Murphy, North Carolina

Murphy, North Carolina
Town
Cherokee County Courthouse
Location of Murphy, North Carolina
Coordinates: 35°5′23″N 84°1′48″W / 35.08972°N 84.03000°W / 35.08972; -84.03000Coordinates: 35°5′23″N 84°1′48″W / 35.08972°N 84.03000°W / 35.08972; -84.03000
Country	United States
State	North Carolina
County	Cherokee
Founded by	A. R. S. Hunter
Named for	Archibald Murphey
Area [1]
• Total	2.66 sq mi (6.89 km2)
• Land	2.55 sq mi (6.60 km2)
• Water	0.11 sq mi (0.28 km2)
Elevation	1,604 ft (489 m)
Population  (2010)
• Total	1,627
• Estimate  (2019)[4]	1,657
• Density	649.80/sq mi (250.91/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP code	28906
Area code(s)	828
FIPS code	37-45660[2]
GNIS feature ID	1013848[3]
Website	www.townofmurphync.com

Murphy is a town in and the county seat of Cherokee County, North Carolina, United States.^[5] It is situated at the confluence of the Hiwassee and Valley rivers. It is the westernmost county seat in the state of North Carolina, approximately 360 miles (580 km) from the state capital in Raleigh. The population of Murphy was 1,627 at the 2010 census.^[6][7]

Place name and history[]

This area had long been part of the homelands of the Cherokee people. They knew this site along the Hiwassee River as Tlanusi-yi (the Leech Place). They had a legend about a giant leech named Tlanusi, that lived in the river here.^[8] The Trading Path (later called the "Unicoi Turnpike") passed by the future site of Murphy, connecting the Cherokee lands east of the mountains with what were known to European colonists as the "Overhill Towns" of Tennessee.^[9]

After European Americans began to settle here, they named the site "Hunnington/ Huntington" after A.R.S. Hunter. He established the first trading post prior to 1828, where he would trade with the Cherokee, early European-American settlers, and U.S. Army soldiers on expeditions, or stationed at nearby Fort Butler.^[10] He was also appointed as the settlement's first postmaster, erecting the first Post Office.

European Americans later renamed the settlement as Murphy for North Carolina politician Archibald Murphey. He was influential in educational advances for the people of North Carolina in the early 19th century. The original spelling of the town was to be "Murphey" but the "e" was lost, or dropped at some point in history.^[10]

In 1836, during the Cherokee removal known as the Trail of Tears, the United States army built Fort Butler in what is today Murphy. Fort Butler was used as the main collection point by the government for Cherokee east of the mountains. From Fort Butler the Cherokee were taken over the mountains on the Unicoi Turnpike to the main internment camps at Fort Cass (today Charleston, Tennessee), prior to their forcible removal to territory west of the Mississippi River, in what became known as Indian Territory (today's Oklahoma).

Today the Unicoi Turnpike is known as the Joe Brown Highway. There are no visible remains of Fort Butler, but the site can be visited and historical markers provide facts and interpretation about its history. In addition, the Cherokee County Historical Museum, located in Murphy, provides information about the Trail of Tears.^[11]

Cherokee County was formed in 1839 from a portion of Macon County, but Murphy was not incorporated as the county seat until 1851.

Murphy was once the terminus of two train lines. The Mineral Bluff, Georgia spur line (L&N Railroad) came from North Georgia, and the Murphy Branch (Southern Railroad) came from Asheville. The L&N line was removed in the mid-1980s. The tracks for the Murphy Branch remain but are inoperable. This line has been idle since the mid-1990s, when the Great Smoky Mountain Railroad discontinued service between Murphy and Andrews. The L&N Depot, located southwest of downtown Murphy, is used as a community center.

Murphy was the home of the once well-known crafts manufacturer Margaret Studios. This company operated a nationwide chain of gift stores for its woodcraft products and housewares, such as lazy Susans and gift trays.

Folklorist John Jacob Niles based his well-known Christmas song, "I Wonder as I Wander", on a phrase he heard on July 16, 1933, in a song sung by a daughter of traveling evangelists in downtown Murphy.^[12]

Architect James Baldwin designed the Cherokee County Courthouse, located in downtown Murphy, in a Beaux-Arts style. Built in 1927, it is faced with locally sourced blue marble. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, along with the Robert Lafayette Cooper House and Harshaw Chapel and Cemetery.^[13][14] The county has had multiple prior courthouses; all burned down, or were replaced by improved versions. The first court sessions in the county were held at Fort Butler.

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1870	175		—
1880	170		−2.9%
1890	803		372.4%
1900	604		−24.8%
1910	977		61.8%
1920	1,314		34.5%
1930	1,612		22.7%
1940	1,873		16.2%
1950	2,433		29.9%
1960	2,235		−8.1%
1970	2,082		−6.8%
1980	2,070		−0.6%
1990	1,575		−23.9%
2000	1,568		−0.4%
2010	1,627		3.8%
2019 (est.)	1,657	[4]	1.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]

As of the 2010 census, the total population was 1,621 people.^[16]

As of the census^[2] of 2000, there were 1,568 people, 725 households, and 440 families residing in the town. The population density was 687.7 people per square mile (265.5/km²). There were 819 housing units at an average density of 359.2 per square mile (138.7/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 89.60% White, 5.48% African American, 1.28% Native American, 1.34% Asian, 1.15% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.87% of the population.

There were 725 households, out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.3% were non-families. 36.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.71.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 24.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $24,952, and the median income for a family was $35,234. Males had a median income of $30,395 versus $16,908 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,926. About 16.7% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.2% of those under age 18 and 21.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy[]

The economy of Murphy is fairly spread out, with a quarter of the population employed in the management and professional sector; about one fifth of the population are employed in either sales/office or construction, maintenance and extraction sectors. The smallest percentage, at only 1.9% are employed in the farm fishing or forestry sector.^[17] Murphy also has a relatively low median income per household, at $24,952.

The median income for a household in the town was $24,952, and the median income for a family was $35,234. Males had a median income of $30,395 versus $16,908 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,926. About 16.7% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.2% of those under age 18 and 21.4% of those age 65 or over.

There are several employers for advanced skilled professions, including Moog Components Group,^[18] Aegis Power Systems,^[19] Murphy Medical Group,^[20] Sioux Tools,^[21] and Tri-County Community College.^[22] Harrah's Cherokee Valley River, a tribal casino that opened in Murphy in 2015, is also a major job supplier.^[23]

Education[]

The local public school system is run by Cherokee County Schools, which operates a total of 13 schools across the county:^{[24][25][26][27]}

• Murphy Elementary
• Peachtree Elementary
• Hiwassee Dam Elementary/Middle
• Marble Elementary
• Martins Creek Elementary/Middle
• Ranger Elementary
• Murphy Middle
• Andrews Middle
• The Oaks Academy
• Andrews High
• Hiwassee Dam High
• Murphy High
• Tri-County Early College

There are also several alternative education options including The Learning Center (K-8),^[28] Murphy Adventist Christian School (K-11),^[29] and TLC Montessori (Pre-K.)^[30] There is also a thriving homeschool community.^[31]

Higher education is offered at Tri-County Community College,^[32] or several nearby colleges and universities including North Georgia Technical College,^[33] Young Harris College,^[34] Western Carolina University,^[35] Southwestern College,^[36] and University of North Georgia.^[37]

The John C. Campbell Folkschool is located in Brasstown, NC an unincorporated village near Murphy. It exists partly in Cherokee County and partly in Clay County. This education center focuses on creative folk arts for all ages. The Folkschool also offers musical concerts and community dance entertainment.^[38]

Transportation[]

Murphy sits just northwest of 19/74/64/129 which runs from just southwest of Murphy to Topton, just before US 129 breaks off.^[39] It is easily accessed by motor vehicle.

In-town and in-county transportation is available, for a small fee, via Cherokee County Transit.^[40] There are also private taxis for hire.

Western Carolina Regional Airport (ICAO: KRHP, FAA LID: RHP), known locally as the Murphy Airport, Andrews Airport, or Andrews-Murphy Airport, is located between the cities of Andrews and Murphy.^[41][42]

The closest commercial passenger airports are the Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport (IATA: CHA) 83 miles and the Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL) 126 miles.

Infrastructure[]

Utilities[]

Electricity for Western North Carolina is provided by Duke Energy, sometimes referred to as Duke Power. It has a total service territory covering 47,000 square miles (120,000 km²)^[43] Half of its power generation for the Carolinas comes from its nuclear power plants. Some of the power is supplied via solar panel farms located in the Murphy area. There are at least four solar farms, each with more than 4,000 panels. One of the farms, called Martins Creek Solar Project, alone provides "enough electricity to power more than 150 average-sized homes and enough revenue for the district to staff approximately two full-time teachers."^[44]

The town of Murphy's power is provided by Murphy Electric Power Board.

Natural gas is supplied by Piedmont Gas, which services North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee.^[45]

Industrial and personal waste is landfilled.

Communications[]

WKRK 1320 AM and WCNG 102.7 FM are two radio stations currently broadcast from Murphy.

Local TV 4 is a Murphy-based television news station.

Roads and bridges[]

There are 14.8 miles of roads maintained by the Town of Murphy, while other surroundings roads are maintained by the NC Department of Transportation. The Town receives about $56,000 per year in support of street maintenance.^[46] Of notable interest is a historic tee beam bridge located in downtown Murphy, NC, showcasing an early use of haunched, continuous cantilever bridge design.^[47]

Healthcare[]

Murphy and all of Cherokee County are served by Erlanger Western Carolina Hospital, certified by the United States Department of Health and Human Services. It is licensed for 191 beds, of which 120 are nursing home beds, 57 are general-use beds, and the remaining 14 are dedicated to Alzheimer's patients.^[48]

There are a variety of independent healthcare providers including the areas of general family practice, dental, OBGYN, ENT, sports medicine specialists, chiropractic, pediatrics, and holistic care.

Law enforcement[]

Murphy and the surrounding unincorporated communities are protected by the Murphy Police Department, which is located at 93 Peachtree Street near downtown Murphy. It is headed by the Chief of Police, Justin J. Jacobs.^[49]

Cherokee County as a whole is served by the Cherokee County Sheriff's Office. D. L. Palmer is the current Sheriff, he has served in that capacity since 2014. The current Cherokee County Jail can house around 150 Inmates. The current jail built in 2008, replaced the older 1922 Jail that has since been demolished.

Mission statement[]

It is the mission of the Town of Murphy Police Department to increase the quality of life and create a safe environment for all citizens and visitors of the Town of Murphy. By forming a partnership with the community through Community Policing Initiatives we will work together to protect the lives and property of the citizens through fair, honest and professional enforcement of the laws, crime prevention and community problem solving.

Crime rate[]

According to the Cherokee County, NC government, the crimes in the area consist primarily of domestic abuse (accounting for greater than 60% of incidents.) Emergency calls have increased in line with population increases.^[50] Violent crimes decreased year over year in 2018 by 15.3%, compared to an overal reduction of 7.3% for the entire state of North Carolina.^[51]

Geography[]

Murphy is located east of the center of Cherokee County at

35°5′23″N 84°1′48″W / 35.08972°N 84.03000°W / 35.08972; -84.03000 (35.089848, −84.029924).^[52]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.6 square miles (6.8 km²), of which 2.4 square miles (6.2 km²) is land and 0.23 square miles (0.6 km²), or 9.13%, is water.^[6]

The town is located at the confluence of the Hiwassee River and Valley River.

Topography[]

Murphy is located in southwestern North Carolina, approximately halfway between Atlanta, Georgia and Knoxville, Tennessee. The location in the Blue Ridge Mountains has helped the community retain a fairly rural character, surrounded by wildlife such as bear, deer, fox and recently reintroduced elk.^[53]

Climate[]

Murphy has a humid subtropical climate, (Cfa) according to the Köppen classification, with hot, humid summers and cool to mild winters,^[54] with low temperatures significantly cooler than other parts of the Southeast, due in part to the elevation. Like the rest of the southeastern U.S., Murphy receives abundant rainfall, greatest in winter and enhanced by the elevation. Receiving as much as 100 inches per year in some parts, areas of Cherokee County are considered part of the Appalachian temperate rainforest.^[55] Blizzards are rare but possible; the 1993 Storm of the Century dropped 15 inches (38 cm) in 24 hours with more snowfall continuing up to 38" in some areas, causing widespread power outages and natural disasters.

The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 37.5 °F (3.1 °C) in January to 74.9 °F (23.8 °C) in July; there are 20 days of 90 °F (32 °C)+ highs, 106 days of freezing lows, and 4 days where the high stays at or below freezing annually. Extreme temperatures range from −16 °F (−27 °C) on January 21 and 22, 1985 up to 100 °F (38 °C) on July 1 and 2, 2012.

Nearby communities[]

Cities and populated areas within an approximate 15-mile (24 km) radius of Murphy:

Notable people[]

• Abraham Enloe (1762–1841), remains interred at Harshaw Chapel in downtown Murphy, NC. Alleged to be the biological father of US President Abraham Lincoln^[57][58]
• , singer/songwriter^[59]
• Preston Henn, founder of the Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop and race car driver
• Junaluska, 19th-century Cherokee hero famous for actions at Battle of Horseshoe Bend, born in what is now Murphy
• Carl Pickens, 1992 NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year.^[60] Two-time Pro Bowl selection with the Cincinnati Bengals and former All-American wide receiver for the Tennessee Volunteers. Led Murphy High School to state football championships in 1986 and 1987.^[61]
• Eric Rudolph, best known as the 1996 Centennial Olympic Park bomber, caught and arrested in Murphy in 2003 by rookie police officer Jeffrey Scott Postell; now serving multiple life sentences in ADX Florence.
• Phil Voyles, former MLB player for the Boston Braves^[62]
• Hedy West, noted 1960s-era folksinger and songwriter, Murphy High School graduate^[63]

References[]

Sources[]

• Duncan, Barbara R. and Riggs, Brett H. Cherokee Heritage Trails Guidebook. University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill (2003). ISBN 0-8078-5457-3
• Carl Pickens football career data at databaseFootball.com

External links[]

• Town of Murphy official website
• Murphy travel guide from Wikivoyage
• The Cherokee Scout, local newspaper