Timeline of Hamburg

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hamburg, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by with reliable sources.

Prior to 16th century[]

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'Hamburg' by Robert Bowyer, 1814
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  • 831 – Bishopric established.[1]
  • 845 – Town sacked by Norsemen.[2]
  • 1189
    • Adolf III of Holstein gets charter from Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I that gives Hamburg a court, jurisdiction, and fishing rights.[2]
    • St. Peter's Church built (approximate date).
  • 1190 – Alster dam installed.
  • 1201 – Hamburg occupied by forces of Valdemar II of Denmark.
  • 1223 – Archbishopric relocated from Hamburg to Bremen.[3]
  • 1241 – Lübeck-Hamburg alliance established.[3]
  • 1248 – Fire.
  • 1256 – St. Catherine's Church active (approximate date).[citation needed]
  • 1284 – 5 August: Fire.
  • 1286 – 24 April: acquires rights to maintain permanent fire on Neuwerk.
  • 1299 – 1 November: allowed to build a fortified tower, the new work (Neuwerk).
  • 1310 – completion of the Great Tower Neuwerk.
  • 1329 – St. Mary's Cathedral consecrated.
  • 1350 – Black Death.
  • 1356 –  [de] (feast) begins.
  • 1375 – Grocers' Guild formed.
  • 1390 – Public clock installed (approximate date).[4]
  • 1410 – Constitution of Hamburg established.
  • 1412 –  [de].
  • 1418 – St. Peter's Church rebuilt (approximate date).
  • 1479 –  [de] (public library) established in the Town Hall.
  • 1491 – Printing press in operation.[5]
  • 1500 – City expands its borders.[6]

16th–18th centuries[]

Hamburg, 1730
  • 1510 – Hamburg becomes an imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire.[2]
  • 1529
  • 1536 – Hamburg joins Schmalkaldic League.[2]
  • 1558 – Hamburg Stock Exchange established.[8]
  • 1567 – Trade with the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London established.[9]
  • 1590 – Berenberg Bank founded.
  • 1615 – City walls extended around Hamburg-Neustadt.[2]
  • 1619 –  [de] founded.[8][10]
  • 1630 – Bremen–Lübeck–Hamburg defensive alliance formed.[8]
  • 1654 –  [de] in use.[citation needed]
  • 1663 – Erbauliche Monaths Unterredungen magazine begins publication.[11]
  • 1665 – Hamburg Chamber of Commerce founded.
  • 1669
  • 1678 – Oper am Gänsemarkt (opera house) opens;[12] premiere of Theile's opera Adam und Eva.[13]
  • 1679 – Coffee house in business.[14]
  • 1705 – Premiere of Handel's opera Almira.[15]
  • 1710 –  [de] established.
  • 1712 – Plague.
  • 1735 –  [de] (business library) founded.[16]
  • 1762
  • 1765
    •  [de] (arts society) and Patriotic Club[7] founded.
    • Komödienhaus (theatre) built.[17]
  • 1767 – Hamburgische Entreprise (theatre) established.[17]
  • 1778 – Hamburger Ersparungskasse (bank) established.[10]
  • 1787 – City directory published.[18]
  • 1789 – Clubbs der Freundschaft founded.[16]
  • 1790 – United States consulate established.[19]
  • 1792 –  [de] formed.
  • 1799 – H. J. Merck & Co. in business.

19th century[]

1800s–1840s[]

  • 1805 –  [de] (education society) founded.[16]
  • 1806 – 19 November: French occupation of city begins.[6]
  • 1810 – Hoffmann und Campe publisher in business.[20]
  • 1811 – City becomes capital of the French Bouches-de-l'Elbe department.[6]
  • 1813
  • 1814 – Hamburg Citizen Militia and Hamburg Police formed.
  • 1815 – 8 June: City becomes a member state of the German Confederation.[6]
  • 1821 – Lehmann's botanical garden established.
  • 1823
    • Hospital built in St. George.[22]
    • Altona Observatory founded by Heinrich Christian Schumacher.
  • 1825 – February flood of 1825.
  • 1827 – City Theatre opens.[23][24]
  • 1828 – Hamburg Philharmonic Society formed.[25]
  • 1833 – Rauhes Haus founded.
  • 1834 – Johanneum building constructed.[7]
  • 1835 – Coat of arms of Hamburg redesigned.[citation needed]
  • 1838 – English Church built.[22]
  • 1839 – Verein für Hamburgische Geschichte (local history society) founded.
  • 1840
    • Gymnasium founded.[6]
    • Population: 136,956.
  • 1841 – Circus Gymnasticus opens.[citation needed]
  • 1842
    • Exchange built.[7]
    • 5–8 May: Great Fire of Hamburg.[6]
  • 1843
    • Thalía Theatre built.[22]
    •  [de] established.
  • 1845 –  [de] shopping arcade built.[26]
  • 1846 – Berliner Railway Station established.
  • 1847
    • Hamburg America Line in business.
    • Patriotic Club building constructed.[7]
  • 1848 –  [de] in business.[20]
  • 1849

1850s–1890s[]

  • 1850 – Kunsthalle (art gallery) opens.[28]
  • 1855 – January: Flood.[6]
  • 1856 – North German Bank and Union Bank established.[29]
  • 1859
    •  [de] built.[2]
    • Hamburg Frauenchor (women's choir) founded.[30]
  • 1861
    • Museum Godeffroy opens.
    • Population: 178,841.[31]
  • 1863
  • 1865
  • 1866
    • Horsecar tram begins operating.
    •  [de] (railway station) established.
    • 21 August: City becomes part of the North German Confederation.[33]
  • 1867 – Trabrennbahn Bahrenfeld (horse racetrack) built.
  • 1868 – St. Georg becomes part of city.
  • 1869 – Horner Rennbahn (horse racetrack) and Kunsthalle[7] built.
  • 1871
    • City becomes part of the German Empire.
    • Population: 240,251.
    •  [de] (education society) branch established.[34]
  • 1872 – Venloer Railway Station established.
  • 1873
    • Photographic Society founded.[35]
    • Frei Hafen bridge constructed.[2]
  • 1874 – Hagenbeck's zoo opens.
  • 1877
    • Ohlsdorf Cemetery established near city.
    • Blohm + Voss shipbuilders in business near city.
  • 1878 – Museum for Art and Industry founded.[2]
  • 1879
    •  [de] headquartered in Hamburg.[36]
    • Holsten Brewery in business.
  • 1880 – Steinway & Sons piano factory in operation.
  • 1883 – Speicherstadt (warehouse district) construction begins in the Port of Hamburg.
  • 1887
  • 1888
    • Hamburg joins German Customs Union.[7]
    • Harbourworks[7] and iron bridge[2] constructed.
    • Free Port opens.[37]
  • 1889 – 15 May: Exhibition of Trade and Industry opens.[33]
  • 1890
    • German East Africa Line (shipping company) in business.[37]
    • May: Gas-worker strike.[33]
    • Population: 323,923.[3]
  • 1891 – Natural History Museum built.[2]
  • 1892
    •  [de].[3]
    • German Open Tennis Championships begin.
    • Hamburger Dom (funfair) relocated to Heiligengeistfeld fair ground.
  • 1894 – St. Pauli becomes part of city.[citation needed]
  • 1896
    • November: Dockworker strike.[33]
    •  [de] (fish market) rebuilt.
  • 1897 – Hamburg Rathaus (city hall) built.
  • 1898 – Hamburg-Altona railway station opens.
  • 1899 –  [de] (library) founded.[citation needed]
  • 1900
    • Institute for Maritime and Tropical Diseases opens.
    • Shipbuilding school founded.[2]

20th century[]

1900–1945[]

  • 1901 – Civil law courts built.[2]
  • 1904 – American Businessmen's Club of Hamburg founded.[19]
  • 1905 – Population: 802,793.[2]
  • 1906
    • Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (railway station) opens.
    • Altona-Hamburg railway begins operating.
  • 1907
  • 1908
    • Hamburgisches Kolonialinstitut [de] established.
    • Music Hall inaugurated.[7]
    • Simplo Fullfeder pen company relocates to Hamburg.
  • 1909 – Hotel Atlantic in business.
  • 1910 – Sportplatz at Rothenbaum opens.
  • 1911 – Hamburg Airport and Elbe Tunnel open.
  • 1912
    • Hamburg U-Bahn begins operating.
    • Hamburg-Bergedorf Observatory dedicated.
    • Hamburg-Mannheimer Insurance Corporation in business.
  • 1913
    • 3 April: Vaterland passenger ship launched.[38]
    • Gewerkschaftlich-Genossenschaftliche Versicherungsaktiengesellschaft (insurance firm) in business.[39]
  • 1914 – Hamburg Stadtpark (park) opens.
  • 1918
    • Hamburg Kammerspiele (theatre) founded.
    • Hamburger Volkszeitung newspaper begins publication.[27]
  • 1919 – University of Hamburg and Hamburger Sport-Verein established.
  • 1922 – Museum of Hamburg History opens.
  • 1923 – Labour and Socialist International founded in Hamburg.[40]
  • 1924
    • Nordische Rundfunk radio begins broadcasting.
    • Chilehaus built.
  • 1925
    • Helms-Museum and Hamburg School of Astrology established.
    • Population: 1,079,126.
  • 1926 – Botanischer Sondergarten Wandsbek (garden) established.
  • 1930
    • Planten un Blomen (park) created.
    • Population: 1,145,124.
  • 1933
  • 1934
  • 1938
    • Neuengamme concentration camp established by SS.
    • major expansion of the land of Hamburg per the Greater Hamburg Act:
      • the cities Altona, Wandsbek, and Harburg-Wilhelmsburg join
      • and the cities Geesthacht and Cuxhaven (including Neuwerk) leave the territory of the Land Hamburg.
  • 1939 – Bombing of Hamburg in World War II begins.
  • 1945
    • Bombing of Hamburg in World War II ends.
    • Eppendorf (company) founded.
    • Population: 1,350,278.

1946–1990s[]

  • 1946
  • 1948
    • Hamburger Abendblatt newspaper and Stern news magazine begin publication.
    • Population: 1,518,900.
  • 1949 – Hamburger Morgenpost newspaper begins publication.
  • 1950 – Public University of Music established.
  • 1951 – Institut français Hamburg founded.
  • 1952
    • Der Spiegel news magazine headquartered in city.
    • Bild newspaper begins publication.[39]
    • Constitution of Hamburg ratified.[39]
    • UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning headquartered in city.
  • 1953
  • 1955 – Hamburg State Opera building opens.
  • 1957
    • Fazle Omar Mosque built.[42]
    • Streit's Haus Filmtheater opens.[43]
    • British Army School and Hamburg Symphony Orchestra established.
  • 1958 – Hamburg Atlantic Line in business.
  • 1959 – Kaiserkeller night club opens.
  • 1960 – August: English rock band The Beatles begin performing in Hamburg.
  • 1961 – Population: 1,840,543.
  • 1962
  • 1963
  • 1964 - Deutsches Übersee-Institut headquartered in Hamburg.
  • 1965
    • Gruner + Jahr publisher in business.
    • Hamburg Transport Association established.
    • Imam Ali Mosque built.[42]
    • NDR Fernsehen (television) headquartered in city.
  • 1967 – Eros Center brothel in business on the Reeperbahn.
  • 1968
  • 1969 – waived older rights on harbour estate in Cuxhaven in favour of Neuwerk and Scharhörn to build an offshore harbour.
  • 1970
    • Hamburg University of Applied Sciences founded.
    • Population: 1,793,640.
  • 1971 –  [de][44] and Fabrik cultural centre founded.
  • 1973
    • Congress Center Hamburg opens.
    • University of the German Federal Armed Forces and Neumeier's Hamburg Ballet established.
    •  [de] (bridge) built.
  • 1974
  • 1975 – New Elbe Tunnel opens.
  • 1976 – Die Motte youth centre founded in Ottensen.[45]
  • 1978 – Technical University of Hamburg founded.
  • 1979
    • Botanischer Garten Hamburg (garden) opens.
    • Werkstatt 3 co-operative founded in Ottensen.[45]
  • 1980 – Stadtteilarchiv Ottensen (archive) founded.[45]
  • 1981
  • 1982 – Kampnagel (cultural space) established.
  • 1984
    • Chaos Communication Congress begins.
    • Hamburg Institute for Social Research founded.[44]
  • 1985
    • Birdland jazz club opens.
    • Museum der Arbeit established.
  • 1986
    • Chaos Computer Club headquartered in city.
    • Radio Hamburg begins broadcasting.
    • Hamburg Marathon begins.
    • Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant commissioned near city.
  • 1988
    • Center for Science and International Security at the University of Hamburg founded.[44]
    • Henning Voscherau becomes mayor.
    • Population: 1,603,070.
  • 1989
    • Deichtorhallen art centre opens.


    • founded.
  • 1990 –  [de] headquartered in city.
  • 1992 – Filmfest Hamburg begins.
  • 1994 – Film and Television Museum Hamburg[46] and Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg established.
  • 1996 – City website online (approximate date).[47]
  • 1997 – Ortwin Runde becomes mayor.
  • 1998
  • 2000
    • Bucerius Law School established.
    • International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea headquartered in city.

21st century[]

  • 2001
  • 2002
    • 4 November: Bambule eviction.
    • O2 World arena opens.
    • Bucerius Kunst Forum (art gallery) founded.
  • 2003 – Hamburg Pride founded.[49]
  • 2004
  • 2005 – eVendi Arena (for American Football) built.
  • 2006 – German Institute of Global and Area Studies established.
  • 2007
  • 2008
    • HafenCity district and  [de] established.
    •  [de] (industrial public relations event) begins.
    • Museum für Kunst und Kultur an der Elbe opens in Jenisch House.
  • 2009
  • 2010 – Christoph Ahlhaus becomes mayor.
  • 2011
    • Olaf Scholz becomes mayor.
    • European Union, Latin America and the Caribbean Foundation headquartered in city.
  • 2012 – Population: 1,813,587.
  • 2013 – December: 2013–14 Hamburg demonstrations begin.
  • 2016 – 31 October: Elbphilharmonie concert hall is officially completed.
  • 2017 – 7 July: G20 summit meeting held.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Britannica 1910.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Hamburg". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
  4. ^  [de] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g George Henry Townsend (1867), "Hamburg", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Baedeker 1910.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c Dollinger 1970.
  9. ^ William E. Lingelbach (1904). "The Merchant Adventurers at Hamburg". American Historical Review. 9 (2): 265–287. doi:10.2307/1833366. hdl:2027/njp.32101068319530. JSTOR 1833366.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b Glyn Davies; Roy Davies (2002). "Comparative Chronology of Money" – via University of Exeter.
  11. ^ Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
  12. ^ George J. Buelow (1978). "Opera in Hamburg 300 Years Ago". Musical Times. 119 (1619): 26–28. doi:10.2307/958619. JSTOR 958619.
  13. ^ Stephen Rose (2005). "Chronology". In Tim Carter and John Butt (ed.). Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
  14. ^ Nina Luttinger; Gregory Dicum (1999). "Historic Timeline". The Coffee Book: Anatomy of an Industry from Crop to the Last Drop. New Press. ISBN 978-1-59558-724-4.
  15. ^ Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c Julius Petzholdt (1853), "Hamburg", Handbuch Deutscher Bibliotheken (in German), Halle: H.W. Schmidt, OCLC 8363581
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b William Grange (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of German Theater. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6489-4.
  18. ^ A. V. Williams (1913). Development and Growth of City Directories. Cincinnati, USA.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b "Hamburg Facts and History". American Club of Hamburg. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b Allgemeines Adreßbuch für den deutschen Buchhandel ... 1870 (in German). Leipzig: O.A. Schulz. 1870.
  21. ^ Katherine Aaslestad (2005). "Remembering and Forgetting: The Local and the Nation in Hamburg's Commemorations of the Wars of Liberation". Central European History. 38 (3): 384–416. doi:10.1163/156916105775563634. JSTOR 20141115.
  22. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Hamburg". Handbook for North Germany. London: J. Murray. 1877.
  23. ^ "Hamburg". Neuer Theater-Almanach (in German). Berlin: F.A. Günther & Sohn. 1908. hdl:2027/uva.x030515382.
  24. ^ Hermann Uhde (1879). Das Stadttheater in Hamburg, 1827–1877 (in German). Stuttgart: Cotta.
  25. ^ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
  26. ^ Furnée and Lesger, ed. (2014). The Landscape of Consumption: Shopping Streets and Cultures in Western Europe, 1600-1900. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-31406-2.
  27. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  28. ^ Königliche Museen zu Berlin (1904). Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland (in German) (6th ed.). Georg Reimer.
  29. ^ John Ramsay McCulloch (1880), "Hamburg", in Hugh G. Reid (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
  30. ^ Donna M. Di Grazia, ed. (2013). Nineteenth-Century Choral Music. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-98852-0.
  31. ^  [de] (1862). "Deutschland: Hamburg". Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde (in German). Leipzig: A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
  33. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Hamburg", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
  34. ^ Hurd 1996.
  35. ^ "Continental Photographic Societies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1890
  36. ^ Umbach 2005.
  37. ^ Jump up to: a b Edwin Jones Clapp (1911). The Port of Hamburg. Yale University Press.
  38. ^ Florian Illies (2013). 1913: The Year Before the Storm. Melville House. ISBN 978-1-61219-352-6.
  39. ^ Jump up to: a b c Europa World Year Book 2004. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1857432533.
  40. ^ James C. Docherty; Peter Lamb (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Socialism (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6477-1.
  41. ^ "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  42. ^ Jump up to: a b Ossama Hegazy (2015). "Towards a German Mosque". In Erkan Toğuşlu (ed.). Everyday Life Practices of Muslims in Europe. Leuven University Press. pp. 193–216. ISBN 978-94-6270-032-1.
  43. ^ "Movie Theaters in Hamburg, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
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  45. ^ Jump up to: a b c M. Franzen (2005). "New social movements and gentrification in Hamburg and Stockholm: A comparative study". Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 20 (1): 51–77. doi:10.1007/s10901-005-6764-z. JSTOR 41107283.
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This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography[]

in English[]

published in 17th–18th centuries
  • Thomas Nugent (1749), "Hamburg", The Grand Tour, 2: Germany and Holland, London: S. Birt, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030762572
  • Joseph Marshall (1772), "Hamburgh (etc.)", Travels through Holland, Flanders, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Lapland, Russia, the Ukraine, and Poland, in the years 1768, 1769, and 1770, London: Printed for J. Almon, OCLC 3354484
  • Richard Brookes (1786), "Hamburg", The General Gazetteer (6th ed.), London: J.F.C. Rivington
published in 19th century
  • Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Hamburgh", New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
  • David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Hamburgh". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
  • Edward Augustus Domeier (1830), "Hamburg", Descriptive Road-Book of Germany, London: Samuel Leigh, hdl:2027/hvd.hx167e
  • Robert Baird (1842), "Hamburg", Visit to Northern Europe, New York: John S. Taylor & Co., OCLC 8052123
  • Theodore Alois Buckley (1862), "Hamburgh", Great Cities of the Middle Ages (2nd ed.), London: Routledge, Warne, & Routledge
  • Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Hamburg". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802.
  • "Hamburg", Northern Germany (5th ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1873, OCLC 5947482
  • "Hamburg", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1873
  • "Hamburg", Appletons' European Guide Book, New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1888
  • Murat Halstead (November 1892). "City of Hamburg". The Cosmopolitan. New York.
published in 20th century
published in 21st century
  • John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Hamburg". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8240-7644-3.
  • Clemens Wischermann (2002). "Changes in population development, urban structures, and living conditions in nineteenth-century Hamburg". In Richard Lawton; W. Robert Lee (eds.). Population and Society in Western European Port Cities, c.1650-1939. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-435-7.
  • Peter Uwe Hohendahl, ed. (2003), Patriotism, Cosmopolitanism, and National Culture: Public Culture in Hamburg, 1700–1933, Rodopi, ISBN 9789042011854
  • Maiken Umbach (2005). "A Tale of Second Cities: Autonomy, Culture, and the Law in Hamburg and Barcelona in the Late Nineteenth Century". American Historical Review. 110 (3): 659–692. doi:10.1086/ahr.110.3.659.

in German[]

External links[]

Coordinates: 53°33′55″N 10°00′05″E / 53.565278°N 10.001389°E / 53.565278; 10.001389

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