Nanded

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This article is about the municipality in Maharashtra, India. For its namesake district, see Nanded district. For its namesake taluka, see Nanded taluka.

Nanded
City
Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib Nanded
Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib Nanded
Nickname(s): 
"City of Gurdwaras", "City of Sanskrit Poets"
Nanded is located in Maharashtra
Nanded
Nanded
Coordinates: 19°09′N 77°18′E / 19.15°N 77.30°E / 19.15; 77.30Coordinates: 19°09′N 77°18′E / 19.15°N 77.30°E / 19.15; 77.30
Country India
StateMaharashtra
RegionMarathwada
DistrictNanded district
Established1610 CE
Named forSachkhand Gurdwara
Government
 • TypeMahanagar Palika
 • BodyNanded-Waghala Municipal Corporation
 • MayorMohini Vijay Yewankar
 • Municipal CommissionerSunil Lahane
 • MLAs
Area
 • Total63.22 km2 (24.41 sq mi)
Elevation
362 m (1,188 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total550,439
 • Rank2nd (Marathwada), 80th (India)
 • Density8,700/km2 (23,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Nandedkar
Language
 • OfficialMarathi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN CODE
431601 to 606
Telephone code02462
ISO 3166 codeIN-MH
Vehicle registrationMH-26
Distance from Mumbai575 kilometres (357 mi) E (land)
Distance from Hyderabad293 kilometres (182 mi) NW (land)
Distance from Aurangabad255 kilometres (158 mi) SE (land)
Websitewww.nanded.nic.in

Nanded is a city in Maharashtra state, India. It is the eighth largest urban agglomeration of the state and the seventy-ninth most populous city in India. It is the second largest city in Marathwada subdivision. Nanded is the centre of governance of Nanded district. Nanded is a major destination for Sikh pilgrims,[2] because the 10th Sikh Guru (Guru Gobind Singh) made Nanded his permanent abode and passed his guruship to the Guru Granth Sahib before his death in 1708.[3]

Location[]

Nanded is located on the north bank of river Godavari in west-central India. It is closer (approximately 275 kilometres (171 mi)) to Hyderabad in the state of Telangana than it is to the capital of Maharashtra state, Mumbai. Nanded district borders Latur district, Parbhani district and Hingoli district the west and Yavatmal district to the north. The district is bounded by the Nizamabad, Kamareddy, Nirmal and Adilabad districts of Telangana state to the east and on the South lies Bidar district of Karnatka state.

Nanded has two parts: Old Nanded 20.62 square kilometres (7.96 sq mi) occupies the north bank of the Godavari river; New Nanded, to the south of the river, 31.14 square kilometres (12.02 sq mi) encompasses Waghala and six other villages.

Etymology[]

From a copper plate inscription found at Washim, a town approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Nanded, archaeologists deduce the city was formerly known as Nanditaṭa (Marathi: नंदितट). Another name was Nandigrāma.[4] Folklore suggests that the name "Nanded" developed from Nandi the Vahana of Shiva. Shiva was said to have performed penance on the banks (Taṭa) of the Godavari river. This "Nandi-taṭa" later became "Nanded".

History[]

Nanded is an old and historic centre.[5] Local irrigation practices and Nanded itself are recorded in the treatise, Leela Charitra (late 1200s CE).[6] It is also mentioned in Mahabharata as place of Bharat's maternal grandparents

In the 5th and 4th centuries BCE, Nanded was ruled by the Nanda dynasty. In the 3rd century BCE (about 272 to 231 BCE), it was part of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka.

In the 1st century CE, power in the area lay with the Andhrabhrtyas and Satvahanas.[5]

From 1636, Nanded was the centre of governance of Nizam State, which includes present-day Telangana and Karnataka, and was an imperial province of the Mughal Badshah (emperor) Shah Jahan. In 1657, Nanded merged into Bidah Subah.

In 1725, Nanded became part of Hyderabad State. It continued to be part of the Nizam of Hyderabad's dominions until 1948.[5] After India gained independence in 1947, the Indian Armed Forces annexed Hyderabad and ended the rule of the Nizam in Operation Polo,[7] making Nanded part of the new Hyderabad State.

Nanded remained part of the Hyderabad state until 1956 when it was included in the Bombay Presidency. On 1 May 1960, Maharashtra state was created on a linguistic basis and the Marathi dominant Nanded district became part of Maharashtra.[8][9]

Nanded was the birthplace of three Marathi poet-saints—Vishnupant Shesa, Raghunath Shesa, and Vaman Pandit[10]

Origins of Sikhism in Nanded[]

Sikh devotees during Nagar Kirtan in Nanded

Nanded is associated with some important Sikh gurus. For example, Guru Nanak (1469 – 1539 CE) passed through Nanded on his way to Sri Lanka.

Guru Gobind Singh (1666 – 1708 CE) arrived in Nanded with the mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I (1643 – 1712 CE) near the end of August in 1707 CE. When Bahadur moved on to Golconda, Guru Gobind Singh remained in Nanded. Guru Gobind Singh proclaimed he was the last (tenth) living guru and established the sacred text, the Guru Granth Sahib as an eternal "living" leader. Guru Gobind Singh died without a lineal descendant due to the martyrdom of his four sons.[11][12]

In about 1835, Maharaja Ranjit Singh commissioned the construction of a gurdwara at Nanded. It was built on the site of Guru Gobind Singh's cremation. The gurdwara is part of the Hazur Sahib.

In 2008, the tercentenary of the passing of the guruship to Guru Granth Sahib, Guru-ta-Gaddi celebrations were held in Nanded.

Geography[]

Nanded is the second largest city in Marathawada after Aurangabad. Its area is 63.22 square kilometres (24.41 sq mi).[13] Regarding cities in Maharashtra state, Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nasik, Aurangabad, Solapur and Amravati are larger.

Nanded is built on the Deccan Traps lava flows of the upper cretaceous to lower eocene eras. The lava flows are overlain by thin alluvial deposits. The lava flows are horizontal and each flow has two distinct units. The highly weathered vesicular trap and underlying weathered jointed and fractured massive trap constitutes the main water-yielding zones. The soil is mostly formed from igneous rocks and are black, medium black, shallow and calcareous types having different depths and profiles.[citation needed]

Climate[]

hideClimate data for Nanded (1981–2010, extremes 1960–2008)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36.0
(96.8) 		39.5
(103.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		45.5
(113.9) 		46.6
(115.9) 		46.7
(116.1) 		40.3
(104.5) 		39.0
(102.2) 		38.2
(100.8) 		38.8
(101.8) 		38.8
(101.8) 		35.1
(95.2) 		46.7
(116.1)
Average high °C (°F) 31.0
(87.8) 		33.6
(92.5) 		37.1
(98.8) 		40.6
(105.1) 		41.0
(105.8) 		36.8
(98.2) 		32.4
(90.3) 		31.0
(87.8) 		32.2
(90.0) 		33.1
(91.6) 		31.6
(88.9) 		30.4
(86.7) 		34.2
(93.6)
Average low °C (°F) 13.8
(56.8) 		15.0
(59.0) 		18.7
(65.7) 		23.0
(73.4) 		25.4
(77.7) 		24.3
(75.7) 		22.9
(73.2) 		22.4
(72.3) 		22.1
(71.8) 		19.8
(67.6) 		15.9
(60.6) 		12.8
(55.0) 		19.7
(67.5)
Record low °C (°F) 4.9
(40.8) 		6.4
(43.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		13.4
(56.1) 		19.0
(66.2) 		17.4
(63.3) 		15.2
(59.4) 		13.6
(56.5) 		14.2
(57.6) 		11.2
(52.2) 		5.0
(41.0) 		3.6
(38.5) 		3.6
(38.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 6.6
(0.26) 		2.4
(0.09) 		6.4
(0.25) 		6.8
(0.27) 		11.3
(0.44) 		164.0
(6.46) 		257.4
(10.13) 		228.5
(9.00) 		162.1
(6.38) 		62.4
(2.46) 		11.2
(0.44) 		5.9
(0.23) 		924.8
(36.41)
Average rainy days 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.3 7.7 11.5 11.5 7.8 3.0 0.9 0.7 46.5
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 37 28 27 22 25 49 65 68 61 49 40 38 43
Source: India Meteorological Department[14][15]

Governance[]

The city of Nanded is managed by the Nanded-Waghala Municipal Corporation (NWCMC). The corporation consists of 81 democratically elected members. The Municipal Commissioner is the Chief Executive of the corporation. Sunil Lahane is the current Chief Executive of the corporation.

Demographics[]

Religions in Nanded[16]
Religion Percent
Hindu
 
 48.06%
Muslim
 
 33.59%
Buddhist
 
 15.35%
Sikh
 
 2.00%
Others†
 
 1%
†Includes Jains

As of the 2011 census, Nanded had a population of 550,564. The municipality had a gender ratio of 924 females per 1,000 males. 12.4 percent of the population were under six years old. Effective literacy was 87.40 percent. 81.74 percent of women were literate. Male literacy was 92.68 percent.[17]

Economy[]

Nanded is a centre for governance and a market town for its surrounding agricultural region. Tourism is supported by 10 million visitors and religious pilgrims. There is also some industrial development.

Crops grown around Nanded include cotton, bananas, sugarcane, mangoes, soya beans, sweet limes, Grapes, Papaya, and sorghum (jawar). Nanded has a Regional Cotton Research Center to support the Cotton-growing industry. There is an agricultural school operational under the aegis of Krishi Vidyapeeth of Parbhani.

Education[]

School of Computational Sciences, SRTMU Nanded Front View
Main article: List of educational institutions in Nanded (India)

On 17 September 1994, the Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University (SRTMU) was established in Nanded after a restructuring of the Marathwada University in Aurangabad. The university supervises the educational activities in senior colleges in four districts of Marathwada division.

Notable educational institutions in Nanded include the Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, and the Mahatma Gandhi Mission's College of engineering.

Tourism and sites of interest[]

Main article: Tourism in Marathwada

Nanded is an historical city in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra state.[18][19] Vedic rituals are performed on the banks of Godavari River These include Urvashi Ghat, Ram Ghat, and Govardhan Ghat.

Panoramic view of Shri Hazur Sahib Gurdwara
Interior view of the gurdwara
Sri Hazur Sahib seen from the fountains
Sri Hazur Sahib main gate

Temples[]

Nanded's Hindu temples include:

  • Kaleshwar temple, in Vishnupuri
  • Shani Temple, in Mondha on Ram Ghat
  • Yagyavalkya Vedpathshala Saraswati Temple in Shree Nagar
  • Rajput Sangh Renuka Mata Temple
  • Shri Yadav Ahir Samaj Mahamai Mata Mandir devinagar degloor naka Nanded.
  • Marwadi Dharma Shala Hanuman Temple
  • Temples in Trikut village form the Nabhishthan (centre point) of the River Godavari, which is believed to be very sacred for Hindus.
  • Siddheshwar Temple, Hottal – built during the Chalukya era, an example of Hemadpanti temple architecture.[20]
  • Lord Shiva Temple, Tadkhel Village (Degloor Taluka) – built with large stones displaying scripture by the Hindu king, Senapati.
  • Jagdamba Mata Mandir, Tadkhel village

Hazur Sahib[]

Hazur Sahib was built by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It is one of the Panj Takht, the five seats of higher authority for Sikhs. It is built at the site of cremation of Guru Gobind Singh. His remains and weapons are preserved at the site.[19]

Masjids[]

There are several masjids in Nanded, serving the nearly 34 percent Muslim population in Nanded. Some of them are:

  • Markaz Makkah Masjid - Barki Chowk
  • Masjid e Khajgan - Nizam colony , work shop
  • Masjid e Hatai
  • Masjid Abedin - Shivaji Nager
  • Masjid Umar Farooq Ahl e Hadees
  • Makkah Shah Wali Masjid
  • Masjid e Saleheen

Nanded fort[]

Nanded fort is found 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Nanded Railway Station. The Godavari river encloses the fort on three sides. There is a garden and water works.

Transport[]

Nanded Railway Platform

Road[]

National Highway 61 (Kalyan–Ahmednagar–Parbhani–Nanded–Nirmal), National Highway 361 (Nagpur–Wardha-Yavatmal–Nanded-Latur–Solapur–Sangli–Kolhapur–Ratnagiri) and National Highway 161 (Akola–Washim–Hingoli–Nanded–Degloor–Sangareddy) pass through the city. The State Road Transport bus service operates to Nanded.

Rail[]

Main article: Nanded railway station
See also: Wardha–Nanded line

Nanded railway station is located on the Secunderabad–Manmad line of Nanded railway division of the South Central Railway Zone (SCR). Nanded railway division is one of the three railway divisions under South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. Nanded station is the biggest station in Marathwada region. 48 trains arrive each day.[21] Maltekdi railway station is another railway station for Nanded.

Air[]

The Shri Guru Gobind Singh Ji Airport, Nanded is served by daily TruJet flights to Hyderabad, Mumbai and Tirupati. Recently, Air India started its own operations from the city, connecting Nanded to Amritsar with flights on Saturday and Sunday. Air India also started direct flights to Delhi twice a week beginning 19 November 2018. Also the first direct flight between Chandigarh to Nanded started in January 2019. With this long standing demand of Sikh pilgrims has been fulfilled.

Notable people[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Nanded Waghala City Census 2011 data". Indian Census 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  2. ^ "Nanded District – Historical Importance". India.gov.in. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  3. ^ "Nanded". maharashtra government. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  4. ^ Nanded City Nanded airport Corporation website.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c Maharashtra State Gazetteers: Nanded. Director of Government Printing, Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State. 1971. pp. 4, 576.
  6. ^ Proceedings – Indian History Congress. Indian History Congress. 2007. p. 331.
  7. ^ Guruswamy, Mohan. "Police Action". Hyderabad on the Net. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  8. ^ "Gazetteers Department – Bhir". maharashtra.gov.in (Government of Maharashtra). Archived from the original on 24 February 2007. Retrieved 27 February 2007.
  9. ^ "New Page 4". beed.nic.in. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 4 March 2007.
  10. ^ "Nanded | India". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  11. ^ Journal of the United Service Institution of India, Volumes 1-2. United Service Institution of India. 1871. p. 58.
  12. ^ "The Sikh Review". Sikh Cultural Centre. 20 (218–229): 28. 1972.
  13. ^ Nanded home page Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine NWCMC
  14. ^ "Station: Nanded Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 535–536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M148. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  16. ^ Nanded Census 2011.
  17. ^ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
  18. ^ Tourism National Informatics Centre, India.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b Nanded guruwara Maharashtra tourism, Government of India.
  20. ^ Siddheshwar Hottal Archived 5 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine Government of India.
  21. ^ "NED/Hazur Sahib Nanded (4 PFs) Railway Station – Today's Train Arrival Timings – India Rail Info – A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts". India Rail Info.


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