Ulmus szechuanica

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Ulmus szechuanica
SHHG Ulmus szechuanica.jpg
Ulmus szechuanica, Sir Harold Hillier Gardens
Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Ulmaceae
Genus: Ulmus
Species:
U. szechuanica
Binomial name
Ulmus szechuanica
Fang
Synonyms
  • Sichuan Elm Morton Arboretum
  • Ulmus erythrocarpa W. C. Cheng

Ulmus szechuanica Fang, known as the Szechuan (Sichuan), or red-fruited, elm, is a small to medium deciduous Chinese tree found along the Yangtze river through the provinces of Sichuan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu.

Description[]

Szechuanica leaves.jpg

The tree can reach a height of 18 m, but is usually less than 10 m, with a spreading umbrella-like crown. The leaves, dark red on emergence, are generally obovate < 9 cm long by 5 cm broad, borne on branchlets with an irregular corky layer. The wind-pollinated apetalous flowers are produced on second-year shoots in February, followed in March by suborbicular samarae < 16 mm long by 13 mm wide.[2][3]

Pests and diseases[]

Ulmus szechuanica was evaluated with other Chinese elms at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, where it exhibited a resistance to Dutch elm disease. The species is eschewed by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola.[4][5]

Cultivation[]

Growing best on well-drained soils, U. szechuanica is cold hardy; in artificial freezing tests at the Morton Arboretum [6] the LT50 (temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be −30 °C. However, it was also found to be comparatively weak-wooded, making it susceptible to storm damage in winter.[7] There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce beyond the United States.

Hybrid cultivars[]

U. szechuanica is believed to have been used in post-2000 hybridization experiments at the Morton Arboretum.[8]

Accessions[]

North America
  • Brenton Arboretum, Iowa, US. No accession details available.
  • Chicago Botanic Garden, Illinois, US. 2 trees, no other details available.
  • Denver Botanic Gardens, US. No details available
  • Holden Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 96-179 (unknown provenance), 97-30 wild collected in China.
  • Morton Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 429-84, 53-95.
  • United States National Arboretum Washington, D.C., US. Acc. nos. 68987, 68991, 76235, 76236, 76250, 68992.
Europe

Nurseries[]

North America
  • Sun Valley Garden Centre [3], Eden Prairie, Minnesota, US.
Europe
  • Pan-Global Plants [4], Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire, UK.

References[]

  1. ^ Lin, Q.; Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Ulmus szechuanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T152844046A152844051. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T152844046A152844051.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ Fu, L. & Jin J. (eds). (1992). China Red Data Book. Rare and endangered plants. Vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing.
  3. ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [1]
  4. ^ Miller, F. & Ware, G. (1884). Preference for and Suitability of Selected Elms Ulmus spp. and their Hybrids for the Elm Leaf Beetle, (Pyrrhalta luteola Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Environmental Horticulture. 12(4):231 - 235. December 1994.
  5. ^ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  6. ^ Shirazi, A. M. & Ware, G. H. (2004). Evaluation of New Elms from China for Cold Hardiness in Northern Latitudes. International Symposium on Asian Plant Diversity & Systematics 2004, Sakura, Japan.
  7. ^ Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US. [2] Archived 2007-11-30 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Mittempergher, L. & Santini, A. (2004). Elm breeding history. Invest Agrar: Sist Recur For, (2004), 13 (1), 161-177.
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