 119:31–34, 43–48, 77–79 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][23] | |
1QPsb | 1Q11 | Psalm 126:6; 127:1–5; 128:3 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [13][24] | ||
1QPsc | 1Q12 | Psalm 44:3–5, 7, 9, 23–25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [13][25] | ||
1QPhyl | Phylactery | 1Q13 | Deuteronomy 5:23–27; 11:8–11 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | 58 fragments from a Phylactery | [17][26][27] |
1QpMic | Pesher on Micah | 1Q14 | Hebrew | Herodian | [26][28] | ||
1QpZeph | Pesher on Zephaniah | 1Q15 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [26][29] | ||
1QpPs | Pesher on Psalms | 1Q16 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [26][30] | ||
1QJuba | Jubilees | 1Q17 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Jubilees | [26][31] | |
1QJubb | 1Q18 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Jubilees | [26][32] | ||
1QNoah | Book of Noah | 1Q19 | Hebrew | Herodian | Parts of the lost Book of Noah | [26][33] | |
1QapGen | Fragments of the "Genesis Apocryphon" | 1Q20 | Aramaic | Herodian | [34][35] | ||
1QTLevi / 1QALD | Testament of Levi | 1Q21 | Aramaic | Hasmonean | Aramaic Levi Document | [36][37] | |
1QDM | "Dibrê Moshe" or "Words of Moses" | 1Q22 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [36][38] | ||
1QEnGiantsa | Book of Giants | 1Q23 | Aramaic | Hasmonean | Enoch | [39][40] | |
1QEnGiantsb | Book of Giants | 1Q24 | Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | Enoch | [39][41] | |
1Q Apocr.Prophecy | "Apocryphal Prophecy" | 1Q25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [42][43] | ||
1Q Instruction | "Instruction" | 1Q26 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [42][44] | ||
1QMyst | "The Book of Mysteries" | 1Q27 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [42][45] | ||
1QS or 1QSa | "Rule of the Congregation" | 1Q28 (1Q28a) | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragment from "Community Rule" | [42][46] | |
1QSb | "Rule of the Blessing" or "Rule of the Benedictions" | 1Q28b | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [42][47] | ||
1QapocrMoses B | Apocryphon of Moses | 1Q29 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | "Liturgy of the Three Tongues of Fire" | [42][48] | |
1Q Liturgical Text(?) A | "Liturgical Text 1" | 1Q30 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [42][49] | ||
1Q Liturgical Text(?) B | "Liturgical Text 2" | 1Q31 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [42][50] | ||
1QNJ(?) | "New Jerusalem" | 1Q32 | Aramaic | Herodian | cf. 11Q18 | [51][52] | |
1QM | Fragment of the 1QM or "War Scroll" or "Milhamah" | 1Q33 | Deuteronomy 20:2–5; Numbers 10:9, 24:17–19; Isaiah 31:8 | Hebrew | 30–1 BCE
Early Herodian |
[17][51] | |
1QPrFetes / 1QLitPr | "Liturgical Prayers" or "Festival Prayers" | 1Q34 | Hebrew | Herodian | [51][53] | ||
1QHb | "Hodayot" or "Thanksgiving Hymns" | 1Q35 | Hebrew | Herodian | [51][54] | ||
1Q Hymns | "Hymns" | 1Q36 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [51][55] | ||
1Q Hymnic Composition(?) | "Hymnic Composition" | 1Q37 | Hebrew | Herodian | [51][56] | ||
1Q Hymnic Composition(?) | "Hymnic Composition" | 1Q38 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [51][57] | ||
1Q Hymnic Composition(?) | "Hymnic Composition" | 1Q39 | Hebrew | Herodian | [51][58] | ||
1Q Hymnic Composition(?) | "Hymnic Composition" | 1Q40 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [51][59] | ||
1Q41–70 | 1Q41–70 | Hebrew | Unclassified Fragments | [3] | |||
1QDana | Daniel | 1Q71 | Daniel 1:10–17; 2:2–6 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [60] | |
1QDanb | 1Q72 | Daniel 3:22–30 | Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | [61] |
Qumran Cave 2[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 2 | |||||||
2QGen | Genesis | 2Q1 | Genesis 19:27–28; 36:6, 35–37 | Hebrew | Herodian | [62][63] | |
2QExoda | Exodus | 2Q2 | Exodus 1:11–14; 7:1–4; 9:27–29; 11:3–7; 12:32–41; 21:18–20(?); 26:11–13; 30:21(?), 23–25; 32:32–34 | [62][64] | |||
2QExodb | 2Q3 | Exodus 4:31; 12:26–27(?); 18:21–22; 21:37–22:2, 15–19; 27:17–19; 31:16–17; 19:9; 34:10 | [62][65] | ||||
2QExodc | 2Q4 | Exodus 5:3–5 | Hellenistic-Roman | [62][66] | |||
2QpaleoLev | Leviticus | 2Q5 | Leviticus 11:22-29 | Hasmonean; Palaeo-Hebrew script | [62][67] | ||
2QNuma | Numbers | 2Q6 | Numbers 3:38–41, 51– 4:3 | Hebrew | Herodian | [62][68] | |
2QNumb | 2Q7 | Numbers 33:47–53 | [62][69] | ||||
2QNumc | 2Q8 | Numbers 7:88 | [62][70] | ||||
2QNumd? | 2Q9 | Numbers 18:8–9 | Hellenistic-Roman | This fragment may belong to 2Q7; possibly = Leviticus 23:1–3 | [62][71] | ||
2QDeuta | Deuteronomy | 2Q10 | Deuteronomy 1:7–9 | Hebrew | 50–25 BCE
Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian |
[62][17] | |
2QDeutb | 2Q11 | Deuteronomy 17:12–15 | Hebrew | 30 BCE – 68 CE
Herodian |
[62][17] | ||
2QDeutc | 2Q12 | Deuteronomy 10:8–12 | Hebrew | 1–68 CE
Late Herodian |
[62][17] | ||
2QJer | Jeremiah | 2Q13 | Jeremiah 42:7–11, 14; 43:8–11; 44:1–3, 12–14; 46:27–47:7; 48:7, 25–39, 43–45; 49:10 | Hebrew | Herodian | Doubtfully identified fragments: 13:22; 32:24–25; 48:2–4, 41–42 | [72][73] |
2QPs | Psalms | 2Q14 | Psalm 103:2–11; 104:6–11 | [72][74] | |||
2QJob | Job | 2Q15 | Job 33:28–30 | [72][75] | |||
2QRutha | Ruth | 2Q16 | Ruth 2:13–23; 3:1–8; 4:3–4 | Hebrew | Herodian | [72][76] | |
2QRuthb | 2Q17 | Ruth 3:13–18 | Hasmonean | [72][77] | |||
2QSir | "Wisdom of Sirach" or "Ecclesiasticus" | 2Q18 | Sir 6:14–15 (or 1:19–20); 6:20–31 | Hebrew | Herodian | Ben Sira | [72][78] |
2QJuba | Book of Jubilees | 2Q19 | Genesis 25:7–9 | Hebrew | Herodian | Jub 23:7–8 | [72][79] |
2QJubb | Book of Jubilees | 2Q20 | Exodus 1:7; Genesis 50:26, 22 (different order) | Jub 46:1–3 | [80] | ||
2QapMoses /2QapocrMoses(?) | "Apocryphon of Moses" | 2Q21 | Hebrew | Herodian | Apocryphal writing about Moses | [72][81] | |
2QapDavid /2QapocrDavid | "Apocryphon of David" | 2Q22 | Hebrew | Herodian | Apocryphal writing about David | [82][83] | |
2QapProph /2Qapocr.Prophecy | "Apocryphal Prophecy" | 2Q23 | Hebrew | Herodian | Apocryphal prophetic text in six tiny fragments. | [84][85] | |
2QNJ | "New Jerusalem" | 2Q24 | Aramaic | Herodian | Description of the New Jerusalem. cf. 1Q32 ar, 11Q18 ar | [84][86] | |
2Q Juridical Text | "Juridical Text" | 2Q25 | Hebrew | Herodian | A juridical text | [84][87] | |
2QEnGiants | "Book of Giants" from "Enoch" | 2Q26 | Aramaic | Herodian | Now known as part of the "Book of Giants". cf. 6Q8 | [88] | |
2Q27
2Q28 2Q29 2Q30 2Q31 2Q32 2Q33 |
2Q27
2Q28 2Q29 2Q30 2Q31 2Q32 2Q33 |
Unidentified Texts | [3][84] | ||||
2QX1 | 2QX1 | Debris in a box | [84] |
Qumran Cave 3[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 3 | |||||||
3QEzek | Ezekiel | 3Q1 | Ezekiel 16:31–33 | Hebrew | Herodian | [84][89] | |
3QPs | Psalms | 3Q2 | Psalm 2:6–7 | Hebrew | [90][91] | ||
3QLam | Lamentations | 3Q3 | Lamentations 1:10–12; 3:53–62 | Hebrew | [90][92] | ||
3QpIsa | Pesher on Isaiah | 3Q4 | Isaiah 1:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [90][93] | |
3QJub | Jubilees | 3Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | Jubilees 23:6–7, 12–13, 23 | [90][94] | |
3QHymn | Unidentified Hymn | 3Q6 | Hebrew | Herodian | Hymn of Praise | [90][95] | |
3QTJud(?) | Testament of Judah(?) | 3Q7 | Hebrew | Herodian | cf. 4Q484, 4Q538 | [90][96] | |
3Q Text Mentioning Angel of Peace | 3Q8 | Hebrew | Herodian | Text about an Angel of Peace | [90][97] | ||
3QSectarian text | 3Q9 | Hebrew | Herodian | Possible unidentified Sectarian text | [90][98] | ||
3QUnc | Unidentified | 3Q10
3Q11 |
Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Unclassified fragments | [90] | |
3QUncA-B | Unclassified fragments | 3Q12
3Q13 |
Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | Unclassified fragments | [99] | |
3QUncC | Unidentified | 3Q14 | Hebrew? | Hellenistic-Roman | 21 unclassified fragments | [100][101] | |
3QCopScr | The Copper Scroll | 3Q15 | Hebrew | Roman | Copper plaque mentioning buried treasures | [100][102] |
Qumran Cave 4[]
showFragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|
Qumran Cave 5[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 5 | |||||||
5QDeut | Deuteronomy | 5Q1 | Deuteronomy 7:15–24; 8:5–9:2 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic | [17][331][332] | |
5QKgs | Kings | 5Q2 | 1 Kings 1:1,16–17,27–37 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [333][334] | |
5QIsa | Isaiah | 5Q3 | Isaiah 40:16,18–19 | Hebrew | Herodian | [333][335] | |
5QAmos | Amos | 5Q4 | Amos 1:2–5 | Hebrew | [333] | ||
5QPs | Psalms | 5Q5 | Psalm 119:99–101,104,113–20,138–42 | Hebrew | Herodian | [333][336] | |
5QLama | Lamentations | 5Q6 | Lamentations 4:5–8,11–16,19–22; 5:1–13,16–17 | Hebrew | Herodian | [333][337] | |
5QLamb | 5Q7 | Lamentations 4:17–20 | Hebrew | Herodian | [333][338] | ||
5QPhyl | Phylactery | 5Q8 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Phylactery in its unopened case | [333][339] | |
5QapocrJosh or 5QToponyms | Toponyms | 5Q9 | Hebrew | Herodian | Seven fragments with names of places | [333][340] | |
5QapocrMal | Apocryphon of Malachi | 5Q10 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Apocryphon of Malachi | [333][341] | |
5QS | Rule of Community (Serek ha-Yahad) | 5Q11 | Hebrew | Herodian | [333][342] | ||
5QD | Damascus Document | 5Q12 | Hebrew | Herodian | Damascus Document | [333][343] | |
5QRule or 5QRégle | Rule of Community | 5Q13 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Fragments related to 1QS | [344][345] | |
5QCurses | Curses | 5Q14 | Hebrew | Herodian | Liturgical compositions with curses | [344][346] | |
5QNJ | New Jerusalem Scroll | 5Q15 | Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | Description of the New Jerusalem | [344][347] | |
5QUnid | Unidentified | 5Q16–5Q24 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Unidentified fragments | [344] | |
5QUnc | Unclassified | 5Q25 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Unclassified fragments | [344][348] |
Qumran Cave 6[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 6 | |||||||
6QpaleoGen | Genesis | 6Q1 | Genesis 6:13–21 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic; Palaeo-Hebrew script | [349][350] | |
6QpaleoLev | Leviticus | 6Q2 | Leviticus 8:12–13 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic; Palaeo-Hebrew script | [349][351] | |
pap6QDeut or 6QpapDeut(?) | Deuteronomy | 6Q3 | Deuteronomy 26:19 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | A few letters of Deuteronomy 26:19 on papyrus | [349][17][352] |
6QpapKgs | Kings | 6Q4 | [1 Kings 3]]:12–14; 12:28–31; 22:28–31; 2 Kings 5:26; 6:32; 7:8–10,20; 8:1–5; 9:1–2; 10:19–21 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Made up of 94 Fragments. | [349][353] |
pap6QPs or 6QpapPs(?) | Psalms | 6Q5 | Psalm 78:36–37 | Hebrew | Herodian | [354][355] | |
6QCant | Song of Songs | 6Q6 | Song of Songs 1:1–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [354][356] | |
6QpapDan | Daniel | 6Q7 | Daniel 8:20–21; 10:8–16; 11:33–36,38; 8:16–17 | Hebrew | Herodian | 13 papyrus fragments. | [354][357] |
6QpapGiants or pap6QEnGiants | Book of Giants from Enoch | 6Q8 | Aramaic | Herodian | Part of the "Book of Giants" | [354][358] | |
6Qpap apocrSam-Kgs or pap6QapocrSam/Kgs | Apocryphon on Samuel–Kings | 6Q9 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Samuel–Kings apocryphon. Written on papyrus. | [354][359] | |
6QpapaProph or pap6QProph | Unidentified prophetic fragment | 6Q10 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Prophetic text. Written in papyrus | [354][360] | |
6QAllegory | Allegory of the Vine | 6Q11 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragment containing an Allegory mentioning a vine | [354][361] | |
6QapProph | An apocryphal prophecy | 6Q12 | Herodian | [354][362] | |||
6QPriestProph | Priestly Prophecy | 6Q13 | Herodian | A priestly prophecy | [354][363] | ||
6Q Apocalypse | Apocalyptic text | 6Q14 | Aramaic | Herodian | Two fragments with apocalyptic text | [354][364] | |
6QD | Damascus Document | 6Q15 | Hebrew | Herodian | Damascus Document 4:19–21; 5:13–14,18–21; 6:1–2,20–21; 7:1 | [354][365] | |
6QpapBened or pap6QBen | papBenediction | 6Q16 | Herodian | Blessings related 1QSb. On papyrus | [366][367] | ||
6QCalDoc | Calendrical Document | 6Q17 | Herodian | Calendric fragment | [366][368] | ||
pap6QHymn | Hymn | 6Q18 | Herodian | Fragment of a hymn, related to 1QM | [366][369] | ||
6Q Text Related to Genesis | Genesis | 6Q19 | Possibly from Genesis | Aramaic | Herodian | Related to Genesis 10:6,20 | [366][370] |
6QDeut(?) | Deuteronomy | 6Q20 | Possibly from Deuteronomy | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Related to Deuteronomy 11:10 | [366][371] |
6QfrgProph or 6Q Prophetic Text | Possibly prophetic text | 6Q21 | Hebrew | Herodian | Prophetic fragment containing 5 words. | [366][372] | |
pap6QUnidA | Unclassified fragments | 6Q22 | Hebrew | Herodian | [366][373] | ||
pap6QUnidA ar | Unclassified fragments | 6Q23 | Aramaic | Herodian | Related to "Words of the Book of Michael" | [366][374] | |
6QUnidB | Unclassified fragments | 6Q24 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [366][375] | ||
6QUnidB | Unclassified fragments | 6Q25 | Aramaic | Herodian | [366][376] | ||
6QUnidB or 6QpapAccount or Contract | Accounts or contracts | 6Q26 | Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | [366][377] | ||
6QUnidB | Unclassified fragments | 6Q27–6Q28 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [366] | ||
6QpapProv | Proverbs | 6Q30 | Proverbs 11:4b–7a,10b | Hebrew | Roman | Single six-line fragment | [366][378] |
6QUnidB | Unclassified fragments | 6Q31 | Aramaic | Herodian | [366][379] |
Qumran Cave 7[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 7 | |||||||
7QpapLXXExod | Exodus | 7Q1 | Exodus 28:4–7 | Greek | Hasmonean | Greek fragment of Exodus | [380] |
7QpapEpJer | Letter of Jeremiah | 7Q2 | Letter of Jeremiah verses 43–44 | Greek | Hasmonean | Epistle of Jeremiah. On papyrus. | [381] |
7Q3 | Unidentified | 7Q3 | Greek | Herodian | Unknown biblical text | [382] | |
7Q4 | Unidentified | 7Q4 | Greek | Hasmonean | Unknown biblical text | [383] | |
7Q5 | Unidentified | 7Q5 | Greek | Herodian | Unknown biblical text. Believed by some to be Mark 6:52–53 | [384] | |
7Q6–18 | Unidentified | 7Q6–18 | Greek | Hellenistic-Roman; Herodian | Very tiny unidentified fragments written on papyrus | [3] | |
7Q papImprint | Unidentified | 7Q19 | Greek | Herodian | Unidentified papyrus imprint. Very tiny fragments written on papyrus | [385] |
Qumran Cave 8[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 8 | |||||||
8QGen | Genesis | 8Q1 | Genesis 17:12–13, 15, 18–19; 18:20–22, 24–25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |
8QPs | Psalms | 8Q2 | Psalm 17:5–9, 14; 18:5–12 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |
8QPhyl | Phylacteries | 8Q3 | Exodus 13:1–16; 12:43–51; 20:11
Deuteronomy 6:4–5; 6:1–3; 10:20–22; 10:12–19; 5:1–14; 10:13; 11:2–3; 10:21–22; 11:1; 11:6–12 |
Hebrew | 1–100 CE
Herodian |
Fragments from a "Phylactery" | [17] |
8QMez | Mezuzah | 8Q4 | Deuteronomy 10:1–11:21 | Hebrew | 30 BCE–68 CE
Herodian |
[17] | |
8QHymn | Unidentified hymn | 8Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | Non-biblical composition. | [3] |
Qumran Cave 9[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 9 | |||||||
9Qpap | Unidentified | 9Q1 | Hebrew | Roman | Written on papyrus. | [386] |
Qumran Cave 10[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 10 | |||||||
10QOstracon | Ostracon | 10Q1 | Hebrew | Two letters written on a piece of pottery. | [387] |
Qumran Cave 11[]
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qumran Cave 11 | |||||||
11QpaleoLeva | Paleo-Leviticusa | 11Q1 | Leviticus 4:24–26; 10:4–7; 11:27–32; 13:3–9; 13:39–43; 14:16–21; 14:52–15:5; 16:2–4; 16:34–17:5; 18:27–19:4; 20:1–6; 21:6–11; 22:21–27; 23:22–29; 24:9–14; 25:28–36; 26:17–26; 27:11–19 | Hebrew | Herodian/palaeo-Hebrew script | [3] | |
11QLevb | Leviticusb | 11Q2 | Leviticus | Hebrew | Herodian/palaeo-Hebrew script | [3] | |
11QDeut | Deuteronomy | 11Q3 | Deuteronomy 1:4–5; 2:28–30 | Hebrew | 50 CE
Late Herodian |
[17] | |
11QEzek | Ezekiel | 11Q4 | Ezekiel | Hebrew | Herodian | [388][389] | |
11QPs | The Great Psalms Scroll | 11Q5 | Psalms | Hebrew | Herodian | A unique Psalms scroll with only about a quarter of the Masoretic psalms (in atypical order), three Syriac psalms, one from Ben Sira, and the only known copies of three more unique psalms—Plea for Deliverance, Apostrophe to Zion, and Hymn to the Creator—all of which are unattested by other sources, as well as the short text of David's Compositions. | [3] |
11QPsa | Psalms | 11Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QPsb | 11Q6 | Psalm 77:18–21; 78:1; 109:3–4; 118:1; 118:15–16; 119:163–165; 133:1–3; 141:10; 144:1–2 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QPsc | 11Q7 | Psalm 2:1–8; 9:3–7; 12:5–9; 13:1–6; 14:1–6; 17:9–15; 18:1–12; 19:4–8; 25:2–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QPsd | 11Q8 | Psalm 6:2–4; 9:3–6; 18:26–29; 18:39–42; 36:13; 37:1–4; 39:13–14; 40:1; 43:1–3; 45:6–8; 59:5–8; 68:1–5; 68:14–18; 78:5–12; 81:4–9; 86:11–14; 115:16–18; 116:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QPse | 11Q9 | Psalm 50:3–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QtgJob | Targum Job | 11Q10 | Job | Aramaic | Herodian | A unique Aramaic translation of the Book of Job; presents Job somewhat more favourably. | [3] |
11QapocrPs | Apocryphal Psalms | 11Q11 | Psalm 91 | Hebrew | Herodian | Apocryphal paraphrase of Psalms 91 | [3] |
11QJub | Jubilees | 11Q12 | Hebrew | Herodian | Ethiopic text of Jubilees 4:6–11; 4:13–14; 4:16–17; 4:29–31; 5:1–2; 12:15–17; 12:28–29 | [3] | |
11QMelch | Melchizedek | 11Q13 | Contains Pesher/commentary on Leviticus 25:13; Deuteronomy 15:2; Psalm 7:8–9; 82:2; Isaiah 52:7; Daniel 9:25; Leviticus 25:9 | Hebrew | 50–25 BCE or 75–50 BCE
Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian |
Describes a tenth jubilee and portrays Melchizedek as a messianic agent of salvation, using similar language to that used for Jesus in Hebrews, such as "Heavenly Prince Melchizedek" | [3][17] |
11Q Sefer ha-Milhamah | Sefer ha-Milhamah ("The Book of War") | 11Q14 | Hebrew | Herodian | An account of the final eschatological battle of the Israelites and the Kittim (Romans), including a messianic figure named the "Prince of the Congregation." | [3] | |
11QHymnsa | Hymns | 11Q15 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QHymnsb | 11Q16 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||
11QShirShabb | Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice | 11Q17 | Hebrew | Herodian | Collection of 13 hymns describing a heavenly temple service. | [3] | |
11QNJ | New Jerusalem | 11Q18 | Aramaic | Herodian | Appears to be an apocalyptic vision, including some architectural details of a very large city (cf. Ezekiel and Revelation) | [3] | |
11QTa | Temple Scroll | 11Q19 | Hebrew | Herodian | Rephrases the Pentateuch laws in the spirit of Deuteronomy, seeks to resolve biblical legal conflicts and expand ritual laws. | [3] | |
11QTb | Temple Scroll | 11Q20 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||
11QTc | 11Q21 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||
11Q Unidentified | Unidentified | 11Q22 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Unidentified fragments. | [3] | |
11Q23 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||
11Q24 | Aramaic | Hasmonean | [3] | ||||
11Q25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||
11Q26 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||
11Q27 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||
11Q28 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||
11Q29 | Serekh ha-Yahad related | ||||||
11Q Unidentified | Unidentified | 11Q30 | Hebrew | Herodian | Unidentified fragments. | [3] | |
11Q Unidentified | Unidentified | 11Q31 | Unidentified fragment | [390] | |||
11Q9999 | Unidentified | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] |
Wadi Murabba'at Cave 1[]
showFragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|
Nahal Hever Cave 8[]
showFragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|
Masada[]
showFragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference |
---|
See also[]
- Biblical manuscripts
- Septuagint manuscripts
- List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts
References[]
- ^ Tov, Emanuel (2010). Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert. Brill. ISBN 9789047443797.
- ^ "Shrine Of The Book - The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls".
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax "Leon Levy Collection". Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2015-01-22.
- ^ The Great Isaiah Scroll at The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 14–15.
- ^ Jump up to: a b 1Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 15–16.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 18.
- ^ Bruce, F.F.,"The Dead Sea Habakkuk Scroll," The Annual of Leeds University Oriental Society I (1958/59): 5–24.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 16.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 16–18.
- ^ Schiffman, Lawrence H. (2000). Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Fitzmyer 2008, p. 19.
- ^ 1Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf OakTree Software, Inc. Accordance 10: Bible Software. 2008.
- ^ 1Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q10 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q11 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q12 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Fitzmyer 2008, p. 20.
- ^ 1Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q16 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q17 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q18 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 20–21.
- ^ 1Q20 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b Fitzmyer 2008, p. 21.
- ^ 1Q21 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q22 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 21–22.
- ^ 1Q23 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q24 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Fitzmyer 2008, p. 22.
- ^ 1Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q26 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q27 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q28 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q28 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q29 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q30 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q31 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 23.
- ^ 1Q32 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q34 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q35 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q36 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q37 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q38 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q39 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q40 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q71 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 1Q72 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Fitzmyer 2008, p. 25.
- ^ 2Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Fitzmyer 2008, p. 26.
- ^ 2Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q16 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q17 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q18 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q20 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q21 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 26–27.
- ^ 2Q22 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Fitzmyer 2008, p. 27.
- ^ 2Q23 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q24 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 2Q26 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 3Q1 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 28.
- ^ 3Q2 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q3 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q4 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q5 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q6 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q7 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q8 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q9 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 28–29.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 29.
- ^ 3Q14 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 3Q15 at Leon Levy Collection
- ^ 4Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Fitzmyer 2008, p. 30.
- ^ 4Q8 4QGen h1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q8 4QGen h2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q8 4QGen h-para at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q10 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q11 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q12 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 246
- ^ 4Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Fitzmyer 2008, p. 31.
- ^ 4Q17 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q18 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q20 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q21 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q22 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q23 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 31–32.
- ^ 4Q24 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Fitzmyer 2008, p. 32.
- ^ 4Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q26 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q27 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q28 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q29 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 32–33.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 33.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c 4Q38 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Accessed 20 May 2013
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Fitzmyer 2008, p. 34.
- ^ 4Q47 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 34–35.
- ^ 4Q48 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Fitzmyer 2008, p. 35.
- ^ 4Q49 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q50 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q51 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q52 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q53 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q54 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Fitzmyer 2008, p. 36.
- ^ 4Q55 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q56 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q57 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q58 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q59 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q60 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q61 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Fitzmyer 2008, p. 37.
- ^ 4Q62 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q63 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q64 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q65 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q66 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q67 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q68 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q69 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 270
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Schiffman, Lawrence; VanderKam, James (2008). Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195084504.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Flint, Peter (2013). The Dead Sea Scrolls. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press. p. 68. ISBN 9780687494491.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Fitzmyer 2008, p. 38.
- ^ 4Q73 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q74 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Sanderson 1997. DJD 15: 215–218.
- ^ 4Q75 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q76 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q77 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q78 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Fitzmyer 2008, p. 39.
- ^ 4Q79 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q80 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q81 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q83 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q84 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q85 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 40.
- ^ 4Q86 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q87 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q88 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q89 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q90 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q91 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q92 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q93 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q94 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q95 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Fitzmyer 2008, p. 41.
- ^ 4Q96 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q97 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q98 4QPsr at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q99 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Fitzmyer 2008, p. 42.
- ^ 4Q100 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q101 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q102 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q103 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q104 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q105 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q106 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q107 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q108 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Fitzmyer 2008, p. 43.
- ^ 4Q109 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q110 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q111 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q112 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q113 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q114 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q115 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q116 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q117 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q118 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Fitzmyer 2008, p. 44.
- ^ 4Q119 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q120 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q121 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q122 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q123 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q127 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 44–45.
- ^ 4Q128 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Fitzmyer 2008, p. 45.
- ^ 4Q129 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q130 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q131 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q132 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q133 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q134 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q135 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q136 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Fitzmyer 2008, p. 46.
- ^ 4Q138 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q139 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q140 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q141 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q142 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q143 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q144 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q145 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q146 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q147 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q148 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 46–47.
- ^ 4Q149 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Fitzmyer 2008, p. 47.
- ^ 4Q150 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q151 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q152 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q153 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q154 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q155 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b Wise, Michael O.; Abegg, Martin G.; Cook, Edward M. (2005). The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 577. ISBN 9780060766627.
- ^ 4Q156 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 47–48.
- ^ 4Q157 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 305ff
- ^ 4Q158 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Fitzmyer 2008, p. 48.
- ^ 4Q159 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q160 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q161 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q162 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b "The Qumran Library: Scrolls".
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Fitzmyer 2008, p. 49.
- ^ 4Q166 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q167 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q168 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q169 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b Fitzmyer 2008, p. 50.
- ^ 4Q174 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q175 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q179 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q186 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q196 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q197 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q198 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q199 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q200 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q201 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 54–55.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 55.
- ^ 4Q215 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Gault, Brian P. (2010) "Fragments of Canticles at Qumran". Revue de Qumran. p.352
- ^ 4Q246 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Fitzmyer 2008, p. 62.
- ^ 4Q252 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q253 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q254 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q254a-820 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q258 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q285 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q299 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q300 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q301 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 74.
- ^ 4Q364 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Fitzmyer 2008, p. 75.
- ^ 4Q365 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q366 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q367 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q378 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q379 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q385 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q394 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q400 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q434 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q483 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q521 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Buitenwerf, Rieuwerd, The Gog and Magog Tradition in Revelation 20:8, in, H. J. de Jonge, Johannes Tromp, eds., The book of Ezekiel and its influence, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007, p.172; scheduled to be published in Charlesworth's edition, volume 9
- ^ 4Q523 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 98.
- ^ 4Q539 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q541 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q542 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 4Q555 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ "Uncovered in Jerusalem, 9 tiny unopened Dead Sea Scrolls". The Times of Israel.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 104–105.
- ^ 5Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Fitzmyer 2008, p. 105.
- ^ 5Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q10 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q11 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q12 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Fitzmyer 2008, p. 106.
- ^ 5Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 5Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 104, 106.
- ^ 6Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Fitzmyer 2008, p. 107.
- ^ 6Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q10 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q11 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q12 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Fitzmyer 2008, p. 108.
- ^ 6Q16 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q17 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q18 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q20 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q21 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q22 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q23 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q24 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q26 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q30 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 6Q31 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 7Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ "9Q1 at Leon Levy Collection". Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
- ^ Evans, Craig. Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls. 2010.
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 110.
- ^ 11Q4 - 11QEzek at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ 11Q31 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library.
External links[]
- Dead Sea Scrolls by Paul Conway
- A Catalog of Biblical Passages in the Dead Sea Scrolls by David Washburn, 2002
- Textual Criticism: Recovering the Text of the Hebrew Bible by Peter Kyle McCarter, 1986
- Dead Sea Scrolls
- Archaeology-related lists
- State of Palestine religion-related lists