National Radio and Television Administration

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The National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA), formerly the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT, 1998–2013) and the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (SAPPRFT, 2013–2018), is a ministry-level executive agency controlled by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Its main task is the administration and supervision of state-owned enterprises engaged in the television and radio industries.

It directly controls state-owned enterprises at the national level such as China Central Television, China National Radio, and China Radio International, as well as other movie and television studios and other non-business organizations.

History[]

In 1986 the Ministry of Culture Film Bureau and the Ministry of Radio and Television merged to form the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television. On 25 June 1998 the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television reorganized as the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. In March 2013 the State Council announced plans to merge State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television with the General Administration of Press and Publication to form the State Administration of Press and Publication, Radio, Film, and Television.

In March 2018, the SAPPRFT was abolished and functions of the movie, press and publication industry regulation is subordinated to the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party instead of the State Council.^[1]

Technical details[]

In its role of providing the physical infrastructure for broadcasting the NRTA plays a similar role in China as TDF Group plays in France, or Crown Castle plays in the US or Australia. It owns and operates, as well as manages many thousands of MW, FM, TV and Shortwave relay transmitters in China (as well as those leased abroad for external broadcasting).

ALLISS deployment[]

ALLISS antenna seen from underneath

Recently, the SARFT has decided to switch over to using ALLISS technology for international broadcasting in SE and NE Asia.

SARFT's ALLISS deployment

• 2003: China
  • Low Band Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2
  • High Band Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2
  • Band coverage: 5.9 MHz to 26.1 MHz
  • Note that the SARFT did not acquire the highest directivity models of HR 6/4/1 type.
• 2009: Cuba—The SARFT is said to have received a contract from the Chinese Foreign Affairs Department to replicate an ALLISS module in Cuba at an undisclosed location. This is according to Glen Hauser's World of Radio transmission of 25 June 2009.

The ALLISS system is a fully rotatable antenna system for high power shortwave radio broadcasting in the 6 MHz to 26 MHz range. An ALLISS module is a self-contained shortwave relay station that is used for international broadcasting.

ALLISS is a special design case of HRS type antennas. True ALLISS systems have solid radiators (horizontal radiating elements) versus tensioned flexible (open) radiators found with all other variations of ITU HRS type antennas systems. The names is based on a concatenation of two French villages ALLouis and ISSoudun.

CMMB deployment[]

China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting (CMMB) is a mobile television and multimedia standard developed and specified in China by the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT).^[2] It is based on the (STiMi), developed by TiMiTech, a company formed by the Chinese Academy of Broadcasting Science.^[3][4] Announced in October 2006,^[2] it has been described as being similar to Europe's DVB-SH standard for digital video broadcast from both satellites and terrestrial 'gap fillers' to handheld devices.^[4]

It specifies usage of the 2.6 GHz frequency band and occupies 25 MHz bandwidth within which it provides 25 video and 30 radio channels with some additional data channels.^[4] Multiple companies have chips that support CMMB standard - who was the first with a solution March 28, 2007, Siano Mobile Silicon(with the SMS118x chip family, which support diversity and have superb performance) and more .^[5][6]

Role in regulating film, television, and internet content[]

The NRTA issues mandatory guidelines for media content. In 2011 and 2012 (when still SARFT) it limited the number of reality television programs and of historical dramas expressing particular disapproval of programs with a plot twist that involved time travel back to a Chinese historical era.^[7] This decree resulted in cancellation of a number of planned films with historical drama plots.

It issued a directive on 30 March 2009 to highlight 31 categories of content prohibited online, including violence, pornography, content which may "incite ethnic discrimination or undermine social stability". Some industry observers believe that the move was designed to stop the spread of parodies or other comments on politically sensitive issues in the runup to the anniversary of the 4 June Tiananmen Square protests.^[8]

It issued a directive named "SAPPRFT's Opinions On Strengthening The Programme Management of Satellite Television Channels" in 2011, aiming at over-turning the over-emphasis on purely entertainment programmes in the satellite television channels in China.

Outstanding Domestic Animated Television Productions[]

For every quarter, the SAPPRFT announces the Outstanding Domestic Animated Television Productions (Chinese: 优秀国产电视动画片), which is given to the works that "persist with correct value guidance" (坚持正确价值导向) and "possess relatively high artistic quality and production standards" (具有较高艺术水准和制作水平). The initial nominees are selected by the province-level administrative departments of broadcast and television, and the China Central Television. Then, the SAPPRFT invites the relevant broadcasting organisations, experts and audience representatives to review the nominees and make the finalist. Once the list is finalised, the television broadcasters in Mainland China, especially nationwide generalist channels and animation and children's channels  [zh], and children's channels on terrestrial television, are recommended to give priority when broadcasting such series.^[9]

See also[]

• List of banned films in China
• Censorship in the People's Republic of China
• Film censorship in China

References[]

External links[]

• Official website