1988 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1988.

Plants[]

Angiosperms[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Stonebergia^[2]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Wolfe & Wehr	Ypresian	Allenby Formation	Canada	A Rosaceae genus

Arthropods[]

Insects[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aneuretellus^[3]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Dlussky	Middle Eocene		Russia	An aneuretine ant
Protopone primigena^[3]^[4]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Dlussky	Middle Eocene	Sakhalin amber	Russia	A ponerine ant	Protopone primigena
Zherichinius^[3]	Gen et 2 sp nov	valid	Dlussky	Middle Eocene	Sakhalin amber	Russia	A dolichoderine ant, two species Z. horiibilis & Z. rapax	Zherichinius horribilis

Archosauromorphs[]

Newly named non-avian dinosaurs[]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[5]

The dubious family, Ornitholestidae is named by Gregory Scott Paul.

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Anserimimus^[6]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Barsbold	Late Cretaceous	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	An ornithomimid theropod	Anserimimus planinychus
Cathetosaurus^[7]^[8]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Jensen	Late Jurassic		USA Colorado	A camarasauromorph sauropod, type species C. lewisi	Cathetosaurus lewisi
"Chassternbergia"^[9]	Subgen Nov	Junior synonym	Bakker	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada Alberta	Jr syn of Edmontonia	Edmontonia rugosidens
Denversaurus^[9]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Bakker	late Maastrichtian	Lance Formation	USA ( South Dakota, Colorado, Texas, Wyoming)	A nodosaurid	Denversaurus schlessmani (on left)
Giraffatitan	Gen et comb nov	Valid	Paul	Late Jurassic		Tanzania	new genus for Brachiosaurus brancai	Giraffatitan brancai
"Hironosaurus"	Gen nov	Nomen nudum		Late Cretaceous		Japan	A possible hadrosaurid, undescribed
"Kagasaurus"	Gen nov	Nomen nudum	Hisa	Early Cretaceous		Japan	A possible dromeosaurid, undescribed
Kotasaurus^[10]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Yadagiri	Early Jurassic	Kota Formation	India	A basal sauropod
Nanotyrannus^[11]	Gen et comb nov	Valid?	Bakker, Williams, & Currie	Late Cretaceous	Lance Formation	USA ( Montana)	Possible junior synonym of Tyrannosaurus.	Nanotyrannus lancensis
Orodromeus^[12]	Gen ex sp nov	Valid	Horner & Weishampel	Campanian	Two Medicine Formation	USA ( Montana) Canada ( Alberta)	An ornithopod	Orodromeus makelai
"Protognathus"^[13]	Gen et sp nov	Senior synonym	Zhang	Middle Jurassic	Shaximiao Formation	China	Jr homonym of Protognathus Basilewsky renamed Protognathosaurus by Olshevsky, 1991
"Stenotholus"^[14]	Gen et sp nov	Junior synonym	Giffin, Gabriel, & Johnson	Late Cretaceous	Hell Creek Formation	USA ( Montana)	Junior synonym of Stygimoloch	Stygimoloch spinifer

Newly named birds[]

Name	Status	Novelty	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
^[15]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Early Pliocene		South Africa	A Ciconiidae.
^[16]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Middle Miocene	MN 8	Romania	A Diomedeidae.
Gymnogyps kofordi ^[17]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Early Pleistocene	Irvingtonian	USA: Florida	A Cathartidae.
^[18]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Middle Miocene	, Round Mountain Silt	USA: California	A Cathartidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[19]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Early Oligocene		Soviet Union: Russia	An Apodiformes, Karkhu, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
Lithornis celetius ^[20]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Late Paleocene	, Fort Union Formation	USA: Montana	A Palaeognathae Pycraft, 1900, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
Lithornis plebius ^[20]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Early Eocene	, Willwood Formation	USA: Wyoming	A Palaeognathae Pycraft, 1900, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
Lithornis promiscuus ^[20]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Early Eocene	Middle Clarkforkian, Willwood Formation	USA: Wyoming	A Palaeognathae Pycraft, 1900, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[21]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Middle Miocene	Messel pit, MP 11	Germany: Hessen	A , Messelornithidae Hesse, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[16]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Middle Miocene	MN 8	Romania	A Sulidae.
Pachyplichas yaldwyni ^[22]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Quaternary	Probably	New Zealand	An Acanthisittidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Pachyplichas jagmi ^[22]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Quaternary	North Island	New Zealand	An Acanthisittidae.
^[23]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Eocene	Keasey Formation	USA: Oregon	A Pelecaniformes, Plotopteridae Howard, 1969, this is the type species of the new genus.
Porphyrio paepae ^[24]	Valid	Sp. nov.	David W. Steadman	Holocene	Marquesas Islands, Tahuata and Hiva Oa	French Polynesia: Marquesas Islands	A Rallidae.
^[25]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré	Late Eocene	Phosphorites du Quercy,	France	A Coliidae.
^[25]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré	Late Eocene	Phosphorites du Quercy,	France	A Coliidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Pseudocrypturus cercanaxius ^[20]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Early Eocene	, Green River Formation; London Clay A, MP 8	USA: Wyoming; UK: England	A Palaeognathae Pycraft, 1900, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[26]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Late Miocene	Chasicoan,	Argentina	A Gruiformes, Phorusrhacidae Ameghino, 1889, Dolgopol de Saez, 1927.
Sula tasmani ^[27]	Valid	Sp. nov.		Holocene	Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island	Australia: New South Wales	A Sulidae, now seen as a subspecies of Sula dactylatra Lesson, 1831, Sula dactylatra fullagari O’Brien et Davies, 1991 is its junior synonym, so tasmani is the correct name.
^[25]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré	Late Eocene	MP 16	France	A basal Piciformes, Mourer-Chauviré, 1988, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[28]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Oligocene-Early Miocene		Brazil	Described as a Rallidae, but transferred to the Quercymegapodiidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1992 by Mourer-Chauviré in 2000 ^[29]
^[30]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Paleocene		Soviet Union: Kazakhstan	Aves Incertae Sedis, perhaps a Rallidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[25]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Cécile Mourer-Chauviré	Late Eocene	MP 16	France	A Caprimulgidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[30]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Eocene	Bartonian	Soviet Union: Uzbekistan	A Fürbringer, 1888, A Forma Familia, Charadriiformes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus.
^[30]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.		Late Paleocene	near Tashkent	Soviet Union: Kazakhstan	A Pelecaniformes, Harrison et Walker, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.

Pterosaurs[]

New taxa[]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Tupuxuara^[31]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kellner & Campos	Cretaceous	Santana Formation	Brazil	A Thalassodromidae pterosaur	Tupuxuara leonardii

References[]

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1988). "Rosaceous Chamaebatiaria-like foliage from the Paleogene of western North America". Aliso. 12 (1): 177–200. doi:10.5642/aliso.19881201.14.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Dlussky, G. M. (1988). "Ants of Sakhalin amber (Paleocene?)" (PDF). Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal (in Russian). 1988 (1): 50–61.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Dlussky, G.M.; Wedmann, S. (2012). "The poneromorph ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae: Amblyoponinae, Ectatomminae, Ponerinae) of Grube Messel, Germany: High biodiversity in the Eocene". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 10 (4): 725–753. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.628341. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Barsbold, R. 1988. A new late Cretaceous ornithomimid of Mongolia [in Russian]. Paleontol. J. 1: pp. 122-125.
^ Jensen, J.A. 1988. A fourth new sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of the Colorado Plateau and sauropod bipedalism. Great Basin Nat. 48 (2), pp. 121-145.
^ Mateus, O., & Tschopp E. (2013). Cathetosaurus as a valid sauropod genus and comparisons with Camarasaurus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts, 2013. 173.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Bakker, R. T. 1988. Review of the late Cretaceous Nodosaurid Dinosauria, Denversaurus schlessmani, a new armor-plated dinosaur from the Latest Cretaceous of South Dakota, the Last Survivor of the Nodosaurians, with comments on Stegosaur-Nodosaur Relationships. Hunteria 1 (3), pp. 3-23.
^ Yadagiri, P. 1988. A new sauropod Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis from Lower Jurassic Kota Formation of India. Records of the Geological Survey of India 116 (3-8): pp. 102-127.
^ Bakker, R.T., M. Williams, and P. Currie. 1988. Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria 1: pp. 1-30.
^ Horner, J.R. and D.B. Weishampel. 1988. A comparative embryological study of two ornithischian dinosaurs. Nature 332: pp. 256- 257.
^ Olshevsky, G. 1991. A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia. Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (1st printing): iv + 196 pages.
^ Giffin, E. B., D.L. Gabriel, and R.E. Johnson. 1987. A new pachycephalosaurid skull (Ornithischia) from the Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation of Montana. J. Vert. Palaeontol. 7 (4); pp. 398-407.
^ Philippa J. Haarhoff (1988). "A New Fossil Stork (Aves, Ciconiidae) from the Late Tertiary of Langebaanweg, South Africa". Annals of the South African Museum. 97: 297–313.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Dan Grigorescu; Jenö Kessler (1988). "New Contributions to the Knowledge of the Sarmatian Birds from South Dobrogea in the Frame of the Eastern Paratethyan Avifauna". Revue Roumaine de Géologie, Géophysique et Géographie, [Série]: Géologie. 32: 91–97.
^ Steven D. Emslie (1988). "The Fossil History and Phylogenetic Relationships of Condors (Ciconiiformes: Vulturidae) in the New World". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 8 (2): 212–228. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011699.
^ Steven D. Emslie (1988). "An Early Condor-like Vulture from North America" (PDF). The Auk. 105 (3): 529–535. doi:10.1093/auk/105.3.529.
^ Aleksandr A. Karkhu (1988). "A New Family of Swift-Like Birds from the Paleogene of Europe". Paleontological Journal. 22: 77–88.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Peter W. Houde (1988). "Paleognathous Birds from the Early Tertiary of the Northern Hemisphere". Publication of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. 22: 1–148.
^ Angelika Hesse (1988). "Die †Messelornithidae-Ein Neue Familie der Kranichartigen (Aves: Gruiformes: Rhynocheti) aus dem Tertiär Europas und Nordamerikas". Journal für Ornithologie. 129 (1): 83–95. doi:10.1007/bf01641534.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Philip R. Millener (1988). "Contributions to New Zealand's Late Quaternary Avifauna. I: Pachyplichas, a New Genus of Wren (Aves: Acanthisittidae), with Two New Species". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 18 (4): 383–406. doi:10.1080/03036758.1988.10426464.
^ James L. Goedert (1988). "A New Late Eocene Species of Plotopteridae (Aves: Pelecaniformes) from Northwestern Oregon". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 45 (6): 97–102.
^ David W. Steadman (1988). "A New Species of Porphyrio (Aves: Rallidae) from Archeological Sites in the Marquesas Islands". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 101 (1): 162–170.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1988). "Le Gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa Faune de Vertébrés de l'Éocène Supérieur II. Oiseaux". Palaeontographica A. 205: 29–50.
^ Eduardo P. Tonni; Claudia P. Tambussi (1988). "Un Nuevo Psilopterninae (Aves: Ralliformes) del Mioceno Tardio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Republica Argentina". Ameghiniana. 25: 155–160.
^ Gerard F. van Tets; Charles W. Meredith; Peter J. Fullagar; Peter M. Davidson (1988). "Osteological Differences Between Sula and Morus, and a Description of an Extinct New Species of Sula from Lord Howe and Norfolk islands, Tasman Sea" (PDF). Notornis. 35 (1): 35–57. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-23.
^ Herculano M. F. de Alvarenga (1988). "Ave Fóssil (Gruiformes: Rallidae) dos Folhelhos da Bacia de Taubaté, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 60: 321–328.
^ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (2000). "A New Species of Ameripodius (Aves: Galliformes: Quercymegapodiidae) from the Lower Miocene of France". Palaeontology. 43 (3): 481–493. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2000.00136.x.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Lev A. Nessov (1988). "Novyye ptitsy mela i paleogena Sredney Azii i Kazakhstana i usloviya na mestakh ikh obitaniya. [New Cretaceous and Paleogene Birds from Middle Asia and Kazakhstan, and the Condition Existing at Theire Places of Residence.] [in Russian, with English sum.]". Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR. 182: 116–123.
^ Kellner, A.W.A., and Campos, D.A. (1988). "Sobre un novo pterossauro com crista sagital da Bacia do Araripe, Cretaceo Inferior do Nordeste do Brasil. (Pterosauria, Tupuxuara, Cretaceo, Brasil)." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 60: 459–469. [in Portuguese]

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Wolfe1988-2] Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1988). "Rosaceous Chamaebatiaria-like foliage from the Paleogene of western North America". Aliso. 12 (1): 177–200. doi:10.5642/aliso.19881201.14.

[Dlussky1988-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Dlussky, G. M. (1988). "Ants of Sakhalin amber (Paleocene?)" (PDF). Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal (in Russian). 1988 (1): 50–61.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Dlussky2012-4] Dlussky, G.M.; Wedmann, S. (2012). "The poneromorph ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae: Amblyoponinae, Ectatomminae, Ponerinae) of Grube Messel, Germany: High biodiversity in the Eocene". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 10 (4): 725–753. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.628341. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)

[ddinogeorge-5] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[6] Barsbold, R. 1988. A new late Cretaceous ornithomimid of Mongolia [in Russian]. Paleontol. J. 1: pp. 122-125.

[7] Jensen, J.A. 1988. A fourth new sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of the Colorado Plateau and sauropod bipedalism. Great Basin Nat. 48 (2), pp. 121-145.

[Mateus,_O._2013-8] Mateus, O., & Tschopp E. (2013). Cathetosaurus as a valid sauropod genus and comparisons with Camarasaurus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts, 2013. 173.

[bakker88denversaurus-9] Jump up to: ^a ^b Bakker, R. T. 1988. Review of the late Cretaceous Nodosaurid Dinosauria, Denversaurus schlessmani, a new armor-plated dinosaur from the Latest Cretaceous of South Dakota, the Last Survivor of the Nodosaurians, with comments on Stegosaur-Nodosaur Relationships. Hunteria 1 (3), pp. 3-23.

[10] Yadagiri, P. 1988. A new sauropod Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis from Lower Jurassic Kota Formation of India. Records of the Geological Survey of India 116 (3-8): pp. 102-127.

[11] Bakker, R.T., M. Williams, and P. Currie. 1988. Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria 1: pp. 1-30.

[12] Horner, J.R. and D.B. Weishampel. 1988. A comparative embryological study of two ornithischian dinosaurs. Nature 332: pp. 256- 257.

[13] Olshevsky, G. 1991. A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia. Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (1st printing): iv + 196 pages.

[14] Giffin, E. B., D.L. Gabriel, and R.E. Johnson. 1987. A new pachycephalosaurid skull (Ornithischia) from the Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation of Montana. J. Vert. Palaeontol. 7 (4); pp. 398-407.

[Ciconia-15] Philippa J. Haarhoff (1988). "A New Fossil Stork (Aves, Ciconiidae) from the Late Tertiary of Langebaanweg, South Africa". Annals of the South African Museum. 97: 297–313.

[Morus-16] Jump up to: ^a ^b Dan Grigorescu; Jenö Kessler (1988). "New Contributions to the Knowledge of the Sarmatian Birds from South Dobrogea in the Frame of the Eastern Paratethyan Avifauna". Revue Roumaine de Géologie, Géophysique et Géographie, [Série]: Géologie. 32: 91–97.

[Gymnogyps-17] Steven D. Emslie (1988). "The Fossil History and Phylogenetic Relationships of Condors (Ciconiiformes: Vulturidae) in the New World". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 8 (2): 212–228. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011699.

[Hadrogyps-18] Steven D. Emslie (1988). "An Early Condor-like Vulture from North America" (PDF). The Auk. 105 (3): 529–535. doi:10.1093/auk/105.3.529.

[Jungornis-19] Aleksandr A. Karkhu (1988). "A New Family of Swift-Like Birds from the Paleogene of Europe". Paleontological Journal. 22: 77–88.

[Houde-20] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Peter W. Houde (1988). "Paleognathous Birds from the Early Tertiary of the Northern Hemisphere". Publication of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. 22: 1–148.

[Messelornis-21] Angelika Hesse (1988). "Die †Messelornithidae-Ein Neue Familie der Kranichartigen (Aves: Gruiformes: Rhynocheti) aus dem Tertiär Europas und Nordamerikas". Journal für Ornithologie. 129 (1): 83–95. doi:10.1007/bf01641534.

[Millener-22] Jump up to: ^a ^b Philip R. Millener (1988). "Contributions to New Zealand's Late Quaternary Avifauna. I: Pachyplichas, a New Genus of Wren (Aves: Acanthisittidae), with Two New Species". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 18 (4): 383–406. doi:10.1080/03036758.1988.10426464.

[Phocavis-23] James L. Goedert (1988). "A New Late Eocene Species of Plotopteridae (Aves: Pelecaniformes) from Northwestern Oregon". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 45 (6): 97–102.

[Porphyrio-24] David W. Steadman (1988). "A New Species of Porphyrio (Aves: Rallidae) from Archeological Sites in the Marquesas Islands". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 101 (1): 162–170.

[Ventivorus-25] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1988). "Le Gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa Faune de Vertébrés de l'Éocène Supérieur II. Oiseaux". Palaeontographica A. 205: 29–50.

[Psilopterus-26] Eduardo P. Tonni; Claudia P. Tambussi (1988). "Un Nuevo Psilopterninae (Aves: Ralliformes) del Mioceno Tardio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Republica Argentina". Ameghiniana. 25: 155–160.

[Sula-27] Gerard F. van Tets; Charles W. Meredith; Peter J. Fullagar; Peter M. Davidson (1988). "Osteological Differences Between Sula and Morus, and a Description of an Extinct New Species of Sula from Lord Howe and Norfolk islands, Tasman Sea" (PDF). Notornis. 35 (1): 35–57. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-23.

[Taubacrex-28] Herculano M. F. de Alvarenga (1988). "Ave Fóssil (Gruiformes: Rallidae) dos Folhelhos da Bacia de Taubaté, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 60: 321–328.

[Quercymegapodiidae-29] Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (2000). "A New Species of Ameripodius (Aves: Galliformes: Quercymegapodiidae) from the Lower Miocene of France". Palaeontology. 43 (3): 481–493. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2000.00136.x.

[Nessov-30] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Lev A. Nessov (1988). "Novyye ptitsy mela i paleogena Sredney Azii i Kazakhstana i usloviya na mestakh ikh obitaniya. [New Cretaceous and Paleogene Birds from Middle Asia and Kazakhstan, and the Condition Existing at Theire Places of Residence.] [in Russian, with English sum.]". Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR. 182: 116–123.

[kellner&campos1988-31] Kellner, A.W.A., and Campos, D.A. (1988). "Sobre un novo pterossauro com crista sagital da Bacia do Araripe, Cretaceo Inferior do Nordeste do Brasil. (Pterosauria, Tupuxuara, Cretaceo, Brasil)." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 60: 459–469. [in Portuguese]

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