2002 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2002.
Plants[]
Gymnosperms[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Mustoe |
Early Eocene |
McAbee site, Kamloops Group |
Canada |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
McKown, Stockey, & Schweger |
Ch'ijee's Bluff, Bluefish Basin |
Canada |
Angiosperms[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sp nov |
Valid |
Poinar & Brown |
Late Oligocene - early Miocene |
Mexico |
A species of Hymenaea, producer of Mexican amber |
|||
Trifurcatua flabellata[5] |
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Mohr & Rydin |
Lower Cretaceous |
Brazil |
putative monocot |
Arthropods[]
Insects[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cretomerobius wehri[6] |
Sp nov. |
Jr synonym |
Makarkin, Archibald, Oswald |
USA |
A drepanepterygine brown lacewing. |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A dolichoderine ant. |
|||
Sp nov |
valid |
Dlussky |
Middle Eocene |
Baltic amber |
A Dolichoderine ant |
| ||
Sp nov |
valid |
Dlussky |
Middle Eocene |
Baltic amber |
A Dolichoderine ant |
| ||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A ant of uncertain placement. |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A ant of uncertain placement. |
|||
Comb nov |
Valid |
(Nel) |
Late Miocene |
Spain |
An inocellid snakefly, |
| ||
Sp nov |
valid |
Dlussky |
Middle Eocene |
Baltic amber |
A formicine ant |
| ||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
United States |
An ant form genus of uncertain placement. |
||||
Gen et 2 sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
An ant form genus of uncertain placement. |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
An aneuretine ant |
|||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A myrmicine ant form genus. |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A ponerine ant. |
|||
Gen, 3 sp et 1 comb nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A ponerine ant form genus. |
|||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dlusskys & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A dolichoderine ant form genus |
|||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky & Rasnitsyn |
Green River Formation |
United States |
A myrmicine ant form genus. |
|||
sp. nov |
valid |
Makarkin, Archibald, Oswald |
Coldwater Formation |
Canada |
first description of fossil Wesmaelius |
Conodonts[]
New taxa[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et comb nov |
valid |
Bardashev, Weddige, & Ziegler |
early Devonian |
An conodont, |
Archosauromorphs[]
Dinosaurs[]
New taxa[]
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[13]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Fraser, Padian, Walkden, & Davis |
late Triassic |
England |
A possible chimera |
| ||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Coria & Calvo |
Late Cretaceous |
Cerro Lisandro Formation |
Argentina |
An Iguanodont |
| |
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Santonian |
Argentina |
An Abelisaurid |
| |||
"Byranjaffia"[17] |
gen nov |
|
Mongolia |
Officially named Byronosaurus |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
China |
An ankylosaurid |
|||||
"Cryptovolans"[19] |
gen et sp nov |
Junior synonym |
, Zhang, Li, & Li |
China |
Jr synonym of Microraptor |
|||
"Epidendrosaurus"[20] |
gen et sp nov |
junior synonym |
Zhang, Zhou, Xu, & Wang |
China |
jr synonym of Scansoriopteryx |
|||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
Mongolia |
A Therizinosauroid |
| |||
"Fusinasus"[22] |
gen et sp nov |
Junior synonym of Eotyrannus |
Hutt |
England |
Jr synonym of Eotyrannus |
|||
"Huaxiasaurus" |
Rey |
Officially named Huaxiagnathus in 2004 |
||||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu, Wang, & Chang |
China |
|||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|
Berremian |
China |
| |||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kellner & Campos |
Bauru-type red conglomerate sandstone |
Brazil |
An Abelisaurid |
|||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
& Yuan |
China |
Possible junior synonym of Epidendrosaurus |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
China |
Birds[]
New taxa[]
Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
Mayr & |
Early Oligocene |
|
Belgium |
A palaelodid |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Middle Eocene |
Germany |
An Aegialornithid |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Eocene or Early Oligocene |
Phosphorites du Quercy |
France |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Italia |
A strigid owl. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
USA |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
|
|
Spain |
A gruid crane. |
|||
Cathayornis aberransis [33] |
?Valid |
Sp. nov. |
, Zhou, Zhang, & Gu |
Valanginian |
China |
A cathayornithid |
| |
Cimolopteryx petra [34] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
USA |
A cimolopterygid |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Steadman |
An apodid swiftlet. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Mayr & |
Early Oligocene |
|
Belgium |
A . |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
et al |
Antarctica |
A spheniscid penguin. |
||||
Valid |
Comb. nov. |
(Wiman) |
Antarctica |
A spheniscid penguin |
||||
Enaliornis seeleyi [38] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Galton & |
UK |
An enaliornithid |
|||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Valanginian |
China |
An enantiornithelian, |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
& |
|
Uruguay |
An anhingid |
|||
Valid |
Gen et Sp. nov. |
Cave deposits |
Cuba |
An Accipitridae |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Chiappe, , & |
Early-Middle Campanian |
Mooreville Chalk Formation |
USA |
An Euenantiornithalean |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
& |
Campanian |
Pierre Shale Formation |
USA |
A hesperornithid |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
& |
Campanian |
Pierre Shale Formation |
USA |
A hesperornithid |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
& |
Campanian |
Pierre Shale Formation |
USA |
A hesperornithid |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
& |
Campanian |
Pierre Shale Formation |
Canada |
A hesperornithid |
||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
Germany |
A cuculid cuckoo |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp. nov. |
Zhou & |
China |
A jeholornithid |
| |||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
& |
Middle Eocene |
China |
A charadriid |
|||
Jinzhouornis [33] |
jr synonym |
Gen et 2 Sp. nov. |
, Zhou, Zhang, & Gu |
China |
A confuciusornithid |
| ||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
et al |
China |
An avialaen |
| |||
Larus utunui [50] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Steadman |
Subrecent |
French Polynesia |
A larid gull. |
||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
et al |
Antarctica |
A penguin |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Early Middle Eocene |
Germany |
A sulid |
| |||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
et al |
Antarctica |
A penguin. |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
, , & |
Early Miocene |
|
Serbia |
A podicipedid grebe. |
||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
& |
Early Danian |
USA |
A possible torotigid |
|||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Mayr & |
Early Oligocene |
|
Belgium |
A |
||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
& Ji |
|
China |
An |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Early Miocene |
Czech Republic |
A possible sea duck. |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Dyke * |
Early Eocene |
UK |
A |
|||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Bartonian-Late Oligocene |
Phosphorites du Quercy |
France |
A cathartid. Type species P. milneedwardsi |
|||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
Germany |
A leptosomiformean. |
||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
Germany |
A Leptosomiformean. |
||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Antarctica |
||||||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Zhou & |
China |
A omnivoropterygid |
| |||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
|
Denmark |
A trogonid |
| |||
Shenzhouraptor [63] |
valid |
Gen et sp nov. |
et al |
China |
An Avialae. Type species S. sinensis |
| ||
Spheniscus urbinai [64] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Late Miocene-Early Pliocene |
Peru |
A spheniscid penguin. |
||
Valid |
Gen et sp nov. |
Late Oligocene or Early Miocene |
|
Brazil |
A teratorn |
|||
Teratornis olsoni [66] |
jr synonym |
Sp. nov. |
Cave deposits |
Cuba |
||||
Teratornis woodburnensis [68] |
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
& |
Late Pleistocene |
USA |
A teratorn |
||
Valid |
Gen et Sp nov. |
Kurochkin, Dyke, & |
Mongolia |
A presbyornithid |
||||
Valid |
Subsp. nov. |
|
Late Pleistocene |
France |
A tytonid owl subspecies. |
Plesiosaurs[]
New taxa[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Druckenmiller |
United States |
A polycotylid |
| |||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Cruickshank & Fordyce |
New Zealand |
An aristonectine elasmosaurid |
| |||
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
Gasparini et al |
Cuba |
A cryptoclidid |
Pterosaurs[]
In October, a partial Mesadacylus wing was discovered in the Kingsview Quarry of Colorado.[71] This find marks the first time that a Morrison pterosaur has been found at more than one site in the formation.[71]
New taxa[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dalla Vecchia, Wild, & Reitner |
Seefelder Beds |
|||||
Hatzegopteryx[72] |
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Buffetaut, Grigorescu, & Csiki |
|
Romania |
possibly a jr synonym of Quetzalcoatlus |
||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wang & Zhou |
Daohugou Beds |
China |
| |||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Varricchio |
United States |
At first thought to be a bird, but subsequently reinterpreted as a pterosaur, likely a member of Ornithocheiroidea.[73] |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Czerkas & Ji |
Daohugou Beds |
China |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kellner & Campos |
Santana Formation |
Brazil |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Czerkas & Mickelson |
Morrison Formation, Utah |
USA |
Lepidosauromorphs[]
Squamates[]
New taxa[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
"Lakumasaurus"[74] |
Gen et sp nov |
Jr synonym |
Novas et al. |
Late Campanian |
Antarctica |
Genus synonymized with Taniwhasaurus in 2007 |
|
Synapsids[]
Non-mammalian[]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gen nov |
Valid |
Kammerer & Sidor |
Upper Permian |
A dinocephalian. Replacement name for Criocephalus Broom, 1928, preoccupied by Criocephalus Mulsant 1839. |
||||
Gen nov |
Valid |
Maisch |
Upper Permian |
A dicynodont. New genus for "Platycyclops" crassus Broom, 1948. |
||||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Maisch |
Upper Permian |
Beaufort Group |
A dicynodont. The type species is Kwazulusaurus shakai. |
|||
Lanthanocephalus[78] |
gen et sp nov |
Preoccupied |
Modesto, Rubidge, & Welman |
Upper Permian |
|
Genus preoccupied by Lanthanocephalus Williams & Starmer, 2000, moved to the replacement Lanthanostegus in 2003 |
||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Tatarinov |
Middle Triassic |
Russia |
A cynodont. The type species is Neotrirachodon expectatus. |
|||
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Maisch |
Upper Permian |
|
Tanzania |
A gorgonopsian. The type species is Ruhuhucerberus terror. |
||
Titanogorgon[80] |
gen nov |
Valid |
Maisch |
Upper Permian |
|
Tanzania |
A gorgonopsian. New genus for "Gorgonognathus" maximus von Huene, 1950. |
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- ^ Zhou, Z. (2002). "A New and Primitive Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22 (1): 49–57. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0049:anapeb]2.0.co;2.
- ^ Rinderknecht, A.; Noriega, J. (2002). "Un Nuevo Género de Anhingidae (Aves: Pelecaniformes) del Plioceno-Pleistoceno del Uruguay (Formación San José)". Ameghiniana. 39 (2): 183–191.
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- ^ Steadman, D. (2002). "A New Species of Gull (Laridae: Larus) from an Archaeological Site on Huahine, Society Islands". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 115 (1): 1–17.
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- ^ Parris, D.; Hope, S. (2002). "New Interpretations of the Birds from the Navesink and Hornerstown Formations, New Jersey, USA (Aves: Neornithes)". Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1–4 June 2000. 1: 113–124.
- ^ Czerkas, S.; Ji, Q. (2002). "A Preliminary Report on an Omnivorous Volant Bird from Northeast China". The Dinosaur Museum Journal. 1: 127–135.
- ^ Dyke, G.; Gulas, B. (2002). "The Fossil Galliform Bird Paraortygoides from the Eocene of the United Kingdom" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 3360 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2002)360<0001:tfgbpf>2.0.co;2. hdl:2246/2913.
- ^ Mourer-Chauviré, C. (2002). "Revision of the Cathartidae (Aves: Ciconiiformes) from the Middle Eocene to Upper Oligocene Phosphorites du Quercy, France". Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1–4 June 2000. 1: 97–111.
- ^ Mayr, G. (2002). "Avian Remains from the Middle Eocene of the Geiseltal (Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany)". Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1–4 June 2000. 1: 77–96.
- ^ Mayr, G. (2002). "A New Species of Plesiocathartes (Aves: ?Leptosomidae) from the Middle Eocene of Messel, Germany". PaleoBios. 22 (1): 10–20.
- ^ Chatterjee, S. (2002). "The Morphology and Systematics of Polarornis, a Cretaceous Loon (Aves: Gaviidae) from Antarctica". Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1–4 June 2000. 1: 125–155.
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- ^ Stucchi, M. (2002). "Una Nueva Especie de Spheniscus (Aves: Spheniscidae) de la Formación Pisco, Perú" (PDF). Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica del Perú. 94: 17–24.
- ^ Olson, S.; de Alvarenga, H. (2002). "A New Genus of Small Teratorn from the Middle Tertiary of the Taubate Basin, Brazil (Aves: Teratornithidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 115 (4): 701–705.
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- ^ Campbell, K.; Stenger, A. (2002). "A New Teratorn (Aves: Teratornithidae) from the Upper Pleistocene of Oregon". Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1–4 June 2000: 1–11.
- ^ Kurochkin, E.; Dyke, G.; Karhu, A. (2002). "A New Presbyornithid Bird (Aves, Anseriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Mongolia" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 3386: 1–11. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2002)386<0001:anpbaa>2.0.co;2. hdl:2246/2875.
- ^ Louchart, A. (2002). "Les Oiseaux du Pléistocène de Corse et de Quelques Localités Sardes. Écologie, Évolution, Biogéographie et Extinctions". Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de Lyon. 155: 1–287.
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- ^ Martin, J.E.; Fernández, M. (2007). "The synonymy of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur (Squamata) genus Lakumasaurus from Antarctica with Taniwhasaurus from New Zealand and its bearing upon faunal similarity within the Weddellian Province". Geological Journal. 42 (2): 203–211. doi:10.1002/gj.1066.
- ^ Kammerer, C.F; Sidor, C.A. (2002). "Replacement names for the therapsid genera Criocephalus Broom 1928 and Olivieria Brink 1965". Palaeontologia Africana. 38: 71–72.
- ^ Maisch, M.W. (2002). "Observations on Karoo and Gondwana vertebrates: Part 4: The taxonomic status of the Late Permian rhachinocephalid Platycyclops crassus Broom, 1948 (Therapsida: Dicynodontia) from the South African Karoo". Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie. 2002 (6): 362–372. doi:10.1127/njgpm/2002/2002/362.
- ^ Maisch, M.W. (2002). "A new basal lystrosaurid dicynodont from the Upper Permian of South Africa". Palaeontology. 45 (2): 343–359. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00240.
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