Pihani
Pihani
Pihānī | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| Nickname(s): PHN | |
 Map of Pihani CD block | |
  Pihani Location in Uttar Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 27°37′12″N 80°12′12″E / 27.619866°N 80.203426°ECoordinates: 27°37′12″N 80°12′12″E / 27.619866°N 80.203426°E[1] | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Hardoi |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5 km2 (2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 141 m (463 ft) |
| Population (2011)[2] | |
| • Total | 36,014 |
| • Density | 7,200/km2 (19,000/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | UP-30 |
| Website | pihaninpp.in |
Pihani is a town and nagar palika parishad (municipal board) in Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh, India.[2] Historically, the city was a centre of sword production, leading to at least one British writer calling it "the Damascus of Oudh".[3] Today, important industries in Pihani include jaggery and woven carpets.[2] As of 2011, the town's population is 36,014, in 5,626 households.[2] Pihani also serves as the headquarters of a community development block in Shahabad tehsil.[2]
Geography[]
Pihani is located at 27°38′N 80°12′E / 27.63°N 80.2°E.[4] It has an average elevation of 141 metres (462 feet).
Demographics[]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 7,616 | — |
| 1911 | 5,963 | −21.7% |
| 1921 | 7,446 | +24.9% |
| 1931 | 8,107 | +8.9% |
| 1941 | 13,101 | +61.6% |
| 1951 | 10,360 | −20.9% |
| 1961 | 10,716 | +3.4% |
| 1971 | 13,511 | +26.1% |
| 1981 | 16,375 | +21.2% |
| 1991 | 21,047 | +28.5% |
| 2001 | 27,545 | +30.9% |
| 2011 | 36,014 | +30.7% |
| Source: 2011 Census of India[2] | ||
As of 2001 India census,[5] Pihani had a population of 27,535. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Pihani has an average literacy rate of 46%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 53%, and female literacy is 38%. In Pihani, 19% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Transport[]
Pihani is well connected with Hardoi City . Government and private buses are available for Hardoi, Lucknow, Kanpur and Delhi.
History[]
There are two different accounts of the founding of Pihani.[3] The first, traditionally told by Hindu locals, holds that Pihani was originally settled by Dube Brahmins from Kannauj.[3] They had supposedly been invited by , a Gaur king who had conquered the fort of (near ) from the Thatheras.[3] The Muslim account, on the other hand, says that Pihani was founded by Sayyid Abdul Ghafur, who served as qazi of Kannauj under the Mughal emperor Humayun.[3] In 1540, after Humayun's defeat by Sher Shah Suri, Abdul Ghafur refused to acknowledge Sher Shah's rule and left Kannauj to take shelter in the jungle where Pihani now stands.[3] The name "Pihani" is thus said to derive from the word pinhani, meaning "concealment".[3]
One of the main historical monuments in Pihani is the ornate tomb of , who served as a minister under Akbar.[3] It consists of a double dome supported by red sandstone pillars, while the surrounding area is shaded by large tamarind trees.[3] An inscription in Persian says that the tomb's construction began in 1071 AH and finished 10 years later.[3] Sadr Jahan's son, Badr-i-Alam, is also buried here.[3] Another monument is the ruined fort of Nizam Murtaza Khan (Badr-i-Alam's son); its western gate is still extant, as are the high walls built of kankar blocks.[3]
Under the Nawabs of Awadh, Pihani was renowned for the quality of its sword blades.[3] It also produced woven turbans (aka dastars), but both of these industries had declined by the turn of the 20th century.[3]
At the turn of the 20th century, Pihani was described as having two distinct quarters named Bari Pihani and Chhoti Pihani.[3] Bari Pihani was older and more run-down at the time, while Chhoti Pihani, or Nizampur, had been founded by Nizam Murtaza Khan and was more prosperous, with many trees providing shade.[3] Pihani remained a minor commercial centre, with a police station, post office, cattle pound, and several schools: one middle school, a lower primary school for boys, and two lower primary schools for girls.[3]
Economy[]
As of 1971, the economy of Pihani was described as dominated by primary activities.[6] The main items imported were cloth, groceries, and kerosene oil.[6] The main items manufactured were handloom, shoes, and agricultural implements.[6] The biggest exports were cane sugar, paddy, and wheat.[6]
Villages[]
Pihani CD block has the following 123 villages:[2]
| Village name | Total land area (hectares) | Population (in 2011) |
|---|---|---|
| 218.6 | 1,005 | |
| 324.4 | 1,395 | |
| 472.6 | 4,200 | |
| 279.4 | 1,632 | |
| 469.6 | 2,382 | |
| 88.1 | 370 | |
| 452 | 2,390 | |
| 273.1 | 1,092 | |
| 486.1 | 1,985 | |
| 100.3 | 757 | |
| 117.5 | 446 | |
| 166.8 | 1,155 | |
| 140 | 826 | |
| 89.1 | 634 | |
| 129.6 | 651 | |
| 361.7 | 2,342 | |
| 333.6 | 2,206 | |
| 596.3 | 3,912 | |
| 683 | 1,963 | |
| 1,057.5 | 7,152 | |
| 232.7 | 2,005 | |
| 183.4 | 1,315 | |
| 269.2 | 1,577 | |
| 183.7 | 2,208 | |
| 476.4 | 5,435 | |
| 83 | 760 | |
| 101 | 1,098 | |
| 175.8 | 506 | |
| 204.1 | 1,452 | |
| 69.4 | 696 | |
| 178.9 | 1,290 | |
| 26.7 | 261 | |
| 53.2 | 594 | |
| 59.6 | 822 | |
| 149.8 | 503 | |
| 66.8 | 64 | |
| 82.5 | 337 | |
| 122.1 | 1,269 | |
| 49.6 | 383 | |
| 94.7 | 493 | |
| 159.7 | 886 | |
| 417 | 3,125 | |
| 233.8 | 3,343 | |
| 244.4 | 0 | |
| 223.5 | 1,217 | |
| 142.3 | 1,255 | |
| 130 | 894 | |
| 502.6 | 3,917 | |
| 305 | 1,989 | |
| 134.5 | 706 | |
| 108.5 | 763 | |
| 105.1 | 773 | |
| Nari Khera | 179.5 | 1,440 |
| 66.2 | 844 | |
| 1,755 | 7,915 | |
| 511.2 | 3,931 | |
| 143.6 | 1,027 | |
| 849 | 5,323 | |
| 66.2 | 701 | |
| 167.6 | 896 | |
| 923.9 | 4,669 | |
| Bahadur Nagar | 188.7 | 1,313 |
| 245.2 | 1,573 | |
| 122 | 722 | |
| 45.8 | 145 | |
| 373 | 2,149 | |
| 166 | 649 | |
| 407.8 | 1,746 | |
| 131 | 793 | |
| 90.4 | 0 | |
| 403.5 | 6,035 | |
| 33.2 | 344 | |
| 81.1 | 477 | |
| 92.5 | 643 | |
| 124.1 | 666 | |
| 329.6 | 5,043 | |
| 172.7 | 1,040 | |
| 334.7 | 2,388 | |
| 146 | 1,029 | |
| 40.7 | 0 | |
| 275.6 | 1,573 | |
| 281.1 | 861 | |
| 60.6 | 340 | |
| 131.2 | 553 | |
| 148.4 | 784 | |
| 1,085.6 | 5,015 | |
| 175.5 | 1,073 | |
| 128.6 | 292 | |
| 464.3 | 2,540 | |
| 282.7 | 1,441 | |
| 343.1 | 2,623 | |
| 269.1 | 1,880 | |
| 661.6 | 2,955 | |
| 464.2 | 2,297 | |
| 477.2 | 2,919 | |
| 119.1 | 948 | |
| 27 | 175 | |
| 190.2 | 989 | |
| 693.9 | 3,911 | |
| 97.4 | 579 | |
| 78.9 | 420 | |
| 60 | 231 | |
| 289.5 | 1,957 | |
| 81.3 | 378 | |
| 58.2 | 428 | |
| 160.9 | 894 | |
| 210.2 | 1,528 | |
| 763.8 | 5,014 | |
| 84.6 | 510 | |
| 79.8 | 650 | |
| 164.3 | 1,775 | |
| 588.2 | 4,274 | |
| 503.2 | 1,947 | |
| 116.5 | 640 | |
| 934.2 | 5,603 | |
| 60.1 | 307 | |
| 55.4 | 408 | |
| 634.9 | 4,120 | |
| 200 | 1,667 | |
| 108.9 | 689 | |
| 158.3 | 1,110 | |
| 277.4 | 2,274 | |
| 411.8 | 2,239 |
References[]
- ^ Search for "Pihani" here https://geonames.nga.mil/namesgaz/. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Hardoi, Part A (Village and Town Directory)" (PDF). Census 2011 India. pp. 124–45, 578–81, 589. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Nevill, H.R. (1904). Hardoi - A Gazetteer. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 236–9. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Pihani
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Census 1971 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part X-A: Village & Town Directory, District Hardoi (PDF). 1972. pp. viii–xi, 8–9. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
External links[]
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- Cities and towns in Hardoi district
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